Spatial configuration evaluation method and system for urban public service facilities

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a spatial configuration evaluation method and system for urban public service facilities. The spatial configuration evaluation method comprises the following steps: acquiring road network data, building object data and population database data of a city; based on the road network data and the building object data, obtaining the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, and further obtaining the minimum walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types; and based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, correcting the minimum walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types to obtain the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types, and generating an evaluation report in combination with population database data. Therefore, the overall spatial configuration evaluation of the urban public service facilities is realized, and the accuracy, pertinence and practicability of the evaluation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Multiple embodiments of this specification relate to the technical field of public service facility evaluation, and specifically to a method and system for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of residents' living standards, residents' requirements for the convenience of public service facilities are increasing. Especially in the central areas of cities, residents have higher expectations for convenient and efficient public service facilities. Against this background, the concept of "15-minute living circle" came into being, which emphasizes that all kinds of public service facilities including medical care, education, culture, sports, etc. are covered within a 15-minute walking distance.

[0003] In order to achieve the goal of "15-minute living circle", it is particularly important to conduct a scientific and reasonable spatial configuration evaluation of public service facilities in the city, accurately evaluate the spatial configuration of public service facilities in the city, and provide a scientific basis for urban planning. The existing evaluation methods mainly include simple buffer method and network analysis method. The simple buffer method uses GIS (Geographic Information System) software to draw a circular buffer with a certain radius (such as the straight-line distance corresponding to the 15-minute walking distance) with the public service facility as the center, and use this as the reachable range of the public service facility within a certain period of time to evaluate the coverage of the public service facility; the network analysis method uses the network analysis function of GIS, considers the actual road network structure and traffic restrictions, and evaluates the accessibility of public service facilities by simulating point-to-point walking paths, thereby evaluating the coverage of public service facilities.

[0004] However, the simple buffer method simply delineates the coverage of each public service facility, ignoring the impact of factors such as the actual road network structure, traffic conditions, and terrain undulations on walking accessibility, resulting in inaccurate evaluation results; the network analysis method takes into account the actual road network structure and traffic restrictions, and is more accurate than the simple buffer method, but can only provide point-to-point shortest path analysis, making it difficult to fully reflect the comprehensive accessibility of facilities in the entire living circle, and lacks support for complex path planning. Both methods cannot achieve accurate and comprehensive evaluation of public service facilities in the city. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of this specification provide a method and system for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities, so as to realize the spatial configuration evaluation of the overall urban public service facilities, improve the accuracy, pertinence and practicality of the evaluation, and guide urban planning and management, so as to accelerate the realization of the goal of "15-minute living circle". The technical solution is as follows: In a first aspect, the embodiments of this specification provide a method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities, including: Acquire the city's road network data, physical building data and population database data, wherein the physical building data includes the residential building locations corresponding to each of the multiple residential buildings and the public service facility locations and types corresponding to each of the multiple public service facilities, and the population database data includes the distribution of the number of different group types corresponding to each of the residential buildings; Based on road network data and physical building data, obtain the corresponding walking time from each residential building to each public service facility; Based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; Based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types is corrected to obtain the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types; An evaluation report is generated based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to public service facilities of different types and population database data.

