An integrated antenna integrating multi-polarization and ultra-wideband

Abstract

An integrated antenna integrating multi-polarization and ultra-wideband, characterized in that it includes: a radiation unit, a balun feeding board, and a feeding base. The radiation unit includes a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit. The balun feeding board includes a first feeding board and a second feeding board. The first feeding board and the second feeding board are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feeding base through the positioning holes. In the present invention, the ±45° cross-feeding of the high-frequency ±45° polarization oscillator is changed to vertical and horizontal feeding, so that it is consistent with the feeding direction of the low-frequency vertical polarization oscillator, and a balun feeding board can be shared. By designing a low RCS (radar cross section) low-frequency oscillator, the influence on the high frequency is reduced, and it is placed above the high-frequency unit to achieve the purpose of integration and antenna size reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and specifically relates to an integrated multi-polarization and ultra-wideband antenna. Background Art

[0002] Currently, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks coexist. To be compatible with multiple communication systems, save site resources, reduce the number of antennas, and enable multiple systems operating in different frequency bands to coexist simultaneously, it is necessary to integrate antenna elements operating in different frequency bands into one antenna.

[0003] For antennas operating in different frequency bands, such as 690 - 960 MHz (hereinafter referred to as low frequency), 1695 - 2700 MHz (hereinafter referred to as high frequency), it is often necessary to maintain a certain distance in space to reduce mutual interference so that they can radiate normally. After multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves, multipath fading occurs, and dual-polarized antennas can effectively suppress multipath fading. Therefore, antennas on base station antennas are commonly ±45° polarized antennas, and the widely used method is ±45° cross-feeding. Due to the good penetration and anti-interference of low frequency, vertical polarization can be used in many applications. And for vertical polarization feeding, vertical direction feeding is adopted.

[0004] Currently, for antennas that achieve multi-polarization (low-frequency vertical polarization, high-frequency ±45° polarization) and ultra-wideband, a basically split-type solution is adopted, that is, one high-frequency unit plus one low-frequency unit are used, and a certain distance is maintained in space to achieve this. This solution will cause problems of large size and high cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above object in view of the background art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An integrated multi-polarization and ultra-wideband antenna, comprising: a radiation unit, a balun feeding board, and a feeding base. The radiation unit includes a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit. The balun feeding board includes a first feeding board and a second feeding board. The first feeding board and the second feeding board are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feeding base through the positioning holes. The first radiation unit includes a first radiation arm, on which there are branches with different line widths, cascaded alternately, and there are circular holes hollowed out in the middle of the branches. The first feeding board is shared by the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit, and there are branches on the first feeding board.

[0007] Furthermore, the radiation units are all processed in the form of PCB. Among them, the relative dielectric constant of the first radiation unit is preferably 2.55 - 3.55, and the board thickness is preferably (0.762 - 1.0) mm. The relative dielectric constant of the second radiation unit is preferably 3.0 - 4.4, and the board thickness is preferably (0.762 - 1.524) mm.

[0008] Further, the length of the first radiation arm is preferably (0.9 - 1)*l low , where f low is the low-frequency center frequency point, and ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant. The second radiation unit includes a second radiation arm, and the length of the second radiation arm is preferably (0.88 - 1)*l high , where f high is the high-frequency center frequency point, and ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant.

[0009] Further, stubs are provided on the first radiation arm, with different line widths and cascaded alternately, and circular holes are hollowed out in the middle of the stubs.

[0010] Further, four square copper foils and six L-shaped copper foils are provided on the front surface of the second radiation unit. The four square copper foils are symmetrically distributed on the front surface of the second radiation unit, and the size is preferably (0.1 - 0.18)*λg. The four L-shaped copper foils are distributed at the four edge corners, and two L-shaped copper foils are distributed at the center point. The size is preferably (0.1 - 0.16)*λg in length and (0.01 - 0.03)*λg in width, where λg is the guided wavelength.

