Grinding and milling cutter
By designing a combination system of flip-flopable fastening elements and support members in grinding and milling tools, the problems of cutting insert fracture and tool holder damage in heavy-duty subtractive processing are solved, achieving lower cost and Simpler cutting insert replacement and modification improves tool seat adaptability and productivity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202380042247.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-05-24
- Filing Date
- 2023-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
In heavy-duty subtractive processing, existing grinding and milling tools have caused cutting inserts to break and tool holder damage due to large forces, which is costly and difficult to replace different types of cutting inserts, and are complex to modify.
Designing grinding tools with first, second and third support members, fastening the cutting inserts by reversible fastening elements allows only the damaged support members to be replaced and adapted to different shapes of cutting inserts by combinations of different support members , operate with the same screw drive tool, increase user-friendliness and simplify the replacement process.
Reduces the cost when the cutting insert is damaged, simplifies the replacement and modification process of the cutting insert, improves the adaptability and production efficiency of the tool holder, and reduces the demand for different screw drive tools.
Smart Images
Figure CN119255881A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a milling tool having a milling tool body with a first end having an interface for connecting to a tool receptacle near a machine tool and a free second end having at least one seat for receiving an interchangeable cutting insert. Background Art
[0002] Milling tools with a milling tool body, at the free end of which a replaceable cutting insert is arranged, are generally used, for example, in particular for machining metallic materials or for machining composite materials. The milling tool body is generally made of a relatively tough material, such as tool steel, and the interchangeable cutting insert is formed of a significantly harder material, such as hard metal (cemented carbide), cermet or cutting ceramic. Depending on the material to be machined, superhard cutting materials, such as polycrystalline diamond (PKD) or cubic boron nitride (CBN), may also be used in the cutting section.
[0003] Interchangeable cutting inserts are usually held in seats formed on the outer circumference of the milling tool body. To reversibly fix the cutting inserts, sometimes fastening screws are used which pass through through holes in the respective cutting inserts, or alternatively so-called clamping claws or clamping wedges are used which act on one side of the respective cutting insert in a force-fitting and in some cases also in a form-fitting manner.
[0004] In order to be able to achieve adjustability of the position of the cutting insert in particular, for example, solutions are sometimes also used in which the cutting insert is not fastened directly to a seat on the milling tool body, but to a cutting insert seat on an interchangeable tool holder, which is then fastened to the milling tool body. In this design embodiment, the interchangeable cutting insert is usually supported by at least two side faces on corresponding lateral support surfaces of the tool holder and is usually also supported on the tool holder by the underside of the interchangeable cutting insert.
[0005] Particularly in milling tools for heavy subtractive machining, the cutting inserts can break due to the high forces during operation. In this case, damage is often also caused to the adjacent areas of the reversing plate and / or the tool holder in which the cutting insert is held, which is associated with relatively high costs. Furthermore, in the known milling tools, it is in most cases not possible to use different types of interchangeable cutting inserts, or only possible with a very high degree of complexity in each case. Summary of the invention
[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an improved milling tool, wherein the costs in the event of breakage of a replaceable cutting insert are reduced and a simple modification to a different replaceable cutting insert is possible.
[0007] This object is achieved by a milling tool according to claim 1. Advantageous developments are specified in the dependent claims.
[0008] The milling tool has a milling tool body having a first end and a free second end, the first end having an interface for connecting to a tool socket near a machine tool, the second end having at least one tool seat for receiving an interchangeable cutting insert. The tool seat is provided with: a first support member for supporting a first side of the cutting insert, the first side being reversibly fastened to the milling tool body by a first fastening element, a second support member for supporting a second side of the cutting insert, the second side being reversibly fastened to the milling tool body by a second fastening element, and a third support member for supporting the lower side of the cutting insert, the third support member being reversibly fastened to the milling tool body by a third fastening element.
