An energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic combiner boxes, and in particular, relates to an energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with an arc extinguishing function, including a box assembly, a heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly, and a breathable valve assembly. The box assembly is used to combine the output of a photovoltaic cell array, the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly is used to perform large-flow heat dissipation and pressure relief on the box assembly, and the breathable valve assembly is used to perform small-flow ventilation and pressure relief on the box assembly. When the circuit breaker of the circuit protection assembly is damaged, the isolating switch in the isolating and breaking assembly of the present invention will replace the damaged circuit breaker to effectively break the circuit. The isolating switch in the present invention can quickly and effectively extinguish the arc by quickly blowing airflow to the arc and cooling the arc when it breaks the circuit, without the need to add special energy-consuming elements, and each isolating switch is connected in parallel with a corresponding energy-absorbing buffer assembly, which further shortens the duration of the arc generated by the isolating switch.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic combiner boxes, and in particular relates to an energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with an arc extinguishing function. Background Art

[0002] The photovoltaic combiner box is an important component of the photovoltaic power generation system. Its basic function is to conduct primary confluence of the input of the photovoltaic cell array, which is used to reduce the connection between the photovoltaic cell array and the inverter, optimize the system structure, and improve reliability and maintainability. While providing the confluence lightning protection function, it also monitors the operating status of the photovoltaic panel, the current, voltage, power after confluence, the status of the lightning arrester, the status of the DC circuit breaker, the output of the relay contact, etc., and has sensor interface functions such as wind speed, temperature, and irradiation meter for customers to choose. The device is equipped with an RS485 interface as standard, which can upload the measured and collected data to the monitoring system.

[0003] With the development of the photovoltaic industry, the power of solar panels has gradually increased, and the voltage of a single panel has gradually increased, which has increased the possibility of arc generation to a certain extent. When the branch circuit is switched, the life of the circuit breaker is easily reduced due to the multiple occurrences of large arcs. At present, the technology such as the patent with application number 202222704804.2 introduces an arc-free circuit breaker based on a solid-state switch and an absorption buffer circuit, but it generates a lot of heat and consumes a lot of energy in the on state, and requires the installation of an additional heat dissipation structure. There are many circuit breakers in a junction box, which requires continuous heat dissipation, resulting in high energy consumption.

[0004] The junction box is generally equipped with an isolating switch. The isolating switch has an obvious disconnection function because it can produce a larger breakpoint to ensure absolute visual safety. The isolating switch does not have an arc extinguishing function and is generally used in conjunction with a circuit breaker. The power generation voltage and power generation capacity of the photovoltaic panel depend on the intensity of sunlight, which causes the voltage and electricity generated during the use of the photovoltaic panel to have a large pulsation, causing the circuit breaker to be damaged frequently. A circuit breaker that has lost its arc extinguishing function due to damage can only be powered off by an isolating switch. The isolating switch is very likely to be damaged due to the occurrence of an arc during its use, and may even be unable to cut off power due to the occurrence of an arc. The patent with application number 202023211586.6 discloses an isolating switch with an arc extinguishing function, but its arc extinguishing function is not strong and there is still room for improvement.

[0005] In addition, the junction box has good sealing properties to prevent water vapor from entering. Although it is equipped with a breathable valve as disclosed in the patent application number 202121371255.0, the breathable valve is only suitable for small-flow ventilation such as balancing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the box, and cannot effectively perform large-flow rapid ventilation. In the summer when the sunlight is very strong, the junction box equipped with this breathable valve will have the risk of explosion because its internal heat cannot be effectively ventilated and depressurized in time.

[0006] The present invention designs an energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with an arc extinguishing function to address the problems existing in the current photovoltaic combiner box. The circuit breaker of the circuit protection component of the present invention is connected in parallel with the corresponding energy absorption buffer component to form a composite circuit breaker, which further shortens the arc extinguishing time of the circuit breaker, thereby shortening the duration of the arc, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the circuit breaker and effectively protecting the circuit breaker from damage caused by multiple large arcs. The heat dissipation and explosion-proof component of the present invention can monitor the rapid increase in the temperature of the circuit in the space where each circuit protection component is located through the electromagnet control component without the need to set up a special heat dissipation structure, and effectively perform large-flow pressure relief and heat dissipation on the space where the circuit protection component is located. The pressure relief pipe of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof component of the present invention uses natural wind to effectively relieve pressure and dissipate heat in the box after the first valve component and the second valve component are opened, which can achieve the purpose of effective pressure relief and heat dissipation while effectively reducing the energy consumption required for pressure relief and heat dissipation. The isolating switch in the present invention can generate a larger isolation space to ensure reliable and visible effective disconnection of the circuit. The isolating switch in the isolating and disconnecting assembly in the present invention can replace the damaged circuit breaker to effectively disconnect the circuit when the circuit breaker of the circuit protection assembly is damaged. The isolating switch in the present invention can quickly and effectively extinguish the arc by quickly blowing airflow to the arc and cooling the arc when it disconnects the circuit, without adding special energy-consuming components, and each isolating switch is connected in parallel with a corresponding energy-absorbing buffer component, which further shortens the duration of the arc generated by the isolating switch. The breathable valve assembly in the present invention replaces the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly to balance the internal and external pressure difference of the box and waterproof the box when the pressure in the box changes slightly due to a small amount of heat generation. When the pressure in the box further increases and the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly cannot be triggered, the breathable valve assembly eliminates the obstruction of the waterproof breathable membrane to ventilate with a larger flow rate, thereby achieving the purpose of effective ventilation and balancing the internal and external air pressures.

[0008] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] An energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function, used for primary combining the output of a photovoltaic cell array, comprising:

[0010] A box assembly is used to converge the output of a photovoltaic cell array, the box assembly includes an installation box with a hinged box cover, the installation box is provided with a storage space corresponding to the photovoltaic cell array output circuit introduced from the bottom of the installation box through a plurality of partition plates, the storage space is provided with a circuit protection component for protecting and controlling the corresponding circuit, the circuit protection component is provided with an electromagnet control component for monitoring the temperature of the corresponding circuit, the installation box is provided with a plurality of lightning arresters connected one-to-one with the circuits where the circuit protection components are located, and an isolating and disconnecting component for classifying and converging the positive and negative poles of the circuits where all the circuit protection components are located, the isolating and disconnecting component includes a third shell, the third shell is provided with a plurality of isolating switches connected one-to-one with the circuits where the circuit protection components are located and blowing out the arc through manual mechanical transmission, the isolating switch is connected in parallel with an energy absorption buffer component for shortening the duration of the arc generated by it.

[0011] The heat dissipation and explosion-proof component is used for large-flow heat dissipation and pressure relief of the box component. The heat dissipation and explosion-proof component includes a pressure relief pipe arranged at the top of the installation box and a plurality of second valve components arranged at the bottom of the installation box and controlled one-to-one by the electromagnet control component in the accommodating space where the circuit protection component is located. The lower end of the pressure relief pipe is provided with a first valve component that is transmission-connected to all the second valve components and opens at the same time as the second valve components.

[0012] The breathable valve assembly is used to perform small flow ventilation and pressure relief on the box assembly.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, the top end of the pressure relief pipe is provided with a flared opening, and the top end of the flared opening is connected to a top cover for vertically shielding the top end through three circumferentially evenly distributed fixing rods.

