Satellite-borne short message receiving and transmitting integrated antenna
By designing a satellite-borne short message transmission and reception integrated antenna, using titanium alloy screws and multipole slow wave structure and other technologies, the weight and isolation problems of traditional antennas are solved, and the effects of light and small size, high isolation and low elevation gain are achieved. Meet the task needs of the remote sensing field.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411195366.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
The traditional satellite-borne short message antenna design has problems such as heavy weight, high cost, and strict requirements on the star-body layout environment. It is difficult to achieve integrated transmission and reception antennas and poor isolation of the transceiver ports, which cannot meet the light and small size and low elevation gain in the remote sensing field. High and dual frequency double circular polarization requirements.
A satellite-borne short message transmission and reception integrated antenna is designed, and titanium alloy screws are used to realize the assembly of the radome, radiation assembly and feed assembly. The electromagnetic dipole is composed of four diamond oscillators, a multipole slow wave structure and Γ type The Barron feeding structure improves low elevation gain and transceiver port isolation. The feeding network medium is embedded in the feeding housing and the base plate to form a suspended microstrip line structure, integrating high-pass filters and low-pass filters to achieve the lightness of the antenna. Quantification and high isolation.
It has realized the integration of global short message communication, with the advantages of high isolation, high elevation gain, and small light size. The antenna weight is only 300g, the maximum outer contour is small, adapted to the astral environment, and its mechanical and thermal environment is verified through experiments. Strong adaptability.
Smart Images
Figure CN119253232A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of remote sensing, and in particular relates to a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna. Background Art
[0002] The short message antenna is used to receive message signals and send navigation and positioning information to the Beidou navigation satellite through the short message terminal using the two-way message function of the Beidou positioning system.
[0003] Traditional satellite-borne short messages use a separate antenna design for transmission and reception, that is, each satellite is equipped with two short message antennas, one for sending short message signals and the other for receiving short message signals, and the high isolation requirement for transmission and reception is achieved by adjusting the layout positions of the two short message antennas. This solution is subject to constraints such as satellite layout, environment, and weight, and has the disadvantages of heavy antenna system weight, high cost, and strict requirements on the satellite layout environment.
[0004] In view of the mission requirements in the remote sensing field, taking into account the constraints of satellite environment, weight, layout, etc., the short message antenna is required to be integrated with the transmitter and receiver, and the mission purpose of two antennas can be achieved with one antenna. The problems of strong mutual coupling between antennas and poor isolation of transmit and receive ports in the integrated transmit and receive antennas need to be solved. At the same time, the working requirements of small and lightweight, dual-frequency dual circular polarization, and high gain at low elevation angles must be taken into account. The existing technology and achievements cannot meet the mission requirements. Summary of the invention
[0005] The technology of the present invention solves the problem: overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, which aims to achieve the integration of transceiver and transceiver for global short message communication, and has the advantages of high isolation of transceiver ports, high gain at low elevation angles, and light weight and small size.
[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, comprising: an antenna cover, a radiation component, a feed component and an antenna bracket; wherein the antenna cover, the radiation component and the feed component are integrated and assembled by titanium alloy screws, and the radiation component and the feed component are located in the antenna cover; one end of the antenna bracket is connected to the shell of the feed component by a titanium alloy screw, and the other end is connected to the satellite body by a screw.
[0007] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver antenna, the radiation component includes: an electromagnetic dipole, a multipole slow-wave structure, a base plate and a dielectric pressure ring; wherein the multipole slow-wave structure is arranged on the base plate and is integrally formed with the base plate; the electromagnetic dipole is arranged above the multipole slow-wave structure; the dielectric pressure ring is a cylindrical structure, which is fixed to the electromagnetic dipole by DG-4 epoxy glue.
[0008] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver antenna, the electromagnetic dipole is composed of four rhombus-shaped vibrators; wherein, the four rhombus-shaped vibrators are a pair of two, and the two pairs of rhombus-shaped vibrators are arranged in a 90-degree cross pattern to form an electromagnetic dipole; the rhombus-shaped vibrators are made of metal materials, and a circular groove is opened in the center of each rhombus-shaped vibrator.
[0009] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver antenna, the end of the rhombus vibrator is partially bent toward the bottom plate, and 8 evenly distributed metal columns are arranged around the rhombus vibrator. Each group of 4 metal columns has a different length, forming a multipole slow-wave structure.
