Auxiliary pollination method for male parent and female parent with large height difference

Abstract

The invention discloses an auxiliary pollination method for male parents and female parents with large height difference, which is used for pollination for hybridization when the height difference between the male parents and the female parents is large, and comprises the following steps: planting male parent rows and female parent rows in parallel at intervals according to a ratio of 1: 3, the row width is 1.2-1.3 m, a walking channel is arranged between the male parent rows and the female parent rows, and the walking channel is communicated with the male parent rows and the female parent rows; an auxiliary pollination tool is used in the walking channel and comprises a pollination channel, an inlet of the pollination channel corresponds to a male parent row, an outlet of the pollination channel corresponds to a female parent row, and an instrument for guiding airflow from the inlet to the outlet is arranged in the pollination channel, so that the tool sucks male parent pollen through the inlet and conveys the pollen to female parents through the pollination channel and the outlet. Pollination is assisted by air flow transmission across the height difference, and the inlet and the outlet are trumpet-shaped. In the invention, the tool is used for sucking pollen of the male parent through airflow in the walking process and guiding the pollen to the female parent, so that the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is overcome, and the pollination rate is improved under the condition that the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is relatively large.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of plant assisted pollination, and in particular relates to a method for pollination breeding of plants having a large height difference between a male parent and a target plant. Background Art

[0002] Artificial pollination of plants is a method of assisting plant reproduction. The purpose is to increase the fruit set rate of plants, especially for some plants that are difficult to pollinate naturally, such as plants growing in special environments, plants with obstructed pollen transmission, or dioecious plants. Applicable plants include: 1. Plants with poor self-pollination: Although some plants have bisexual flowers, self-pollination is not effective, and artificial assistance is needed to transfer pollen to the pistil. 2. Dioecious plants: There are only female and male plants, and pollen needs to be collected from the male plant and pollinated on the stigma of the female plant. 3. Plants in special environments: For example, plants grown in greenhouses may require artificial pollination due to the lack of natural wind, insects and other pollination media.

[0003] When the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is large, the operation becomes more difficult. 1. Difficult to reach: If the height difference is very large, you may need to use ladders, climbing equipment and other tools to reach the male parent to collect pollen or pollinate the female parent, which not only increases the complexity of the operation, but also may bring safety risks. 2. Reduced accuracy: When operating at a height, the stability of the hand may be affected, making it difficult to accurately apply pollen to the stigma of the female parent, resulting in reduced pollination accuracy. In addition, pollen propagation may result in scattering and loss. In the process of collecting pollen from the male parent and transferring it to the female parent, due to the large height difference, pollen may float and scatter in the air, causing pollen loss, thereby reducing the success rate of pollination. Moreover, if there is wind blowing, pollen at a high altitude is more likely to be affected by the wind direction and deviate from the target, making it difficult to accurately fall on the stigma of the female parent.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the pollination rate when there is a large height difference between the male and female parents is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] A main purpose of the present invention is to provide an auxiliary pollination method with a large height difference between a male parent and a female parent, which can improve the pollination rate when there is a large height difference between the male parent and the female parent.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] As one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an auxiliary pollination method for hybridization when the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is large, comprising: the male parent row and the female parent row are planted side by side at a ratio of one to three, the row width is 1.2-1.3 meters, and there is a walking channel between the male parent row and the female parent row. An auxiliary pollination tool is used in the walking channel, the tool comprises a pollination channel, the inlet of the pollination channel corresponds to the male parent row, and the outlet of the pollination channel corresponds to the female parent row. A device for guiding airflow from the inlet to the outlet is provided in the pollination channel, so that the tool absorbs the male parent pollen through the inlet and transports it to the female parent through the pollination channel and the outlet, and the height difference is crossed by airflow transmission to assist pollination, and the inlet and the outlet are both trumpet-shaped.

[0008] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the tool performs pollination while walking along the walking channel.

[0009] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the travel speed of the tool is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 1.5 m / s-2.0 m / s, and the width of the pollination channel is 1.5 meters.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the inlet diameter is 30-40 cm, and the outlet diameter is 40-50 cm.

[0011] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary pollination operation is performed during the male parent's peak flowering period, when there is no rainy weather and the pollen activity is strong.

[0012] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the assisted pollination operation time is 8:00 to 10:00 in the morning and 16:00 to 18:00 in the afternoon, the relative humidity is about 70%, the temperature is between 22-30°C, and the assisted pollination is carried out in the forward direction, once every other day, for 5 to 6 times in succession.

