Permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and adjusting dynamic balance

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motor rotors, in particular to a permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing flux leakage and adjusting dynamic balance, which comprises a rotating shaft and a rotor core fixed on the rotating shaft in a penetrating manner, a plurality of punching sheets are fixed on the rotor core, a plurality of groups of V-shaped holes are uniformly distributed in the punching sheets along the circumference, permanent magnets are arranged in the V-shaped holes, and the included angles of the V-shaped holes face the peripheries of the punching sheets; the two ends of the punching sheet are fixedly provided with rotor end plates made of a non-magnetic-conductive material, the rotor end plates are provided with mounting holes, the mounting holes and the V-shaped holes are the same in shape and position, and the mounting holes are internally and fixedly provided with stop blocks made of a non-magnetic-conductive material; the rotor end plate is also detachably connected with a trapezoidal plate made of a non-magnetic material, and the trapezoidal plate covers the mounting hole. End magnetic isolation and dynamic balance adjustment technologies are integrated, magnetic flux density distribution can be optimized, and magnetic resistance changes are reduced; and meanwhile, the dynamic balance adjustment convenience in the manufacturing process is improved, and the motor performance is optimized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet motor rotors, and in particular to a permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and adjusting dynamic balance. Background Art

[0002] A permanent magnet motor is an electric motor that uses permanent magnets to provide a magnetic field. It can be divided into surface-mounted and built-in types according to the arrangement of permanent magnets. A surface-mounted permanent magnet motor refers to a motor in which the permanent magnets are directly fixed on the outer surface of the rotor core, while the permanent magnets of the built-in permanent magnet motor are embedded inside the rotor core. When working, the permanent magnets generate a constant magnetic field on the rotor, and a rotating magnetic field is generated when the stator winding is energized. The rotating magnetic field interacts with the constant magnetic field of the permanent magnet, driving the rotor to rotate, thereby generating mechanical energy that can drive the load.

[0003] Among them, since the permanent magnet of the built-in permanent magnet motor is located inside the rotor core, the permanent magnet can be protected by the core and can better resist the centrifugal force of the rotor during rotation. The permanent magnet is not easy to fall off, so it is particularly suitable for high-speed and high-power application scenarios.

[0004] The magnetic field distribution of the permanent magnet will affect the operation and vibration of the motor, so it is necessary to consider the installation angle of the permanent magnet. For example, in the prior art "rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor" (publication number: CN108233574A), the permanent magnet is arranged in the installation slot of the rotor at a certain angle, so that the magnetic flux distribution is more uniform, so as to reduce the vibration and noise of the motor; however, this motor places all the permanent magnets end to end in the rotor, resulting in that the heat inside the rotor cannot be quickly discharged, and the rotor temperature is too high, which will cause the motor to generate more heat and reduce the motor operation efficiency; in order to solve the above problems, the prior art "a rotor of a self-starting permanent magnet synchronous motor" (publication number: CN110829658A) adds a ventilation slot plate at every axial distance in the rotor, so that the heat can be discharged from the ventilation slot on the ventilation slot plate, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation. Although the above two prior arts have certain optimizations on the magnetic flux distribution and heat dissipation problems of the permanent magnet motor, due to the insufficient optimization of the structure of the permanent magnet motor, the rotor vibration and magnetic isolation problems cannot be solved in the design, which is not conducive to the manufacturing and assembly in actual production. Therefore, the inventor proposes a structure of a permanent magnet motor to solve the difficulties of the above-mentioned prior art and to optimize the performance of the permanent magnet motor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and dynamic balance adjustment, which can solve the technical problem that the permanent magnet motor in the prior art cannot coordinately solve the problem of motor dynamic balance adjustment and magnetic leakage prevention.

[0006] The present application provides the following technical solutions: a permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and dynamic balancing, comprising a rotating shaft and a rotor core penetrated and fixed on the rotating shaft;

[0007] A plurality of punching sheets are fixed on the rotor core, and a plurality of groups of V-shaped holes are evenly distributed on the punching sheets along the circumference. Permanent magnets are arranged in the V-shaped holes, and the angle of the V-shaped holes faces the outer circumference of the punching sheets; rotor end plates made of non-magnetic material are fixed at both ends of the punching sheets, and mounting holes are opened on the rotor end plates. The mounting holes have the same shape and position as the V-shaped holes, and a stopper made of non-magnetic material is fixed in the mounting holes; a trapezoidal plate made of non-magnetic material is also detachably connected to the rotor end plates, and the trapezoidal plate covers the mounting holes.

