An oil-containing sludge multi-stage heat treatment and repair device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to an oil-containing sludge multi-stage heat treatment and repair device and method, belonging to the technical field of oil-containing sludge repair. The repair process includes screening treatment, compaction and dehydration, crushing treatment, sedimentation and stratification, multi-stage heat treatment, gas condensation, drying treatment, tail gas combustion, spray dust removal, and backfilling process. The device includes a solid treatment system, a sedimentation and stratification system, a first-stage heat treatment system, a second-stage heat treatment system, a gas condensation system, a tail gas treatment system, and a backfilling system. During the heat treatment of oil-containing sludge, the present invention separates the solid pollutants and liquid pollutants for treatment, and adopts a multi-stage heat treatment method according to the different temperatures required for the volatilization of different substances in the oil-containing sludge, improving the thermal energy utilization rate and repair efficiency. At the same time, the desorbed gas products are burned and then used in the heat treatment process, realizing the reuse of the desorbed products. The device has a reasonable structure, is easy to operate, has strong practicability, and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation, and mainly relates to a heat treatment remediation device and method for oily sludge. Background Art

[0002] During the process of oil extraction, oil leakage accidents occur due to the leakage of oil wells, the breakage of oil pipelines, and the corrosion of oil storage facilities; the substances in oil change the physical and chemical properties of the soil, making the soil highly toxic, causing serious environmental pollution and certain environmental geotechnical engineering problems; some pollutants accumulate in the shallow layer of the soil, and some petroleum pollutants migrate in the soil to the deep underground soil. Thus, the accumulation of a large amount of pollutants has become a serious environmental problem; oil is a volatile hydrocarbon, and its volatility is the characteristic that the molecules on the oil surface diffuse into the air. For example, hydrogen sulfide, ethane, propane, some butanes, and a small amount of pentanes. The volatilization of these substances causes secondary harm to surface water and groundwater resources, thereby affecting the food chain and endangering human safety.

[0003] Currently, the remediation of oily sludge often adopts methods such as landfilling, incineration, chemical agent flushing, biological treatment, and thermal desorption; when using physical methods such as landfilling and incineration, it is relatively simple and has a short operation cycle, but it is easy to produce secondary pollution during treatment, and incineration has a greater impact on the environment and higher costs; using chemical agent flushing can effectively remove pollution, such as: EDTA, NTA, DTPA, citric acid, malic acid, etc. These reagents form new complexes with heavy metals through their stronger complexation ability and are separated from the soil, but the residual chemical agents are also a kind of pollution to the soil itself; biological treatment is an effective and environmentally friendly removal method, but this method is often restricted by the environment, such as temperature, nutrients, moisture, and pollutant concentration, and the treatment effect often fails to meet expectations; currently, soil thermal desorption is a recognized treatment method internationally. During the process of remediating oily sludge, it can be applied to various types of oily sludge, and it has received extensive attention due to its direct, efficient, and economical characteristics. The following lists the related inventions of thermal desorption treatment.

[0004] The invention with the publication number CN104496136A discloses an indirect heating pyrolysis desorption treatment device and method for oily solid waste, which can effectively decompose oily solid waste; the invention with the publication number CN104785515A discloses a two-stage auger indirect thermal desorption device, belonging to a contaminated soil remediation device, which uses waste heat to pretreat contaminated soil; the invention with the publication number CN105080958A discloses an organic contaminated soil classification pyrolysis desorption repair system and process, which processes organic contaminated soil with different pollution degrees through a high-temperature pyrolysis desorption kiln system and a low-temperature pyrolysis desorber system respectively; the invention with the publication number CN204769861U discloses a microwave soil pyrolysis desorption device, which can microwave heat high-moisture soil and viscous soil for temperature-raising pyrolysis desorption, and at the same time extract desorbed gas through an extraction pipe to complete the repair of the soil.