[0006] As a preferred solution, the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is corrected based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, so as to obtain the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, including: Obtain the correction coefficient corresponding to each service group type; Based on the correction coefficient corresponding to each service group type and the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types, the corrected walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types is obtained.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the evaluation report is generated based on the corresponding corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types and the population database data, including: Divide the city to obtain an urban honeycomb grid composed of multiple honeycomb units, and obtain the residential buildings contained in each honeycomb unit based on the physical building data; Based on the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, the grid walking time from each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; For each honeycomb unit, population structure data representing the distribution of the number of people of different group types corresponding to the honeycomb unit is obtained based on the population database data; An evaluation report is generated based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the grid walking time corresponding to each type of public service facility from each residential building is obtained based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each type of public service facility from each residential building, including: Based on the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, respectively obtain the corrected walking time from all residential buildings contained in each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; For each cellular unit, based on the corrected walking time to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities corresponding to all residential buildings contained in the cellular unit, the grid walking time corresponding to the cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; The obtaining of the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit and the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities includes: Select any public service facility type as the first facility type; Obtaining the corrected walking time from all residential buildings included in the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type, and taking the average of the corrected walking time from all residential buildings included in the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type as the grid walking time from the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type; The above steps are repeated until the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit and the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the evaluation report is generated based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, including: Based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, the average walking time required to reach the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities in the city is obtained respectively; Generate an evaluation report based on the average walking time required to reach different types of public service facilities in the city; The method of obtaining the average walking time required to reach public service facilities of different types in the city includes: Select any public service facility type as the second facility type; Based on the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, obtaining the grid target number of people of each cellular unit corresponding to the service group type corresponding to the second facility type; Based on the grid target number of each cellular unit corresponding to the service group type corresponding to the second facility type and the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facility of the second facility type, the total walking time corresponding to each cellular unit is obtained; Obtaining the target total number of people of the service group type corresponding to the second facility type based on the population database data; Based on the total walking time corresponding to each cellular unit and the target total number of people of the service group type corresponding to the second facility type, the average walking time required for the city to reach the public service facilities of the second facility type is obtained; Repeat the above steps until the average walking time corresponding to the public service facilities of different types in the city is obtained.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the space configuration evaluation method further includes: Based on the grid walking time corresponding to each of all cellular units to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, the convenience level of all cellular units is obtained according to preset rules; Generate an evaluation report based on the convenience level corresponding to all cellular units; Furthermore, when there are honeycomb units that do not include residential buildings, the grid walking times corresponding to the honeycomb units to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities are respectively obtained based on the center point position of the honeycomb units that do not include residential buildings.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the step of obtaining the grid walking time corresponding to each of the honeycomb units to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the center point position of the honeycomb unit that does not include residential buildings includes: Based on the road network data, the walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit excluding residential buildings to each public service facility is obtained; Based on the walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to each public service facility, the supplementary minimum walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; Based on the service group types corresponding to different types of public service facilities, the corresponding supplementary minimum walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is corrected to obtain the corresponding supplementary corrected walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; The supplementary corrected walking time from the center point of a honeycomb unit that does not include residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is used as the grid walking time from the honeycomb unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the minimum walking time from each residential building to each public service facility is obtained based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, including: Select any public service facility type as the third facility type; Obtaining the service level corresponding to each public service facility in the third facility type; For each residential building, based on the walking time from the residential building to each public service facility in the third facility type and the service level of each public service facility in the third facility type, the shortest time corresponding to the public service facility of each service level in the third facility type is obtained respectively; Obtaining the minimum walking time from the residential building to the public service facilities of the third facility type based on the shortest time corresponding to the public service facilities of each service level in the third facility type from the residential building; Repeat the above steps until the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the road network data, physical building data and population database data are updated in real time.

[0014] In a second aspect, the embodiments of this specification provide a spatial configuration evaluation system for urban public service facilities, including: Information acquisition module, path planning module, data correction module and facility evaluation module; The information acquisition module acquires the city's road network data, physical building data and population database data, wherein the physical building data includes the residential building locations corresponding to each of the multiple residential buildings and the public service facility locations and types corresponding to each of the multiple public service facilities, and the population database data includes the distribution of the number of people of different groups corresponding to each of the residential buildings; The path planning module obtains the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility based on the road network data and the physical building data; based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, obtains the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types; The data correction module corrects the minimum walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, so as to obtain the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; The facility evaluation module generates an evaluation report based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types and the population database data.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of this specification provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory; the processor is connected to the memory; the memory is used to store executable program code; the processor runs a program corresponding to the executable program code by reading the executable program code stored in the memory, so as to execute the steps described in the first aspect of the above embodiment.

[0016] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of this specification provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, wherein the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the steps described in the first aspect of the above embodiment.

[0017] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided by some embodiments of this specification include at least: 1. Build an accurate analysis foundation based on building entities and road network data, plan walking paths, and accurately locate the starting point of the walking path to the entrances and exits of residential building entities and public service facilities entities to improve the accuracy of obtaining walking time; 2. Different types of public service facilities serve different groups, and different groups have different demands for public service facilities. According to different groups, public service facilities can be classified into different audiences, such as the elderly, infants, and teenagers, and classified evaluations can be conducted for different audiences to make the evaluation results more targeted and practical; 3. Establish a comprehensive classification evaluation system based on the number of different groups of people in a single residential building and the corresponding walking time, so as to evaluate the overall spatial configuration of urban public service facilities and improve the accuracy, pertinence and practicality of the evaluation; 4. Design correction coefficients for different groups and correct walking time to make the analysis data closer to reality and improve the accuracy of the assessment; 5. According to the service capacity of each public service facility, the service level is divided into different levels. The walking time required to reach the same type of public service facilities but different service levels is comprehensively considered to determine the final walking time used to evaluate the convenience of each building entity, so as to further improve the accuracy of obtaining the walking time; 6. Update road network data, physical building data and population database data in real time to ensure the real-time nature of the data to support analysis and evaluation, so that the analysis and evaluation results can truly reflect the current spatial configuration of different types of public service facilities in the city; 7. A multi-dimensional dynamic evaluation system has been implemented, including types of public service facilities, grades of public service facilities and types of service groups. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the urban honeycomb grid obtained after the evaluation of only one public service facility in the evaluation area that meets the evaluation type of public service facilities; Figure 3 There are two public service facilities in the evaluation area that meet the evaluation type of public service facilities. The schematic diagram of the urban honeycomb grid obtained after the evaluation; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a spatial configuration evaluation system for urban public service facilities provided in an embodiment of this specification; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this specification.