[0014] In one embodiment, the circuit protection component includes a fuse and a circuit breaker connected in series on the corresponding circuit from bottom to top, the fuse is connected in parallel with the corresponding electromagnet control component, the electromagnet control component is electrically connected to a thermocouple installed on the corresponding circuit, and the circuit breaker is connected in parallel with an energy absorption buffer component.

[0015] In one of the embodiments, the first valve assembly includes a first valve plug for opening and closing a pressure relief port in a pressure relief pipe, the first valve plug is located below the pressure relief port, a first guide rod is provided at the lower end of the first valve plug, the first guide rod vertically slides in a first guide sleeve fixed to the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe through a first connecting rod, a first spring is connected between the first guide sleeve and the first valve plug, a square frame is connected to the lower end of the first guide rod, and two vertical sections of the square frame respectively slide in two second guide sleeves on the inner wall of the mounting box.

[0016] In one embodiment, the second valve assembly includes a first ring sleeve, which is threadedly installed in a circular hole at the bottom of the installation box, the upper end of the first ring sleeve is connected to the first circular ring through four second connecting rods evenly distributed circumferentially, the lower end of the first circular ring is installed with an annular control electromagnet electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnet control assembly, a second guide rod is vertically slid in the control electromagnet, the upper and lower ends of the second guide rod are respectively provided with a block cooperating with the lower horizontal section of the square frame and a second valve plug for the first cone-mouth switch at the lower end of the first ring sleeve, a permanent magnet cooperating with the control electromagnet is provided in the second valve plug, and a second spring is connected between the second valve plug and the first circular ring.

[0017] In one embodiment, a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft connected to the isolating switch are rotatably arranged in the third shell, the second rotating shaft rotates in a first shaft seat on the inner wall of the third shell and a first one-way clutch is cooperated between the second rotating shaft and the circular hole on the wall of the third shell, the axis of the second rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is perpendicular to the front side of the third shell, a second gear meshing with the first gear on the first rotating shaft is installed on the second rotating shaft, a torsion wheel is installed on the exposed end of the second rotating shaft, a third connecting rod connected to the isolating switch slides vertically in the slide groove of the side wall of the third shell, a pointer is provided on the exposed end of the third connecting rod, and a closing mark line and a disconnecting mark line distributed from top to bottom and used to indicate the position of the pointer are provided on the front side of the third shell.

[0018] In one embodiment, the isolating switch includes an L-shaped tube fixed to the top of the third shell by a fixing sleeve, a slot is provided on the top wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube, an electric contact is provided in the slot, the electric contact is connected to a connector electrically connected to the circuit where the corresponding circuit protection component is located by bolts, an electric contact plate that cooperates with the electric contact and switches the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube slides vertically in a third guide sleeve on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube, a piston is slidably provided in the vertical section of the L-shaped tube, a third guide rod is provided at the lower end of the piston, the third guide rod is slidably provided in a fourth guide sleeve fixedly connected to the inner wall of the L-shaped tube by a fourth connecting rod, and the piston is connected to the fourth connecting rod. A third spring is connected between the rods, a limit ring cooperating with the upper end of the piston is provided on the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped tube, a conical fourth spring is connected between the third valve plug and the fixed rod, and the diameter of the fourth spring gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axis of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube, two second shaft seats are provided on the outer side of the L-shaped tube, and a third rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the two second shaft seats, and a third gear and an eighth gear are respectively provided at both ends of the third rotating shaft, and the tooth distribution angle on the rim of the eighth gear is less than 360 degrees, and the third gear and the eighth gear are respectively meshed with the fourth rack and the third rack connected to the lower end of the third guide rod, and the third rack and the fourth rack slide on the L-shaped tube respectively. In the two sixth guide sleeves on the outer side, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are rotatably arranged on the two second shaft seats respectively, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the first sleeve and the first rotating shaft are matched with a guide key and a guide groove, the fourth gear and the fifth gear are respectively arranged at both ends of the first sleeve, the teeth on the rim of the fifth gear are distributed along 120 degrees, the fifth gear is matched with the first rack at the lower end of the electric contact plate, the teeth on the rim of the fourth gear are distributed along 240 degrees and matched with the third gear, the sixth gear and the second one-way clutch are respectively arranged at both ends of the second sleeve, the sixth gear is meshed with the second rack at the lower end of the electric contact plate, the second A seventh gear is provided on the one-way clutch, and the seventh gear cooperates with the eighth gear. A ninth gear is provided on the second shaft sleeve, and the ninth gear meshes with the tenth gear on the second shaft seat. A first rotating sleeve is hinged on the wheel surface of the tenth gear, and the first rotating sleeve is connected to the second rotating sleeve hinged on the second shaft seat through a fifth spring. When the electric contact plate is connected to the electric contact sheet, the fifth spring drives the electric contact plate to be inserted into the slot. A conductive rod fixedly connected to the third connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the electric contact plate. The lower end of the conductive rod is electrically connected to a connector fixed to the lower end of the third shell through a wire, and the connector at the lower end of the conductive rod is merged into one electrode with the same electrode circuit through a wire.

[0019] In one of the embodiments, a fifth guide sleeve is installed in the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube through a connecting rod, a fourth guide rod slides horizontally in the fifth guide sleeve, a third valve plug for switching the second cone mouth at the end of the L-shaped tube is provided at the end of the fourth guide rod, and a tortuous cooling channel is evenly opened on the end surface of the third valve plug.

[0020] In one embodiment, the transmission ratio between the third gear and the eighth gear is 1:1, the transmission ratio between the fourth gear and the seventh gear is 1:1, and the transmission ratio between the fifth gear and the sixth gear is 1:1.

[0021] In one embodiment, the air valve assembly includes a second ring sleeve, which is threadedly installed in the circular hole at the bottom of the installation box, a third cone opening is provided at the lower end of the second ring sleeve, a cone ring is provided on the inner wall of the second ring sleeve, and a plurality of first air holes are evenly opened circumferentially on the wall surface of the second ring sleeve, the first air holes are located between the cone ring and the third cone opening, a fifth valve plug for the cone ring switch and a fourth valve plug for the third cone opening switch are respectively provided below the cone ring and below the third cone opening, the upper end of the fourth valve plug is connected to the second circular ring fixed in the second ring sleeve by a fifth connecting rod through a sixth spring, and the first A second air vent is provided in the middle of the fifth valve plug, a third ring sleeve is provided on the upper end of the fifth valve plug, a clamping ring with an inner hexagonal inner wall is installed on the inner thread of the third ring sleeve, a breathable membrane is clamped and installed between the clamping ring and the fifth valve plug, a fourth ring sleeve is installed on the outer thread of the upper end of the third ring sleeve, the fourth ring sleeve is connected to the third ring through a sixth connecting rod, a seventh spring is connected between the third ring and the cone ring, an annular cover plate is installed on the upper end of the second ring sleeve for closing the space between the third ring sleeve and the second ring sleeve when the fifth valve plug closes the cone ring, and a hexagonal head matching the lower end of the mounting box is provided on the outer side of the second ring sleeve.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1. The circuit breaker of the circuit protection assembly in the present invention is connected in parallel with the corresponding energy absorption buffer assembly to form a composite circuit breaker, which further shortens the arc extinguishing time of the circuit breaker, thereby shortening the duration of the arc, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the circuit breaker and effectively protecting the circuit breaker from damage caused by multiple large arcs.

