Rapid and accurate mounting method for large-diameter dome steel structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick and accurate mounting method for a large-diameter dome steel structure. The quick and accurate mounting method comprises the following steps: surveying and setting out; a temporary supporting frame is erected, specifically, the temporary supporting frame is erected under the center of the dome steel structure; a dome steel structure is installed, specifically, a center main beam is installed firstly, then large-span main beams between the center main beam and an outer ring main beam are installed, the large-span main beams are symmetrically and sequentially installed on the two sides of the center main beam, and secondary beams are installed between every two adjacent large-span main beams; unloading the temporary support frame: gradually unloading the support of the temporary support frame to the central main beam until the central main beam is completely disengaged; and dismantling the temporary support frame. The method has the beneficial effects that according to the design of the annular steel beam in the center of the dome, the center main beam is fixed and positioned in the mode of erecting the temporary supporting frame, reliable supporting and connecting are provided for installation and construction of the main beam, efficient and accurate assembling operation of the steel structure dome is achieved, the high-altitude operation problem is solved, the construction efficiency is effectively improved, and the construction precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of steel structure construction, and specifically relates to a method for rapid and accurate installation of a large-diameter dome steel structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the modern construction industry and the accelerated pace of urbanization, steel structures are increasingly widely used due to their advantages of lightness, high strength, fast construction speed, and sustainable use. They have become an important structural system, bringing more possibilities to the form of buildings. Among them, the architectural shape of large-diameter (30m and above) domes is beautiful, novel, and unique, with excellent mechanical properties and reasonable force on the roof structure, which can provide a generous use space for the building. Therefore, with its unique structural characteristics and advantages, it has been widely used in large public buildings, landmark buildings, industrial plants and warehouses, and special-function buildings.

[0003] However, large-span steel domes face many challenges, such as complicated construction techniques, significant impact of the process on the internal forces of the structure, force system conversion involved in construction, and excessive overall lifting weight (generally weighing more than 300 tons). Their complexity is gradually becoming more prominent. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for quickly and accurately installing a large-diameter dome steel structure, solving the problem of complicated construction technology of a large-span steel structure dome.

[0005] This application adopts the method of setting up a temporary support frame to provide reliable support and connection for the installation and construction of the main beam; the temporary support frame adopts a modular structure, and the construction is fast, flexible, efficient, and easy to dismantle; an adjustable elevation stool is configured on the top of the support frame to accurately locate the elevation of the central main beam. After the construction of the steel structure dome roof is completed, it is unloaded in multiple steps by jacks until the dome structure is completely empty; the steel structure installation process is optimized, two cranes enter the building yard and adopt a symmetrical position to install the main beam and secondary beam in a symmetrical manner, which effectively improves the efficiency of machinery use and the construction speed, avoids the use of ultra-heavy lifting equipment, and saves project costs and construction period.

[0006] The purpose of this application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for rapid and accurate installation of a large-diameter dome steel structure comprises the following steps:

[0008] The first step is to measure and lay out the lines;

[0009] The second step is to set up a temporary support frame: set up a temporary support frame just below the center of the dome steel structure;

[0010] The third step is to install the dome steel structure: first install the central main beam, use a temporary support frame to temporarily support the central main beam, and then install the large-span main beam between the central main beam and the outer ring main beam. The large-span main beams are installed symmetrically on both sides of the central main beam, and a fan-shaped area is formed between the adjacent two large-span main beams. Then install the secondary beams in the fan-shaped area;

[0011] Step 4: Unloading of temporary support frame: gradually unloading the support of the temporary support frame on the central main beam until it is completely empty;

[0012] Step 5: Remove the temporary support frame.

[0013] Furthermore, in the first step, the main axis of the building and the elevation control network are used as measurement reference points for the construction of the steel structure in the foundation structure and the main structure; in the second step and subsequent steps, the accurate center control point is measured on the temporary support frame using a total station, and regular calibration is performed to ensure the stability and reliability of the reference point; the steel structure axis and the temporary support frame are reviewed using external control points, and the measurement error is controlled within the allowable range.

[0014] Furthermore, in the second step, a temporary support frame is placed on a support frame foundation, which is a reinforced concrete structure. An embedded steel plate is arranged in the support frame foundation, and the embedded steel plate is connected to the temporary support frame to position and load the temporary support frame.

