Compressed air heat and power cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage function and operation method of compressed air heat and power cogeneration system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and discloses a cross-seasonal heat storage compressed air heat and power cogeneration system and an operation method thereof. The compressed air heat and power cogeneration system comprises a compression subsystem and an expansion subsystem. A compression assembly in the compression subsystem generates compressed air, the compressed air is cooled through a heat exchange assembly, a cross-season heat storage device exchanges heat with the compressed air in a heat exchanger to extract and store heat energy, and the cooled compressed air is stored in a compressed air storage device. The expansion subsystem firstly heats compressed air of the compressed air storage device through a heat exchanger and then conveys the compressed air to an expansion assembly for power generation. In the non-heating season, the cross-seasonal heat storage device can store heat energy and supply the heat energy to the heat supply assembly in the heating season, cross-seasonal utilization of the heat energy is achieved, the heat energy utilization efficiency is high, the heat energy is continuously generated and consumed when the system operates, and the cross-seasonal heat storage device, the compression assembly and the heat supply assembly share the heat exchanger; the occupied area of equipment and the cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, and in particular to a compressed air cogeneration system for cross-seasonal heat storage and an operation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Inter-seasonal heat storage technology can store thermal energy such as solar energy and waste heat collected in the non-heating season in a heat storage medium and use it in the heating season. Simply put, inter-seasonal heat storage is to store the waste heat in the summer in a heat storage medium and release the heat in winter for heating. It can effectively solve the problem of mismatch between supply and demand of solar energy, waste heat resources, etc. in time and space, and is a key technology to improve the utilization rate of renewable energy and achieve energy-saving benefits in buildings. The application of large-scale inter-seasonal heat storage plays an important role in achieving reliable heating with low-carbon heat sources. In heating areas with suitable conditions in my country, the large-scale promotion and application of inter-seasonal water body heat storage, as well as the attempt to use large-capacity hot water storage bodies to fully recover various waste heat resources and build a heat sharing system are one of the most promising technical paths for clean heating in the future.

[0003] Inter-seasonal heat storage can be divided into tank heat storage, pool heat storage, underground pipe heat storage and aquifer heat storage according to the different heat storage storage media. Tank heat storage and pool heat storage are collectively referred to as water body heat storage, which mainly uses storage tanks, underground water pools or pits (such as existing mines or newly built mines, etc.) to store heat. However, no matter which storage method is used, there is a problem of low heat storage efficiency. Because there will be energy loss in both the heat storage and extraction process, and long-term storage will especially lead to a significant decrease in thermal efficiency. In addition, heat storage media often take up a lot of space, especially for low-density heat storage media such as water or soil. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a cross-seasonal heat storage compressed air cogeneration system and an operation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of low heat storage efficiency and large space required for heat storage medium in the cross-seasonal heat storage method.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage, comprising:

[0006] A heat exchange component, wherein the heat exchange component comprises a heat exchanger;

[0007] A compression assembly, the compression assembly comprising: a driving mechanism and an air compression mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected to the air compression mechanism, the air outlet of each stage of the air compression mechanism is connected to a group of the heat exchange assembly, and when the multi-stage air compression mechanism is provided, two adjacent stages of the air compression mechanism are connected through the heat exchange assembly;

[0008] An expansion component, the expansion component comprising: an air expansion mechanism and a power generation mechanism, the air expansion mechanism is connected to the power generation mechanism, an air inlet of each stage of the air expansion mechanism is connected to a group of the heat exchange components, and when the multi-stage air expansion mechanism is provided, two adjacent stages of the air expansion mechanism are connected through the heat exchange components;

[0009] A storage component, the storage component comprising: an inter-seasonal heat storage device and a compressed air storage device, the inter-seasonal heat storage device is connected to at least one of the heat exchangers, the compressed air storage device is connected to a group of the heat exchange components connected to the air outlet of the final air compression mechanism, and is connected to a group of the heat exchange components connected to the air inlet of the primary air expansion mechanism;

[0010] A heating component, wherein the heating component is connected to the inter-seasonal heat storage device;

[0011] The compression component, the heat exchange component and the storage component constitute a compression subsystem. When the compression subsystem is in operation, compressed air will be generated and stored in the compressed air storage device; the expansion component, the heat exchange component and the storage component constitute an expansion subsystem. When the expansion subsystem is in operation, the compressed air in the compressed air storage device will be used to generate electricity; the inter-seasonal heat storage device stores thermal energy in the non-heating season, and provides thermal energy to the heating component in the heating season.