[0008] Beneficial effects:

[0009] Integrate end magnetic isolation and dynamic balancing adjustment technology to optimize motor performance. Since the permanent magnets of the built-in permanent magnet motor need to be installed inside the punching sheet after the punching sheet is stacked, this solution opens a mounting hole on the rotor end plate. When the punching sheet is stacked, it is convenient for the permanent magnet to be axially installed into the punching sheet from the mounting hole on the rotor end plate. Then, the stopper is filled into the mounting hole to achieve axial limit of the permanent magnet. The stopper is made of non-magnetic material, which can prevent the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet from leaking from the rotor end plate, thereby achieving the effect of preventing magnetic leakage. At the same time, a trapezoidal plate is used to seal the mounting hole to further strengthen the axial limit of the permanent magnet. The material of the trapezoidal plate is non-magnetic material, which further strengthens the effect of magnetic isolation, optimizes the distribution of magnetic flux density, and reduces the change of magnetic resistance. The trapezoidal block can be replaced. When the rotor is dynamically balanced, the rotation stability of the rotor can be adjusted by replacing trapezoidal blocks of different weights, realizing the integration of magnetic isolation and dynamic balancing technology, and optimizing the performance of the permanent magnet motor.

[0010] Furthermore, a plurality of screw holes are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the rotor end plate, and counterweights can be fixed on the screw holes.

[0011] Beneficial effect: The counterweight blocks can be added or reduced in the screw holes at the corresponding positions to achieve dynamic balance adjustment of the rotor, and the dynamic balance adjustment is more convenient by cooperating with the trapezoidal blocks on the rotor end plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a positioning pin is provided at one end of the permanent magnet, and the positioning pin separates adjacent permanent magnets in the axial direction, and the positioning pin is made of a non-magnetic material.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The positioning pins are used to limit adjacent permanent magnets in the axial direction to prevent the permanent magnets from loosening during high-speed rotation of the rotor, thereby improving stability. At the same time, the permanent magnets are separated into segments along the axial direction by the positioning pins, which can increase the eddy current internal resistance and reduce eddy current losses.

[0014] Furthermore, the included angle between the V-shaped hole and the mounting hole is 130°-160°.

[0015] Beneficial effect: By limiting the angle between the V-shaped hole and the mounting hole, the permanent magnets are arranged at a certain angle, which can optimize the magnetic flux distribution between the permanent magnets, reduce the mutual interference of the magnetic flux, make the magnetic flux more concentrated, and not prone to magnetic leakage, thereby improving the output power and efficiency of the motor.

[0016] Furthermore, the permanent magnets in the V-shaped holes are arranged in sections.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The segmented design of the permanent magnet can increase the eddy current internal resistance and reduce the eddy current loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is the structural front view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Based Figure 1 Left view of .

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0022] The marks in the drawings of the specification include: shaft 1, rotor core 2, rotor end plate 3, block 4, disassembly hole 41, trapezoidal plate 5, punching sheet 6, ventilation slot plate 7, permanent magnet 8, positioning pin 9, screw hole 10, V-shaped hole 11, air hole 12, and mounting hole 13.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and dynamically adjusting balance comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor core penetrated and fixed on the rotating shaft, and a plurality of punching sheets 6 sleeved on the outer periphery of the core.

[0025] A plurality of punching sheets 6 are formed into a whole by axially stacking, and a plurality of groups of V-shaped holes 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the punching sheets 6. The installation angle of the V-shaped holes 11 is 130°-160°, and the preferred angle in this embodiment is 150°. A permanent magnet 8 is arranged in the V-shaped holes 11, and the permanent magnet 8 is arranged in sections in the V-shaped holes 11. In this embodiment, two permanent magnets 8 are arranged in a single hole of each group of V-shaped holes 11; an air hole 12 is reserved at the end of the V-shaped hole 11 close to the outer periphery of the punching sheet 6, and the function of the air hole 12 is to isolate the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 8 here from passing through the air gap, so as to avoid leakage of magnetic flux and cause additional magnetic resistance, thereby reducing magnetic loss. A ventilation slot plate 7 is provided between every certain number of punching sheets 6, and the ventilation slot plate 7 is also provided with a V-shaped hole 11, and the shape and position are the same as those of the V-shaped hole 11 on the punching sheet 6. A plurality of channel steels are evenly distributed on the circumference of the ventilation slot plate 7, and the heat inside the rotor can be discharged from the holes of the channel steel.

[0026] In the axial direction, a positioning pin 9 is provided on one end of the permanent magnet 8. The positioning pin 9 is made of stainless steel. Figure 1 As shown, the left end of the locating pin 9 is inserted into the pin hole on the right end face of the permanent magnet 8 by means of a pin shaft connection, and the connecting surface between the pin hole and the locating pin 9 is coated with a high temperature resistant adhesive, and then embedded end to end in the V-shaped hole 11 inside the punching sheet 6. When embedding, the contact surface between the permanent magnet 8 and the V-shaped hole 11 needs to be filled with a high temperature resistant adhesive. The axial length of the permanent magnet 8 is the same as the overlapping length of the punching sheet 6 between each ventilation slot plate 7.