[0009] Since the first, second and third support members are arranged separately from one another and are in each case reversibly fastened to the milling tool body by means of designated fastening elements, in the event of a breakage of an interchangeable cutting insert, only the region which has likewise been damaged (e.g. only one of the support members) can be replaced in a targeted manner. Furthermore, by replacing one or more support members, the seat can be converted in a particularly simple manner to receive interchangeable cutting inserts having different shapes.
[0010] According to a development, the first, second and third fastening elements are each formed as screws. In this case, they can be handled particularly easily.
[0011] According to a refinement, the first, second and third fastening elements are formed with an engagement region for a screw-driving tool in each case, and the engagement region is designed to engage with the same screw-driving tool. In this case, the milling tool is designed to be particularly user-friendly and does not require a large number of different screw-driving tools to be available.
[0012] According to a refinement, a clamping wedge for exerting a clamping force on the upper side of the cutting insert is arranged in the region of the seat. In this case, a particularly strong and reliable fastening of the cutting insert to the milling tool body is ensured.
[0013] According to one refinement, the clamping wedge is connected to the milling tool body via a screw element. In this case, a particularly simple and user-friendly operation for changing the cutting insert can be achieved. Preferably, the screw element can have an engagement area for a screw-driving tool, which enables actuation with the same screw-driving tool that is also used for the corresponding fastening element of the support member.
[0014] According to a refinement, the screw element has a first threaded region that interacts with a threaded portion in the clamping wedge, and a second threaded region that interacts with a threaded portion in the milling tool body. Here, a particularly simple actuation of the clamping wedge by the screw element can be achieved.
[0015] According to a refinement, the first threaded area and the second threaded area of the screw element differ from each other in the direction of rotation of the thread and / or the pitch. In this case, the movement of the clamping wedge for fastening and releasing the interchangeable cutting insert is provided in a particularly simple and reliable manner.
[0016] According to a refinement, the third support member is in each case laterally supported on the first support member and the second support member. In this case, on the one hand, the third support member can be particularly easily replaced, and on the other hand, a particularly compact and sturdy fastening of the cutting insert is achieved.
[0017] According to a refinement, the third fastening element is arranged obliquely so that the third support member is tensioned in the direction of the first support member and in the direction of the second support member. In this case, good accessibility of the third fastening element is provided, and the cutting insert is supported in a particularly strong and reliable manner.
[0018] According to one refinement, a first set of first, second and third support members and at least one further set of first, second and third support members different from the first set are provided, so that the seat is adapted to receive different cutting inserts. For example, all support members of the further set herein may be different from the corresponding support members of the first set, or, for example, only one or two of the support members may be different from the corresponding support members of the first set. When a first set of support members and at least one further set of support members are provided, a changeover to different types of interchangeable cutting inserts can be performed in a particularly simple and quick manner.
[0019] According to a development, a plurality of tool seats are provided on the second end, which are distributed over the circumference of the milling tool body for receiving interchangeable cutting inserts. In this case, the tool seats can in particular all be designed in the same way. The tool seats can preferably be designed to receive the same cutting inserts and have the same orientation. In this case, a particularly effective subtractive machining process can be achieved.
[0020] When the first supporting member and the second supporting member have the same design, a particularly simple and user-friendly operation is provided and the production costs can be kept low.