[0012] Beneficial Effects

[0013] When the compression subsystem is in operation, the compression component can generate high-temperature compressed air. The high-temperature compressed air carries heat energy and enters the compressed air storage device for storage after being cooled by the heat exchanger. When the high-temperature compressed air flows through the heat exchanger, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device can extract the heat energy of the high-temperature compressed air and store it. The inter-seasonal heat storage device continuously stores heat in the non-heating season, and the inter-seasonal heat storage device can supply the stored heat energy to the heating component in the heating season. When the expansion subsystem is in operation, the low-temperature compressed air in the compressed air storage device is heated by the heat exchanger, and the expansion component uses the heated air to generate electricity. This compressed air cogeneration system can realize the cross-seasonal utilization of heat energy, and the heat energy is continuously generated and consumed when the system is in operation. Therefore, the storage space of the inter-seasonal heat storage device does not need to be set particularly large, and the installation area occupied is relatively small. There will be no continuous heat loss process, and the heat storage efficiency is high.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, each group of the heat exchange components includes a plurality of connected heat exchangers, the compression component includes a plurality of stages of the air compression mechanism, the expansion component includes a plurality of stages of the air expansion mechanism, the number of the air compression mechanisms and the air expansion mechanisms are equal, and each stage of the air compression mechanism and each stage of the air expansion mechanism share a group of the heat exchange components.

[0015] Beneficial Effects

[0016] The multi-stage air compression mechanism can improve the effect of air compression, and the corresponding multi-stage air expansion mechanism can improve the efficiency of air expansion. Setting up multiple heat exchangers can improve the heat exchange efficiency. When the high-temperature compressed air generated by the air compression mechanism is cooled down, the step heat exchange can extract more heat energy. When the low-temperature compressed air is heated up to supply the air expansion mechanism, the step heat exchange can increase the temperature of the compressed air and improve the working efficiency of the air expansion mechanism. In addition, the number of air compression mechanisms and air expansion mechanisms is equal, so the heat exchange components can be shared, the system structure is simplified, and the system operating cost is reduced.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the storage assembly further includes: a low-temperature medium storage device and a high-temperature medium storage device, and the low-temperature medium storage device and the high-temperature medium storage device are both connected to the heat exchanger.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the storage component also includes: a low-temperature medium storage device and a high-temperature medium storage device, and the low-temperature medium storage device and the high-temperature medium storage device are both connected to the remaining heat exchangers other than the heat exchanger connected to the inter-seasonal heat storage device.

[0019] Beneficial Effects

[0020] By specially arranging a low-temperature medium storage device and a high-temperature medium storage device, it is convenient for compressed air to exchange heat in the heat exchanger, thereby improving the efficiency of heat exchange.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the number of the air compression mechanism, the air expansion mechanism and the heat exchange component are all two groups, each group of the heat exchange component includes two heat exchangers, the heat exchanger has two gas interfaces and two liquid interfaces, the first heat exchanger is connected to the gas interface of the second heat exchanger, the other gas interface of the first heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet of the first air compression mechanism and the air inlet of the second air expansion mechanism, and the other gas interface of the second heat exchanger is connected to the air inlet of the second air compression mechanism and the air outlet of the first air expansion mechanism; the third heat exchanger and the fourth heat exchanger are connected to the gas interfaces, the other gas interface of the third heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet of the second air compression mechanism and the air inlet of the first air expansion mechanism, and the other gas interface of the fourth heat exchanger is connected to the compressed air storage device.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the low-temperature medium storage device is connected to one of the liquid interfaces of the first heat exchanger and one of the liquid interfaces of the third heat exchanger, and the high-temperature medium storage device is connected to another of the liquid interfaces of the first heat exchanger and another of the liquid interfaces of the third heat exchanger; the cross-seasonal heat storage device is connected to two of the liquid interfaces of the second heat exchanger and two of the liquid interfaces of the fourth heat exchanger.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, the heating component includes: a heating heat exchanger and a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are connected to a heat exchange channel of the heating heat exchanger, and the inter-seasonal heat storage device is connected to another heat exchange channel of the heating heat exchanger.

[0024] Beneficial Effects

[0025] The heat exchanger is used to provide heat energy to the heating component, so that the quality of the heat exchange medium in the cross-seasonal heat storage device will not change and can be used continuously.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the liquid inlet pipeline is also connected to the fourth heat exchanger, and the fourth heat exchanger is also connected to the heat supply heat exchanger.

[0027] Beneficial Effects

[0028] When the compression subsystem is running, the heating component can use the heat energy of the compressed air in the fourth heat exchanger, and if the heat is insufficient, it can be supplemented by the cross-seasonal heat storage device. In this way, the utilization rate of heat energy in the system is higher.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the cross-seasonal heat storage device includes: a storage cavity, and a waterproof layer and a thermal insulation layer sequentially arranged on the outside of the storage cavity, and a cover is also arranged on the storage cavity.

[0030] Beneficial Effects

[0031] The waterproof layer is provided to prevent leakage of the heat exchange medium in the storage cavity, and the heat insulation layer is provided to reduce heat loss of the heat exchange medium in the storage cavity. The cover is provided to maintain a good sanitary environment in the storage cavity and prevent impurities from entering the storage cavity and contaminating the heat exchange medium.