[0010] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, the feeding component includes: a feeding network medium, a Γ-type balun feeding structure, a feeding plug and a feeding shell; wherein the feeding shell is connected to the base plate by screws; the feeding network medium is embedded between the feeding shell and the base plate to form a suspended microstrip line structure; the Γ-type balun feeding structure is placed on the base plate and connected to the feeding network medium; the feeding plug is connected to the lower surface of the feeding shell by screws.
[0011] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, the feed network medium is formed by pressing an upper medium and a lower medium together; wherein, the upper medium is single-sided copper-clad, and the copper-clad network strip line is located between the upper medium and the lower medium; the copper-clad network strip line includes a receiving frequency band input port, a transmitting frequency band input port, and two output ports; a double-branch network strip line, a high-pass filter network strip line, and a low-pass filter network strip line constitute the copper-clad network strip line, and the low-pass filter network strip line and the high-pass filter network strip line are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the double-branch network strip line; the lower medium is designed without a copper-clad layer.
[0012] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, the Γ-type balun feed structure includes: a Γ-type balun feed structure outer conductor and a Γ-type balun feed structure inner conductor; wherein the Γ-type balun feed structure outer conductor is placed on a base plate and is integrally processed and formed with the base plate; the electromagnetic dipole and the Γ-type balun feed structure outer conductor are assembled together through titanium alloy screws; the Γ-type balun feed structure inner conductor is suspended inside the Γ-type balun feed structure outer conductor and is connected to the copper-clad network strip line on the feed network medium; polytetrafluoroethylene material is filled between the Γ-type balun feed structure inner conductor and the Γ-type balun feed structure outer conductor for support.
[0013] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver antenna, the inner conductor of the Γ-type balun feeding structure includes: a transmission vertical part, a coupling horizontal part and a coupling open-circuit end vertical part; wherein, one end of the two metal cylinders of the transmission vertical part and one end of the two metal cylinders of the coupling open-circuit end vertical part are respectively electrically connected to the coupling horizontal part by welding; the other ends of the two metal cylinders of the transmission vertical part are connected to the two output ports of the copper-clad network strip line.
[0014] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, the coupling horizontal part includes: a planar metal sheet and a convex metal sheet; wherein the planar metal sheet and the convex metal sheet are cross-arranged at 90 degrees.
[0015] In the above-mentioned satellite-borne short message transceiver antenna, the feed plug is an SMA plug, including: a first SMA plug and a second SMA plug; wherein the first SMA plug and the second SMA plug are respectively connected to the receiving frequency band input port and the transmitting frequency band input port of the copper-clad network strip line.
[0016] The present invention has the following advantages:
[0017] (1) The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, which realizes the integration of transceiver and transmitter for global short message communication and has the advantages of high isolation of transceiver ports, high gain at low elevation angles, and light weight and small size.
[0018] (2) The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver antenna, in which an electromagnetic dipole is composed of four rhombus-shaped oscillators. The invention adopts measures such as opening a circular groove in the center of the rhombus-shaped oscillator, partially bending the end of the rhombus-shaped oscillator toward the bottom plate, and arranging a multipole slow-wave structure around the rhombus-shaped oscillator to solve the problems of poor gain at low elevation angles and poor broadband impedance matching characteristics of the traditional oscillator antenna, thereby realizing a design of a small and lightweight antenna with high gain at low elevation angles and broadband impedance characteristics.
[0019] (3) The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, in which a feed network medium is embedded between a feed shell and a bottom plate to form a suspended microstrip line structure, thereby realizing the broadband feeding characteristics of the antenna. By selecting a double-branch network strip line and an integrated high-pass filter network strip line and a low-pass filter network strip line, the mutual coupling effect of the antenna transceiver ports is solved, and the isolation of the transceiver ports is improved. The isolation of the transceiver ports is not less than 40dB, thereby realizing good dual-polarization and circular polarization characteristics.
[0020] (4) The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, in which a high-pass filter network strip line and a low-pass filter network strip line are integrated inside a feed network, thereby realizing a lightweight design of the antenna.
[0021] (5) The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, which covers the global short message reception B2b frequency band and the global short message transmission Lf4 frequency band. The antenna weighs only 300g (excluding the antenna bracket), and the maximum outer contour (excluding the antenna bracket) is only Φ110mm×48mm.