[0024] 2. The heat dissipation and explosion-proof component of the present invention can monitor the rapid increase in the temperature of the circuit in the space where each circuit protection component is located through the electromagnet control component without setting up a special heat dissipation structure, and perform effective large-flow pressure relief and heat dissipation on the space where the circuit protection component is located. The pressure relief pipe of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof component of the present invention uses natural wind to effectively relieve pressure and dissipate heat in the box after the first valve component and the second valve component are opened, thereby achieving the purpose of effective pressure relief and heat dissipation and effectively reducing the energy consumption required for pressure relief and heat dissipation.

[0025] 3. The isolating switch in the present invention can generate a larger isolation space to ensure reliable and visibly effective disconnection of the circuit. When the circuit breaker of the circuit protection component is damaged, the isolating switch in the isolating breaking assembly of the present invention can replace the damaged circuit breaker to effectively control the circuit disconnection. When the circuit breaker is damaged, the isolating switch in the present invention can quickly and effectively extinguish the arc by quickly blowing air to the arc and cooling the arc when it disconnects the circuit, without adding special energy-consuming elements, and each isolating switch is connected in parallel with a corresponding energy-absorbing buffer component, which further shortens the duration of the arc generated by the isolating switch.

[0026] 4. When the pressure in the box changes slightly due to a small amount of heat generation, the breathable valve assembly in the present invention replaces the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the box and provide waterproof protection for the box. When the pressure in the box increases further and the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly cannot be triggered, the breathable valve assembly eliminates the obstruction of the waterproof breathable membrane and allows ventilation at a larger flow rate, thereby achieving effective ventilation and balancing the internal and external air pressures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of two viewing angles of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the open state of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the first valve assembly of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the second valve assembly of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection structure between the first valve assembly and the second valve assembly of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the structural arrangement of the box assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection and coordination between the circuit protection component and the electromagnet control component in the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the electromagnet control assembly and the corresponding control electromagnet in the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional view of the air-permeable valve assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.11 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the isolating and disconnecting assembly and the energy absorbing and buffering assembly in the present invention;

[0038] Fig.12 Schematic diagrams of the isolating and disconnecting assembly of the present invention from two viewing angles;

[0039] Fig.13 It is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the isolating switch and the third housing of the isolating breaking assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.14 is a cross-sectional view of the internal isolating switch distribution of the isolating and disconnecting assembly of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of two viewing angles of the isolating switch in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.16 is a cross-sectional view of the isolating switch in the present invention;

[0043] Fig.17 It is a partial schematic diagram of the isolating switch in the present invention;

[0044] Fig.18 It is a cross-sectional view of the L-shaped tube structure of the disconnector in the present invention;

[0045] Fig.19 is a cross-sectional view of a third valve plug of the isolating switch of the present invention;

[0046] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth gear, the fifth gear and the eighth gear in the isolating switch of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.21 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy absorbing and buffering component;

[0048] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the electromagnet control component and the control electromagnet;

[0049] Fig.23 It is a schematic diagram of the arc extinguishing process when the disconnector is disconnected;

[0050] Name of the label in the figure:

[0051] 100, box assembly; 101, installation box; 102, sealing gasket; 103, box cover; 104, partition plate; 105, mounting frame; 106, lightning arrester;

[0052] 200, circuit protection component; 201, fuse; 202, circuit breaker;

[0053] 300, energy absorption buffer component; 301, first housing; 302, control circuit; 303, energy absorption buffer circuit; 304, first solid-state switch;

[0054] 400, heat dissipation explosion-proof assembly; 401, pressure relief pipe; 402, pressure relief port; 403, flaring; 404, fixing rod; 405, top cover; 406, first valve assembly; 407, first valve plug; 408, first guide rod; 409, first guide sleeve; 410, first connecting rod; 411, first spring; 412, square frame; 413, second guide sleeve; 414, second valve assembly; 415, first ring sleeve; 416, first cone; 417, second connecting rod; 418, first ring; 419, control electromagnet; 420, second guide rod; 421, block; 422, second valve plug; 423, permanent magnet; 424, second spring;

[0055] 500, electromagnet control assembly; 501, second housing; 502, second solid-state switch; 503, temperature detection chip; 504, thermocouple;

[0056] 600, isolating disconnecting assembly; 601, third housing; 602, first rotating shaft; 603, first gear; 604, second gear; 605, second rotating shaft; 606, first shaft seat; 607, twist wheel; 608, first one-way clutch; 609, third connecting rod; 610, pointer; 611, closing mark; 612, disconnecting mark;

[0057] 700, isolating switch; 701, L-shaped tube; 702, third guide sleeve; 703, slot; 704, electric contact; 707, connector; 709, second cone; 710, limit ring; 711, second shaft seat; 713, piston; 714, third guide rod; 715, third spring; 716, fourth guide sleeve; 717, fourth connecting rod; 718, third valve plug; 719, cooling channel; 720, fourth guide rod; 721, fifth guide sleeve; 722, fourth spring; 723, fixed sleeve; 724, electric contact; 725, guide electric pole; 726, first rack; 727, second rack; 728, third rack; 729, sixth guide sleeve; 730, fourth rack; 731, third gear; 732, third rotating shaft; 733, fourth gear; 734, first sleeve; 735, fifth gear; 736, sixth gear; 737, second sleeve; 738, second one-way clutch; 739, seventh gear; 740, eighth gear; 741, ninth gear; 742, tenth gear; 743, first rotating sleeve; 744, fifth spring; 745, second rotating sleeve;

[0058] 800, breathable valve assembly; 801, second ring sleeve; 802, first breathable hole; 803, hexagonal head; 804, third cone mouth; 805, fifth connecting rod; 806, second circular ring; 809, sixth spring; 810, fourth valve plug; 811, cone ring; 812, fifth valve plug; 813, second breathable hole; 814, third ring sleeve; 815, clamping ring; 816, breathable membrane; 817, fourth ring sleeve; 818, sixth connecting rod; 819, third circular ring; 820, seventh spring; 821, cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0060] The serial numbers assigned to the components herein, such as "first", "second", etc., are only used to distinguish the objects described and do not have any order or technical meaning. The "connection" and "coupling" mentioned in this application, unless otherwise specified, include direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0062] like Figure 1-Figure 20 As shown, an energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function is used for primary combining the output of a photovoltaic cell array, comprising:

[0063] The box assembly 100 is used to combine the output of the photovoltaic cell array. The box assembly 100 includes an installation box 101 hinged with a box cover 103. The installation box 101 is provided with a storage space corresponding to the photovoltaic cell array output circuit introduced from the bottom of the installation box 101 through a plurality of partition plates 104. The storage space is provided with a circuit protection assembly 200 for protecting and controlling the corresponding circuit. The circuit protection assembly 200 is provided with an electromagnet control assembly 500 for monitoring the temperature of the corresponding circuit. The installation box 101 is provided with a plurality of A lightning arrester 106 connected one-to-one with the circuit where the circuit protection component 200 is located, and an isolating and disconnecting component 600 for classifying the positive and negative poles of the circuits where all the circuit protection components 200 are located and leading out the current, the isolating and disconnecting component 600 includes a third shell 601, and a plurality of isolating switches 700 are arranged in the third shell 601, which are connected one-to-one with the circuits where the circuit protection components 200 are located and extinguish the arc through manual mechanical transmission, and the isolating switch 700 is connected in parallel with an energy absorbing buffer component 300 for shortening the duration of the arc generated by it.

