Box type three-motor mini-tiller and electric control system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a box type three-motor mini-tiller which comprises a chassis which is of a split structure and is provided with a battery box and a motor box. The rack adopts a channel steel design; the three motors independently control advancing and differential steering of the wheels and speed adjustment and directional communication maintenance of the rotary blades respectively. The two wheels are respectively driven by two motors; the wheels are connected in a half-shaft mode, a half shaft is supported through a bearing chamber, and the half shaft is matched with an output shaft of the motor and then matched with wheel hubs to transmit power. The motor is large in starting torque, high in overload capacity and capable of adapting to sudden change of working loads; the speed regulation range is wide, the torque control characteristic is good, the speed is regulated through keys, and the operation is simple; the concentricity of the motor is good, vibration caused by combustion pulse of a crank-link mechanism of a fuel engine and mixed gas in a cylinder is avoided, and vibration of the mini-tiller is greatly reduced; and electric energy is used as a power source, so that no pollution, zero emission and high energy utilization rate are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of facility agriculture, and in particular relates to a box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine and an electric control system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the mountainous areas in the north and the hilly areas in the south of my country, large and medium-sized agricultural machinery is not suitable for large-scale operations for cultivated land with thin arable layers, scattered distribution and an area of ​​less than 0.8 to 1.3 hectares. With the adjustment of my country's agricultural industrial structure, the number of greenhouses for growing fruits, vegetables, etc. has increased, while the planting of traditional grains and cash crops has decreased. Large and medium-sized agricultural machinery cannot enter greenhouses and other facilities for farming. Therefore, in order to make up for the shortage of large and medium-sized agricultural machinery, it is urgent to study small agricultural machinery to reduce labor intensity, save energy resources, and improve farming efficiency.

[0003] Micro-tillage machines can be used for farming in the above-mentioned small and scattered fields and greenhouses, which improves the level of mechanization. After entering the Chinese market around 2001, with the improvement and development of technology, it is widely used in small and medium-sized fields in mountainous and hilly areas, and in the cultivation of economic crops such as tobacco fields and tea gardens due to its low price, flexibility, lightness, and multi-function. In 2015, the market demand for micro-tillage machines exceeded 1 million units. The use and ownership of micro-tillage machines are also large. It is estimated that if 10% of farmers in my country own micro-tillage machines, the ownership will exceed 10 million units.

[0004] However, traditional fuel-powered micro-tillage machines have some shortcomings such as controllability, vibration, and environmental pollution, which limit their further development.

[0005] In terms of maneuverability, on the one hand, it takes a certain amount of strength to operate a micro-tillage machine, and the operator needs to consume a lot of physical strength to cultivate with a micro-tillage machine. On the other hand, the vibration of the micro-tillage machine will affect the operator's health, and the noise generated by the vibration will also cause discomfort to the operator, resulting in low operating efficiency and poor safety.

[0006] In terms of environmental protection, the exhaust gas emitted by fuel tillers during operation will cause serious air pollution, especially in greenhouses, and will also cause economic losses. my country's agricultural diesel engine emission standards have been upgraded to "National III", which has prompted agricultural machinery companies to transform towards green, and electric agricultural machinery has quietly emerged.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to design a novel box-type electric micro-tillage machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine, which includes: a chassis, a frame, three motors, and two wheels; The chassis adopts a split structure, and is respectively provided with a battery box and a motor box for bearing large traction force; the independently arranged battery box and motor box are more reasonably arranged, have higher strength, and can bear greater traction force; a special wire box avoids the wires being exposed, and the battery box that is easy to disassemble and assemble enables the battery to be fully utilized during the slack season.

[0009] The frame is designed with channel steel; The three motors independently control the forward movement of the wheels, differential steering and speed adjustment of the rotary blade; the three motors independently control the forward movement of the wheels, differential steering and speed adjustment of the rotary blade, and the above controls are all realized by buttons; the operating buttons are centrally arranged on the control panel at the armrest, making the operation simple; a control program is designed, and the program control makes the action of the micro-tiller meet the safety operation requirements, thereby improving the safety performance of the box-type micro-tiller.