[0005] The above devices usually directly treat oily sludge without considering the different substances in the oily sludge. Since oily sludge generally contains moisture, when the temperature is between 100°C and 300°C, the main desorption products are moisture, saturated hydrocarbons and some aromatics, and a large amount of heat energy will be wasted during the process of desorbing moisture; when the temperature is between 300°C and 500°C, the main desorption products are aromatics; when the temperature is higher than 500°C, the main desorption products are resins and asphaltenes; when using the thermal desorption method to treat oily sludge, due to the failure to consider the different volatilization temperatures of water and petroleum, the moisture in the oily sludge often evaporates first, resulting in a large amount of heat energy not being used for desorbing petroleum hydrocarbons and wasting the external energy supply; at the same time, the above devices also do not reuse the desorption products and waste heat, wasting a large amount of heat energy; therefore, the thermal desorption method for treating oily sludge mainly has deficiencies such as low heat energy utilization rate, low desorption efficiency, and low waste gas heat energy utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the problems of heat energy wasted by moisture in the sludge and waste heat loss of waste gas in the above patents, the present invention provides a multi-stage heat treatment repair equipment and method for oily sludge, which adopts a multi-stage heat treatment method, makes full use of the heat energy of the waste gas and separately treats the moisture in the oily sludge, improving the heat energy utilization rate and desorption efficiency; and reuses the desorption products in the heat treatment process to realize the reuse of the desorption products; the present invention solves the problems of low desorption efficiency, low energy utilization rate and high treatment cost in the heat treatment process; the present invention solves the above technical problems with the following technical solutions.

[0007] A multi-stage heat treatment repair equipment for oily sludge, the process includes operations such as screening treatment, compaction dehydration, sedimentation stratification, multi-stage heat treatment, gas condensation, drying treatment, waste gas combustion, spray dust removal, and backfilling.

[0008] Further, the screening process is to screen the oilfield sludge, and impurities such as larger boulders and branches will be removed to reduce the impact on subsequent thermal desorption. Further, the compaction and dehydration process is to put the oily sludge into a container and apply pressure from above. This process can separate part of the water and oil in the soil. The precipitation and stratification process is to put the mixed liquid of water and oil compacted out into a sedimentation tank, stir to accelerate the separation of oil, water and particles, and extract the upper liquid for evaporation and condensation after standing and stratifying. Further, the multi-stage heat treatment is divided into the first-stage heat treatment and the second-stage heat treatment. The oily sludge after compaction and dehydration is broken and then enters the first-stage solid desorption bin. There is a spiral auger in the bin to fully stir and break the oily sludge again. The temperature in the first-stage solid desorption bin is above 150°C, which can remove the moisture, saturated hydrocarbons and part of the aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil. At the same time, the upper liquid after precipitation and stratification is extracted and sent into the liquid evaporation bin. There is a heater at the bottom of the liquid evaporation bin to make the liquid in the bin reach above 300°C, which can evaporate the moisture and petroleum in the upper liquid into a mixed gas and enter the condensation bin. Then, the oily sludge is sent into the second-stage solid desorption bin through the feed bin. The temperature in the second-stage solid desorption bin is about above 600°C, which can basically remove the petroleum hydrocarbons, resins and asphaltenes in the soil. Further, for the gas condensation, the gas first passes through the condensing pipe. By using the difference in boiling points between oil and water, the condensate is a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride with a boiling point of 109°C. After the petroleum hydrocarbon gas is condensed, it enters the spherical collecting pipe along the condensing pipe and then enters the collecting bin. Further, the drying treatment dries the uncondensed gas so that the uncondensed gas hydrocarbons enter the tubular combustion chamber. Further, the tail gas combustion is to fully burn the dried gas hydrocarbons. The high-temperature mixed gas generated by the combustion is used to heat the liquid evaporation bin through the spiral gas pipeline, and then the gas is directly discharged. The water vapor in the mixed gas is condensed into the water storage bottle and then enters the spray pipe to realize the recycling of resources and meet the green emission standards at the same time. Further, the spray dust removal and backfilling process is to sprinkle water on the soil after thermal desorption treatment for cooling and dust removal, and then backfill the soil to the polluted area.

[0009] Compared with the existing equipment and methods, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. In the present invention, aiming at the problem that a large amount of heat energy is wasted by the moisture in the oily sludge during the heat treatment process, before the heat treatment of the oily sludge, the solid pollutants and liquid pollutants in the oily sludge are separated by compaction and then heat-treated separately, which can avoid the large consumption of heat energy by the moisture during the heat treatment of the solid pollutants, and at the same time can directly treat the liquid pollutants, improving the desorption efficiency and heat energy utilization rate.

[0011] 2. In the present invention, according to the different temperatures required for the volatilization of different substances in oily sludge, multi-stage thermal desorption at different temperatures is used to repair the water and petroleum hydrocarbons in the oily sludge, which can avoid the situation that substances with higher boiling points in the oily sludge cannot volatilize at low temperatures and the waste of a large amount of thermal energy for substances with lower boiling points at high temperatures, thus greatly improving the thermal energy utilization rate.