[0027] The two ends of the punching sheet 6 are also provided with a rotor end plate 3, which is made of stainless steel. The punching sheet 6 tightens the rotor end plate 3 through the axially penetrating screw and nut, so that the rotor end plate 3 presses the punching sheet 6. The rotor end plate 3 is provided with a mounting hole 13, which has the same shape and position as the V-shaped hole 11. A stopper 4 is fixed in the mounting hole 13, which is made of stainless steel. The contact surface between the stopper 4 and the mounting hole 13 is filled with a high-temperature resistant adhesive. The side of the stopper 4 facing away from the permanent magnet 8 is provided with a disassembly hole 41, which is a threaded hole; the mounting hole 13 is covered with a trapezoidal plate 5, which is made of aluminum alloy. The trapezoidal plate 5 is fixed to the rotor end plate 3 by three screws, and the screw positions of the trapezoidal block are arranged in a triangular shape on both sides of the stopper 4. After removing the trapezoidal plate 5, the stopper 4 can be disassembled by screwing it into the disassembly hole 41 with a thread.

[0028] A plurality of screw holes 10 are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the rotor end plate 3, and counterweights can be fixed on the screw holes 10. When performing dynamic balancing adjustment, counterweights can be added or reduced in the screw holes 10 at corresponding positions to achieve dynamic balancing adjustment of the rotor.

[0029] The use principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0030] The magnetic field of the permanent magnet 8 near the rotor end plate 3 is prone to leakage in the axial direction. The rotor end plate 3 of this solution is made of stainless steel to isolate magnetism. At the same time, since the permanent magnet 8 of the built-in permanent magnet motor needs to be installed inside the punching sheet 6 after the punching sheet 6 is stacked, this solution sets a mounting hole 13 on the rotor end plate 3, so that the permanent magnet 8 can be axially installed into the punching sheet 6 from the mounting hole 13 without disassembling the rotor end plate 3; the block 4 plays a blocking role to limit the axial position of the permanent magnet 8, and the block 4 is made of stainless steel to achieve the effect of preventing magnetic leakage; the trapezoidal plate 5 is then used to block the mounting hole 13 to further strengthen the axial position of the permanent magnet 8, and the material of the trapezoidal plate 5 is stainless steel, which further strengthens the effect of magnetic isolation, optimizes the magnetic flux density distribution, and reduces the magnetic resistance change.

[0031] The trapezoidal blocks can be replaced. When the rotor is dynamically balanced, the rotation stability of the rotor can be adjusted by replacing trapezoidal blocks of different weights. In combination with the multiple screw holes 10 on the inner circumference of the rotor end plate 3 for installing counterweights, dynamic balance adjustment is more convenient, enabling the rotor to integrate magnetic isolation and dynamic balancing technologies and optimize the performance of the permanent magnet motor.

[0032] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. The invention is not limited to the fields involved in this implementation case. The common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and dynamically adjusting balance, comprising a rotating shaft and a rotor core fixed on the rotating shaft; characterized in that: A plurality of punching sheets are fixed on the rotor core, and a plurality of groups of V-shaped holes are evenly distributed on the punching sheets along the circumference. Permanent magnets are arranged in the V-shaped holes, and the angle of the V-shaped holes faces the outer circumference of the punching sheets; rotor end plates made of non-magnetic material are fixed at both ends of the punching sheets, and mounting holes are opened on the rotor end plates. The mounting holes have the same shape and position as the V-shaped holes, and a stopper made of non-magnetic material is fixed in the mounting holes; a trapezoidal plate made of non-magnetic material is also detachably connected to the rotor end plates, and the trapezoidal plate covers the mounting holes.

2. A permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and adjusting dynamic balance according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of screw holes are evenly distributed on the inner circumference of the rotor end plate, and counterweight blocks can be fixed on the screw holes.

3. A permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and adjusting dynamic balance according to claim 2, characterized in that: A positioning pin is provided at one end of the permanent magnet, and the positioning pin separates adjacent permanent magnets in the axial direction. The positioning pin is made of non-magnetic material.

4. A permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and adjusting dynamic balance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angle between the V-shaped hole and the mounting hole is 130°-160°.

5. A permanent magnet motor rotor structure capable of preventing magnetic leakage and adjusting dynamic balance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The permanent magnets in the V-shaped holes are arranged in sections.

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