[0064] The heat dissipation and explosion-proof component 400 is used for high-flow heat dissipation and pressure relief of the box component 100. The heat dissipation and explosion-proof component 400 includes a pressure relief pipe 401 arranged at the top of the installation box 101 and a plurality of second valve components 414 arranged at the bottom of the installation box 101 and controlled one-to-one by the electromagnet control component 500 in the accommodating space where the circuit protection component 200 is located. The lower end of the pressure relief pipe 401 is provided with a first valve component 406 which is transmission-connected to all the second valve components 414 and opens at the same time as the second valve components 414.

[0065] The breathable valve assembly 800 is used to perform small-flow ventilation and pressure relief on the box assembly 100.

[0066] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the top of the pressure relief pipe 401 is provided with a flared opening 403 , and the top of the flared opening 403 is connected to a top cover 405 for vertically shielding the flared opening 403 through three circumferentially evenly distributed fixing rods 404 .

[0067] In a further embodiment, Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the circuit protection component 200 includes a fuse 201 and a circuit breaker 202 which are connected in series on the corresponding circuit from bottom to top, the fuse 201 is connected in parallel with the corresponding electromagnet control component 500, the electromagnet control component 500 is electrically connected to a thermocouple 504 installed on the corresponding circuit, and the circuit breaker 202 is connected in parallel with an energy absorption buffer component 300.

[0068] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the first valve assembly 406 includes a first valve plug 407 for switching the pressure relief port 402 in the pressure relief pipe 401, the first valve plug 407 is located below the pressure relief port 402, and a first guide rod 408 is provided at the lower end of the first valve plug 407, the first guide rod 408 vertically slides in a first guide sleeve 409 fixed to the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe 401 through a first connecting rod 410, a first spring 411 is connected between the first guide sleeve 409 and the first valve plug 407, and a square frame 412 is connected to the lower end of the first guide rod 408, and two vertical sections of the square frame 412 respectively slide in two second guide sleeves 413 on the inner wall of the installation box 101.

[0069] In a further embodiment, Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the second valve assembly 414 includes a first ring sleeve 415, which is threadedly installed in the circular hole at the bottom of the installation box 101, and the upper end of the first ring sleeve 415 is connected to the first circular ring 418 through four second connecting rods 417 evenly distributed in the circumference, and the lower end of the first circular ring 418 is installed with an annular control electromagnet 419 electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnet control assembly 500, and a second guide rod 420 is vertically slid in the control electromagnet 419, and the upper and lower ends of the second guide rod 420 are respectively provided with a block 421 that cooperates with the lower horizontal section of the square frame 412 and a second valve plug 422 that switches the first cone mouth 416 at the lower end of the first ring sleeve 415, and a permanent magnet 423 that cooperates with the control electromagnet 419 is provided in the second valve plug 422, and a second spring 424 is connected between the second valve plug 422 and the first circular ring 418.

[0070] In a further embodiment, Fig.12 , Fig.13 , Fig.14As shown, the third housing 601 is provided with a first rotating shaft 602 and a second rotating shaft 605 which are transmission-connected to the isolating switch 700, the second rotating shaft 605 rotates in a first shaft seat 606 on the inner wall of the third housing 601, and a first one-way clutch 608 is provided between the second rotating shaft 605 and the circular hole on the wall of the third housing 601, the axis of the second rotating shaft 605 is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft 602, and the second rotating shaft 605 is perpendicular to the front side of the third housing 601, and the second rotating shaft 605 is rotated ... the first one-way clutch 608 is provided between the second rotating shaft 605 and the circular hole on the wall of the third housing 601, and the first one-way clutch 608 is provided between the second rotating shaft 605 and the circular hole on the wall of the third housing 601, and the first one-way clutch 608 is provided between the second rotating shaft 605 and the circular hole on the wall of the third housing 601, and the first one-way clutch 608 is provided between the second rotating shaft 605 and the circular hole on the wall of the third housing 601, and the first one-way clutch 608 is provided between the second rotating shaft 605 and the circular hole on the wall of the third housing 60 05 is provided with a second gear 604 meshing with the first gear 603 on the first rotating shaft 602, a torsion wheel 607 is provided at the exposed end of the second rotating shaft 605, a third connecting rod 609 connected to the isolating switch 700 slides vertically in the slide groove of the side wall of the third shell 601, a pointer 610 is provided at the exposed end of the third connecting rod 609, and a closing mark 611 and a disconnecting mark 612 distributed in sequence from top to bottom and used to mark the position of the pointer 610 are provided on the front side surface of the third shell 601.

[0071] In a further embodiment, Fig.13 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 , Fig.18 , Fig. 20As shown, the isolating switch 700 includes an L-shaped tube 701 fixed to the top of the third housing 601 by a fixing sleeve 723, a slot 703 is provided on the top wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube 701, an electric contact 704 is provided in the slot 703, the electric contact 704 is connected to a connector 707 electrically connected to the circuit where the corresponding circuit protection component 200 is located by bolts, an electric contact plate 724 that cooperates with the electric contact 704 and switches the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube 701 is vertically slid in the third guide sleeve 702 on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube 701, a piston 713 is slidably provided in the vertical section of the L-shaped tube 701, and a third guide rod 714 is provided at the lower end of the piston 713, and the third guide rod 714 slides The piston 713 is movably arranged in a fourth guide sleeve 716 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the L-shaped tube 701 through a fourth connecting rod 717, a third spring 715 is connected between the piston 713 and the fourth connecting rod 717, a limiting ring 710 cooperating with the upper end of the piston 713 is arranged on the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped tube 701, a conical fourth spring 722 is connected between the third valve plug 718 and the fixed rod 404, the diameter of the fourth spring 722 gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axis of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube 701, two second shaft seats 711 are arranged on the outer side of the L-shaped tube 701, and a third rotating shaft 732 is rotatably arranged on the two second shaft seats 711, and a third gear 731 and an eighth gear 740 are arranged at both ends of the third rotating shaft 732, respectively. The tooth distribution angle on the rim of the eighth gear 740 is less than 360 degrees. The third gear 731 and the eighth gear 740 are respectively meshed with the fourth rack 730 and the third rack 728 connected to the lower end of the third guide rod 714. The third rack 728 and the fourth rack 730 slide in the two sixth guide sleeves 729 on the outer side of the L-shaped tube 701 respectively. The two second shaft seats 711 are respectively rotatably provided with the first shaft sleeve 734 and the second shaft sleeve 737. The first shaft sleeve 734 and the second shaft sleeve 737 are sleeved on the first rotating shaft 602. The first shaft sleeve 734 and the first rotating shaft 602 are matched with a guide key and a guide groove. The first shaft sleeve 734 is respectively provided with a fourth gear 733 and a fifth gear 735 at both ends. The teeth on the rim of the fifth gear 735 are distributed along 120 degrees, and the fifth gear 735 cooperates with the first rack 726 at the lower end of the electric contact plate 724. The teeth on the rim of the fourth gear 733 are distributed along 240 degrees and cooperate with the third gear 731. The second shaft sleeve 737 is provided with a sixth gear 736 and a second one-way clutch 738 at both ends. The sixth gear 736 is meshed with the second rack 727 at the lower end of the electric contact plate 724. The second one-way clutch 738 is provided with a seventh gear 739, and the seventh gear 739 cooperates with the eighth gear 740. The second shaft sleeve 737 is provided with a ninth gear 741, and the ninth gear 741 is meshed with the tenth gear 742 on the second shaft seat 711.The wheel surface of the tenth gear 742 is hinged with a first rotating sleeve 743, and the first rotating sleeve 743 is connected to the second rotating sleeve 745 hinged on the second shaft seat 711 through a fifth spring 744. The fifth spring 744 drives the electric contact plate 724 to be inserted into the slot 703 when the electric contact plate 724 is connected to the electric contact sheet 704. The lower end of the electric contact plate 724 is provided with a conductive rod 725 fixedly connected to the third connecting rod 609. The lower end of the conductive rod 725 is electrically connected to the connector 707 fixed to the lower end of the third shell 601 through a wire. The connector 707 at the lower end of the conductive rod 725 is combined with the same electrode circuit through a wire to form an electrode.