[0021] According to an improvement, the cutter seat on the milling tool body is produced completely by rolling from a machining direction. In this case, particularly cost-effective production can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Further advantages and advantageous features of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
[0023] In the attached picture:
[0024] Figure 1 : shows a perspective view of a milling tool having a plurality of interchangeable cutting inserts, which are fastened to corresponding reversing plates;
[0025] Figure 2 : Shows Figure 1 A schematic end view of a milling tool;
[0026] Figure 3 : Shows Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional side view of a milling tool;
[0027] Figure 4 : shows an enlarged detailed illustration in the area of a seat on a milling cutter body, wherein no interchangeable cutting insert is fastened to the milling cutter body;
[0028] Figure 5 : shows the corresponding Figure 4 , but without the third support member;
[0029] Figure 6 : shows the corresponding Figure 4 and Figure 5 , in which only the first and second support members are still arranged in the region of the tool seat;
[0030] Figure 7 : shows a schematic perspective detail in the region of the tool seat without support members, fastening means, cutting insert and clamping wedge;
[0031] Figure 8 : A schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the first, second and third supporting members in this embodiment;
[0032] Fig. 9 : shows a schematic side view in the region of a seat without a cutting insert fastened thereto, the side view having a substantially radial viewing direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the milling tool;
[0033] Fig.10 : shows a schematic front view in the region of a seat without a cutting insert fastened thereto, with a substantially axial viewing direction with respect to the axis of rotation of the milling tool;
[0034] Fig.11 : A schematic diagram showing another set of first, second and third support members for adapting the seat to another cutting insert; and
[0035] Fig.12 : A schematic diagram showing another set of first, second and third support members for adapting the seat to another cutting insert. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The following will refer to the attached Figures 1 to 10 Embodiments of the milling tool are described in more detail.
[0037] As especially in Figures 1 to 3 As can be seen in the figure, the milling tool 100 is configured as a so-called spindle mount in the illustrated embodiment and has a corresponding interface for connecting to a drive of a machine tool. Although this design embodiment is shown as a spindle mount in the specific exemplary embodiment, the milling tool 100 can also be equipped with any other conventional interface.
[0038] The milling tool 100 has a milling tool body 10, which can be made of tool steel, for example. The milling tool body 10 has a first end 11 and a free second end 12, the first end being provided with an interface 11a for connecting to a drive of a machine tool. A plurality of tool seats 13 for receiving interchangeable cutting inserts 1 are formed on the free second end 12 of the milling tool body 10.
[0039] Although a total of twelve such seats 13 are provided in the specifically shown exemplary embodiment, depending on the intended use, fewer than twelve seats 13 or more than twelve seats 13 may also be provided. The seats 13 are arranged on the free second end 12 to be distributed over the outer circumference of the milling tool body 10 so that the cutting inserts 1 arranged on the free second end protrude from the milling tool body 10 in the axial direction of the axis of rotation Z of the milling tool 100 and in the radial direction in each case via the active cutting edge region. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the seats 13 are arranged to be distributed substantially evenly over the circumference and are designed to receive identical cutting inserts 1.
[0040] A chip groove 14 for discharging chips generated during operation of the milling tool 100 is formed near the seat 13 in the milling tool body 10 .
[0041] As especially in Figure 4As can be seen in the enlarged detailed illustration in the area of the seat 13 in the milling tool body 10, a first support member 21 for supporting the first side of the cutting insert 1 on the milling tool body 10 is arranged in the area of the seat 13. The first support member 21 is reversibly fastened to the milling tool body 10 by means of a first fastening element 21a. In this exemplary embodiment, the first fastening element 21a is formed as a screw, which passes through a through hole in the first support member 21 by means of a threaded portion and engages in a through hole formed in the milling tool body 10 and in the milling tool body 10. Figure 7 21a. The head of the first fastening element 21a is supported here on the inner wall of the through hole of the first support member 21 in order to tighten the latter relative to the milling tool body 10. The head of the first fastening element 21a is provided with an engagement area for a screw driving tool, by means of which the first fastening element 21a can be actuated. Although a specific design embodiment of the engagement area is shown by way of example, the engagement area can also be designed in other ways, for example in the form of a hexagonal socket, a cross head, etc.