[0010] The two wheels are driven by two motors respectively; the wheels are connected by a half-axle, and the half-axle is supported by the bearing chamber. The half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft, and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power. In terms of chassis, the traditional integrated structure is changed to a split structure, and the battery box and the motor box are respectively set, which can withstand greater traction; the frame adopts a channel steel design to reduce the overall mass and enhance the stability and operability of the vehicle body; it is equipped with three motors, the two wheels are driven by two motors respectively, and the rotary tiller is driven by one motor; the three motors independently control the forward movement of the wheels, differential steering and speed adjustment of the rotary tiller, and the above control is achieved through buttons; the operation buttons are concentrated on the control panel at the armrest, making the operation simple; an adaptive clutch is adopted, the wheel part is connected by a half-axle, and the half-axle is supported by the bearing chamber. The half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft, and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power. The above design not only improves the transmission efficiency, but also reduces energy loss.

[0011] Furthermore, the frame includes transverse channel steel and longitudinal channel steel, the transverse channel steel is used to support the battery box and the motor box; the longitudinal channel steel is used to support the motor bracket and the components on the fixed chassis.

[0012] Furthermore, the control mode of the motor is realized by buttons, and the buttons are centrally arranged on a control panel at the armrest.

[0013] Furthermore, the box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine also includes a transmission reduction mechanism of the machine, and the transmission reduction mechanism adopts a worm gear mechanism; the output shaft speed and rated speed of the box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine during operation obtain the total transmission ratio of the box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine: ; Where: is the rated speed of the motor, take , is the output shaft speed of the machine, ,in is the forward speed of the machine when it is working, , is the rolling radius of the rotary tiller blade of the machine; Slow gear: ; Mid-Range: ; Fast gear: ; The speed of the wheels and rotary tiller can be adjusted in three gears: fast, medium and slow.

[0014] Furthermore, the box-type three-motor micro-tiller also includes an electromagnetic clutch, which is a clutch that changes the contact state by electromagnetic force; the electromagnetic clutch is used to control the start, reversing, speed regulation, and braking of the machine. The electromagnetic clutch has a simple structure, can realize long-distance operation, has low control energy, can transmit large torque, has fast response, is easy to assemble and maintain, and has strong durability. The electromagnetic clutch can be used to control the start, reversing, speed regulation, and braking of the machine, and is widely used in various processing machine tools and mechanical transmission systems. The electromagnetic clutch is used to change the transmission system of the electric micro-tiller to electric transmission control, and the original scattered clutch, shift, brake and other joysticks that require a certain amount of force to operate are replaced by centralized, simple and easy-to-operate buttons, and accidents caused by misoperation are avoided by designing the control program, which can improve the safety and ease of operation of the electric micro-tiller.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention also proposes an electronic control system for a box-type three-motor micro-tiller, which adopts the above-mentioned box-type three-motor micro-tiller, and the system includes a mechanical part and an electrical control part; the mechanical part is responsible for the power output of the electric micro-tiller; the electrical control part is responsible for the energy control and distribution of the electric micro-tiller; the wheel hub and the rotary tiller are independently controlled by different motors, and the central management controller is connected to the lithium battery pack, the travel drive motor controller and the rotary tiller drive motor controller to control the release of electric energy of the lithium battery pack; the travel drive motor controller controls the power output of the hub motor by controlling the torque, speed and direction of the hub motor.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: (1) The box-type electric micro-tiller is driven by an electric motor. Compared with the fuel micro-tiller, it has a large starting torque and strong overload capacity, and can adapt to sudden changes in working load; it has a wide speed regulation range, good electromagnetic torque control characteristics, and can be adjusted by knob, which is easy to operate; the motor has good concentricity, and there is no vibration caused by the crank-connecting rod mechanism of the fuel engine and the combustion pulse of the mixture in the cylinder, which greatly reduces the vibration of the micro-tiller; using electric energy as the power source, it achieves pollution-free, zero emission, and high energy utilization. Electric micro-tillers are economical, environmentally friendly, and easy to operate, especially suitable for working in greenhouses.