[0021] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. in the description and claims of this specification and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0022] The following description provides examples and does not limit the scope, applicability or examples set forth in the claims. Changes may be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements described without departing from the scope of the present specification. Various processes or components may be appropriately omitted, substituted or added to each example. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from the order described, and various steps may be added, omitted or combined. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0023] With the acceleration of urbanization, more and more cities are beginning to adopt the planning concept of "15-minute living circle" to improve the quality of life of residents and the efficiency of urban operation. The present invention can accurately evaluate the spatial configuration of public service facilities in the city and provide a scientific basis for urban planning.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities provided in an embodiment of this specification, which may include at least the following steps: Step 102: Obtain the city's road network data, physical building data, and population database data; Step 104: Based on the road network data and physical building data, obtain the walking time corresponding to each residential building to each public service facility; Step 106: based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, obtain the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types; Step 108: based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, correct the minimum walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types, so as to obtain the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types; Step 110: Generate an evaluation report based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population database data.

[0025] The physical building data include the residential building locations corresponding to each of the multiple residential buildings and the public service facility locations and types corresponding to each of the multiple public service facilities, and the population database data include the distribution of the number of people of different group types corresponding to each of the residential buildings.

[0026] Illustratively, the road network data covers detailed information on various roads, bridges, overpasses, traffic lights, etc. in the city; the physical building data includes the location data and 3D models of residential buildings and public service facilities. Public service facilities are public service facilities. The types of public service facilities are classified according to the attributes of public service facilities and the objects of service, such as hospitals, schools, parks, markets, etc. Further physical building data also includes internal passages, stairs, elevators, etc. in buildings; population database data includes the distribution information and age structure of the urban population. The various types of data obtained are integrated into people, houses, and roads to form a comprehensive data set.

[0027] Interpretatively, using GIS technology and path planning algorithms, considering the traffic conditions such as internal passages, stairs, elevators in buildings, as well as obstacles and traffic restrictions such as traffic lights and pedestrian bridges in the road network, it simulates the walking behavior of pedestrians from each residential building to each public service facility in the actual road network and accurately calculates the walking time required for each.

[0028] Illustratively, the evaluation is conducted separately according to the service group types corresponding to the types of public service facilities, so that the evaluation results are more targeted and practical. For any residential building, the minimum walking time is obtained based on the walking time from the residential building to multiple public service facilities of a certain type of public service facility. For example, based on the principle of proximity, the minimum walking time from the residential building to multiple public service facilities of the public service facility type is taken as the minimum walking time from the residential building to the public service facilities of the public service facility type. Then, the minimum walking time is corrected according to the service group type corresponding to the type of public service facility to obtain the corrected walking time. In this way, the corrected walking time corresponding to each of the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities can be obtained from all residential buildings in the city, that is, each residential building has a corrected walking time corresponding to each type of public service facility. Finally, an evaluation report is generated based on the distribution of the number of people of different group types corresponding to each residential building, reflecting the spatial configuration and convenience of various public service facilities in the city.

[0029] When conducting spatial configuration evaluation, the evaluation area can be arbitrarily demarcated in the city, and an evaluation report can be generated based on the corresponding modified walking time from all residential buildings covered in the evaluation area to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the distribution of different types of people in the evaluation area. It is possible to evaluate one or more types of public service facilities in the evaluation area, and according to the different types of public service facilities being evaluated, the corresponding modified walking time from residential buildings to a public service facility of a certain type and the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type are selected to calculate the evaluation results and generate an evaluation report.