[0042] Furthermore, a second support member 22 for supporting a second side surface of the cutting insert 1 which is different from the first side surface is provided on the milling tool body 10 in the region of the seat 13. The second support member 22 is reversibly fastened to the milling tool body 10 by means of a second fastening element 22a. In this exemplary embodiment, the second fastening element 22a is also formed as a screw which passes through a through hole in the second support member 22 by means of a threaded portion and engages in a through hole formed in the milling tool body 10 and in the milling tool body 10. Figure 7 2a. The head of the second fastening element 22a is supported here on the inner wall of the through hole in the second support member 22 in order to tension the latter relative to the milling tool body 10. The head of the second fastening element 22a is provided with an engagement area for a screw driving tool, by means of which the second fastening element 22a can be actuated. In this embodiment, the engagement area of the second fastening element 22a has the same design as the engagement area of the first fastening element 21a, so that the same screw driving tool can be used for their actuation.
[0043] Furthermore, a third support member 23 for supporting the rear side of the cutting insert 1 is provided on the milling tool body 10 in the region of the seat 13. The third support member 23 is reversibly fastened to the milling tool body 10 by means of a third fastening element 23a. In this exemplary embodiment, the third fastening element 23a is also formed as a screw, which passes through a through hole in the third support member 23 by means of a threaded portion and engages in a screw thread formed in the milling tool body 10 and in the milling tool body 10. Figure 721a and the second fastening element 22a. The third fastening element 23a is provided with an engagement area for a screw-driving tool, by means of which the third fastening element 23a can be actuated. In this embodiment, the engagement area of the third fastening element 23a has the same design as the engagement area of the first fastening element 21a and the engagement area of the second fastening element 22a, so that in each case the same screw-driving tool can be used for their actuation.
[0044] In this exemplary embodiment, the third support member 23 is designed as a shim, the shape of which is adapted to the shape of the cutting insert 1, so that it supports the cutting insert on the seat 13 in a substantially completely planar manner. Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the third support member 23 in a fastened state is supported on the first support member 21 and the second support member 22. Here, the threaded hole 23b for the third fastening element 23a is designed to be slightly inclined relative to the bearing surface of the third support member 23, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the third fastening element 23a is tightened, the third support member 23 is tensioned in the direction of the first support member 21 and the direction of the second support member 22. In addition, the embodiment of the inclined design of the threaded hole 23b enables easy access to the engagement area of the third fastening element 23a for its activation.
[0045] In this embodiment, the first support member 21 and the second support member 22 have the same design, which additionally facilitates handling and has a positive effect on production costs.
[0046] As especially in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig. 9As can be seen in the figure, in the region of the tool seat 13 a clamping wedge 24 is arranged, which is designed to fix the cutting insert 1 on the tool seat 13. The clamping wedge 24 is guided in a recess 25 on the milling tool body 10 and can be actuated by means of a screw element 24a, by means of which the clamping wedge 24 is fastened to the milling tool body 10. The clamping wedge 24 has a hole as a threaded portion, which is provided with an internal thread and in which the upper shank of the screw element 24a provided with a first threaded region formed as a corresponding external thread is received. The threaded hole in the milling tool body 10 is formed as a threaded portion, in which the lower shank of the screw element 24a engages via a second threaded region formed as a corresponding external thread. In order to obtain a movement of the clamping wedge 24 along the longitudinal axis of the screw element 24a when the screw element 24a is actuated, the first threaded area and the second threaded area of the screw element 24a are embodied with different thread rotation directions, i.e. one of the two threaded areas is designed as a left-hand thread and the other is designed as a right-hand thread. The same applies to the threaded sections in the clamping wedge 24 and in the milling tool body 10, which in each case interact with the first threaded area and the second threaded area.
[0047] The guide surface for the clamping wedge 24 in the gap 25 extends at a certain angle relative to the upper side of the third support member 23, so that the clamping wedge 24 approaches the third support member 23 and can fix the cutting insert 1 in this way when the screw element 24a is tightened. The fixing of the cutting insert 1 can be performed in a force-fitting manner, for example, only by applying a clamping force on the upper side of the cutting insert 1, or the surface of the clamping wedge 24 facing the cutting insert 1 can also interact with the upper side of the cutting insert 1 in a form-fitting manner.