[0032] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides an operation method of a compressed air cogeneration system, which is applied to the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage, comprising:

[0033] The compression subsystem operates, and the air compression mechanism generates compressed air, which is transported to the compressed air storage device through the heat exchange component. In the non-heating season, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device exchanges heat with the high-temperature compressed air through the heat exchanger to extract and store heat energy; in the heating season, the inter-seasonal heat storage device provides heat energy to the heating component;

[0034] The expansion subsystem is running, and the compressed air is transported from the compressed air storage device to the air expansion mechanism via the heat exchange component to generate electricity. In the non-heating season, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device exchanges heat with the low-temperature compressed air through the heat exchanger to consume heat energy; in the heating season, part of the heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device is supplied to the heating component.

[0035] Beneficial Effects

[0036] The operation method of the compressed air cogeneration system is applied to the compressed air cogeneration system with inter-seasonal heat storage, and has the same effect as the compressed air cogeneration system with inter-seasonal heat storage, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the compression subsystem of the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage in the non-heating season in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the compression subsystem of the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage in the heating season according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 Another operation schematic diagram of the compression subsystem of the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage in the heating season according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of another heating mode of the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage in Example 1 of the present invention when the compression subsystem is running in the heating season;

[0043] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the expansion subsystem of the compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage in the non-heating season according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the expansion subsystem of the compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage in the heating season according to Example 1 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of another heating mode of the compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage in Example 1 of the present invention when the expansion subsystem is running in the heating season;

[0046] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of an inter-seasonal heat storage device in a compressed air combined heat and power generation system with inter-seasonal heat storage in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to Example 2 of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the operation of the expansion subsystem of the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage in the non-heating season according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the expansion subsystem of the compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage in Example 2 of the present invention during the heating season.

[0050] Description of reference numerals:

[0051] 11. a first heat exchanger, 12. a second heat exchanger, 13. a third heat exchanger, 14. a fourth heat exchanger;

[0052] 21. driving mechanism, 221. first air compression mechanism, 222. second air compression mechanism;

[0053] 311, first air expansion mechanism, 312, second air expansion mechanism, 32, power generation mechanism;

[0054] 41. inter-seasonal heat storage device, 411. storage cavity, 412. waterproof layer, 413. thermal insulation layer, 414. cover, 42. compressed air storage device, 43. low-temperature medium storage device, 44. high-temperature medium storage device;

[0055] 51. Heating heat exchanger, 52. Liquid inlet pipe, 53. Liquid outlet pipe, 54. Liquid inlet branch pipe, 55. Heating pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] Combine the following Figures 1 to 9 , describing an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the one hand, a compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage is provided, comprising: a heat exchange component, a compression component, an expansion component, a storage component and a heat supply component. The heat exchange component comprises a heat exchanger. The compression component comprises: a driving mechanism 21 and an air compression mechanism, the driving mechanism 21 is connected to the air compression mechanism, the air outlet of each stage of the air compression mechanism is connected to a group of heat exchange components, and when a multi-stage air compression mechanism is provided, the adjacent two-stage air compression mechanisms are connected through the heat exchange component. The expansion component comprises: an air expansion mechanism and a power generation mechanism 32, the air expansion mechanism is connected to the power generation mechanism 32, the air inlet of each stage of the air expansion mechanism is connected to a group of heat exchange components, and when a multi-stage air expansion mechanism is provided, the adjacent two-stage air expansion mechanisms are connected through the heat exchange component. The storage component comprises: a cross-seasonal heat storage device 41 and a compressed air storage device 42, the cross-seasonal heat storage device 41 is connected to at least one heat exchanger, the compressed air storage device 42 is connected to a group of heat exchange components connected to the air outlet of the final stage air compression mechanism, and is connected to a group of heat exchange components connected to the air inlet of the primary air expansion mechanism. The heating component is connected to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41. The compression component, the heat exchange component and the storage component constitute a compression subsystem. When the compression subsystem is in operation, compressed air is generated and stored in the compressed air storage device 42. The expansion component, the heat exchange component and the storage component constitute an expansion subsystem. When the expansion subsystem is in operation, the compressed air in the compressed air storage device 42 is used to generate electricity. The inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 stores thermal energy in the non-heating season, and provides thermal energy to the heating component in the heating season.

[0063] Specifically, the number of heat exchange components can be one group or multiple groups, which is adapted to the number of air compression mechanisms and air expansion mechanisms. The number of heat exchangers in the heat exchange component can be one or multiple. When multiple heat exchangers are provided, they are connected in sequence, and multiple heat exchanges can be performed, and the heat exchange effect is better. The heat exchanger has two heat exchange channels and four interfaces, one of which is a gas flow channel for compressed air to circulate, and correspondingly, the two interfaces thereon are the first gas interface and the second gas interface; the other heat exchange channel is a liquid flow channel for heat exchange medium to circulate, and correspondingly, the two interfaces thereon are the first liquid interface and the second liquid interface.