[0030] In multiple embodiments of this specification: step 108 includes at least the following steps: Step 1082, obtaining the correction coefficient corresponding to each service group type; Step 1084: Based on the correction coefficient corresponding to each service group type and the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

[0031] Explanatory, taking the walking speed of 1.5m / s of adults in the service group type as the benchmark, the walking time corresponding to each residential building to each public service facility is calculated. The walking time required for the elderly in the service group type to walk the same distance is about 1.4 times that of adults, the walking time required for children to walk the same distance is about 1.3 times that of adults, and the walking time required for teenagers to walk the same distance is about 1.2 times that of adults. Exemplarily, the correction coefficient for adults is set to 1, the correction coefficient for the elderly is set to 1.4, the correction coefficient for children is set to 1.3, and the correction coefficient for teenagers is set to 1.2. If the type of public service facility evaluated is a middle school, the minimum walking time from a residential building to the middle school calculated at a walking speed of 1.5m / s for adults is 6 minutes, then according to the service group type corresponding to the middle school is teenagers, the correction coefficient is determined to be 1.2, and the corrected walking time obtained is 6*1.2=7.2 minutes. For different categories of people, correction coefficients are designed separately to correct walking time, so that the analysis data is closer to reality and the accuracy of the evaluation is improved.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present specification, step 110 includes at least the following steps: Step 1102: Divide the city to obtain an urban honeycomb grid composed of a plurality of honeycomb units, and obtain residential buildings contained in each honeycomb unit based on the physical building data; Step 1104: based on the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, obtain the grid walking time from each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; Step 1106: for each cellular unit, population structure data representing the distribution of the number of people of different group types corresponding to the cellular unit is obtained based on the population database data; Step 1108: Generate an evaluation report based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit.

[0033] Explanatory, see attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 , build a unified urban honeycomb grid for the entire city. For example, a single honeycomb unit is constructed with an area of ​​800 square meters. Using the geometric characteristics of the honeycomb unit, the regular hexagonal honeycomb unit can perfectly cover the entire urban area, and the distance between the honeycomb unit and other adjacent honeycomb units is equal. Through spatial overlay analysis, each honeycomb unit is matched with each residential building to determine the residential buildings contained in each honeycomb unit.

[0034] Furthermore, the grid walking time corresponding to each of the public service facilities of different types from the residential buildings contained in any honeycomb is used to determine the grid walking time corresponding to each of the public service facilities of different types from the honeycomb, that is, each honeycomb containing residential buildings has a corresponding grid walking time corresponding to the public service facilities of different types. After the evaluation area is selected, the grid walking time from the honeycomb to the public service facilities of a certain type of public service facility is used to represent the walking time from the residential buildings contained in the honeycomb to the public service facilities of the same type of public service facility. This can greatly reduce the amount of calculation, shorten the evaluation time, and increase the speed of generating evaluation results.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present specification, step 1104 at least includes the following steps: Based on the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, respectively obtain the corrected walking time from all residential buildings contained in each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; For each cellular unit, based on the corrected walking time to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities corresponding to all residential buildings contained in the cellular unit, the grid walking time corresponding to the cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; The obtaining of the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit and the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities includes: Select any public service facility type as the first facility type; Obtaining the corrected walking time from all residential buildings included in the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type, and taking the average of the corrected walking time from all residential buildings included in the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type as the grid walking time from the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type; The above steps are repeated until the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit and the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

[0036] For example, a certain cellular unit contains three residential buildings. For the hospital, a type of public service facility, the corrected walking times from the three residential buildings to the hospital are 4 minutes, 5 minutes and 6 minutes respectively. The average of the three = (4+5+6) / 3=5. Therefore, the grid walking time from the cellular unit to the hospital is 5 minutes. Similarly, the grid walking time from the cellular unit to other types of public service facilities is calculated, and the grid walking time from each other cellular unit to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is calculated in the same way.

[0037] Illustratively, by associating and matching the physical building data and the population database data, the number and proportion of different types of groups living in each residential building are analyzed, and then the number of people corresponding to all residential buildings contained in each honeycomb unit is counted to obtain the total number of people in each honeycomb unit, and the number of people corresponding to different types of groups in each honeycomb unit is counted to obtain the population structure data of each honeycomb unit.

[0038] Finally, an evaluation report is generated based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present specification, step 1108 at least includes the following steps: Based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, the average walking time required to reach the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities in the city is obtained respectively; Generate an evaluation report based on the average walking time required to reach different types of public service facilities in the city; The method of obtaining the average walking time required to reach public service facilities of different types in the city includes: Select any public service facility type as the second facility type; Based on the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, obtaining the grid target number of people of each cellular unit corresponding to the service group type corresponding to the second facility type; Based on the grid target number of each cellular unit corresponding to the service group type corresponding to the second facility type and the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facility of the second facility type, the total walking time corresponding to each cellular unit is obtained; Obtaining the target total number of people of the service group type corresponding to the second facility type based on the population database data; Based on the total walking time corresponding to each cellular unit and the target total number of people of the service group type corresponding to the second facility type, the average walking time required for the city to reach the public service facilities of the second facility type is obtained; Repeat the above steps until the average walking time corresponding to the public service facilities of different types in the city is obtained.

