Compact optical multimode composite detection system suitable for space target

Abstract

The invention relates to a compact optical multi-mode composite detection system suitable for a space target. The compact optical multi-mode composite detection system is composed of three core optical detectors, namely a laser semi-active detector, a visible light imaging detector and a laser ranging detector, and an AI information processing unit. The three optical parts and the detection circuit are mutually independent, and coordinate work such as function logic, working time sequence, data transmission and instruction control is carried out on the three optical parts and the detection circuit through signal processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a compact optical multi-mode composite detection system suitable for space targets, which is suitable for installation on various spacecrafts and is used for discovering and identifying non-cooperative targets such as space debris. Background Art

[0002] The launch of a spacecraft will bring about space debris such as rocket debris, projectiles from space missions, and solid rocket combustion products. These non-functional man-made wastes generated by human space activities can be collectively referred to as space debris. The existence of space debris will pose a very serious threat to the safety of the space environment. For spacecraft, timely detection and identification of space debris and obtaining important target characteristics such as the size, shape, and orbital parameters of these space targets are of great significance to ensure their safe operation in orbit.

[0003] At present, the detection and identification of non-cooperative targets such as space debris by spacecraft mainly relies on the optical detection system carried by them. The main types include visible light, infrared and other detectors. Images are captured and identified through the optical system. When dealing with non-cooperative targets such as space debris, there are two main shortcomings: First, whether it is a visible light or infrared detection system, the monocular detection system can only determine the direction of the target, but cannot determine the distance between the spacecraft and the target; second, the function is single and limited. If it needs to meet the diverse needs of long-distance point target detection, close-range surface target imaging, target tracking, etc., the size of the detector will be designed to be larger. Limited by the rocket's carrying capacity and overall layout planning, the size and weight of the space-based detection system cannot be very large. Miniaturization and lightweight are the main development directions of space-based detection systems in the future. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention proposes a compact space optical detection system that includes visible light detection and imaging, laser semi-active tracking, and laser ranging. The purpose is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing space optical detection system that can only determine the direction but not the distance and has a single and limited function, and realizes the detection, tracking, imaging, and ranging functions of non-cooperative targets such as space debris.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system suitable for space targets consists of three core optical detectors: laser semi-active detector, visible light imaging detector, laser ranging detector, and AI information processing unit. The three optical parts and detection circuits are independent of each other, and their functional logic, working sequence, data transmission, command control, etc. are coordinated through signal processing.

[0008] The multi-mode composite detection system is designed as an integrated whole. The laser semi-active detection adopts a strapdown single-field-of-view laser detection structure. The visible light imaging detection adopts a strapdown imaging system. The laser ranging detector is mainly composed of three parts: laser emission, laser reception and signal processing system.

[0009] The working process of a compact optical multi-mode composite detection system suitable for space targets is as follows: 1) When non-cooperative targets such as space debris approach the spacecraft, the composite detection system's visible light imaging detection system detects suspicious targets and transmits the information to the spacecraft; 2) The spacecraft uses a laser light source to track and illuminate the target, and the laser semi-active detector of the composite detection system continuously tracks and captures the laser information reflected by the target to determine the target's azimuth information; 3) After stable tracking is established, the laser ranging system of the composite detection system emits signal light to continuously measure the distance information between the spacecraft and the target. 4) In the above process, the detection information is transmitted to the AI ​​information processing unit in real time and the relevant instructions of the AI ​​information processing unit are received. In this process, the AI ​​information processing unit fuses the laser semi-active detection information and the visible light imaging information, conducts target detection and key part identification of the target, and outputs the line of sight angle deviation information to the control module in real time.

[0010] (III) Beneficial effects

[0011] The present invention is a compact optical multi-mode composite detection system suitable for space targets, which innovatively combines the three functions of visible light imaging, laser semi-active detection, and laser ranging, and realizes the functions of discovering, tracking, and ranging for non-cooperative space targets, solving the defect that the traditional monocular space optical detection system can only measure the target position but not the distance. The compact optical multi-mode composite detection system has the advantages of simple structure and small size, and is suitable for installation on various spacecraft to discover and identify non-cooperative targets such as space debris. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 This is the overall layout diagram of the compact optical multi-mode composite detection system of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is the workflow diagram of the compact optical multi-mode composite detection system of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 The appearance and size envelope diagram of the compact optical multi-mode composite detection system of the present invention is DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] The overall layout diagram of the exemplary compact optical multi-mode composite detection system of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, it includes three core optical detectors: a laser semi-active detector, a visible light imaging detector, and a laser ranging detector, wherein the laser ranging detector includes a laser ranging transmitting end and a laser ranging receiving end.

[0017] like Figure 2 As shown, the compact optical multi-mode composite detection system also includes an AI information processing unit. Its workflow is as follows: 1) When non-cooperative targets such as space debris approach the spacecraft, the composite detection system's visible light imaging detection system detects suspicious targets and transmits the information to the spacecraft; 2) The spacecraft uses a laser light source to track and illuminate the target, and the laser semi-active detector of the composite detection system continuously tracks and captures the laser information reflected by the target to determine the target's azimuth information; 3) After stable tracking is established, the laser ranging system of the composite detection system emits signal light to continuously measure the distance information between the spacecraft and the target. 4) In the above process, the detection information is transmitted to the AI ​​information processing unit in real time and the relevant instructions of the AI ​​information processing unit are received. In this process, the AI ​​information processing unit fuses the laser semi-active detection information and the visible light imaging information, conducts target detection and key part identification of the target, and outputs the line of sight angle deviation information to the control module in real time.

[0018] like Figure 3 As shown, the compact optical multi-mode composite detection system is cylindrical, with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm.

Claims

1. A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets, characterized in that: The compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets is composed of three core optical detectors: a laser semi-active detector, a visible light imaging detector, and a laser ranging detector.

2. A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that Laser semi-active detection adopts a strapdown single-field-of-view laser detection structure.

3. A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets as described in any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that Visible light imaging detection uses a strapdown imaging system.

4. A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The laser ranging detector is mainly composed of three parts: laser emission, laser reception and signal processing system.

5. A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that It also includes detection circuits and AI information processing units.

6. As described in claim 5, a compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets, the laser semi-active detector, visible light imaging detector, laser ranging detector and detection circuit are independent of each other, and their functional logic, working timing, data transmission, command control and other coordination are carried out through signal processing.

7. A compact optical multi-mode composite detection system for space targets as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, which has a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 100 mm.

8. The working process of a compact optical multi-mode composite detection system suitable for space targets as claimed in claim 5 or 6 is: 1) When non-cooperative targets such as space debris approach the spacecraft, the composite detection system’s visible light imaging detection system detects suspicious targets and transmits the information to the spacecraft; 2) The spacecraft uses a laser light source to track and illuminate the target, and the laser semi-active detector of the composite detection system continuously tracks and captures the laser information reflected by the target to determine the target's position information; 3) After stable tracking is established, the laser ranging system of the composite detection system emits signal light to continuously measure the distance information between the spacecraft and the target; In the above process, the detection information is transmitted to the AI ​​information processing unit in real time and relevant instructions of the AI ​​information processing unit are received.

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