[0064] The driving mechanism 21 in the compression assembly provides power for the operation of the air compression mechanism, and the driving mechanism 21 can generally be a motor. The air compression mechanism can be an air compressor, which has an air inlet and an air outlet. When a multi-stage air compression mechanism is provided, the air inlet of the primary air compression mechanism is connected to the atmosphere, and the air outlet of the final air compression mechanism is connected to the compressed air storage device 42. The adjacent two-stage air compression mechanism connects the air outlet of the previous stage air compression mechanism with the air inlet of the next stage air compression mechanism through a set of heat exchange components.

[0065] The air expansion mechanism in the expansion assembly can expand the compressed air, thereby driving the power generation mechanism 32 to generate electricity. The air expansion mechanism can be an air expander, and the power generation mechanism 32 can be a turbine. When a multi-stage air expansion mechanism is provided, the air inlet of the primary air expansion mechanism is connected to the compressed air storage device 42, and the air outlet of the final air expansion mechanism is connected to the atmosphere. The adjacent two-stage air expansion mechanism connects the air outlet of the previous stage air expansion mechanism with the air inlet of the next stage air expansion mechanism through a set of heat exchange components.

[0066] The cross-season heat storage device 41 is provided with a heat exchange medium, which can exchange heat with compressed air. The conventional heat exchange medium can be water, which has low cost and high economic benefits. The compressed air storage device 42 is a storage container for compressed air, and generally a gas storage tank can be selected.

[0067] The compressed air cogeneration system can be divided into two subsystems according to its operation process, namely the compression subsystem and the expansion subsystem. The compression subsystem generates compressed air through the compression component. At this time, the compressed air temperature is relatively high and carries heat energy. The high-temperature compressed air needs to be cooled by the heat exchange component before it can be stored in the compressed air storage device 42. During the heat exchange process, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 flows through the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the high-temperature compressed air to absorb heat energy, and then returns to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 for storage. That is to say, when the compression subsystem is running, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 can extract and store heat energy. Therefore, in the non-heating season, when the compression subsystem is running, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 can continuously extract and store heat energy. When the heating season comes, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 can supply heat energy to the heating component for use, thereby realizing the inter-seasonal use of heat energy. The operation of the expansion subsystem uses the compressed air generated by the compression subsystem. The compressed air storage device 42 heats the compressed air stored inside through a heat exchanger and then supplies it to the air expansion mechanism. The air expansion mechanism uses the compressed air to drive the power generation mechanism 32 to generate electricity. Therefore, the compressed air cogeneration system can achieve combined heat and electricity. In contrast to the compression subsystem, the operation of the expansion subsystem is actually a process that consumes heat energy.

[0068] This compressed air cogeneration system can realize the cross-seasonal use of thermal energy, and the cross-seasonal heat storage device 41 can continuously store heat when the compression subsystem is running, and can continuously supply thermal energy during the heating season. Therefore, the storage space of the cross-seasonal heat storage device 41 is relatively small, and thermal energy will not be lost or damaged, and the energy storage efficiency is relatively high.

[0069] In one embodiment, each group of heat exchange components includes a plurality of connected heat exchangers, the compression component includes a multi-stage air compression mechanism, and the expansion component includes a multi-stage air expansion mechanism. The number of air compression mechanisms and air expansion mechanisms is equal, and each stage of air compression mechanism and each stage of air expansion mechanism share a group of heat exchange components.

[0070] The multiple heat exchangers in the heat exchange assembly can realize step heat exchange with better heat exchange effect. The air compression efficiency can be improved by setting a multi-stage air compression mechanism, and the multi-stage air expansion mechanism can improve the expansion efficiency of compressed air. Moreover, since the compression subsystem and the expansion subsystem generally operate separately, that is, the two subsystems do not operate at the same time, each stage of the air compression mechanism and each stage of the air expansion mechanism share a set of heat exchange components, which can simplify the system structure and reduce economic costs.

[0071] In other embodiments, the air compression mechanism and the air expansion mechanism may not share a heat exchange component. That is, each stage of the air compression mechanism uses a separate set of heat exchange components, and each stage of the air expansion mechanism also uses a separate set of heat exchange components. The number of heat exchange components is equal to the sum of the number of air compression mechanisms and air expansion mechanisms.

[0072] In one embodiment, the storage component also includes: a low-temperature medium storage device 43 and a high-temperature medium storage device 44, and the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 are both connected to the remaining heat exchangers other than the heat exchanger connected to the cross-seasonal heat storage device 41.