[0040] For example, assume that there are three cellular units in the city cellular grid, and take the middle school as the second facility type, and its corresponding service group type is teenagers. There are 50 teenagers in the No. 1 cellular unit, that is, the grid target number of the No. 1 cellular unit is 50 people; there are 20 teenagers in the No. 2 cellular unit; and there are 30 teenagers in the No. 3 cellular unit. The grid walking time for the public service facility type of the middle school corresponding to the No. 1 cellular unit is 5 minutes; the grid walking time for the public service facility type of the middle school corresponding to the No. 2 cellular unit is 10 minutes; and the grid walking time for the public service facility type of the middle school corresponding to the No. 3 cellular unit is 8 minutes. Then the total walking time from the No. 1 cellular unit to the middle school = 50*5 = 250 minutes; the total walking time from the No. 2 cellular unit to the middle school = 20*10 = 200 minutes; the total walking time from the No. 3 cellular unit to the middle school = 30*8 = 240 minutes. The total number of target people = 50 + 20 + 30 = 100 people, so the average walking time required for all teenagers in the city to reach the middle school = (250 + 200 + 240) / (100) = 6.9 minutes. Similarly, the average walking time corresponding to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is calculated. The shorter the average walking time, the more convenient the corresponding public service facility type is in the city, and vice versa. This is used to measure the convenience of different types of public service facilities in the city.

[0041] Public service facilities of different types are evaluated according to the corresponding target groups, making the evaluation results more targeted and practical, and helping to provide different groups with public service facility optimization suggestions that better meet their needs.

[0042] In multiple embodiments of this specification: the space configuration evaluation method further includes: Based on the grid walking time corresponding to each of all cellular units to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, the convenience level of all cellular units is obtained according to preset rules; Generate an evaluation report based on the convenience level corresponding to all cellular units; Furthermore, when there are honeycomb units that do not include residential buildings, the grid walking times corresponding to the respective public service facilities of different types of public service facilities from the honeycomb units are obtained based on the center point positions of the honeycomb units that do not include residential buildings.

[0043] For illustration, in order to intuitively present the spatial configuration of the city's public service facilities, the generated evaluation report also includes a visualization of the city's honeycomb grid. The presentation method is to mark each honeycomb unit differently in the city's honeycomb grid according to the convenience level of each honeycomb unit. When dividing the city's honeycomb grid, it is inevitable that some honeycombs do not contain any residential buildings. When calculating the average walking time corresponding to the above-mentioned different types of public service facilities, these honeycombs do not need to be considered, but at the same time, these honeycombs do not have corresponding grid walking times, so it is impossible to divide the convenience level. These honeycombs that do not contain any residential buildings will make the visualized city honeycomb grid incomplete, and there is no way to know the situation of these honeycombs when conducting urban planning and management, real estate development and community construction, as well as government decision support and public service optimization. Therefore, the corresponding grid walking time is enriched for these honeycombs that do not contain any residential buildings, so that the corresponding convenience level can be divided for them.

[0044] See attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 , Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the city honeycomb grid obtained after the evaluation of only one public service facility in the evaluation area that meets the evaluation type of public service facilities. Figure 3 There are two public service facilities that meet the evaluation type in the evaluation area. The schematic diagram of the city honeycomb grid obtained after the evaluation. The darker the grayscale of the honeycomb unit in the figure, the shorter the grid walking time to the public service facility of the corresponding evaluation type. The location of the public service facility of the corresponding evaluation type is near the center of the area connected by several honeycomb units with the darkest grayscale.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present specification: the step of obtaining the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the center point position of the cellular unit that does not include residential buildings includes: Based on the road network data, the walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit excluding residential buildings to each public service facility is obtained; Based on the walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to each public service facility, the supplementary minimum walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; Based on the service group types corresponding to different types of public service facilities, the corresponding supplementary minimum walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is corrected to obtain the corresponding supplementary corrected walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; The supplementary corrected walking time from the center point of a honeycomb unit that does not include residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is used as the grid walking time from the honeycomb unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities.

[0046] Illustratively, the method of correcting and supplementing the minimum walking time to obtain the supplemented corrected walking time refers to step 1082 and step 1084. Thus, all honeycomb cells in the city honeycomb grid obtain the grid walking time corresponding to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities.