[0015] Furthermore, in the second step, the temporary support frames include two groups, and the two groups of temporary support frames jointly support the central main beam.

[0016] Furthermore, in the second step, the temporary support frame is formed by erecting several standard sections layer by layer. The standard sections include columns at four corners. The upper and lower columns are connected. The columns are connected with horizontal supports and oblique supports. Distribution beams are arranged between the columns of the uppermost standard sections. The distribution beams are provided with elevation stools supporting the central main beam.

[0017] Furthermore, in the third step, the dome steel structure includes a central main beam, an outer ring main beam, a large-span main beam and a secondary beam. The central main beam is located at the center of the dome steel structure, the outer ring main beam is located at the outer ring of the dome steel structure, the large-span main beam is connected between the central main beam and the outer ring main beam, and the secondary beam is connected in the fan-shaped area formed by the adjacent large-span main beams.

[0018] Furthermore, in the third step, a crane is used to hoist the dome steel structure, and two cranes are used and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central main beam.

[0019] Furthermore, in the fourth step, before unloading, a jack is first set on the temporary support frame, the temporary support frame is supported by the jack, and the central main beam is unloaded by the jack, and the unloading is carried out step by step and at least three times.

[0020] Furthermore, in the fourth step, the deflection is calculated by structural calculation software, the first unloading is 1 / 3 of the total deflection, the second unloading is 1 / 3 of the total deflection, and the third unloading is all unloading; during the step-by-step unloading process, the difference between the actual deflection and the calculated value is observed and compared. If the difference is too large, the unloading is stopped, and the unloading is checked and verified.

[0021] Furthermore, in the fourth step, when the temporary support frame is replaced by the jack, the difference in the jack pressure values ​​is ensured to be controlled within 5%; during the unloading process, the jacks are operated synchronously, and the synchronization of the jack unloading is checked by the jack reading table, and the difference between the readings must be controlled within 10%.

[0022] Furthermore, in the fourth step, after the first unloading is completed, stabilize for 30 minutes, measure and record the values ​​of the observation points of the measured deformation, and compare whether the changes before and after are synchronized with the unloading values. If not, stop the unloading, and restart the unloading program after analysis; if the data changes are synchronized, enter the second unloading;

[0023] After the second unloading is completed, stabilize for 30 minutes, measure and record the values ​​of the observation points of the measured deformation, and compare whether the changes before and after are synchronized with the unloading values. If not, stop the unloading and restart the unloading program after analysis; if the data changes are synchronized, enter the third unloading;

[0024] After the third unloading is completed, when the unloading is stable and the temporary support frame is emptied, the unloading of the temporary support frame is completed. After recording the final sinking deformation observation data, the support frame removal process begins.

[0025] Furthermore, in the fifth step, the temporary support frame is dismantled by using an on-site crane to cooperate with the construction and dismantling; the dismantling order of the temporary support frame is to dismantle the support first and then the column, and the horizontal support and inclined support of the temporary support frame are dismantled from top to bottom, and the entire support frame system is dismantled layer by layer multiple times according to the floor height of the standard section.

[0026] Beneficial effects of this application:

[0027] (1) In view of the design of the circular steel beam in the center of the dome, a temporary support frame was set up to fix and position the central main beam, which provided reliable support and connection for the installation and construction of the main beam, realized efficient and accurate assembly of the steel structure dome, solved the problem of high-altitude operations, effectively improved construction efficiency, and ensured construction accuracy.

[0028] (2) The temporary support frame at the center adopts a modular structure, which is fast, flexible and efficient to construct. The height and position of the center main beam can be easily controlled during the construction process, and it can be easily dismantled after the construction of the steel structure dome is completed.

[0029] (3) An adjustable elevation stool is installed on the top of the support frame to accurately locate the elevation of the center ring beam. After the construction of the steel structure dome roof is completed, the steel structure is unloaded in multiple steps by jacks until the dome structure is completely emptied, thus realizing the transformation of the dome structure's force system in a stable and efficient manner.

[0030] (4) The steel structure installation process was optimized. Two cranes entered the building site and adopted symmetrical positions to install the main beams and tie beams in a symmetrical manner. This improved the efficiency of machinery use and the construction speed, avoided the use of ultra-heavy lifting equipment, and saved project costs and construction period.