[0073] That is to say, when there are multiple air compression mechanisms, multiple air expansion mechanisms, and each heat exchange assembly includes multiple connected heat exchangers, the cross-season heat storage device 41 is connected to a part of the heat exchangers, and the remaining heat exchangers are connected to the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44. When the compression subsystem is running, the low-temperature medium storage device 43 flows through the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the high-temperature compressed air and then flows to the high-temperature medium storage device 44. When the expansion subsystem is running, the high-temperature medium storage device 44 flows through the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the low-temperature compressed air and then flows to the low-temperature medium storage device 43. The heat exchange medium in the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 can be selected from heat transfer oil, silicone oil, molten salt, etc. When there are multiple air compression mechanisms, multiple air expansion mechanisms, and each heat exchange assembly includes multiple connected heat exchangers, if heat exchange is performed only through the water of the cross-season heat storage device 41, the heat exchange efficiency is very low. Therefore, it is necessary to set the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 for heat exchange.

[0074] In other embodiments, the compression component may also be provided with only one-stage air compression mechanism, and the expansion component may also be provided with only one-stage air expansion mechanism. Accordingly, the heat exchange component is also provided as a group, so that when the compression subsystem is running and the expansion subsystem is running, the cross-season heat storage device 41 and the heat exchange component need to perform heat exchange. In this way, the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 may not be provided additionally.

[0075] Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of air compression mechanisms, air expansion mechanisms and heat exchange components are two groups, and each group of heat exchange components includes two heat exchangers, namely, the first heat exchanger 11, the second heat exchanger 12, the third heat exchanger 13 and the fourth heat exchanger 14. The first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 are a group, and the third heat exchanger 13 and the fourth heat exchanger 14 are a group. Each heat exchanger has two gas interfaces and two liquid interfaces. The first heat exchanger 11 is connected to the gas interface of the second heat exchanger 12, another gas interface of the first heat exchanger 11 is connected to the air outlet of the first air compression mechanism 221 and the air inlet of the second air expansion mechanism 312, and another gas interface of the second heat exchanger 12 is connected to the air inlet of the second air compression mechanism 222 and the air outlet of the first air expansion mechanism 311; the gas interfaces of the third heat exchanger 13 and the fourth heat exchanger 14 are connected, another gas interface of the third heat exchanger 13 is connected to the air outlet of the second air compression mechanism 222 and the air inlet of the first air expansion mechanism 311, and another gas interface of the fourth heat exchanger 14 is connected to the compressed air storage device 42.

[0076] Furthermore, the low-temperature medium storage device 43 is connected to a liquid interface of the first heat exchanger 11 and a liquid interface of the third heat exchanger 13, and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 is connected to another liquid interface of the first heat exchanger 11 and another liquid interface of the third heat exchanger 13; the cross-season heat storage device 41 is connected to two liquid interfaces of the second heat exchanger 12 and two liquid interfaces of the fourth heat exchanger 14. That is to say, when the compression subsystem and the expansion subsystem are in operation, the first heat exchanger 11 and the third heat exchanger 13 are heat exchanged by the heat exchange medium provided by the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44, while the second heat exchanger 12 and the fourth heat exchanger 14 are heat exchanged by the heat exchange medium provided by the cross-season heat storage device 41.

[0077] In one embodiment, the heating component includes: a heating heat exchanger 51 and a liquid inlet pipe 52 and a liquid outlet pipe 53, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 52 and the liquid outlet pipe 53 are connected to a heat exchange channel of the heating heat exchanger 51, and the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is connected to another heat exchange channel of the heating heat exchanger 51.

[0078] Specifically, the heating heat exchanger 51 also has two heat exchange channels and four interfaces. The inlet pipe 52 and the outlet pipe 53 are connected to one of the flow channels. The inlet pipe 52 contains cold water, which becomes hot water after heat exchange in the heating heat exchanger 51 and flows out from the outlet pipe 53. The inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is connected to another heat exchange channel. The cold water exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium input from the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 in another heat exchange channel in the heat exchange channel. The cold water extracts heat energy and is heated, and then is sent to the heat-using equipment through the outlet pipe 53. The heat energy stored in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is utilized during the heating season.

[0079] In one embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 52 is also connected to the fourth heat exchanger 14 , and the fourth heat exchanger 14 is also connected to the heat supply heat exchanger 51 .

[0080] Specifically, the liquid inlet pipe 52 is connected to the fourth heat exchanger 14 through the liquid inlet branch pipe 54, and is heated by the high-temperature compressed air in the fourth heat exchanger 14 to fully utilize the heat energy in the compressed air. After being heated, the cold water enters the heating heat exchanger 51 from the fourth heat exchanger 14, and the heat exchange medium supplied to the heating heat exchanger 51 by the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 replenishes the heat energy and heats up again. Of course, if the water temperature of the cold water meets the use requirements after being heated by the fourth heater, there is no need for the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 to continue heating in the heating heat exchanger 51. This connection method can make full use of the heat energy in the compressed air and improve the utilization rate of the heat energy.