[0012] 3. In the present invention, aiming at the low thermal energy utilization rate of the high-temperature tail gas generated during the thermal desorption process, the high-temperature tail gas generated by desorption is burned to become a high-temperature mixed gas that can be directly discharged. At the same time, the high temperature of the gas is used to perform heat treatment on liquid pollutants, realizing the reuse of desorption products and improving the thermal energy utilization rate of the tail gas.

[0013] 4. In the present invention, during the heat treatment of liquid pollutants by the high-temperature mixed gas, the water vapor in the high-temperature mixed gas will condense to form liquid water and be collected for use in the spray dust removal process, reducing the external energy supply and saving energy resources.

[0014] 5. In the present invention, the oily sludge can be directly backfilled to the soil-taking area after multi-stage heat treatment, reducing soil loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art; obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0016] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the multi-stage heat treatment and repair of oily sludge;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second-stage solid desorption bin.

[0019] Icons: 1. Pressure chamber; 2. Screen; 3. Snap fastener; 4. Pressure rod; 5. Feed pipe; 6. Crushing chamber; 7. Roller crusher; 8. Motor; 9. Seamless steel pipe; 10. Valve; 11. Sedimentation tank; 12. Output pipe; 13. Stirring device; 14. Elastic expansion pipe; 15. Suction head; 16. Water pump; 17. Exhaust pipe; 18. Liquid evaporation chamber; 19. Spiral gas pipeline; 20. Heater I; 21. Heat preservation pipe; 22. First-stage solid desorption chamber; 23. Digital display meter; 24. Infrared temperature sensor; 25. Dust concentration sensor; 26. Screw conveyor; 2601. Intermediate bearing; 2602. Rotating blade; 2603. Machine trough; 2604. Temperature alarm lamp; 2605. Dust concentration alarm lamp; 27. Support; 28. Water storage bottle; 29. Sprinkler pipe; 30. Sprinkler; 31. Conveyor belt; 32. Feed bin; 33. Second-stage solid desorption chamber; 34. Discharge pipe; 35. PVC hose; 36. Condensation chamber; 37. Collection bin; 38. Condensation pipe; 39. Spherical collection pipe; 40. Heater II; 41. Spherical drying pipe; 42. Tubular combustion chamber; 43. Nozzle; 44. Air inlet hole; 45. Flame tube; 46. Nitrogen protection device; 47. Heat preservation layer; 48. Collection pipe; 49. Outer cylinder; 50. Three-blade stirring blade. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides an oil-containing sludge multi-stage heat treatment and repair device, and the device includes a solid treatment system, a precipitation and stratification system, a first-stage heat treatment system, a second-stage heat treatment system, a gas condensation system, a tail gas treatment system, and a backfill system.

[0022] The following further details the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings.

[0023] The solid treatment system is used for screening treatment, compaction dehydration and crushing treatment, and mainly includes a pressure chamber 1, a screen 2, a snap fastener 3, a pressure rod 4, a feed pipe 5, a crushing chamber 6, and a pair-roll crusher 7. Among them, the pressure chamber 1 is a hollow cylindrical tube, and the bottom can be opened to discharge the soil material. The screen 2 is installed inside the pressure chamber 1 through the snap fastener 3, and the screen surface is composed of many round holes, which can remove leaves and large rocks in the soil, etc. The soil material in the pressure chamber 1 is compacted by the pressure rod 4, and the liquid pollutants enter the sedimentation tank 11 through the seamless steel pipe 9 after compaction. One end of the seamless steel pipe 9 is installed on the left side of the bottom of the pressure chamber 1. The feed pipe 5 is in the shape of a hollow frustum, and the upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the pressure chamber 1 and the crushing chamber 6. A pair-roll crusher 7 is provided in the crushing chamber 6, which can initially crush the compacted and dehydrated soil material. The bottom of the crushing chamber 6 is connected to the top of the first-stage solid desorption chamber 22 through the feed pipe 5.