[0048] In this embodiment, the screw element 24a for actuating the clamping wedge 24 is provided with an engagement region for a screw-driving tool, which enables actuation with a screw-driving tool that can also be used for the fastening elements 21a, 22a and 23a, thereby enabling particularly comfortable and simple operation.
[0049] Although in the concrete embodiment the movement of the clamping wedge 24 along the longitudinal axis of the screw element 24a is provided by different rotational directions of the first and second threaded regions, it is also possible, for example, for the first and second threaded regions to have the same rotational direction but different thread pitches.
[0050] like Fig.11As shown, in this embodiment, at least another set of first support members 21', second support members 22' and third support members 23' is provided, which is different from the above-mentioned first set of first support members 21, second support members 22 and third support members 23. In this way, the milling tool can be converted in a very simple and fast way to receive cutting inserts 1 with different shapes and / or sizes.
[0051] Fig.12 A further set of first support members 21 ″, second support members 22 ″ and third support members 23 ″ is provided, which is different from the above-mentioned set of first, second and third support members. Fig.12 The set, schematically shown in FIG. , is designed such that the seat is adapted to receive an interchangeable cutting insert having a generally octagonal shape.
[0052] As especially in Figure 7 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the seat 13 in the milling tool body 10 has a shape which is produced entirely by hobbing from one direction.
Claims
1. A milling tool (100), comprising a milling tool body (10), The milling tool body (10) has a first end (11) having an interface for connecting to a tool receptacle near a machine tool and a free second end (12) having at least one seat (13) for receiving an interchangeable cutting insert (1). in, Arranged on the knife seat (13): a first support member (21) for supporting a first side surface of the cutting insert (1), the first support member (21) being flipably fastened to the milling tool body (10) by means of a first fastening element (21a), a second support member (22) for supporting a second side surface of the cutting insert (1), the second support member (22) being flipably fastened to the milling tool body (10) by means of a second fastening element (22a), and A third support member (23) for supporting the underside of the cutting insert (1), the third support member (23) being flipably fastened to the milling tool body (10) by means of a third fastening element (23a).
2. The milling tool according to claim 1, wherein: The first, second and third fastening elements (21, 22, 23) are in each case formed as screws.
3. The milling tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The first, second and third fastening elements (21, 22, 23) are in each case formed with an engagement region for a screw-driving tool and are designed to engage with the same screw-driving tool.
4. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: A clamping wedge (24) for exerting a clamping force on the upper side of the cutting insert (1) is arranged in the region of the seat.
5. The milling cutter according to claim 4, wherein: The clamping wedge (24) is connected to the milling tool body (10) by means of a screw element (24a).
6. The milling cutter according to claim 5, wherein: The screw element (24a) has a first threaded region that interacts with a threaded portion in the clamping wedge (24), and a second threaded region that interacts with a threaded portion in the milling tool body (10).
7. The milling tool according to claim 6, wherein: The first threaded region and the second threaded region of the screw element (24a) differ from each other in the direction of rotation and / or the pitch of the thread.
8. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The third support member (23) is laterally supported on both the first support member (21) and the second support member (22).
9. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The third fastening element (23a) is arranged obliquely so that the third support member (23) is tensioned in the direction of the first support member (21) and in the direction of the second support member (22).
10. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: A first group of first support members (21), second support members (22) and third support members (23) and at least another group of first support members (21'), second support members (22') and third support members (23') different from the first group are provided, so that the tool seat (13) is suitable for receiving different cutting inserts.
11. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: A plurality of tool seats (13) are arranged on the second end (12), and the plurality of tool seats are distributed on the circumference of the milling tool body (10) and are used to receive interchangeable cutting inserts (1).
12. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The first support member (21) and the second support member (22) have the same design.
13. A milling tool according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The tool seat (13) on the milling tool body (10) is completely produced by hobbing from one machining direction.