[0022] (6) The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, wherein all components except the feed network medium are all made of an all-metal structure, have strong mechanical structural characteristics, and are highly adaptable to the on-orbit environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of assembling a radiation component and a feeding component in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feeding network medium in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic dipole in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer conductor of a Γ-type balun feeding structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the inner conductor of a Γ-type balun feeding structure in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] The present invention discloses a satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, which has the characteristics of dual frequency, dual circular polarization, wide angular beam coverage and high transceiver isolation. Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna may specifically include: a radome 1, a radiation component 2, a feed component 3 and an antenna bracket 4. The radome 1, the radiation component 2 and the feed component 3 are integrated and assembled by titanium alloy screws, and the radiation component 2 and the feed component 3 are located in the radome 1; one end of the antenna bracket 4 is connected to the shell of the feed component 3 by titanium alloy screws, and the other end is connected to the satellite by screws. The radome 1 can be used to effectively improve the thermal environment of the antenna on orbit, the radiation component is used to realize the electrical radiation performance of the antenna, and the feed component is used to realize the feeding of the antenna, high isolation of the transceiver port and dual-polarization performance.
[0031] In this embodiment, the radiation component 2 specifically includes: an electromagnetic dipole 21, a multipole slow-wave structure 22, a bottom plate 23 and a dielectric pressure ring 24. Among them, the multipole slow-wave structure 22 is arranged on the bottom plate 23 and is integrally formed with the bottom plate 23; the electromagnetic dipole 21 is arranged above the multipole slow-wave structure 22; the dielectric pressure ring 24 is a cylindrical structure, which is fixed to the electromagnetic dipole 21 by DG-4 epoxy glue, thereby improving the mechanical resistance of the electromagnetic dipole 21.
[0032] Preferably, the electromagnetic dipole 21 is composed of four diamond-shaped vibrators and is an all-metal structure; the four diamond-shaped vibrators are a pair of two, and the two pairs of diamond-shaped vibrators are arranged in a 90-degree cross layout to form the electromagnetic dipole 21; the diamond-shaped vibrators have the characteristics of broadband impedance matching. A circular groove is opened in the center of each diamond-shaped vibrator. The circular groove in the center of the diamond-shaped vibrator can change the direction of the current on the surface of the diamond-shaped vibrator and increase the current transmission path, thereby realizing a lightweight and miniaturized design. Furthermore, the end of the diamond-shaped vibrator is partially bent toward the bottom plate 23, and 8 evenly distributed metal columns are arranged around the diamond-shaped vibrator, each 4 metal columns form a group, and the length of each group of metal columns is different, forming a multipole slow-wave structure 22. The diamond vibrator after the end is bent is coupled with the multipole slow-wave structure 22 for excitation, thereby improving the low elevation angle gain of the antenna.
[0033] In this embodiment, the feeding component 3 specifically includes: a feeding network medium 31, a Γ-type balun feeding structure 32, a feeding plug 33 and a feeding housing 34. Among them, the feeding housing 34 is connected to the bottom plate 23 by screws; the feeding network medium 31 is embedded between the feeding housing 34 and the bottom plate 23 to form a suspended microstrip line structure with broadband characteristics; the Γ-type balun feeding structure 32 is placed on the bottom plate 23 and connected to the feeding network medium 31, and the radiating component 2 is connected to the feeding network medium 31 through the Γ-type balun feeding structure 32; the feeding plug 33 is connected to the lower surface of the feeding housing 34 by screws.
[0034] Preferably, the feed network medium 31 is formed by pressing an upper medium and a lower medium. Among them, the upper medium is single-sided copper-clad, and the copper-clad network strip line 311 is located between the upper medium and the lower medium; the copper-clad network strip line 311 includes a receiving frequency band input port, a transmitting frequency band input port, and two output ports; the double-branch network strip line 3111, the high-pass filter network strip line 3112 and the low-pass filter network strip line 3113 constitute the copper-clad network strip line 311, and the low-pass filter network strip line 3113 and the high-pass filter network strip line 3112 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the double-branch network strip line 3111; the double-branch network strip line 3111 realizes the antenna broadband and dual-polarization performance, and the high-pass filter network strip line 3112 and the low-pass filter network strip line 3113 realize the high isolation performance of the antenna transceiver port; the output end of the high-pass filter network strip line 3112 corresponds to the transmitting frequency band input port, that is, the short message transmission input port; the output end of the low-pass filter network strip line 3113 corresponds to the receiving frequency band input port, that is, the short message receiving input port. The lower dielectric layer is designed without copper cladding.