[0024] The sedimentation and stratification system is used for the sedimentation and stratification process, and mainly includes a motor 8, a seamless steel pipe 9, a valve 10, a sedimentation tank 11, an output pipe 12, a stirring device 13, an elastic telescopic pipe 14, a suction head 15, a water pump 16, and a collection pipe 48. Among them, the sedimentation tank 11 is a hollow cylindrical tube, and the left side of the top is connected with the seamless steel pipe 9 and extends into the sedimentation tank 11. The seamless steel pipe 9 can send the pollutant liquid into the sedimentation tank 11. A stirring device 13 driven by the motor 8 is provided on the internal center line, and the three-blade stirring blades 50 therein can fully stir the pollutant liquid to accelerate the separation of oil, water and particles. The lower end of the elastic telescopic pipe 14 on the right side of the top is installed with the suction head 15, which can suck the upper-layer liquid after stratification into the liquid evaporation chamber 18 through the water pump 16 along the collection pipe 48. An output pipe 12 is provided at the left bottom of the sedimentation tank 11, which can discharge the lower-layer uncontaminated liquid and sediment.

[0025] The first-stage heat treatment system is mainly used for drying moisture, saturated hydrocarbons and some aromatic hydrocarbons, and includes an exhaust pipe 17, a liquid evaporation chamber 18, a spiral gas pipeline 19, a first heater 20, a heat preservation pipe 21, a first-stage solid desorption chamber 22, a digital display 23, an infrared temperature sensor 24, a dust concentration sensor 25, a spiral auger 26, a support 27, a water storage bottle 28, and a heat preservation layer 47. Among them, the liquid evaporation chamber 18 is a hollow cylindrical tube, used for evaporating the liquid pollutants after compaction and dehydration. A heat preservation layer 47 is provided around the chamber. The heat preservation layer 47 is made of heat preservation cotton material, which can reduce heat loss. A heat preservation pipe 21 is provided at the center of the top and is connected to the condensation chamber 36. An exhaust pipe 17 is provided on the left side and is connected to the spiral gas pipeline 19. The spiral gas pipeline 19 is spirally arranged on the inner surface and can use the high-temperature gas in the pipe to heat the liquid in the liquid evaporation chamber 18. A first heater 20 is provided at the center of the bottom, used for heating and evaporating the liquid pollutants. A water storage bottle 28 is provided on the right side at the bottom of the spiral gas pipeline 19 and is connected to the bottom of the spiral gas pipeline 19, used for storing the water condensed from the high-temperature mixed gas, and is connected to the spray pipe 29 through a seamless steel pipe 9. The right side at the bottom of the spiral gas pipeline 19 is connected to the tubular combustion chamber 42 through a heat preservation pipe 21. The heat preservation pipe 21 is a polyurethane glass wool heat preservation pipe 21, which can reduce heat loss. The first-stage solid desorption chamber 22 is a horizontal hollow cylindrical tube, with a heat preservation layer 47 provided around it, fixed on the support 27, used for heating and desorbing the moisture, saturated hydrocarbons and some aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil. A spiral auger 26 is provided on the inner center line, which can fully crush the soil and accelerate the desorption of petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil. The left and right sides are sealed. An exhaust pipe 17 is provided on the left side. Infrared temperature sensors 24 and dust concentration sensors 25 are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the first-stage solid desorption chamber 22 and are connected to the digital display 23 outside the chamber, which can monitor the temperature and dust concentration in the chamber. If the dangerous threshold is reached, an alarm will be issued. One side of the top is connected to the condensation chamber 36 through a heat preservation pipe 21. The center of the bottom is connected to the feed bin 32. One side of the bottom is connected to the nitrogen protection device 46 through a PVC hose 35.

[0026] The second-stage heat treatment system is used for desorbing petroleum hydrocarbons, resins and asphaltenes, and includes a heat preservation pipe 21, a digital display meter 23, an infrared temperature sensor 24, a dust concentration sensor 25, a spiral auger 26, a second-stage solid desorption bin 33, a discharge pipe 34, a PVC hose 35, a nitrogen protection device 46, and a heat preservation layer 47. Among them, the second-stage solid desorption bin 33 is in the shape of a horizontal hollow cylinder and is fixed on a bracket 27. It is used for heating and desorbing petroleum hydrocarbons in soil. There is a heat preservation layer 47 around the bin. The heat preservation layer 47 is made of heat preservation cotton material, which can reduce heat loss. It is sealed on both the left and right sides. There is an exhaust pipe 17 on the left side. There is a spiral auger 26 on the inner center line, which can fully crush the soil and accelerate the desorption of aromatics, resins and asphaltenes in the soil. On both sides of the top of the second-stage solid desorption bin 33, there are an infrared temperature sensor 24 and a dust concentration sensor 25 respectively, which are connected to the digital display meter 23 outside the bin, and can monitor the temperature and dust concentration in the bin. If the dangerous threshold is reached, an alarm will be issued. One side of the top is connected to a condensation bin 36 through a heat preservation pipe 21, and the center of the top is connected to a first-stage solid desorption bin 22 through a feed bin 32, and the oily sludge in the first-stage solid desorption bin 22 can be sent to the second-stage solid desorption bin 33. The center of the bottom is connected to a discharge pipe 34, and one side of the bottom is connected to a nitrogen protection device 46 through a PVC hose 35.