[0031] The aforementioned main scheme of the present application and its further options can be freely combined to form multiple schemes, all of which are schemes that can be adopted and claimed for protection in the present application; and in the present application, (non-conflicting options) can also be freely combined with each other and with other options. After understanding the scheme of the present application, those skilled in the art can understand that there are many combinations based on the prior art and common knowledge, all of which are technical schemes to be protected by the present application, and they are not exhaustively listed here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the application process.

[0033] Figure 2 It is the structural front view of the temporary support frame of this application.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a structural side view of the temporary support frame of this application.

[0035] Figure 4 It is a top view of the structure of the temporary support frame of this application.

[0036] Figure 5 It is a construction diagram of this application.

[0037] In the figure: 1-support column, 2-temporary support frame, 3-support frame foundation, 4-center main beam, 5-large-span main beam, 6-crane; 201-standard section, 202-column, 203-horizontal support, 204-inclined support, 205-distribution beam, 206-elevation stool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following non-limiting examples are provided to illustrate the present application.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] refer to Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown, a method for rapid and accurate installation of a large-diameter dome steel structure comprises the following steps: measuring and laying out → setting up a temporary support frame → installing the dome steel structure → unloading the temporary support frame → removing the temporary support frame.

[0041] The first step is to measure and lay out the lines: the main axis of the building (building) and the elevation control network are used as the measurement reference points for the construction of the steel structure in the foundation structure and the main structure. In the second step and subsequent steps, the total station is used to measure the accurate center control point on the temporary support frame 2, and regular verification is performed to ensure the stability and reliability of the reference point. The steel structure axis and the temporary support frame 2 are verified using external control points, and the measurement error is controlled within the allowable range.

[0042] The second step is to set up a temporary support frame: set up a temporary support frame 2 just below the center of the dome steel structure.

[0043] The temporary support frame 2 is placed on the support frame foundation 3. The support frame foundation 3 is a 500mm thick C30 reinforced concrete structure. 12mm diameter threaded steel bars are laid at the bottom of the foundation to form a steel mesh. The length and width spacing of the steel mesh is 150mm. The plane size of the concrete foundation is designed according to the size of the frame, and is generally not less than 1.5 times the bottom area of ​​the frame.

[0044] An embedded steel plate is provided in the support frame foundation 3, and the embedded steel plate is connected to the temporary support frame 2 to position and carry the temporary support frame 2. The embedded steel plate is used to connect the support frame body and transfer the upper load of the frame body to the foundation. In order to facilitate accurate positioning and adjust the position of the frame body during installation, the embedded plate and the frame body are usually connected by welding.

[0045] The temporary support frame 2 includes two groups of 2.5m×3.0m lattice columns (the number of lattice columns is set according to the size and weight of the central main beam), with a total of 8 columns designed and erected on the support frame foundation. The plane dimensions of the two groups of temporary support frames 2 are approximately 5.6×3.0m in length and width, and the two groups of temporary support frames 2 jointly support the central main beam 4.

[0046] The temporary support frame 2 is formed by several standard sections 201, which are built layer by layer, and also includes a distribution beam 205 and a height bench 206. The standard section 201 includes a column 202, a horizontal support 203 and an inclined support 204. The columns 202 are four columns arranged at the four corners of a rectangle, and generally use a Φ377×7 round tube. The bottom of the lowest column is placed on the embedded steel plate and connected to the embedded steel plate by welding. The upper and lower columns 202 are connected to realize the multi-layer construction of the temporary support frame 2.

[0047] Horizontal supports 203 and diagonal supports 204 are connected between the columns 202. The horizontal and diagonal supports are made of channel steel with a groove of 14. Distribution beams 205 are arranged between the columns 202 of the uppermost standard section 201. The distribution beams 205 are made of double-jointed 45C I-beams. The two ends of the two distribution beams 205 are respectively arranged at the tops of the four columns 202. The distribution beams 205 are provided with elevation stools 206 for supporting the central main beam 4. The elevation stools 206 are made of Φ245×14 steel pipes, which are used to support the central main beam of the dome structure. The elevation is adjusted by the height of the supporting circular pipe, and the error is controlled within ±2mm.