[0081] In another embodiment, the heating component can be a heating pipe 55, and the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is directly supplied to the heating pipe 55 and then transported to the heat-using equipment, but in this case, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 needs to be replenished simultaneously.

[0082] In one embodiment, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 includes: a storage cavity 411 and a waterproof layer 412 and a heat-insulating layer 413 sequentially arranged on the outside of the storage cavity 411 . A cover 414 is also arranged on the storage cavity 411 .

[0083] The cross-season heat storage device 41 can be in various shapes such as a tank, a box, etc., and the internal storage cavity 411 is used to store the heat exchange medium. The waterproof layer 412 outside the storage cavity 411 is used to prevent the leakage of the heat exchange medium, and the insulation layer 413 outside the waterproof layer 412 is used to prevent the external environment from exchanging heat with the heat exchange medium in the storage cavity 411, thereby reducing heat loss. The cover 414 provided on the storage cavity 411 is used to prevent external impurities from entering the storage cavity 411, thereby ensuring the sanitary environment in the storage cavity 411 and preventing impurities from being mixed in the heat exchange medium and clogging the pipeline or device when the system is running.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, on the other hand, a method for operating a compressed air cogeneration system is also provided, which is applied to a compressed air cogeneration system for cross-seasonal heat storage. The structure of the compressed air cogeneration system is the same as the compressed air cogeneration system described in the above embodiment, so it will not be repeated here.

[0085] The operation method of the compressed air combined heat and power system includes:

[0086] (1) The compression subsystem is running, and the air compression mechanism generates compressed air, which is then transported to the compressed air storage device 42 through the heat exchange component. In the non-heating season, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 exchanges heat with the high-temperature compressed air through the heat exchanger to extract and store heat energy; in the heating season, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 provides heat energy to the heating component.

[0087] This embodiment is provided with a two-stage air compression mechanism, a two-stage air expansion mechanism, and each set of heat exchange components includes two connected heat exchangers. Figure 2 As shown, the operation process of the compression subsystem is as follows: the driving mechanism 21 starts to drive the first air compression mechanism 221 and the second air compression mechanism 222 to work. The first air compression mechanism 221 compresses the air, and then sends the compressed air to the second air compression mechanism 222 through the first heat exchanger 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 in sequence. The high-temperature compressed air is heat-exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the low-temperature medium storage device 43 in the first heat exchanger 11, and the heat exchange medium flows out of the first heat exchanger 11 and enters the high-temperature medium storage device 44; after the high-temperature compressed air is initially cooled in the first heat exchanger 11, it is heat-exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 in the second heat exchanger 12, and the heat exchange medium flows out of the second heat exchanger 12 and returns to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41. At this time, the heat exchange medium absorbs heat and heats up, and the compressed air is cooled again. Subsequently, the compressed air enters the second air compression mechanism 222 for compression again, and then passes through the third heat exchanger 13 and the fourth heat exchanger 14 and enters the compressed air storage device 42. In the third heat exchanger 13, heat is also exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the low-temperature medium storage device 43, and in the fourth heat exchanger 14, heat is also exchanged with the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41, and finally enters the compressed air storage device 42 from the fourth heat exchanger 14. In the non-heating season, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 exchanges heat with the compressed air in the heat exchanger through the internal heat exchange medium, extracts heat, and then returns to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 for storage.

[0088] In the heating season, the heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 can be supplied to the heating component. Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 52 first enters the fourth heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the compressed air, and then enters the heating heat exchanger 51, and the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 further provides heat energy for heat exchange, that is, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 no longer enters the fourth heat exchanger 14. The cold water in the liquid inlet pipe 52 is heated twice by the fourth heat exchanger 14 and the heating heat exchanger 51, which can not only make full use of the heat energy in the compressed air, but also save the consumption of heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41. In the heating season, the heating component can use the heat energy stored in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 in the non-heating season, and the compression subsystem will still extract heat energy from the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 in the heating season, and continuously supply it to the heating component to meet the heat energy demand of the heating component.

[0089] In another embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the liquid inlet pipe 52 is directly connected to the heat supply heat exchanger 51, and the cold water enters the heat supply heat exchanger 51, and then exchanges heat with the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41, and is sent to the heat-using equipment through the liquid outlet pipe 53 after being heated. In this heating mode, the cold water in the liquid inlet pipe 52 does not use the heat energy of the compressed air, and the required heat energy is completely provided by the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41.

[0090] In other embodiments, when the heating component is a heating pipe 55, the heating method is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 directly delivers the internal heat exchange medium to the heating pipe 55, and then delivers it to the heat-using equipment by the heating pipe 55. However, this heating method will consume the heat exchange medium inside the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41, so it is necessary to replenish the heat exchange medium to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 simultaneously.