[0027] The gas condensation system is used for the gas condensation process and mainly consists of a condensation bin 36, a collection bin 37, a condensation pipe 38, a spherical collection pipe 39, a heater II 40, a heat preservation layer 47, and a collection pipe 48. Among them, the condensation bin 36 is a hollow cuboid. There is a heat preservation layer 47 around the bin. The heat preservation layer 47 is made of heat preservation cotton material, which can reduce heat loss. There is a hollow cuboid collection bin 37 on the right side of the bottom. The top of the collection bin 37 is a collection pipe 48, which extends into the interior of the collection bin 37. The upper end of the collection pipe 48 is connected to the bottom of the spherical collection pipe 39. The petroleum hydrocarbon gas in the mixed gas is stored in the spherical collection pipe 39 after condensation. The condensed petroleum enters the collection bin 37 through the collection pipe 48 controlled by a valve 10. There is a heater II 40 on the right side of the condensation bin 36, which can heat the condensate in the bin. Utilizing the boiling point difference between petroleum and water, the condensate is a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride with a boiling point of 109°C. The petroleum hydrocarbon gas enters the spherical collection pipe 39 along the condensation pipe 38 after condensation. The spherical collection pipe 39 can also prevent gas from entering the collection bin 37. The water vapor and uncondensed gas hydrocarbons enter a spherical drying pipe 41 through a seamless steel pipe 9. The condensation pipes 38 are arranged in a U shape inside the condensation bin 36. The air inlet is located on the left side of the bottom of the condensation bin 36, and the air outlet is located at the top on the right side. The U-shaped section at the lower end of the condensation pipe 38 is connected to the spherical collection pipe 39. The condensed petroleum is stored in the spherical collection pipe 39 and finally the valve 10 is opened, and it enters the collection bin 37 through the collection pipe 48.

[0028] The tail gas treatment system is used for drying treatment and tail gas combustion process, and mainly consists of seamless steel pipe 9, spherical drying pipe 41, tubular combustion chamber 42, nozzle 43, air inlet hole 44, flame tube 45, and outer cylinder 49. Among them, molecular sieve desiccant is filled in the spherical drying pipe 41, which can remove moisture in the uncondensed gas. The left and right ends are respectively connected to the tubular combustion chamber 42 and the condensation pipe 38 through seamless steel pipe 9. The dried gas enters the outer cylinder 49 of the tubular combustion chamber 42, and enters the flame tube 45 through the air inlet hole 44. After mixing with the fuel sprayed by the nozzle 43, it completely burns to generate high-temperature carbon dioxide and water vapor, and enters the spiral gas pipeline 19 through the bottom heat preservation pipe 21. Subsequently, the high-temperature carbon dioxide and water vapor use the high temperature of the spiral gas pipeline 19 to heat the liquid pollutants in the liquid evaporation chamber 18, and the water vapor condenses and enters the water storage bottle 28, and the carbon dioxide is discharged through the exhaust pipe 17.

[0029] The backfill system is used for spray dust removal and backfill, and mainly includes spray pipe 29, sprayer 30, conveyor belt 31, and discharge pipe 34. Among them, one end of the conveyor belt 31 is located below the discharge pipe 34, and can convey the soil material to the backfill area. The spray pipe 29 is located above the conveyor belt 31, and one end is connected to the water storage bottle 28 through seamless steel pipe 9, and can be used to spray, dust remove, and cool the soil material with the water in the water storage bottle 28. The sprayers 30 are arranged at equal distances directly below the spray pipe 29, and can spray, dust remove, and cool the soil material on the conveyor belt 31. The discharge pipe 34 is located at the bottom of the second-stage solid desorption bin 33, and can transfer the repaired soil material in the second-stage solid desorption bin 33 to the conveyor belt 31.