[0017] (2) The chassis adopts a split structure design, with independent battery boxes and motor boxes, which can withstand greater traction; the frame adopts a channel steel design, which reduces the overall mass and significantly enhances the stability and operability of the vehicle body; three motors are installed, and the three motors independently control the forward movement of the wheels, differential steering, and speed adjustment of the rotary blade; the above controls are all achieved through buttons; the operating buttons are concentrated on the control panel at the armrest, making operation simple; the wheel part adopts a half-axle connection, with the half-axle supported by the bearing chamber, and the half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft, and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention has the following accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The overall structure diagram of the box-type micro-tillage machine provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A structural diagram of the chassis of the box-type micro-tillage machine provided by the present invention; FIG3 is a structural diagram of the wheel portion of the box-type micro-tillage machine provided by the present invention; FIG. 4 is a logic control diagram of the box-type micro-tillage machine provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following is combined with Figure 1-4 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the chassis adopts a split structure design, with independent battery boxes and motor boxes, which can withstand greater traction; the frame adopts a channel steel design, which reduces the overall mass and significantly enhances the stability and operability of the vehicle body; three motors are set, and the three motors independently control the forward movement of the wheels, differential steering and speed adjustment of the rotary blade; the above controls are all achieved through buttons; the operation buttons are concentrated on the control panel at the armrest, making the operation easy; the wheel part adopts a half-axle connection, with the half-axle supported by the bearing chamber, the half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft, and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power.

[0021] like Figure 2As shown, the independently arranged battery box and motor box of the present invention are more reasonably arranged, have higher strength, and can withstand greater traction; the special wire box avoids the wires being exposed, and the battery box that is easy to disassemble and assemble enables the batteries to be fully utilized during the slack season in farming, thus avoiding the waste of idle resources.

[0022] The frame of the present invention adopts channel steel material, including: transverse channel steel and longitudinal channel steel, the transverse channel steel is used to support the battery box and the motor box; the longitudinal channel steel is used to support the motor bracket and various components on the fixed chassis, thereby reducing the weight of the machine body and improving the stability and operability of the micro-tillage machine.

[0023] In the present invention, the motor control link includes: a mechanical part and an electrical control part; the mechanical part is responsible for the power output of the electric micro-tiller, and the electrical control part is responsible for the energy control and distribution of the electric micro-tiller. The wheel hub and the rotary tiller are independently controlled by different motors, and the central management controller is connected to the lithium battery pack, the travel drive motor controller and the rotary tiller drive motor controller to control the release of electric energy of the lithium battery pack. The travel drive motor controller controls the power output of the wheel hub motor by controlling the torque, speed and direction of the wheel hub motor.

[0024] The transmission reduction mechanism of the machine adopts a worm gear mechanism, which can obtain a larger transmission ratio, higher transmission efficiency, longer service life and higher working reliability. The total transmission ratio of the machine can be obtained according to the output shaft speed of the machine and the rated speed of the motor: ; Where: is the rated speed of the motor, take , is the output shaft speed of the machine, ,in is the forward speed of the machine when it is working, , is the rolling radius of the rotary tiller blade of the machine.

[0025] Slow gear: ; Mid-Range: ; Fast gear: ; The speed of the wheels and rotary tiller can be adjusted in three gears: fast, medium and slow.

[0026] Adopting an adapted electromagnetic clutch, the characteristic of which is that the electromagnetic clutch is a clutch that changes the contact state by electromagnetic force, has a simple structure, can realize remote control, has low control energy, can transmit large torque, has fast response, is easy to assemble and maintain, and has strong durability. The electromagnetic clutch can be used to control the start, reversing, speed regulation, and braking of the machine, and is widely used in various processing machine tools and mechanical transmission systems.

[0027] The present invention uses an electromagnetic clutch to change the transmission system of the electric micro-tillage machine into an electric transmission control, and replaces the original scattered clutch, shift, brake and other joysticks that require a certain amount of force to operate with centralized and simple buttons. Accidents caused by misoperation are avoided by designing the control program, so that the safety and ease of operation of the electric micro-tillage machine can be improved.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the wheel part adopts a half-axle connection, the half-axle is supported by the bearing chamber, the half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft, and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power. The above design not only improves the transmission efficiency, but also reduces energy loss.