[0047] For example, the preset rule may be: classify the cellular units according to the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit into 0-5 minutes, 5-10 minutes, 10-15 minutes, and more than 15 minutes, respectively, to obtain the convenience level of the cellular units, and the marking and distinguishing method may be to mark the cellular units of different convenience levels with different grayscales, different colors, or different numbers. Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 The method of marking different grayscales corresponding to different convenience levels is adopted. The darker the grayscale, the higher the convenience level and the shorter the grid walking time. Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 It can be intuitively seen which cellular units correspond to areas where the public service facilities of the evaluated public service facility type are not convenient enough, thereby guiding urban planning and construction. By trying to plan public service facilities in cellular units that do not contain residential buildings, the method provided by the present invention can be used to simulate the relevant data of the newly planned public service facilities, and regenerate an evaluation report to verify the planning effect.

[0048] In multiple embodiments of this specification: step 1106 includes at least the following steps: Select any public service facility type as the third facility type; Obtaining the service level corresponding to each public service facility in the third facility type; For each residential building, based on the walking time from the residential building to each public service facility in the third facility type and the service level of each public service facility in the third facility type, the shortest time corresponding to the public service facility of each service level in the third facility type is obtained respectively; Obtaining the minimum walking time from the residential building to the public service facilities of the third facility type based on the shortest time corresponding to the public service facilities of each service level in the third facility type from the residential building; Repeat the above steps until the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

[0049] For illustration, the service level can be divided into tertiary hospitals, secondary hospitals, and primary hospitals, which are usually further divided into three levels: A, B, and C, namely, tertiary A, tertiary B, and tertiary C. The hospital level corresponds to the hospital's own medical level and service quality. Hospitals of different levels have huge differences in the number of beds, department settings, staffing, medical equipment, and technical level. Considering the impact of factors such as the reception capacity, service quality, and supply and demand relationship of multiple public service facilities of the same type on the choice of the target population, the corresponding service level of each public service facility is obtained in advance.

[0050] For example, the shortest walking time from a residential building to a tertiary hospital, a secondary hospital, and a primary hospital is 20 minutes, 15 minutes, and 5 minutes, respectively. It is obviously unreasonable to directly use the shortest walking time of 5 minutes corresponding to a primary hospital as the minimum walking time from the residential building to a public service facility such as a hospital, because for the examination and diagnosis of many diseases, primary hospitals cannot meet the needs of users. Therefore, it is more accurate and reasonable to calculate the minimum walking time by comprehensively calculating the shortest walking time corresponding to different service levels. The method of comprehensively calculating the minimum walking time by comprehensively calculating the shortest walking time corresponding to different service levels can adopt the average method, the weight method, etc., which will not be repeated here. A multi-dimensional dynamic evaluation system including public service facility types, public service facility levels, and service group types has been realized.

[0051] In multiple embodiments of the present specification: the road network data, physical building data and population database data are updated in real time.

[0052] Illustratively, the spatial configuration evaluation of public service facilities in the present invention is a dynamic process, which is achieved by analyzing and calculating the real-time updated road network data, physical building data and population database data. For example, the update of physical building data can take into account the newly added or disappeared residential buildings and public service facilities in the city; for example, the update of road network data can take into account the real-time traffic control situation of the road; for example, the update of population database data can take into account the real-time population data changes. Through dynamic data fusion, a dynamic evaluation framework that can access real-time data or simulation data is established to realize the dynamic calculation and solution of the model, which greatly improves the timeliness and functionality of the model.

[0053] Under the dynamic evaluation framework, evaluation areas can be selected arbitrarily, and optimization and adjustment suggestions can be made in a timely manner based on the evaluation results, such as adjusting facility layout, improving traffic conditions, and improving service quality.

[0054] In addition, the present invention can also be applied to: Smart city and big data application: With the development of big data technology, the method of the present invention can be combined with the city big data platform to dynamically adjust and optimize the configuration of public service facilities using real-time traffic, population flow and other data. Path planning technology can be applied to the field of smart travel to provide residents with accurate walking navigation services and guide residents to quickly reach the nearest public service facilities.

[0055] Real estate development and community construction: Real estate developers can use the method of the present invention to carry out scientific public service facility planning at the early stage of project development to improve the overall quality and attractiveness of the community. By evaluating the level of public service facilities in different areas, real estate companies can formulate more accurate marketing strategies and customer service plans to meet the needs of residents at different levels.

[0056] Government decision support and public service optimization: Government departments can use the method of the present invention to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the configuration of public service facilities, providing a scientific basis for policy formulation and adjustment. Under limited public resources, by scientifically evaluating the facility needs and service levels in different regions, the optimal allocation and efficient use of public resources can be achieved.