[0030] An operation method of an oil-containing sludge multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0031] S1: Put the oil-containing sludge into the screen 2, remove sundries such as leaves and large rocks in the soil through the vibrating screen 2, and the sieved oil-containing sludge enters the pressurization bin 1 to preheat the first-stage solid desorption bin 22 to a temperature above 150 °C;

[0032] S2: Mechanically push the pressurization rod 4 to compact and dehydrate the oil-containing sludge after screening. The liquid pollutants enter the sedimentation tank 11 through the seamless steel pipe 9. Open the stirring device 13, and through sufficient stirring, accelerate the separation of oil, water, and particles. Then close the stirring device 13 and let it stand for stratification. At the same time, start the pair-roller crusher 7, open the bottom switch of the pressurization bin 1, preliminarily crush the compacted soil and enter the first-stage solid desorption bin 22. Start the spiral auger 26 to fully stir and crush the preliminarily crushed soil, accelerate the evaporation of moisture and the desorption of saturated hydrocarbons, and open the heater two 40 to preheat the condensate in the condensation bin 36 to 109 °C;

[0033] S3: Pump the upper-layer liquid in the sedimentation tank 11 into the liquid evaporation chamber 18 through the water pump 16 and the suction head 15. Turn on the first heater 20. Open the valve 10 of the heat preservation pipe 21 at about 300 °C to allow the mixed gas to enter the condensation pipe 38. Open the valve 10 of the heat preservation pipe 21 of the first-stage solid desorption chamber 22 to allow the mixed gas to enter the condensation pipe 38. At the same time, preheat the second-stage solid desorption chamber 33 to reach 600 °C.

[0034] S4: Open the valve 10 between the first-stage solid desorption chamber 22 and the second-stage solid desorption chamber 33 to allow the soil material to enter the second-stage solid desorption chamber 33 through the feed bin 32. Start the spiral auger 26 to accelerate the desorption of aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes in the soil. The petroleum hydrocarbons in the mixed gas enter the spherical collection pipe 39 along the condensation pipe 38 after condensation, and the uncondensed gas enters the spherical drying pipe 41 along the seamless steel pipe 9.

[0035] S5: Open the valve 10 of the heat preservation pipe 21 of the second-stage solid desorption chamber 33 to allow the hydrocarbon gas to enter the condensation pipe 38. The uncondensed gas entering the spherical drying pipe 41 is dried and then enters the tubular combustion chamber 42 to burn fully. The high-temperature carbon dioxide and water vapor generated by the combustion enter the spiral gas pipeline 19 along the bottom heat preservation pipe 21 to heat and evaporate the liquid pollutants. Part of the water vapor condenses and enters the water storage bottle 28 along the spiral gas pipeline 19. Open the discharge pipe 34 of the second-stage solid desorption chamber 33.

[0036] S6: The repaired high-temperature soil material is sent to the conveyor belt 31 along the discharge pipe 34. Open the valve 10 of the spray pipe 29 above the conveyor belt 31 to spray, dust, and cool the high-temperature soil material. Open the valve 10 of the output pipe 12 at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 11 to discharge the lower-layer liquid and sediment.

[0037] S7: Open the valve 10 of the collection pipe 48 of the condensation chamber 36 to store the petroleum in the spherical collection pipe 39 in the collection bin 37, which can effectively prevent the mixed gas from entering the collection bin 37.