[0013] As in one embodiment of the present invention, female plant rows and walking channels are provided on both sides of the male plant row. During assisted pollination, operations are performed on both sides in sequence. The height of the male plant in the male plant row is lower than the height of the female plant in the female plant row, and the height difference is 30cm-150cm.

[0014] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the outlet is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female spike of the mother row.

[0015] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the height difference between the male flowers in the male parent row and the female flowers in the female parent row is 47-56 cm, the air humidity is 68.4%-72.9%, the temperature is 26.6°C-27.6°C, the walking speed of the tool is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 1.0-3.0 m / s, and the outlet position is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female ear in the female parent row.

[0016] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the height difference between the male flowers in the male parent row and the female flowers in the female parent row is 103-114 cm, the air humidity is 60%-80%, the temperature is 25°C-28°C, the walking speed of the tool is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 1.0 m / s-3.0 m / s, and the exit position is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female ear in the female parent row.

[0017] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the advantages and positive effects of the auxiliary pollination method with a large height difference between the male parent and the female parent of the present invention are:

[0018] In the present invention, a tool is used to absorb pollen from the male parent through airflow during walking and guide it to the female parent, thereby overcoming the height difference between the male parent and the female parent, thereby improving the pollination rate when there is a large height difference between the male parent and the female parent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained like these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram from the first perspective of an embodiment of an auxiliary pollination method for a male parent and a female parent with a large height difference according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram from the second perspective of an embodiment of an auxiliary pollination method for a male parent and a female parent with a large height difference according to the present invention.

[0022] The reference numerals are described as follows:

[0023] 1. Planting surface; 2. Male row; 3. Female row; 4. Tools; 5. Entrance; 6. Exit; 7 / 8. Pollination channel; 9. Walking channel; A. Tool walking direction; B. Tool airflow spraying direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0025] In the following description of different examples of the present invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present invention and in which different exemplary structures, systems and steps that can implement multiple aspects of the present invention are shown by way of example. It should be understood that other specific schemes of components, structures, exemplary devices, systems and steps can be used, and structural and functional modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Moreover, although the terms "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "side", etc. may be used in this specification to describe different exemplary features and elements of the present invention, these terms are used herein only for convenience, such as the direction of the examples described in the accompanying drawings. Nothing in this specification should be construed as requiring a specific three-dimensional orientation of the structure to fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram from the first perspective of an embodiment of an auxiliary pollination method in which the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is relatively large according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram from the second perspective of an embodiment of an auxiliary pollination method for a male parent and a female parent with a large height difference according to the present invention.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the auxiliary pollination method of the present invention with a large height difference between the male and female parents includes a male parent row 2 and a female parent row 3, and the male parent row 2 and the female parent row 3 are planted on a planting surface 1, which is usually the ground and can be an artificial cultivation base surface when planted indoors.

[0029] Among them, the male parent row 2 and the female parent row 3 are arranged side by side and planted at an interval of one to three, that is, three rows of female parent rows 3 are planted on both sides of each male parent row 2, and the row width is 1.2-1.3 meters. There is a walking channel 9 between the male parent row 2 and the female parent row 3, and an auxiliary pollination 8 tool 4 is used in the walking channel 9.

[0030] The tool 4 includes pollination channels 7 and 8, the inlet 5 of the pollination channel 7 corresponds to the male parent row 2, and the outlet 6 of the pollination channel 8 corresponds to the female parent row 3. The pollination channels 7 and 8 are provided with a device for directing the airflow from the inlet 5 to the outlet 6, which may be a fan, an axial flow fan, etc., so that the tool 4 absorbs the male parent pollen of the male parent row 2 through the inlet 5 and transports it to the female parent row 3 through the pollination channels 7, 8 and the outlet 6, and assists pollination by airflow transmission across the height difference, and the inlet 5 and the outlet 6 are both trumpet-shaped.

[0031] The pollination channels 7 and 8 can use telescopic tubes or auxiliary frame-supported hoses, so that the positions of the inlet 5 and the outlet 6 are adjustable to meet the needs of artificial pollination at different height differences. The tool 4 can be manually operated or set on a walking device to automatically control its walking position and speed as required.

[0032] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the tool 4 performs pollination while walking along the walking channel 9. Figure 2 As shown by arrow A.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the travel speed of the tool 4 is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channels 7 and 8 is 1.5 m / s-2.0 m / s, and the width of the pollination channel 9 is 1.5 meters. The air flow speed in the pollination channels 7 and 8 is controlled by the speed of the fan or axial flow fan. The spraying direction of the pollination channels 7 and 8 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown by arrow B.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the inlet 5 is 30-40 cm, and the diameter of the outlet 6 is 40-50 cm. Here, the diameter of the inlet 5 refers to the size of the maximum diameter of the trumpet shape, and the diameter of the outlet 6 also refers to the size of the maximum diameter of the trumpet shape.