[0072] In a further embodiment, Fig.13 , Fig.18 , Fig.19 As shown, a fifth guide sleeve 721 is installed in the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube 701 through a connecting rod, a fourth guide rod 720 slides horizontally in the fifth guide sleeve 721, and a third valve plug 718 for switching the second cone mouth 709 at the end of the L-shaped tube 701 is provided at the end of the fourth guide rod 720, and a tortuous cooling channel 719 is evenly opened on the end surface of the third valve plug 718.

[0073] In a further embodiment, Fig.16 As shown, the transmission ratio of the third gear 731 to the eighth gear 740 is 1:1, the transmission ratio of the fourth gear 733 to the seventh gear 739 is 1:1, and the transmission ratio of the fifth gear 735 to the sixth gear 736 is 1:1.

[0074] In a further embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8As shown, the ventilation valve assembly 800 includes a second ring sleeve 801, which is threadedly installed in the circular hole at the bottom of the installation box 101, and a third cone opening 804 is arranged at the lower end of the second ring sleeve 801. A cone ring 811 is arranged on the inner wall of the second ring sleeve 801, and a plurality of first ventilation holes 802 are evenly opened circumferentially on the wall surface of the second ring sleeve 801, and the first ventilation holes 802 are located between the cone ring 811 and the third cone opening 804. A fifth valve plug 812 for switching the cone ring 811 and a fourth valve plug 810 for switching the third cone opening 804 are respectively arranged below the cone ring 811 and below the third cone opening 804, the upper end of the fourth valve plug 810 is connected to the second circular ring 806 fixed in the second ring sleeve 801 by the fifth connecting rod 805 through the sixth spring 809, and the fifth valve plug 812 is A second air vent 813 is provided in the middle, and a third ring sleeve 814 is provided at the upper end of the fifth valve plug 812. A clamping ring 815 with an inner hexagonal inner wall is installed on the internal thread of the third ring sleeve 814, and a breathable membrane 816 is clamped and installed between the clamping ring 815 and the fifth valve plug 812. A fourth ring sleeve 817 is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the third ring sleeve 814 through threads. The fourth ring sleeve 817 is connected to a third circular ring 819 through a sixth connecting rod 818, and a seventh spring 820 is connected between the third circular ring 819 and the cone ring 811. An annular cover plate 821 is installed on the internal thread of the upper end of the second ring sleeve 801 for closing the space between the third ring sleeve 814 and the second ring sleeve 801 when the fifth valve plug 812 closes the cone ring 811, and a hexagonal head 803 matching the lower end of the installation box 101 is provided on the outer side of the second ring sleeve 801.

[0075] like Fig.12 , Fig.14 As shown, the third connecting rod 609 and the pointer 610 in the present invention are both made of insulating materials.

[0076] like Figure 4 As shown, the opening edge of the installation box 101 in the present invention is provided with a sealing gasket 102 that cooperates with the box cover 103.

[0077] like Figure 3 , Fig.11 As shown, a mounting frame 105 is provided in the mounting box 101 of the present invention, and the lightning arrester 106, the fuse 201, the circuit breaker 202, the energy absorption buffer assembly 300 and the electromagnet control assembly 500 of the present invention are all installed on the mounting frame 105.

[0078] like Fig.21As shown, the energy absorption buffer component 300 in the present invention includes a first shell 301, in which a control circuit 302, a first solid-state switch 304 and an energy absorption buffer circuit 303 are installed. The energy absorption buffer circuit 303 is connected in parallel with the first solid-state switch, and the first solid-state switch 304 and the energy absorption buffer circuit 303 are electrically connected to the control circuit 302.

[0079] The energy absorption and buffering assembly 300 in the present invention may also be other commutation type hybrid circuit breakers 202 formed with the circuit breaker 202 .

[0080] like Fig. 22 As shown, the electromagnet control component 500 in the present invention includes a second shell 501, and the second shell 501 is equipped with a second solid-state switch 502 and a temperature detection chip 503, the temperature detection chip 503 is electrically connected to the thermocouple 504, and the second solid-state switch 502 is electrically connected to the temperature detection chip 503 and the control electromagnet 419.

[0081] The circuit breaker 202 of the circuit protection assembly 200 of the present invention is connected in parallel with the corresponding energy absorption buffer assembly 300 to form a composite circuit breaker 202, which further shortens the arc extinguishing time of the circuit breaker 202, thereby shortening the duration of the arc, effectively reducing the energy consumption of the circuit breaker 202 and effectively protecting the circuit breaker 202 from damage caused by multiple large arcs. The heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly 400 of the present invention can monitor the rapid increase in the temperature of the circuit in the space where each circuit protection assembly 200 is located through the electromagnet control assembly 500 without setting a special heat dissipation structure, and effectively perform large-flow pressure relief and heat dissipation on the space where the circuit protection assembly 200 is located. The pressure relief pipe 401 of the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly 400 of the present invention uses natural wind to effectively relieve pressure and dissipate heat in the box after the first valve assembly 406 and the second valve assembly 414 are opened, achieving the purpose of effective pressure relief and heat dissipation while effectively reducing the energy consumption required for pressure relief and heat dissipation. The isolating switch 700 in the present invention can generate a larger isolation space to ensure reliable and visibly effective disconnection of the circuit. The isolating switch 700 in the isolating and breaking assembly 600 in the present invention can replace the damaged circuit breaker 202 to effectively control the circuit when the circuit breaker 202 of the circuit protection assembly 200 is damaged. The isolating switch 700 in the present invention can quickly and effectively extinguish the arc by quickly blowing airflow to the arc and cooling the arc when it disconnects the circuit, without adding special energy-consuming elements, and each isolating switch 700 is connected in parallel with a corresponding energy-absorbing buffer assembly 300, which further shortens the duration of the arc generated by the isolating switch 700. The breathable valve assembly 800 in the present invention replaces the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly 400 to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the box and to provide waterproof protection for the box when the pressure in the box changes slightly due to a small amount of heat generation. When the pressure in the box further increases and the heat dissipation and explosion-proof assembly 400 cannot be triggered, the breathable valve assembly 800 eliminates the obstruction of the waterproof breathable membrane 816 and ventilates at a larger flow rate, thereby achieving effective ventilation and balancing the internal and external air pressures.