[0038] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any other form of limitation on the present invention. Any modification or equivalent change made according to the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage thermal treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge, characterized in that: The equipment comprises a solid processing system, a precipitation and stratification system, a first-stage heat treatment system, a second-stage heat treatment system, a gas condensation system, an exhaust gas processing system and a backfilling system; the working process of the equipment comprises screening processing, compaction and dehydration, crushing processing, precipitation and stratification, multi-stage heat treatment, gas condensation, drying processing, exhaust gas combustion, spray dust removal and backfilling process; the multi-stage heat treatment process is divided into a first-stage heat treatment and a second-stage heat treatment, which are respectively completed in the first-stage heat treatment system and the second-stage heat treatment system; the first-stage heat treatment system comprises an exhaust pipe (17), a liquid evaporation bin (18), a spiral gas pipeline (19), a heater (20), an insulation pipe (21), a first-stage solid desorption bin (22), a spiral auger (26), a bracket (27), a water storage bottle (28) and a PVC hose (35); the first-stage solid desorption bin (22) is a horizontal hollow cylindrical tube, which is installed on the bracket (27), is sealed on both sides, is provided with an exhaust pipe (17) on one side, and an insulation layer (47) is arranged around the bin. The top of the first stage solid desorption chamber (22) is connected to the bottom of the feed pipe (5), and the bottom is connected to the nitrogen protection device (46) through a PVC hose (35). A spiral auger (26) is also provided on the center line of the first stage solid desorption chamber (22). The top side is connected to the gas condensation system through an insulation pipe (21); the liquid evaporation chamber (18) is a hollow cylindrical tube, which is provided with a spiral gas pipeline (19) and an insulation layer (47) around it. A heater (20) is provided at the bottom, and the top side is connected to the collection pipe. The center position is connected to the The gas condensation system is connected via a heat preservation pipe (21); the spiral gas pipeline (19) is installed along the inner surface of the liquid evaporation bin (18), the air inlet is at the bottom of the evaporation bin and is connected to the air outlet of the tubular combustion chamber (42) via the heat preservation pipe (21); the exhaust pipe (17) is located at the top of one side of the liquid evaporation bin (18) and is connected to the spiral gas pipeline (19); the top of the water storage bottle (28) is connected to the air inlet of the spiral gas pipeline (19), and the bottom is connected to the backfill system via a seamless steel pipe (9).

2. The multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screening, compaction dehydration and crushing processes are completed in a solid processing system; the solid processing system comprises a pressurizing bin (1), a screen (2), a snap fastener (3), a pressurizing rod (4), a feed pipe (5), a crushing bin (6) and a double-roll crusher (7); the pressurizing bin (1) is a hollow cylindrical tube, the bottom of which can be opened, and the pressurizing rod (4) is installed at the center of the pressurizing bin (1); the screen (2) is fixed inside the pressurizing bin (1) through the snap fastener (3); the crushing bin (6) has a double-roll crusher (7), the upper and lower parts of which are respectively connected to the bottom of the pressurizing bin (1) and the top of the first-stage solid desorption bin (22) through a feed pipe (5); the feed pipe (5) is a hollow truncated cone, and the upper and lower ends can be opened.

3. The multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sedimentation and stratification process is completed in a sedimentation and stratification system; the sedimentation and stratification system comprises a motor (8), a seamless steel pipe (9), a sedimentation tank (11), an output pipe (12), a stirring device (13), an elastic telescopic pipe (14), a water pump (16), and a collecting pipe (48); the sedimentation tank (11) is a hollow cylindrical tube, and an output pipe (12) is provided at the bottom; the stirring device (13) is driven by the motor (8), is located on the center line of the sedimentation tank (11), and is provided with a three-leaf stirring blade (50); one end of the seamless steel pipe (9) is connected to the bottom of the pressurizing bin (1), and the other end extends to the top of one side of the sedimentation tank (11); one end of the collecting pipe is located inside the sedimentation tank (11) and connected to the elastic telescopic pipe (14), and the other end is connected to the liquid evaporation bin (18) through the water pump (16); the lower part of the elastic telescopic pipe (14) is connected to a suction head (15) with a filter screen; the output pipe (12) is located at the bottom of the side of the sedimentation tank (11).

4. The multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second-stage heat treatment system comprises a spiral auger (26), a second-stage solid desorption bin (33), a PVC hose (35), and a nitrogen protection device (46); the second-stage solid desorption bin (33) is a horizontal hollow cylindrical tube, which is installed on a bracket (27), is sealed on the left and right sides, is provided with an exhaust pipe (17) on one side, is provided with a spiral auger (26) on the center line, and is provided with an insulation layer (47) around the bin. The bottom of one side is connected to the nitrogen protection device (46) through a PVC hose (35), the top is connected to the first-stage solid desorption bin (22) through a feed bin (32), one side of the top is connected to the gas condensation system through an insulation pipe (21), and the bottom is connected to the discharge pipe (34).