[0057] The above is a description of a specific embodiment of the specification. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recorded in the claims can be performed in an order different from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0058] See next Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a spatial configuration evaluation system for urban public service facilities provided in an embodiment of this specification.

[0059] The spatial configuration evaluation system 400 includes an information acquisition module 401, a path planning module 402, a data correction module 403 and a facility evaluation module 404: The information acquisition module 401 acquires the road network data, physical building data and population database data of the city, wherein the physical building data includes the residential building locations corresponding to each of the multiple residential buildings and the public service facility locations and types corresponding to each of the multiple public service facilities, and the population database data includes the distribution of the number of people of different groups corresponding to each of the residential buildings; The path planning module 402 obtains the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility based on the road network data and the physical building data; based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, obtains the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types; The data correction module 403 corrects the minimum walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, so as to obtain the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; The facility evaluation module 404 generates an evaluation report based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types and the population database data.

[0060] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the spatial configuration evaluation system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the spatial configuration evaluation method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the spatial configuration evaluation method embodiment.

[0061] See also Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this specification is shown.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 500 may include: at least one processor 501 , at least one network interface 504 , a user interface 503 , a memory 505 , and at least one communication bus 502 .

[0063] The communication bus 502 may be used to realize the connection and communication among the above-mentioned components.

[0064] The user interface 503 may include buttons, and the optional user interface may also include a standard wired interface or a wireless interface.

[0065] The network interface 504 may include, but is not limited to, a Bluetooth module, an NFC module, a Wi-Fi module, etc.

[0066] Among them, the processor 501 may include one or more processing cores. The processor 501 uses various interfaces and lines to connect the various parts of the entire electronic device 500, and executes various functions and processes data of the electronic device 500 by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the memory 505, and calling data stored in the memory 505. Optionally, the processor 501 can be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP, FPGA, and PLC. The processor 501 can integrate one or a combination of CPU, GPU, modem, etc. Among them, the CPU mainly processes the operating system, user interface, and application programs; the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen; the modem is used to process wireless communications. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem may not be integrated into the processor 501, and it can be implemented separately through a chip.

[0067] Among them, the memory 505 may include RAM or ROM. Optionally, the memory 505 includes a non-transitory computer-readable medium. The memory 505 can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instruction sets. The memory 505 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for at least one function (such as a touch function, a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), instructions for implementing the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc.; the data storage area may store data involved in the above-mentioned various method embodiments, etc. The memory 505 may also be at least one storage device located away from the aforementioned processor 501. The memory 505 as a computer storage medium may include an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and an automatic calibration application. The processor 501 can be used to call the automatic calibration application stored in the memory 505 and execute the steps of the spatial configuration evaluation method mentioned in the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0068] The embodiments of this specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions, and when the instructions are executed on a computer or a processor, the computer or the processor executes one or more steps in the above-mentioned spatial configuration evaluation method embodiment. If the component modules of the above-mentioned electronic device are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.

[0069] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented by software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of this specification is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted through the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (Digital Subscriber Line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a digital versatile disc (DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state drive (SSD)).

[0070] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. The aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes. In the absence of conflict, the technical features in this embodiment and the implementation scheme can be combined arbitrarily.

[0071] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of this specification and are not intended to limit the scope of this specification. Without departing from the design spirit of this specification, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of this specification by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of this specification.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities, characterized in that: include: Acquire the city's road network data, physical building data and population database data, wherein the physical building data includes the residential building locations corresponding to each of the multiple residential buildings and the public service facility locations and types corresponding to each of the multiple public service facilities, and the population database data includes the distribution of the number of different group types corresponding to each of the residential buildings; Based on road network data and physical building data, obtain the corresponding walking time from each residential building to each public service facility; Based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; Based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types is corrected to obtain the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different public service facility types; An evaluation report is generated based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to public service facilities of different types and population database data.

2. A method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of correcting the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type to obtain the corrected walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities includes: Obtain the correction coefficient corresponding to each service group type; Based on the correction coefficient corresponding to each service group type and the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types, the corrected walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types is obtained.

3. The spatial configuration evaluation method of urban public service facilities according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The evaluation report is generated based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types and the population database data, including: Divide the city to obtain an urban honeycomb grid composed of multiple honeycomb units, and obtain the residential buildings contained in each honeycomb unit based on the physical building data; Based on the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, the grid walking time from each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; For each honeycomb unit, population structure data representing the distribution of the number of different group types corresponding to the honeycomb unit is obtained based on the population database data; An evaluation report is generated based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit.