[0011] Further, four hollowed-out rectangles are provided on the back surface of the second radiation unit, with a height of (0.21 - 0.28)*λ0, where λ0 is the free-space wavelength.

[0012] Further, metal vias are provided on the second feed board.

[0013] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] By changing the ±45° cross-feed of the high-frequency ±45° polarized oscillator to vertical and horizontal feeds, the present invention is consistent with the feed direction of the low-frequency vertical polarized oscillator, so that a common feed board can be used. By designing a low-RCS (radar cross-section) low-frequency oscillator, the influence on the high frequency is reduced, and it is placed above the high-frequency unit to achieve the purpose of integration and antenna size reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the first radiation unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the front surface of the second radiation unit of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the second radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first feeding board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second feeding board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the polarization direction and the feeding direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 8 It is the RCS of the first radiation unit in the high-frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 9 It is the gain according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 10 It is the radiation pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: radiation unit 1, first radiation unit 11, first radiation arm 111, branch 112, round hole 113, second radiation unit 12, second radiation arm 121, square copper foil 122, L-shaped copper foil 123, rectangle 124, balun feeding board 2, first feeding board 21, path 211, second feeding board 22, metal via 221. Specific Embodiments

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this patent.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an integrated multi-polarization and ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Refer toFigure 1 An integrated multi-polarized and ultra-wideband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a radiation unit 1, a balun feeding board 2, and a feeding base 3. The radiation unit 1 includes a first radiation unit 11 and a second radiation unit 12. The balun feeding board 2 includes a first feeding board 21 and a second feeding board 22. The first feeding board 21 and the second feeding board 22 are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feeding base 3 through positioning holes. The first radiation unit 11 includes a first radiation arm 111. There are branches on the first radiation arm 111 with different line widths, which are alternately cascaded. There is a circular hole 113 hollowed out in the middle of the branch 112. The first feeding board 21 is shared by the first radiation unit 11 and the second radiation unit 12, and there is a branch 211 on the first feeding board 21.

[0030] Specifically, the radiation units 1 are all processed in the form of PCB. Among them, the relative dielectric constant of the first radiation unit 11 is preferably 2.55 - 3.55, and the board thickness is preferably (0.762 - 1.0) mm. The relative dielectric constant of the second radiation unit 12 is preferably 3.0 - 4.4, and the board thickness is preferably (0.762 - 1.524) mm.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Refer to Figure 2 The length of the first radiation arm 111 is preferably (0.9 - 1)*l low where, f low is the low-frequency center frequency point, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant. The second radiation unit 12 includes a second radiation arm 121. The length of the second radiation arm 121 is preferably (0.88 - 1)*l high where, f high is the high-frequency center frequency point, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant.

[0033] Furthermore, there are branches on the first radiation arm 111 with different line widths. The branches with thick line widths are approximately parallel capacitors, and the branches with thin line widths are approximately series inductors. They are alternately cascaded to form an equivalent low-pass filter. While the low-frequency can be normally radiated, the surface high-frequency current is suppressed, and at the same time, the RCS in the high-frequency band is reduced, reducing the influence of the first radiation unit 11 on the second radiation unit 12.

[0034] Furthermore, there is a circular hole 113 hollowed out in the middle of the branch 112, which further reduces the RCS in the high-frequency band without affecting the effect of the equivalent filter.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the second radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 , on the front of the second radiation unit 12, there are four square copper foils 122 and six L-shaped copper foils 123. The four square copper foils 122 are symmetrically distributed on the front of the second radiation unit 12, and the size is preferably (0.1 - 0.18)*λg. The six L-shaped copper foils 123 are distributed at the four edge corners, and two L-shaped copper foils 123 are distributed at the center point. The size is preferably (0.1 - 0.16)*λg in length and (0.01 - 0.03)*λg in width. Here, λg is the guided wavelength, which is used to improve the S-parameters of the second radiation unit 12.