[0029] Working principle: The tiller is mainly composed of working parts, frame, transmission system and power. The working parts are generally curved blades, which are fixed on the blade shaft according to a certain rule. When the tiller is working, the blade shaft is driven to rotate by the power output shaft of the engine through the transmission, and the blade rotates with the blade shaft to cut the soil from top to bottom from the ground; the cut soil blocks are thrown backwards and collide with the fender, further broken and then fall to the ground, achieving the purpose of loosening and crushing the soil. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the new box-type micro-tillage machine adopts a split structure, with a battery box and a motor box respectively, which can withstand greater traction; the frame adopts a channel steel design to reduce the overall mass, enhance the stability and operability of the body; it is equipped with three motors, which independently control the forward movement of the wheels, differential steering and speed adjustment of the rotary blade, and the above controls are all achieved through buttons; the operating buttons are concentrated on the control panel at the armrest, making the operation simple; the wheel part adopts a half-axle connection, and the half-axle is supported by the bearing chamber. The half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power. Figure 4 As shown, when the electric micro-tiller is not performing rotary tillage operations, the central management controller will only provide electrical energy to the travel drive motor to meet the energy required for the electric micro-tiller to move straight, turn, and other actions. When the electric micro-tiller is performing rotary tillage operations, it is necessary to distribute electrical energy to the travel drive motor and the rotary blade drive motor at the same time. The function of the travel drive motor is to provide power for its own travel; the rotary blade drive motor transmits power to the rotary blade through a worm gear transmission.

[0030] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field can make various changes and deformations without departing from the essence and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also belong to the scope of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention should be limited by the claims.

[0031] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

Claims

1. A box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine, characterized in that: The box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine comprises: a chassis, a frame, three motors, and two wheels; The chassis adopts a split structure, and is provided with a battery box and a motor box respectively, so as to bear a large traction force; The frame is designed with channel steel; The three motors independently control the forward movement of the wheels, the differential steering, and the speed adjustment, directional communication and maintenance of the rotary blades; The two wheels are driven by two motors respectively; the wheels are connected in a half-axle manner, the half-axle is supported by a bearing chamber, the half-axle cooperates with the motor output shaft, and then cooperates with the wheel hub to transmit power.

2. A box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The frame includes transverse channel steel and longitudinal channel steel. The transverse channel steel is used to support the battery box and the motor box; the longitudinal channel steel is used to support the motor bracket and the components on the fixed chassis.

3. A box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The control mode of the motor is realized by buttons, and the buttons are centrally arranged on a control panel at the armrest.

4. A box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine also includes a transmission reduction mechanism of the machine, and the transmission reduction mechanism adopts a worm gear mechanism; the output shaft speed and the rated speed of the box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine during operation obtain the total transmission ratio of the box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine: ; Where: is the rated speed of the motor, take , is the output shaft speed of the machine, ,in is the forward speed of the machine when it is working, , is the rolling radius of the rotary tiller blade of the machine; Slow gear: ; Mid-Range: ; Fast gear: ; The speed of the wheels and rotary tiller can be adjusted in three gears: fast, medium and slow.

5. A box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine also includes an electromagnetic clutch, which is a clutch that changes the contact state by electromagnetic force; the electromagnetic clutch is used to control the starting, reversing, speed regulation and braking of the machine.

6. An electric control system for a box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine, using a box-type three-motor micro-tillage machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The system includes a mechanical part and an electrical control part; the mechanical part is responsible for the power output of the electric micro-tiller; the electrical control part is responsible for the energy control and distribution of the electric micro-tiller; the wheel hub and the rotary tiller are independently controlled by different motors, and the central management controller is connected to the lithium battery pack, the travel drive motor controller and the rotary tiller drive motor controller to control the release of electrical energy from the lithium battery pack; the travel drive motor controller controls the power output of the hub motor by controlling the torque, speed and direction of the hub motor.

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