[0082] The operation process of the present invention is as follows:

[0083] In the initial state, the box cover 103 is in a closed state with respect to the installation box 101, the first valve assembly 406 and the second valve assembly 414 are both in a closed state, the first spring 411 in the first valve assembly 406 and the second spring 424 in the second valve assembly 414 are in a compressed state and a stretched state respectively, the control electromagnet 419 in the second valve assembly 414 is not energized, the sixth spring 809 and the seventh spring 820 in the breathable valve assembly 800 are in a stretched state and a compressed state respectively, the cover plate 821 in the breathable valve assembly 800 closes the annular space between the third ring sleeve 814 and the second ring sleeve 801, and the fourth valve plug 810 and the fifth valve plug 812 in the breathable valve assembly 800 close the third cone opening 804 and the cone ring 811 respectively. The third valve plug 718 in the isolating switch 700 closes the second cone 709, the fourth spring 722 is in a stretched state, the fifth spring 744 is in a stretched state, the center line between the first rotating sleeve 743 and the second rotating sleeve 745 deviates from the center of the tenth gear 742, the fifth spring 744 drives the electric contact plate 724 to contact the electric contact sheet 704 through the tenth gear 742, the ninth gear 741, the second shaft sleeve 737, the sixth gear 736, and the second rack 727 and close the L-shaped tube 701, the piston 713 is located at the limit height in the vertical section of the L-shaped tube 701 under the action of the third spring 715 and is against the limit ring 710, the third spring 715 is in a compressed state, the pointer 610 points to the closing mark 611, the fourth gear 733 and the third gear 731 are just not meshed, the fifth gear 735 and the first rack 726 are just not meshed, and the seventh gear 739 and the eighth gear 740 are just not meshed.

[0084] like Fig.23 As shown, when less heat is generated in the box assembly 100, the pressure difference between the inside of the box assembly 100 and the outside is small, and the temperature on the circuit is low. At this time, the thermocouple 504 in the electromagnet control assembly 500 in the circuit protection assembly 200 on each circuit senses the low temperature on the circuit and will not control the control electromagnet 419 in the second valve assembly 414 to be energized. The second valve plug 422 in the second valve assembly 414 closes the first cone opening 416 at the lower end of the corresponding first ring sleeve 415. The air in the box assembly 100 is discharged at a small flow rate through the breathable membrane 816 in the breathable valve assembly 800, the second breathable hole 813 in the middle of the fifth valve plug 812 and the first breathable hole 802 on the wall of the second ring sleeve 801 due to the increase in temperature, and will not overcome the elastic force of the sixth spring 809 and the seventh spring 820 to push the third valve plug 718 and the fourth valve plug 810 to move, thereby balancing the internal and external pressure difference of the box assembly 100.

[0085] When the air pressure in the box assembly 100 continues to rise due to the continued increase in temperature, the small flow ventilation of the breathable membrane 816 in the breathable valve assembly 800 cannot meet the balance requirement of the internal and external pressure difference. At this time, the air pressure in the box assembly 100 will overcome the elastic force of the seventh spring 820, push the fifth valve plug 812 through the breathable membrane 816 to open the cone ring 811 and reach the fourth valve plug 810. A part of the air reaching the fourth valve plug 810 is discharged through the first air hole 802, while the remaining air pressure is still relatively high, which will overcome the elastic force of the sixth spring 809 to push the fourth valve plug 810 to move downward and open the third cone mouth 804 and ventilate radially outward with a larger flow rate.

[0086] When the air pressure in the box assembly 100 reaches equilibrium with the outside, the fourth valve plug 810 and the fifth valve plug 812 reclose the breathable valve assembly 800 under the action of the sixth spring 809 and the seventh spring 820 respectively.

[0087] When the air pressure and temperature in the accommodation space where the circuit control component is located increase greatly due to the energy consumption of the circuit control component, the small flow ventilation function of the breathable valve component 800 cannot meet the demand for air pressure balance inside and outside the box component 100. At this time, the thermocouple 504 connected to the electromagnet control component 500 in the circuit control component detects the temperature of the corresponding circuit, and then controls the control electromagnet 419 in the corresponding second valve component 414 to be energized and form a repulsive force on the permanent magnet 423 in the corresponding second valve plug 422. The second valve plug 422 is repelled by the repulsive force. 16 is opened, the second spring 424 is further stretched, and at the same time, the second valve plug 422 drives the first valve plug 407 in the first valve assembly 406 to open the pressure relief port 402 in the pressure relief pipe 401 through the corresponding second guide rod 420, the block 421, the square frame 412 and the first guide rod 408, and the first spring 411 is further compressed. The high-pressure air in the box body is discharged to the outside through the opened first valve assembly 406 and the second valve assembly 414 to relieve the pressure. Negative pressure is generated at the top of the pressure relief pipe 401 and the high-pressure air in the box body assembly 100 is driven to be discharged to the outside through natural wind.

[0088] When the solenoid control assembly 500 in the circuit control assembly is damaged, the solenoid control assembly cannot control the second valve assembly 414 to open. As the air pressure in the box gradually accumulates and increases, the sum of the pressure-bearing areas of the second valve plugs 422 in all the second valve assemblies 414 is much larger than the pressure-bearing area of ​​the first valve plug 407 in the first valve assembly 406. Therefore, the second valve plugs 422 in all the second valve assemblies 414 overcome the elastic force of all the second springs 424 and the pressure of the first valve plug 407 in the first valve assembly 406 under the push of the internal air pressure. The spring 411 opens the second valve assembly 414. At the same time, the second valve plug 422 in the second valve assembly 414 drives the first valve plug 407 in the first valve assembly 406 to open the pressure relief port 402 in the pressure relief pipe 401 through the second guide rod 420, the block 421, the frame 412 and the first guide rod 408. The high-pressure air in the box assembly 100 is discharged to the outside through the opened first valve assembly 406 and the second valve assembly 414 to dissipate heat and relieve pressure, thereby preventing the box assembly 100 from exploding due to continuous pressure increase.

[0089] When it is necessary to disconnect all circuits based on disconnecting the circuit breaker 202 in the circuit protection assembly 200 or based on damage to the circuit breaker 202 in the circuit protection assembly 200, the twist wheel 607 is rotated, and the twist wheel 607 drives the first sleeves 734 in all the disconnectors 700 to rotate synchronously for one circle through the second rotating shaft 605, the second gear 604, the first gear 603, and the first rotating shaft 602. The first one-way clutch 608 prevents the second rotating shaft 605 from rotating in the opposite direction and only allows the second rotating shaft 605 to rotate in one direction driven by the twist wheel 607.