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back of the second radiation unit in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 , on the back of the second radiation unit 12, there are four hollowed-out rectangles 124 in the middle, and the height is (0.21 - 0.28)*λ0. Here, λ0 is the vacuum wavelength.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first feeding board in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Reference Figure 5 , the first feeding board 21 is shared by the first radiation unit 11 and the second radiation unit 12. There is a branch 211 on the first feeding board 21, which is used to filter out high-frequency signals on the transmission line and improve the isolation degree and pattern index of the two frequency bands.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second feeding board in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Reference Figure 6 , there are metal vias 221 on the second feeding board 22, which are used for electrical conduction.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the polarization direction and feeding direction in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 It is the RCS of the first radiation unit in the high-frequency band in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 It is the gain in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 It is the pattern in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] In the present invention, by changing the ±45° cross-feeding of the high-frequency ±45° polarization oscillator to vertical and horizontal feeding, the feeding direction is consistent with that of the low-frequency vertical polarization oscillator, and a feeding board can be shared. By designing a low-RCS (radar cross section) low-frequency oscillator, the influence on the high frequency is reduced, and it is placed above the high-frequency unit to achieve the purpose of integration and antenna size reduction.

[0045] The above describes specific embodiments of the invention. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. The terms "exemplary", "example", etc. used throughout this specification mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration", and do not mean "preferred" or "superior" to other embodiments. For the purpose of providing an understanding of the described technology, the detailed description includes specific details. However, the technology can be implemented without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described embodiments.

[0046] The optional embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept scope of the embodiments of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0047] The above description of the content of this specification is provided to enable any ordinary person skilled in the art to implement or use the content of this specification. For ordinary persons skilled in the art, various modifications to the content of this specification are obvious, and the general principles defined herein can also be applied to other variations without departing from the protection scope of the content of this specification. Therefore, the content of this specification is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but is consistent with the broadest scope that conforms to the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An integrated antenna that combines multi-polarization and ultra-wideband, characterized in that Comprising: A radiation unit, a balun feeding plate, and a feeding base. The radiation unit includes a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit. The first radiation unit is a low-frequency unit, and the second radiation unit is a high-frequency unit, and the first radiation unit is disposed above the second radiation unit. The first radiation unit includes a first radiation arm, on which there are stubs with different line widths, cascaded alternately, and there are circular holes hollowed out in the middle of the stubs. The balun feeding plate includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate. The first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feeding base through the positioning holes. The first feeding plate and the second feeding plate are fed in horizontal and vertical directions. The first feeding plate feeds the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit. There is a branch on the first feeding plate, and the second feeding plate only feeds the second radiation unit.

2. An integrated multi-polarized and ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Both radiation units adopt the PCB processing form. Among them, the relative dielectric constant of the first radiation unit is preferably 2.55 - 3.55, and the board thickness is preferably (0.762 - 1.0) mm. The relative dielectric constant of the second radiation unit is preferably 3.0 - 4.4, and the board thickness is preferably (0.762 - 1.524) mm.

3. An integrated multi-polarized and ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the first radiation arm is preferably (0.9~1)*l low , where f low is the low-frequency center frequency point, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant. The second radiation element includes a second radiation arm, and the length of the second radiation arm is preferably (0.88~1)*l high , where f high is the high-frequency center frequency point, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant.

4. An integrated multi-polarized and ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the front of the second radiation unit, there are four square copper foils and six L-shaped copper foils. The four square copper foils are symmetrically distributed on the front of the second radiation unit, and the size is preferably (0.1 - 0.18)*λg. The six L-shaped copper foils are distributed at the four edge corners, and two L-shaped copper foils are distributed at the center point. The size is preferably the length of (0.1 - 0.16)*λg and the width of (0.01 - 0.03)*λg, where λg is the guided wavelength.

5. An integrated multi-polarized and ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the back of the second radiation unit, there are four rectangles with hollowed-out middles, and the height is (0.21 - 0.28)*λ0, where λ0 is the free-space wavelength.

6. An integrated multi-polarized and ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are metal vias on the second feeding plate.

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