[0048] The third step is to install the dome steel structure: the dome steel structure includes a central main beam 4, an outer ring main beam, a large-span main beam 5 and a secondary beam. The central main beam 4 is located at the center of the dome steel structure, the outer ring main beam is located at the outer ring of the dome steel structure, the large-span main beam 5 is connected between the central main beam 4 and the outer ring main beam (support column 1), and the secondary beam is connected in the fan-shaped area formed by the adjacent two large span main beams 5.

[0049] The dome steel structure is hoisted by a crane 6. Two cranes 6 are used and arranged symmetrically on both sides of the central main beam 4. The selection of crane 6 takes into account the weight of the heaviest component and the weight of the farthest component in the crane's footprint area. When installing the steel structure roof, the crane should be moved as little as possible to save the time of crane relocation, and the overall direction of the installation should be determined for symmetrical installation.

[0050] According to the process of this embodiment, the central main beam 4 is installed first, and before installation, the elevation of the temporary support frame 2 is confirmed again, and the central main beam 4 is temporarily supported by the temporary support frame 2. Then, two cranes 6 are used to symmetrically install the large-span main beam 5 between the central main beam 4 and the outer ring main beam on both sides, and the large-span main beam 5 is installed symmetrically on both sides of the central main beam 4. Then, the fan-shaped area secondary beams are installed, and a fan-shaped area is formed between the adjacent two large span main beams 5. The secondary beams are installed in the fan-shaped area. After each installation forms a fan-shaped area, the secondary beams in the area are installed, and so on.

[0051] Step 4: Unloading of temporary support frame: gradually unload the support of temporary support frame 2 on central main beam 4 until it is completely empty. After the construction of dome steel structure is completed, part of the deadweight load is still borne by temporary support frame, so it is necessary to unload and remove the support frame to form a support-free form and transform the force system of the steel structure.

[0052] Before unloading, first set a jack with a pressure gauge on the elevation stool 206 of the temporary support frame 2, and use the jack to support the elevation stool 206 of the temporary support frame 2. When using the jack to support the temporary support frame 2, ensure that the difference in the jack pressure value is controlled within 5%. After verification, take out the elevation stool 206 used for support.

[0053] The central main beam 4 is unloaded by a jack, and the unloading is performed step by step and divided into at least three times. This embodiment adopts three unloading. The deflection is calculated by the structural calculation software. The first unloading is 1 / 3 of the total deflection, the second unloading is 1 / 3 of the total deflection, and the third unloading is all. During the step-by-step unloading process, the difference between the actual deflection and the calculated value is observed and compared. If the difference is too large, the unloading is stopped, and the verification is checked. During the unloading process, the jacks are carried out synchronously, and the synchronization of the jack unloading is checked by the jack reading table. The difference between the readings must be controlled within 10%.

[0054] After the first unloading is completed, stabilize for 30 minutes, measure and record the values ​​of the sinking deformation observation points, and compare whether the changes before and after are synchronized with the unloading values. If not, stop unloading and restart the unloading program after analysis; if the data changes are synchronized, enter the second unloading.

[0055] After the second unloading is completed, stabilize for 30 minutes, measure and record the values ​​of the sinking deformation observation points, and compare whether the changes before and after are synchronized with the unloading values. If not, stop unloading and restart the unloading program after analysis; if the data changes are synchronized, enter the third unloading.

[0056] After the third unloading is completed, when the unloading is stable and the temporary support frame 2 is emptied, the unloading of the temporary support frame 2 is completed, and after the final sinking deformation observation data is recorded, the support frame removal process is entered.

[0057] Step 5: Dismantle the temporary support frame. The temporary support frame 2 is dismantled by using a crane 6 on site to assist in the dismantling. The dismantling order of the temporary support frame 2 is to dismantle the support first and then the column. The horizontal support and the inclined support of the temporary support frame 2 are dismantled from top to bottom. The entire support frame system is dismantled layer by layer multiple times according to the floor height of the section.

[0058] The aforementioned basic examples and their further selected examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed for protection in this application. In the scheme of this application, each selected example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic examples and selected examples.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure, characterized in that: The steps include: The first step is to measure and lay out the lines; Step 2: erecting a temporary support frame: erecting a temporary support frame (2) directly below the center of the dome steel structure; The third step is to install the dome steel structure: first install the central main beam (4), use the temporary support frame (2) to temporarily support the central main beam (4), and then install the large-span main beam (5) between the central main beam (4) and the outer ring main beam. The large-span main beam (5) is installed symmetrically on both sides of the central main beam (4) in sequence, forming a fan-shaped area between adjacent large-span main beams (5), and then install the secondary beams in the fan-shaped area; Step 4: Unloading the temporary support frame: gradually unloading the support of the temporary support frame (2) on the central main beam (4) until it is completely free; Step 5: Remove the temporary support frame.

2. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the first step, the main axis of the building and the elevation control network are used as the measurement reference points for the construction of the steel structure in the foundation structure and the main structure; in the second step and subsequent steps, the accurate center control point is measured on the temporary support frame (2) using a total station, and regular verification is performed to ensure the stability and reliability of the reference point; the steel structure axis and the temporary support frame (2) are verified using external control points, and the measurement error is controlled within the allowable range.

3. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the second step, the temporary support frame (2) is placed on the support frame foundation (3), the support frame foundation (3) is a reinforced concrete structure, and an embedded steel plate is arranged in the support frame foundation (3), and the embedded steel plate is connected to the temporary support frame (2) to position and support the temporary support frame (2).

4. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: In the second step, the temporary support frame (2) includes two groups, and the two groups of temporary support frames (2) jointly support the central main beam (4); the temporary support frame (2) is formed by a plurality of standard sections (201) being erected layer by layer, and the standard section (201) includes columns (202) at four corners, and a connection is erected between the upper and lower columns (202), and horizontal supports (203) and oblique supports (204) are connected between the columns (202), and a distribution beam (205) is arranged between the columns (202) of the uppermost standard section (201), and a height stool (206) supporting the central main beam (4) is arranged on the distribution beam (205).

5. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the third step, the dome steel structure comprises a central main beam (4), an outer ring main beam, a large-span main beam (5) and a secondary beam, wherein the central main beam (4) is located at the central position of the dome steel structure, the outer ring main beam is located at the outer ring position of the dome steel structure, the large-span main beam (5) is connected between the central main beam (4) and the outer ring main beam, and the secondary beam is connected in a fan-shaped area formed by adjacent large-span main beams (5).

6. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: In the third step, a crane (6) is used to hoist the dome steel structure. Two cranes (6) are used and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central main beam (4).

7. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the fourth step, before unloading, a jack is firstly arranged on the temporary support frame (2), the temporary support frame (2) is supported by the jack, and the central main beam (4) is unloaded by the jack, and the unloading is carried out step by step and divided into at least three times.

8. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the fourth step, the deflection is calculated by structural calculation software, the first unloading is 1 / 3 of the total deflection, the second unloading is 1 / 3 of the total deflection, and the third unloading is complete; in the step-by-step unloading process, the difference between the actual deflection and the calculated value is observed and compared, if the difference is too large, the unloading is stopped, and the verification and proofreading are checked; when the temporary support frame (2) is replaced by the jack, the difference in the jack pressure value is guaranteed to be controlled within 5%; during the unloading process, the jacks are operated synchronously, and the synchronization of the jack unloading is checked by the jack reading table, and the difference between the readings needs to be controlled within 10%.

9. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the fourth step, after the first unloading is completed, stabilize for 30 minutes, measure and record the values ​​of the observation points of the measured deformation, and compare whether the changes before and after are synchronized with the unloading values. If not, stop the unloading, and restart the unloading program after analysis; if the data changes are synchronized, enter the second unloading; After the second unloading is completed, stabilize for 30 minutes, measure and record the values ​​of the sinking deformation observation points, and compare whether the changes before and after are synchronized with the unloading values. If not, stop unloading and restart the unloading program after analysis; If the data changes are synchronized, the third uninstallation will begin; After the third unloading is completed, when the unloading is stable and the temporary support frame (2) is emptied, the unloading of the temporary support frame (2) is completed, and after the final sinking deformation observation data is recorded, the support frame removal process begins.

10. The method for rapid and accurate installation of a large diameter dome steel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the fifth step, the temporary support frame (2) is dismantled by using an on-site crane (6) to cooperate with the construction and dismantling; the dismantling order of the temporary support frame (2) is to dismantle the support first and then the column, and the horizontal support and the inclined support of the temporary support frame (2) are dismantled from top to bottom, and the entire support frame system is dismantled layer by layer multiple times according to the floor height of the standard section.

Images