5. The multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas condensation process is completed in the gas condensation system; the gas condensation system is composed of an insulation pipe (21), a condensation bin (36), a collection bin (37), a condensation pipe (38), a spherical collection pipe (39), a second heater (40), and a collection pipe (48); the condensation bin (36) is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped, with an insulation layer (47) around the bin, a collection bin (37) at the bottom, a second heater (40) at one side, and condensation pipes (38) arranged in a U shape in the bin; the air inlet end of the condensation pipe (38) is connected to the first-stage heat treatment system and the second-stage heat treatment system through the insulation pipe (21), and the air outlet end of the condensation pipe (38) is connected to the exhaust gas treatment system; the top of the spherical collection pipe (39) is connected to the U-shaped pipe at the bottom of the condensation pipe (38), and the bottom has a collection pipe (48) controlled by a valve (10) extending into the collection bin (37).

6. The multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drying treatment and tail gas combustion process are completed in the tail gas treatment system; the tail gas treatment system is composed of an insulation pipe (21), a spherical drying pipe (41), and a tubular combustion chamber (42); one end of the spherical drying pipe (41) is connected to the gas outlet end of the condenser (38), and the other end is connected to the tubular combustion chamber (42), and there is a desiccant inside for drying uncondensed gas; the tubular combustion chamber (42) is composed of a flame tube (45), a nozzle (43) and an outer tube (49), and the air inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the spherical drying pipe (41) and the air inlet of the spiral gas pipeline (19) through the insulation pipe (21), and the uncondensed petroleum hydrocarbon gas can be completely burned. The high-temperature gas generated by the combustion is discharged through the spiral gas pipeline (19). The flame tube (45) is placed on the inner center line of the outer tube (49), and the tube body has an air inlet (44), one end is connected to the nozzle (43), and the other end is connected to the air outlet.

7. The multi-stage heat treatment and repair equipment for oily sludge according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spray dust removal and backfilling process is completed in the backfilling system; the backfilling system consists of a spray pipe (29), a sprayer (30), a conveyor belt (31), and a discharge pipe (34); the spray pipe (29) is located above the conveyor belt (31), and one end is connected to the bottom of the water storage bottle (28); the sprayers (30) are arranged equidistantly just below the spray pipe (29); one side of the conveyor belt (31) is located below the discharge pipe (34) to backfill the soil material; the discharge pipe (34) is located at the bottom of the second-stage solid desorption bin (33) and can deliver the soil material to the conveyor belt (31).

8. An operating method of the multi-stage thermal treatment and remediation equipment for oily sludge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: The oily sludge is screened and placed in a pressurizing bin (1), and the first-stage solid desorption bin (22) is preheated to 150°C; S2: The oily sludge is compacted in the pressurizing bin (1), the liquid enters the sedimentation tank (11), and the separation is accelerated by the stirring device (13). The solid enters the first-stage solid desorption bin (22) after passing through the crushing bin (6), and the spiral auger (26) is started. At the same time, the condensate in the condensation bin (36) is preheated to 109°C; S3: The upper layer of liquid pollutants in the sedimentation tank (11) are pumped into the liquid evaporation chamber (18) by a water pump, heated to 300° C. for evaporation, the valve (10) of the insulation pipe (21) between the liquid evaporation chamber (18) and the first-stage solid desorption chamber (22) is opened, the mixed gas enters the gas condensation system, and the second-stage solid desorption chamber (33) is preheated to 600° C.; S4: The petroleum hydrocarbon gas in the mixed gas enters the condenser (38), the condensed petroleum enters the spherical collecting tube (39) along the condenser (38), and the uncondensed gas enters the tail gas treatment system along the pipeline. At the same time, the oily sludge in the first-stage solid desorption chamber (22) enters the second-stage solid desorption chamber (33) through the feed chamber (32), the spiral auger (26) is started, and the valve (10) of the insulation pipe (21) of the second-stage solid desorption chamber (33) is opened; S5: After being dried, the uncondensed gas enters the tubular combustion chamber (42) for full combustion, and the high-temperature gas after combustion heats and evaporates the liquid pollutants in the liquid evaporation chamber (18) through the spiral gas pipeline (19), and at the same time, the discharge pipe (34) of the second-stage solid desorption chamber (33) is opened, and the soil material is sent to the conveyor belt (31) through the discharge pipe (34); S6: the desorbed soil is directly backfilled after being sprayed on the conveyor belt (31), and the bottom output pipe (12) of the sedimentation tank (11) is opened to discharge the lower liquid and sediment; S7: Open the valve (10) of the collecting pipe (48) of the condensation chamber (36) to collect the oil in the collecting chamber (37).

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