[0035] Pollen speed has an important impact on pollination. When the pollen speed is fast, such as with the help of wind to spread quickly, the spread range of pollen can be expanded. This means that the chances of pollen contacting more maternal flowers can be increased, thereby increasing the success rate of pollination. On the contrary, slow pollen speed may cause pollen to spread only in a smaller range, limiting the possibility of pollination, especially for sparsely distributed plant populations. Fast-moving pollen can reach the maternal flowers faster, especially when the flowering period is short or environmental conditions change rapidly. Timely arrival is crucial for successful pollination. Slow pollen speed may miss the best pollination period of the maternal flowers, resulting in pollination failure. The receptivity of maternal flowers is usually time-limited. Once this period is missed, even if the pollen finally arrives, it will be difficult to achieve pollination.

[0036] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary pollination operation is performed during the male parent's flowering period, when there is no rainy weather and the pollen is highly active. This is a natural outdoor planting situation, and the planting surface 1 is the ground.

[0037] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the assisted pollination operation time is 8:00 to 10:00 in the morning and 16:00 to 18:00 in the afternoon, the relative humidity is about 70%, the temperature is between 22-30°C, and the assisted pollination is carried out in the forward direction, once every other day, for 5 to 6 times in succession.

[0038] As in one embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the male parent row 2 are provided with female parent rows 3 and walking channels 9. During assisted pollination, operations are performed on both sides in sequence. The height of the male parent plants in the male parent row 2 is lower than the height of the female parent plants in the female parent row 3, and the height difference is 30cm-150cm.

[0039] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the outlet 6 is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female spikes of the female row 3.

[0040] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the height difference between the male flowers in the male row 2 and the female flowers in the female row 3 is 47-56 cm, the local air humidity is 68.4%-72.9%, the temperature at that time is 26.6°C-27.6°C, the walking speed of the tool 4 is controlled to be 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel 9 is controlled to be 1.0-3.0 m / s, and the position of the outlet 6 is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female ear in the female row.

[0041] As in one embodiment of the present invention, the height difference between the male flowers in the male parent row 2 and the female flowers in the female parent row 3 is 103-114 cm, the local air humidity is 71.7%-76.2%, the temperature at that time is 27.7°C-28.7°C, the walking speed of the tool 4 is controlled to be 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channels 7 and 8 is controlled to be 1.0 m / s-3.0 m / s, and the position of the outlet 6 is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female ear in the female parent row 3.

[0042] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the advantages and positive effects of the auxiliary pollination method with a large height difference between the male parent and the female parent of the present invention are:

[0043] In the present invention, the tool 4 is used to absorb the pollen of the male parent through airflow during walking and guide it to the female parent, thereby overcoming the height difference between the male parent and the female parent, thereby improving the pollination rate when there is a large height difference between the male parent and the female parent.

[0044] The situation of specific embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0045] From 8:30 to 9:30 on June 13-23, 2022, in Yan Gao Village, Sibaoshan Sub-district Office, Zibo City, Shandong Province, the height difference between the male flower of the male parent and the female flower of the female parent was 47-56cm, the air humidity was 68.4%, 72.9%, 71.3%, 69.7%, and 72.4%, and the temperature was 26.6℃, 26.8℃, 27.3℃, 27.5℃, and 27.6℃, respectively. The test was conducted at a walking speed of 1.2m / s and an air flow speed of 1.0m / s, 1.5m / s, 2.0m / s, and 3.0m / s in the pollination channel. The exit position was 20-30cm higher than the top of the female spike. The pollination rates were significantly improved, which were 63.9%, 65.7%, 67.2%, and 62.6%, respectively, and the artificial pollination rate was 65.7%. Under the same conditions, the pollination rate of natural pollination was only 37.4%. The average pollination rate of artificial assisted devices was 64.8, which increased the pollination rate by 73.4% compared with natural pollination and the total proportion was 27.4% higher.

[0046] The situation of specific embodiment 2 is as follows:

[0047] From 8:30 to 9:30 on June 17-27, 2024, in Zhujia Village, Sibaoshan Street Office, Zibo City, Shandong Province, the height difference between the male flower of the male parent and the female flower of the female parent was 103-114cm, the air humidity was 73.4%, 71.7%, 73.6%, 75.5%, and 76.2%, respectively, and the temperature was 27.7℃, 27.9℃, 27.8℃, 28.6℃, and 28.7℃, respectively. The walking speed was 1.2m / s and the air flow speed in the pollination channel was 1.0m / s, 1.5m / s, 2.0m / s, and 3.0m / s. The exit position was 20-30cm higher than the top of the female spike. The pollination rate was significantly improved, which was 57.2%, 61.9%, 65.3%, and 60.4%, respectively, and the artificial pollination rate was 62.2%. Under the same conditions, the pollination rate of natural pollination was only 35.4%. The pollination rate of artificial assisted devices averaged 61.2%, which was 72.9% higher than that of CK, and the total proportion was 25.8% higher.