4. A method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The obtaining of the grid walking time corresponding to each type of public service facility from each cellular unit based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each type of public service facility from each residential building includes: Based on the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, respectively obtain the corrected walking time from all residential buildings contained in each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; For each cellular unit, based on the corrected walking time to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities corresponding to all residential buildings contained in the cellular unit, the grid walking time corresponding to the cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; The obtaining of the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit and the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities includes: Select any public service facility type as the first facility type; Obtaining the corrected walking time from all residential buildings included in the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type, and taking the average of the corrected walking time from all residential buildings included in the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type as the grid walking time from the cellular unit to the public service facilities of the first facility type; The above steps are repeated until the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit and the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

5. The spatial configuration evaluation method of urban public service facilities according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The evaluation report is generated based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, including: Based on the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities and the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, the average walking time required to reach the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities in the city is obtained respectively; Generate an evaluation report based on the average walking time required to reach different types of public service facilities in the city; The method of obtaining the average walking time required to reach public service facilities of different types in the city includes: Select any public service facility type as the second facility type; Based on the population structure data corresponding to each cellular unit, obtaining the grid target number of people of each cellular unit corresponding to the service group type corresponding to the second facility type; Based on the grid target number of each cellular unit corresponding to the service group type corresponding to the second facility type and the grid walking time corresponding to each cellular unit to the public service facility of the second facility type, the total walking time corresponding to each cellular unit is obtained; Obtaining the target total number of people of the service group type corresponding to the second facility type based on the population database data; Based on the total walking time corresponding to each cellular unit and the target total number of people of the service group type corresponding to the second facility type, the average walking time required for the city to reach the public service facilities of the second facility type is obtained; Repeat the above steps until the average walking time corresponding to the public service facilities of different types in the city is obtained.

6. A method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spatial configuration evaluation method further comprises: Based on the grid walking time corresponding to each of all cellular units to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities, the convenience level of all cellular units is obtained according to preset rules; Generate an evaluation report based on the convenience level corresponding to all cellular units; Furthermore, when there are honeycomb units that do not include residential buildings, the grid walking times corresponding to the respective public service facilities of different types of public service facilities from the honeycomb units are obtained based on the center point positions of the honeycomb units that do not include residential buildings.

7. A method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the grid walking time corresponding to each of the cellular unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the center point position of the cellular unit that does not include residential buildings includes: Based on the road network data, the walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit excluding residential buildings to each public service facility is obtained; Based on the walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to each public service facility, the supplementary minimum walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; Based on the service group types corresponding to different types of public service facilities, the corresponding supplementary minimum walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is corrected to obtain the corresponding supplementary corrected walking time from the center point of the honeycomb unit that does not contain residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; The supplementary corrected walking time from the center point of a honeycomb unit that does not include residential buildings to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is used as the grid walking time from the honeycomb unit to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities.

8. The method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum walking time from each residential building to each public service facility is obtained based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, including: Select any public service facility type as the third facility type; Obtaining the service level corresponding to each public service facility in the third facility type; For each residential building, based on the walking time from the residential building to each public service facility in the third facility type and the service level of each public service facility in the third facility type, the shortest time corresponding to the public service facility of each service level in the third facility type is obtained respectively; Obtaining the minimum walking time from the residential building to the public service facilities of the third facility type based on the shortest time corresponding to the public service facilities of each service level in the third facility type from the residential building; Repeat the above steps until the minimum walking time corresponding to each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained.

9. A method for evaluating the spatial configuration of urban public service facilities according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The road network data, physical building data and population database data are updated in real time.

10. A spatial configuration evaluation system for urban public service facilities, characterized in that: It includes information acquisition module, path planning module, data correction module and facility evaluation module; The information acquisition module acquires the city's road network data, physical building data and population database data, wherein the physical building data includes the residential building locations corresponding to each of the multiple residential buildings and the public service facility locations and types corresponding to each of the multiple public service facilities, and the population database data includes the distribution of the number of people of different groups corresponding to each of the residential buildings; The path planning module obtains the walking time corresponding to each residential building to each public service facility based on the road network data and the physical building data; Based on the walking time from each residential building to each public service facility, the minimum walking time from each residential building to public service facilities of different types of public service facilities is obtained; The data correction module corrects the minimum walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities based on the service group type corresponding to the public service facility type, so as to obtain the corrected walking time from each residential building to the public service facilities of different types of public service facilities; The facility evaluation module generates an evaluation report based on the corrected walking time corresponding to each residential building to the public service facilities of different types and the population database data.

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