[0091] (2) The expansion subsystem is in operation. The compressed air is transported from the compressed air storage device 42 to the air expansion mechanism via the heat exchange component to generate electricity. In the non-heating season, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 exchanges heat with the low-temperature compressed air through the heat exchanger to consume heat energy. In the heating season, part of the heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is supplied to the heating component.

[0092] Non-heating season, such as Figure 6As shown, the operation process of the expansion subsystem is as follows: the compressed air in the compressed air storage device 42 enters the fourth heat exchanger 14, then enters the third heat exchanger 13 from the fourth heat exchanger 14, and then enters the first air expansion mechanism 311. The low-temperature compressed air enters the fourth heat exchanger 14 and heats up with the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 through heat exchange, and the heat exchange medium returns to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 from the fourth heat exchanger 14. After that, the compressed air heats up again through heat exchange with the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature medium storage device 44 in the third heat exchanger 13, and the heat exchange medium returns to the low-temperature medium storage device 43. After the compressed air expands in the first air expansion mechanism 311, it passes through the second heat exchanger 12 and the first heat exchanger 11 in sequence and enters the second air expansion mechanism 312. The compressed air heats up with the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 through heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 12, and the heat exchange medium returns to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 from the fourth heat exchanger 14. Afterwards, the compressed air is heated again by heat exchange with the heat exchange medium in the high-temperature medium storage device 44 in the first heat exchanger 11, and the heat exchange medium returns to the low-temperature medium storage device 43. The compressed air enters the second air expansion mechanism 312 and expands again to drive the power generation mechanism 32 to generate electricity, so that the system can provide electrical energy. The operation of the compression subsystem can produce compressed air, and the operation of the expansion subsystem requires compressed air. Therefore, the compression subsystem is generally operated first, and the expansion subsystem is operated later. Because when the expansion subsystem is operating, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 stores heat energy when the compression subsystem was previously operating. The operation of the expansion subsystem is a process that consumes heat energy. In the non-heating season, part of the heat energy required for heating the compressed air is provided by the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41.

[0093] In the heating season, the heating process of the compression subsystem is as follows Figure 7 As shown, the cold water in the liquid inlet pipe 52 enters the heat exchanger 51 for heat exchange with the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41. After absorbing heat energy and heating, the cold water enters the liquid outlet pipe 53 from the heat exchanger 51 and is then supplied to the heat-using equipment. That is to say, part of the heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is used for heating the compressed air, and part is used for the heating component.

[0094] In other embodiments, when the heating component is a heating pipe 55, the heating method during the operation of the compression subsystem is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 directly delivers the internal heat exchange medium to the heating pipe 55, and then delivers it to the heat-using equipment by the heating pipe 55. However, this heating method will consume the heat exchange medium inside the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41, so it is necessary to replenish the heat exchange medium to the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 simultaneously.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] like Fig.10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 in storage are connected to the heat exchanger in different ways. In this embodiment, the low-temperature medium storage device 43 and the high-temperature medium storage device 44 are connected to each heat exchanger. That is, one of the two liquid interfaces of each heat exchanger is connected to the low-temperature medium storage device 43, and the other is connected to the high-temperature medium storage device 44.

[0097] The operation process of the compression subsystem is the same as that of Example 1. The heat exchange medium in the cross-season heat storage device 41 exchanges heat with the compressed air in the second heat exchanger 12 and the fourth heat exchanger 14, extracts heat energy and stores it, and supplies the heat energy to the heating component in the heating season. Fig.11 , Fig.12 As shown, when the expansion subsystem is in operation, the heat energy required for the compressed air to exchange heat in the four heat exchangers is provided by the high-temperature medium storage device 44, and the heat exchange medium enters the low-temperature medium storage device 43 after heat exchange. In the non-heating season, the heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is not used. In the heating season, the heat energy stored in the inter-seasonal heat storage device 41 is all supplied to the heating component for use.