[0048] The test results show that, under the condition that the walking speed of the pollinator (tool 4) is 1.2m / s and the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 2.0m / s, the average number of anthers collected at the male parent compartment in the unit field of view is 3000-4000 anthers, and each anther has 2000-3000 pollens. In the agronomy of hybrid castor seed production, each stigma has at least 10 pollens according to the standard requirements. The test satisfies the minimum requirement of the pollen number for the pollination of hybrid castor seed production. The actual production operation comparison test using the artificial auxiliary pollination device for pollination and the manual operation pollination is arranged, and the pollination rates of the two pollination modes are measured to be 67.2% and 65.7% respectively, and the operation effects of the two are similar, which are all improved by about 70% compared with the natural pollination under the same conditions. It is shown that the auxiliary pollination method with a large height difference between the male parent and the female parent of the present invention can meet the actual production needs of hybrid castor seed production, has a very high market value and economy, and plays an irreplaceable role in promoting corresponding agricultural progress and the planting of crops.

[0049] Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific structures and processes shown in the above specific embodiments are only exemplary and not restrictive. Moreover, those skilled in the art can combine the various technical features shown above in various possible ways to form new technical solutions, or make other changes, which are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary pollination method for a male parent and a female parent with a large height difference, used for pollination of hybridization when the male parent and the female parent have a large height difference, characterized in that: include: The row of male parents and the row of female parents are planted side by side at a ratio of one to three, with a row width of 1.2-1.3 meters. There is a walking channel between the row of male parents and the row of female parents. An auxiliary pollination tool is used in the walking channel, and the tool includes a pollination channel. The entrance of the pollination channel corresponds to the row of male parents, and the exit of the pollination channel corresponds to the row of female parents. A device for guiding airflow from the entrance to the exit is provided in the pollination channel, so that the tool absorbs pollen of the male parent through the entrance and transports it to the female parent through the pollination channel and the exit, and assists pollination by airflow transmission across the height difference. Both the entrance and the exit are trumpet-shaped.

2. The assisted pollination method according to claim 1, wherein the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is large, characterized in that: The tool performs pollination operations while walking along the walking channel.

3. The assisted pollination method according to claim 2, wherein the height difference between the male parent and the female parent is large, is characterized in that: The walking speed of the tool is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 1.5 m / s-2.0 m / s, and the width of the pollination channel is 1.5 meters.

4. The assisted pollination method according to claim 3, wherein: The inlet diameter is 30-40 cm, and the outlet diameter is 40-50 cm.

5. The assisted pollination method according to claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary pollination operation is carried out during the male parent's peak flowering period, when there is no rainy weather and the pollen is highly active.

6. The assisted pollination method according to claim 5, wherein: The time for assisted pollination operation is from 8:00 to 10:00 in the morning and from 16:00 to 18:00 in the afternoon, with relative humidity of about 70% and temperature between 22-30°C. The assisted pollination is carried out in the forward direction, once every other day, for 5 to 6 times in succession.

7. The assisted pollination method according to claim 1, wherein: There are female parent rows and walking paths on both sides of the male parent row. During assisted pollination, operations are performed on both sides in turn. The height of the male parent plants in the male parent row is lower than the height of the female parent plants in the female parent row, and the height difference is 30cm-150cm.

8. The assisted pollination method according to claim 1, wherein: The outlet is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female spike of the female parent row.

9. The assisted pollination method according to claim 1, wherein: The height difference between the male flowers in the male parent row and the female flowers in the female parent row is 47-56 cm, the air humidity is 68.4%-72.9%, the temperature is 26.6°C-27.6°C, the walking speed of the tool is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 1.0-3.0 m / s, and the exit position is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female ear in the female parent row.

10. The assisted pollination method according to claim 1, wherein: The height difference between the male flowers in the male parent row and the female flowers in the female parent row is 103-114 cm, the air humidity is 60%-80%, the temperature is 25°C-28°C, the walking speed of the tool is 1.2 m / s, the air flow speed in the pollination channel is 1.0 m / s-3.0 m / s, and the exit position is 20-30 cm higher than the top of the female spike in the female parent row.

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