[0090] like Fig.23 In (a) and (b), during the rotation of the first sleeve 734 in the disconnector 700, the first sleeve 734 first drives the fourth gear 733 and the fifth gear 735 to rotate synchronously by 240 degrees, the fourth gear 733 drives the third gear 731 and the eighth gear 740 to rotate synchronously by a certain amplitude, the third gear 731 drives the third guide rod 714 and the third rack 728 to move downward synchronously through the fourth rack 730, the third guide rod 714 drives the piston 713 to move downward to the limit, and the third spring 731 drives the third gear 731 to rotate synchronously by a certain amplitude. The spring 715 is further compressed to store energy. At the same time, the eighth gear 740 drives the seventh gear 739 to idle. The second one-way clutch 738 is in a disengaged state. The 120 degrees of the fifth gear 735 are not engaged with the first rack 726. The trigger plate is still in contact with the electric contact piece 704 under the action of the fifth spring 744 and closes the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube 701. At this time, the teeth of the fourth gear 733 are about to disengage from the third gear 731, and the teeth of the fifth gear 735 are about to engage with the first rack 726.

[0091] like Fig.23In (b) and (c), the torsion wheel is continuously rotated 60-71 degrees, the teeth of the fourth gear 733 are disengaged from the third gear 731, and the teeth of the fifth gear 735 are about to mesh with the first rack 726. The piston 713 instantly rebounds and resets under the reset action of the third spring 715 and generates compressed internal air in the L-shaped tube 701. The piston 713 drives the third gear 731 and the eighth gear 740 to rotate and reset synchronously in the opposite direction through the third guide rod 714, the fourth rack 730 and the third rack 728. The eighth gear 740 drives the electric contact plate 724 to quickly disengage from the slot through the seventh gear 739, the second one-way clutch 738, the second shaft sleeve 737, the sixth gear 736 and the second rack 727. The electric contact piece 704 in 703 opens the L-shaped tube 701 instantly, and the air in the L-shaped tube 701 compressed and pushed by the piston 713 forms a fast-moving wind when the electric contact plate 724 opens instantly, and blows out the arc generated between the electric contact piece 704 and the electric contact plate 724. At the same time, the high-pressure air in the L-shaped tube 701 overcomes the elastic force of the third spring 715 and pushes the third valve plug 718 to open the L-shaped tube 701. Part of the arc enters the cooling channel 719 at the upper end of the third valve plug 718 for cooling under the action of wind. The arc is quickly extinguished under the blowing of wind and the cooling effect of the cooling channel 719, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid arc extinguishing. At this time, the eighth gear 740 is not engaged with the seventh gear 739.

[0092] like Fig.23 In (c) and (d), after the arc is extinguished, the fourth gear 733 and the fifth gear 735 are driven to rotate synchronously by 119 degrees through the torsion wheel 607, the fourth gear 733 is not engaged with the third gear 731, the eighth gear 740 is not engaged with the seventh gear 739, the third gear 731 and the eighth gear 740 do not rotate, the fifth gear 735 drives the electric contact plate 724 to reset upward through the first rack 726 to complete the contact connection with the electric contact piece 704 and close the L-shaped tube 701, the electric contact plate 724 drives the sixth gear 736 to rotate through the second rack 727, the sixth gear 736 drives the seventh gear 739 to rotate through the second shaft sleeve 737 and the second one-way clutch 738, and the second one-way clutch 738 is in a closed state. When the sum of the synchronous and continuous rotation angles of the fourth gear 733 and the fifth gear 735 reaches 360 degrees, the fourth gear 733 is meshed with the third gear 731 , and the fifth gear 735 is not meshed with the first rack 726 .

[0093] The energy absorption buffer assembly 300 connected in parallel with the isolating switch 700 can effectively shorten the duration of the arc generated by the isolating switch 700 .

[0094] like Fig.21As shown, the working principle of the energy absorption buffer component 300 is as follows: when a fault occurs in the DC system solar panel, the circuit breaker 202 is disconnected and the branch where the first solid-state switch 304 is located is controlled to be turned on through the control circuit 302. After the circuit breaker 202 is actuated, the contacts are pulled apart and an arc is generated. At this stage, the voltage between the contacts of the circuit breaker 202 rises rapidly. Under the action of the arc voltage generated by the circuit breaker 202, the main current is transferred from the circuit breaker 202 to the first solid-state switch 304. Since the on-resistance of the first solid-state switch 304 is much smaller than the resistance of the circuit breaker 202, this helps to achieve rapid current transfer and reduce the working time of the circuit breaker 202 under high voltage. After the current is completely transferred to the first solid-state switch 304, the first solid-state switch 304 is quickly turned off with the help of the energy absorption buffer circuit 303 and absorbs the remaining current and limits the overvoltage. After the first solid-state switch 304 is turned off, the energy absorption buffer circuit 303 continues to work to consume the energy generated during the circuit breaking process, while ensuring that the voltage across the circuit breaker 202 is stable, preparing for system recovery.

[0095] like Fig. 22 As shown, the working principle of the electromagnet control component 500 is: the temperature detection chip 503 in the electromagnet control component 500 receives the temperature signal on the circuit sensed by the thermocouple, and then controls the second solid-state switch 502 to switch, thereby controlling whether the electromagnet 419 is energized, and then controlling whether the electromagnet 419 generates a repulsive force on the permanent magnet 423 in the second valve plug 422, and further controls the switching of the second valve component 414 and the first valve component 406.

Claims

1. An energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function, used for primary combining the output of photovoltaic cell array, characterized in that: include: A box assembly, used for converging the output of a photovoltaic cell array, the box assembly comprising an installation box with a box cover hingedly connected, a plurality of partition plates in the installation box being provided with a storage space corresponding to the photovoltaic cell array output circuit introduced from the bottom of the installation box, a circuit protection assembly for protecting and controlling the corresponding circuit being provided in the storage space, an electromagnet control assembly for monitoring the temperature of the corresponding circuit being provided in the circuit protection assembly, a plurality of lightning arresters connected to the circuits where the circuit protection assembly is located correspondingly to each other and an isolating and disconnecting assembly for classifying and converging the positive and negative poles of the circuits where all the circuit protection assembly are located being provided in the installation box, the isolating and disconnecting assembly comprising a third shell, a plurality of isolating switches connected to the circuits where the circuit protection assembly is located correspondingly to each other and blowing out the arc through manual mechanical transmission being provided in the third shell, the isolating switches being connected in parallel with an energy absorbing and buffering assembly for shortening the duration of the arc generated by the isolating switches; The isolating switch comprises an L-shaped tube fixed to the top of the third housing by a fixing sleeve, a slot is provided on the top wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube, an electric contact is provided in the slot, the electric contact is connected to a connector electrically connected to the circuit where the corresponding circuit protection component is located by bolts, an electric contact plate which cooperates with the electric contact and switches the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube slides vertically in the third guide sleeve on the bottom wall of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube, a piston is slidably provided in the vertical section of the L-shaped tube, a third guide rod is provided at the lower end of the piston, and the third guide rod slides It is arranged in a fourth guide sleeve fixedly connected to the inner wall of the L-shaped tube through a fourth connecting rod, a third spring is connected between the piston and the fourth connecting rod, a limit ring matched with the upper end of the piston is arranged on the inner wall of the vertical section of the L-shaped tube, a conical fourth spring is connected between the third valve plug and the fixed rod, and the diameter of the fourth spring gradually increases from the inside to the outside along the axis of the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube, two second shaft seats are arranged on the outer side of the L-shaped tube, and a third rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the two second shaft seats, and a third gear and an eighth gear are arranged at both ends of the third rotating shaft respectively; A heat dissipation explosion-proof component is used for high-flow heat dissipation and pressure relief of the box component. The heat dissipation explosion-proof component includes a pressure relief pipe arranged at the top of the installation box and a plurality of second valve components arranged at the bottom of the installation box and controlled one by one by the electromagnet control component in the accommodation space where the circuit protection component is located. The lower end of the pressure relief pipe is provided with a first valve component which is transmission-connected to all the second valve components and opens at the same time as the second valve components; The breathable valve assembly is used to perform small flow ventilation and pressure relief on the box assembly.

2. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the pressure relief pipe is provided with a flared opening, and the top end of the flared opening is connected to a top cover for vertically shielding the flared opening through three circumferentially evenly distributed fixing rods.

3. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit protection component includes a fuse and a circuit breaker connected in series on the corresponding circuit from bottom to top, the fuse is connected in parallel with the corresponding electromagnet control component, the electromagnet control component is electrically connected to a thermocouple installed on the corresponding circuit, and the circuit breaker is connected in parallel with an energy absorption buffer component.

4. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first valve assembly includes a first valve plug for opening and closing a pressure relief port in the pressure relief pipe, the first valve plug is located below the pressure relief port, a first guide rod is provided at the lower end of the first valve plug, the first guide rod vertically slides in a first guide sleeve fixed to the inner wall of the pressure relief pipe through a first connecting rod, a first spring is connected between the first guide sleeve and the first valve plug, a square frame is connected to the lower end of the first guide rod, and two vertical sections of the square frame respectively slide in two second guide sleeves on the inner wall of the mounting box.

5. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second valve assembly includes a first ring sleeve, which is threadedly installed in a circular hole at the bottom of the installation box. The upper end of the first ring sleeve is connected to the first circular ring through four second connecting rods evenly distributed circumferentially. The lower end of the first circular ring is installed with an annular control electromagnet electrically connected to the corresponding electromagnet control assembly. A second guide rod slides vertically in the control electromagnet. The upper and lower ends of the second guide rod are respectively provided with a block cooperating with the lower horizontal section of the square frame and a second valve plug for the first cone-mouth switch at the lower end of the first ring sleeve. A permanent magnet cooperating with the control electromagnet is provided in the second valve plug, and a second spring is connected between the second valve plug and the first circular ring.

6. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft connected to the isolating switch are rotatably arranged in the third shell, the second rotating shaft rotates in a first shaft seat on the inner wall of the third shell and a first one-way clutch is matched between the second rotating shaft and the circular hole on the wall of the third shell, the axis of the second rotating shaft is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is perpendicular to the front side of the third shell, a second gear meshing with the first gear on the first rotating shaft is installed on the second rotating shaft, a torsion wheel is installed on the exposed end of the second rotating shaft, a third connecting rod connected to the isolating switch slides vertically in the slide groove of the side wall of the third shell, a pointer is arranged on the exposed end of the third connecting rod, and a closing mark line and a disconnecting mark line distributed in sequence from top to bottom and used to indicate the position of the pointer are arranged on the front side of the third shell.

7. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tooth distribution angle on the rim of the eighth gear is less than 360 degrees, the third gear and the eighth gear are respectively meshed with the fourth rack and the third rack connected to the lower end of the third guide rod, the third rack and the fourth rack slide in the two sixth guide sleeves on the outer side of the L-shaped tube respectively, the two second shaft seats are respectively rotatably provided with the first sleeve and the second sleeve, the first sleeve and the second sleeve are sleeved on the first rotating shaft, the first sleeve and the first rotating shaft are matched with the guide key and the guide groove, the fourth gear and the fifth gear are respectively arranged at both ends of the first sleeve, the teeth on the rim of the fifth gear are distributed along 120 degrees, the fifth gear is matched with the first rack at the lower end of the electric contact plate, the teeth on the rim of the fourth gear are distributed along 240 degrees and matched with the third gear, the two ends of the second sleeve are respectively provided A sixth gear and a second one-way clutch are provided, the sixth gear is meshed with the second rack at the lower end of the electric contact plate, the seventh gear is provided on the second one-way clutch, the seventh gear cooperates with the eighth gear, a ninth gear is provided on the second shaft sleeve, the ninth gear is meshed with the tenth gear on the second shaft seat, a first rotating sleeve is hinged on the wheel surface of the tenth gear, the first rotating sleeve is connected to the second rotating sleeve hinged on the second shaft seat through a fifth spring, the fifth spring is in a state of driving the electric contact plate to be inserted into the slot when the electric contact plate is connected to the electric contact sheet, a conductive rod fixedly connected to the third connecting rod is provided at the lower end of the electric contact plate, the lower end of the conductive rod is electrically connected to a connector fixed to the lower end of the third shell through a wire, and the connector at the lower end of the conductive rod is merged into one electrode with the same electrode circuit through a wire.

8. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fifth guide sleeve is installed in the horizontal section of the L-shaped tube through a connecting rod, a fourth guide rod slides horizontally in the fifth guide sleeve, a third valve plug for switching the second cone mouth at the end of the L-shaped tube is arranged at the end of the fourth guide rod, and a tortuous cooling channel is evenly opened on the end surface of the third valve plug.

9. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission ratio between the third gear and the eighth gear is 1:1, the transmission ratio between the fourth gear and the seventh gear is 1:1, and the transmission ratio between the fifth gear and the sixth gear is 1:

1.

10. The energy-saving photovoltaic combiner box with arc extinguishing function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air vent assembly includes a second ring sleeve, which is threadedly installed in the circular hole at the bottom of the installation box, a third cone opening is arranged at the lower end of the second ring sleeve, a cone ring is arranged on the inner wall of the second ring sleeve, a plurality of first air vents are evenly opened on the wall surface of the second ring sleeve in a circumferential direction, the first air vents are located between the cone ring and the third cone opening, a fifth valve plug for the cone ring switch and a fourth valve plug for the third cone opening switch are respectively arranged below the cone ring and below the third cone opening, the upper end of the fourth valve plug is connected to the second circular ring fixed in the second ring sleeve by the fifth connecting rod through the sixth spring, and the middle of the fifth valve plug is A second air vent is provided in the part, and a third ring sleeve is provided on the upper end of the fifth valve plug, and a clamping ring with an inner hexagonal inner wall is installed on the inner thread of the third ring sleeve, and a breathable membrane is clamped and installed between the clamping ring and the fifth valve plug, a fourth ring sleeve is installed on the outer thread of the upper end of the third ring sleeve, and the fourth ring sleeve is connected to a third ring through a sixth connecting rod, and a seventh spring is connected between the third ring and the cone ring, and an annular cover plate is installed on the upper end of the second ring sleeve for closing the space between the third ring sleeve and the second ring sleeve when the fifth valve plug closes the cone ring, and a hexagonal head matching the lower end of the mounting box is provided on the outer side of the second ring sleeve.

Images