[0098] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage, characterized in that: include: A heat exchange component, wherein the heat exchange component comprises a heat exchanger; A compression assembly, the compression assembly comprising: a driving mechanism (21) and an air compression mechanism, the driving mechanism (21) being connected to the air compression mechanism, an air outlet of each stage of the air compression mechanism being connected to a group of the heat exchange assemblies, and when multiple stages of the air compression mechanism are provided, two adjacent stages of the air compression mechanism are connected via the heat exchange assemblies; An expansion component, the expansion component comprising: an air expansion mechanism and a power generation mechanism (32), the air expansion mechanism being connected to the power generation mechanism (32), the air inlet of each stage of the air expansion mechanism being connected to a group of the heat exchange components, and when multiple stages of the air expansion mechanism are provided, two adjacent stages of the air expansion mechanism are connected via the heat exchange components; A storage component, the storage component comprising: an inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) and a compressed air storage device (42), the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) being connected to at least one of the heat exchangers, the compressed air storage device (42) being connected to a group of the heat exchange components connected to an air outlet of a final-stage air compression mechanism, and being connected to a group of the heat exchange components connected to an air inlet of a primary air expansion mechanism; A heating component, the heating component being connected to the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41); The compression component, the heat exchange component and the storage component constitute a compression subsystem. When the compression subsystem is in operation, compressed air is generated and stored in the compressed air storage device (42); the expansion component, the heat exchange component and the storage component constitute an expansion subsystem. When the expansion subsystem is in operation, the compressed air in the compressed air storage device (42) is used to generate electricity; in the non-heating season, the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) stores thermal energy, and in the heating season, the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) provides thermal energy for the heating component.

2. The compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each group of the heat exchange components includes a plurality of connected heat exchangers, the compression component includes a plurality of stages of the air compression mechanism, the expansion component includes a plurality of stages of the air expansion mechanism, the number of the air compression mechanisms and the air expansion mechanisms are equal, and each stage of the air compression mechanism and each stage of the air expansion mechanism share a group of the heat exchange components.

3. The compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The storage assembly further comprises: a low-temperature medium storage device (43) and a high-temperature medium storage device (44), wherein the low-temperature medium storage device (43) and the high-temperature medium storage device (44) are connected to each of the heat exchangers.

4. The compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The storage assembly further comprises: a low-temperature medium storage device (43) and a high-temperature medium storage device (44), wherein the low-temperature medium storage device (43) and the high-temperature medium storage device (44) are both connected to the remaining heat exchangers other than the heat exchanger connected to the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41).

5. The compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The number of the air compression mechanism, the air expansion mechanism and the heat exchange assembly is two groups, and each group of the heat exchange assembly includes two heat exchangers, and the heat exchangers have two gas interfaces and two liquid interfaces. The first heat exchanger (11) is connected to the gas interface of the second heat exchanger (12), and the other gas interface of the first heat exchanger (11) is connected to the air outlet of the first air compression mechanism (221) and the air inlet of the second air expansion mechanism (312), and the other gas interface of the second heat exchanger (12) is connected to the air inlet of the second air compression mechanism (222) and the air outlet of the first air expansion mechanism (311); the third heat exchanger (13) and the fourth heat exchanger (14) are connected to the gas interface, and the other gas interface of the third heat exchanger (13) is connected to the air outlet of the second air compression mechanism (222) and the air inlet of the first air expansion mechanism (311), and the other gas interface of the fourth heat exchanger (14) is connected to the compressed air storage device (42).

6. The compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The low-temperature medium storage device (43) is connected to one of the liquid interfaces of the first heat exchanger (11) and one of the liquid interfaces of the third heat exchanger (13); the high-temperature medium storage device (44) is connected to another of the liquid interfaces of the first heat exchanger (11) and another of the liquid interfaces of the third heat exchanger (13); and the cross-seasonal heat storage device (41) is connected to two of the liquid interfaces of the second heat exchanger (12) and two of the liquid interfaces of the fourth heat exchanger (14).

7. The compressed air cogeneration system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The heating component comprises: a heating heat exchanger (51), a liquid inlet pipe (52), and a liquid outlet pipe (53); the liquid inlet pipe (52) and the liquid outlet pipe (53) are connected to a heat exchange channel of the heating heat exchanger (51); and the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) is connected to another heat exchange channel of the heating heat exchanger (51).

8. The compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The liquid inlet pipe (52) is also connected to the fourth heat exchanger (14), and the fourth heat exchanger (14) is also connected to the heat supply heat exchanger (51).

9. The compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-season heat storage device (41) comprises: a storage cavity (411), and a waterproof layer (412) and a heat-insulating layer (413) sequentially arranged outside the storage cavity (411); and a cover (414) is also arranged on the storage cavity (411).

10. An operating method of a compressed air combined heat and power system, applied to the compressed air combined heat and power system with cross-seasonal heat storage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The compression subsystem is running, and the air compression mechanism generates compressed air, which is transported to the compressed air storage device (42) through the heat exchange component. In the non-heating season, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) exchanges heat with the high-temperature compressed air through the heat exchanger to extract heat energy and store it; in the heating season, the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) provides heat energy to the heating component; The expansion subsystem is in operation, the compressed air is transported from the compressed air storage device (42) to the air expansion mechanism via the heat exchange component to generate electricity, and in the non-heating season, the heat exchange medium in the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) exchanges heat with the low-temperature compressed air via the heat exchanger, consuming heat energy; During the heating season, part of the heat energy in the inter-seasonal heat storage device (41) is supplied to the heating component.

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