[0035] Preferably, the Γ-type balun feeding structure 32 can realize balanced feeding of the rhombus oscillator and has broadband characteristics, and specifically can include: an outer conductor 321 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure and an inner conductor 322 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure. The outer conductor 321 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure is placed on the bottom plate 23 and is integrally formed with the bottom plate 23; the inner conductor 322 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure is suspended inside the outer conductor 321 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure and is connected to the copper-clad network strip line 311 on the feeding network medium 31; and polytetrafluoroethylene material is filled between the inner conductor 322 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure and the outer conductor 321 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure for support.
[0036] Furthermore, the inner conductor 322 of the Γ-type balun feeding structure may specifically include: a transmission vertical portion 3221, a coupling horizontal portion 3222, and a coupling open-end vertical portion 3223. Among them, one end of the two metal cylinders of the transmission vertical portion 3221 and one end of the two metal cylinders of the coupling open-end vertical portion 3223 are respectively electrically connected to the coupling horizontal portion 3222 by welding; the other ends of the two metal cylinders of the transmission vertical portion 3221 are connected to the two output ports of the copper-clad network strip line 311.
[0037] Furthermore, the coupling horizontal portion 3222 may specifically include: a planar metal sheet 32221 and a convex metal sheet 32222. The planar metal sheet 32221 and the convex metal sheet 32222 are arranged to cross at 90 degrees. The convex structure of the metal sheet design avoids short circuit between the two metal sheets.
[0038] In this embodiment, the feeding plug 33 is an SMA plug, including: a first SMA plug 331 and a second SMA plug 332. The first SMA plug 331 and the second SMA plug 332 are respectively connected to the receiving frequency band input port and the transmitting frequency band input port of the copper-clad network strip line 311.
[0039] In this embodiment, the antenna cover 1 is a cylindrical cavity structure, the material is a quartz fiber composite material, the outer surface is sprayed with E51-M thermal control black paint, and the thickness of the antenna cover is 0.5mm. The electromagnetic dipole 21, the multipole slow wave structure 22, the bottom plate 23, the Γ-type balun feed structure outer conductor 321 and the feed shell 34 are all made of magnesium alloy, and the surface of the material is chemically conductive and oxidized. The material of the dielectric pressure ring 24 is polyimide. The upper and lower dielectric layers are prepared using Rogers6002 dielectric sheets. The material of the Γ-type balun feed structure inner conductor 322 is brass. The material of the inner conductor of the feed plug 33 is beryllium bronze. The material of the antenna bracket 4 is hard aluminum, and the height of the antenna bracket 4 can be adaptively designed according to the star layout and the shielding conditions around the antenna.
[0040] After testing, the operating frequency band of the satellite-borne short message integrated transceiver antenna described in the present invention covers: short message receiving frequency band: 1207MHz±10MHz; short message transmitting frequency band: 1610MHz~1626MHz, the antenna main gain within the frequency band is better than 6dBi, the gain at an elevation angle of ±75° is better than -2.5dBi, the axial ratio is better than 3dB, and the isolation of the transceiver ports is better than 40dB.
[0041] The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna of the present invention has passed the following ground tests (including under vacuum conditions), verifying the various performances of the satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna of the present invention:
[0042] 1) Passed the mechanical environment test of satellite components, including: sinusoidal vibration, random vibration, impact test, acceleration test. The antenna can withstand the above test loads and there is no abnormal change in the structure.
[0043] 2) The satellite-borne component has passed the thermal test assessment, with the test temperature range of -105℃ to 105℃. There is no obvious change in the product appearance and performance before and after the test, and the product performance is stable.
[0044] 3) The low-pressure, power tolerance and micro-discharge tests of the satellite-borne components were completed. The test pulse peak power was 40W and the continuous wave power was 20W. There was no obvious change in the product appearance and performance before and after the test, and the product performance was stable.
[0045] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
[0046] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of the professionals in this field.
Claims
1. A satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna, characterized in that: include: A radome (1), a radiation component (2), a feed component (3) and an antenna bracket (4); wherein the radome (1), the radiation component (2) and the feed component (3) are assembled in an integrated manner by means of titanium alloy screws, and the radiation component (2) and the feed component (3) are located inside the radome (1); one end of the antenna bracket (4) is connected to the shell of the feed component (3) by means of titanium alloy screws, and the other end is connected to the star body by means of screws.
2. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation component (2) comprises: an electromagnetic dipole (21), a multipole slow-wave structure (22), a bottom plate (23) and a dielectric pressure ring (24); wherein the multipole slow-wave structure (22) is arranged on the bottom plate (23) and is integrally formed with the bottom plate (23); the electromagnetic dipole (21) is arranged above the multipole slow-wave structure (22); and the dielectric pressure ring (24) is a cylindrical structure and is fixed to the electromagnetic dipole (21) by DG-4 epoxy glue.
3. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic dipole (21) is composed of four rhombus-shaped vibrators; wherein the four rhombus-shaped vibrators form a pair, and the two pairs of rhombus-shaped vibrators are arranged in a 90-degree cross pattern to form the electromagnetic dipole (21); the rhombus-shaped vibrators are made of metal materials, and a circular groove is opened in the center of each rhombus-shaped vibrator.
4. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the rhombus vibrator is partially bent toward the bottom plate (23), and eight evenly distributed metal columns are arranged around the rhombus vibrator, with four metal columns forming a group and each group of metal columns having a different length, thereby forming a multipole slow-wave structure (22).
5. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A feeding assembly (3) comprises: a feeding network medium (31), a Γ-type balun feeding structure (32), a feeding plug (33) and a feeding housing (34); wherein the feeding housing (34) is connected to a base plate (23) by means of screws; the feeding network medium (31) is embedded between the feeding housing (34) and the base plate (23) to form a suspended microstrip line structure; the Γ-type balun feeding structure (32) is placed on the base plate (23) and connected to the feeding network medium (31); and the feeding plug (33) is connected to the lower surface of the feeding housing (34) by means of screws.
6. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feeding network medium (31) is formed by pressing together an upper medium and a lower medium; wherein the upper medium is single-sidedly copper-clad, and a copper-clad network strip line (311) is located between the upper medium and the lower medium; the copper-clad network strip line (311) comprises a receiving frequency band input port, a transmitting frequency band input port, and two output ports; a double-branch network strip line (3111), a high-pass filter network strip line (3112), and a low-pass filter network strip line (3113) constitute the copper-clad network strip line (3111), and the low-pass filter network strip line (3113) and the high-pass filter network strip line (3112) are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the double-branch network strip line (3111); and the lower medium is designed without a copper-clad layer.
7. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: A Γ-type balun feeding structure (32) comprises: a Γ-type balun feeding structure outer conductor (321) and a Γ-type balun feeding structure inner conductor (322); wherein the Γ-type balun feeding structure outer conductor (321) is placed on a base plate (23) and is integrally formed with the base plate (23); the electromagnetic dipole (21) and the Γ-type balun feeding structure outer conductor (321) are assembled together by titanium alloy screws; the Γ-type balun feeding structure inner conductor (322) is suspended inside the Γ-type balun feeding structure outer conductor (321) and is connected to a copper-clad network strip line (311) on a feeding network medium (31); and polytetrafluoroethylene material is filled between the Γ-type balun feeding structure inner conductor (322) and the Γ-type balun feeding structure outer conductor (321) for support.
8. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner conductor (322) of the Γ-type balun feeding structure comprises: a transmission vertical part (3221), a coupling horizontal part (3222) and a coupling open-end vertical part (3223); wherein one end of two metal cylinders of the transmission vertical part (3221) and one end of two metal cylinders of the coupling open-end vertical part (3223) are respectively electrically connected to the coupling horizontal part (3222) by welding; and the other ends of the two metal cylinders of the transmission vertical part (3221) are connected to two output ports of the copper-clad network strip line (311).
9. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The coupling horizontal part (3222) comprises: a planar metal sheet (32221) and a convex metal sheet (32222); wherein the planar metal sheet (32221) and the convex metal sheet (32222) are arranged to cross each other at 90 degrees.
10. The satellite-borne short message transceiver integrated antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feeding plug (33) is an SMA plug, comprising: a first SMA plug (331) and a second SMA plug (332); wherein the first SMA plug (331) and the second SMA plug (332) are respectively connected to a receiving frequency band input port and a transmitting frequency band input port of the copper-clad network strip line (311).