Metal nano powder preparation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of metal nano powder preparation, and particularly discloses a metal nano powder preparation system which comprises a preparation rack, a powder preparation mechanism matched with the preparation rack is arranged on the preparation rack, the powder preparation mechanism comprises a reaction structure, the reaction structure is connected with an atomization structure, and the atomization structure is connected with a screening structure; the metal nano-powder is prepared in the vacuum environment, the influence of the environment on the metal nano-powder during atomization can be reduced, the oxygen content of the metal nano-powder is reduced, and the quality of the metal nano-powder is improved; the gas atomization method is adopted for preparing the metal nano-powder, large metal particles or metal blocks can be directly prepared into the metal nano-powder, and the metal nano-powder with the characteristics of being small in particle size, high in sphericity degree, low in oxygen content and the like can be prepared at low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal nanopowder preparation, and in particular relates to a metal nanopowder preparation system. Background Art

[0002] Nanopowder, also known as nanoparticles, generally refers to ultrafine particles with a size between 1-100nm. The shapes of nanoparticles include spherical, plate-like, rod-like, angular, sponge-like, etc. The components of nanoparticles can be metals, oxides, or various other compounds. Metal nanomaterials are an important branch of nanomaterials. Metal nanopowders are zero-dimensional nanomaterials, and their atomic and electronic structures are different from those of metal particles with the same chemical composition. They have unique properties in magnetism, light, electricity, sound, heat, force and chemistry that are different from those of macroscopic objects and single atoms.

[0003] Existing metal nanopowders are mostly prepared by mechanical ball milling. However, simple mechanical ball milling equipment has disadvantages such as high noise and large vibration when preparing metal nanopowders. At the same time, since the mechanical ball milling method obtains metal nanopowders by grinding, the grinding parts are easily damaged. In addition, the metal nanopowders prepared by simple mechanical ball milling have problems such as irregular shape and difficulty in deep processing.

[0004] In addition, when a simple mechanical ball milling method is used to obtain metal nanopowders, a long grinding time is required to obtain metal nanopowders of suitable specifications. The grinding materials used are mostly metal powders. When grinding large metal particles or metal blocks, the grinding efficiency is extremely low, and long-term continuous grinding can easily cause equipment damage or breakage, and the quality of the ground metal nanopowder cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] The Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN113019588A discloses an adjustable gap conical grinding device for the preparation of nano powders. The conical grinding device of the invention consists of two symmetrical parts, both of which include: a conical grinding cylinder, the radial dimension of which gradually decreases along the center direction of the conical grinding device; a multi-stage blade stirring paddle, the multi-stage blade stirring paddle is arranged at the center of the conical grinding cylinder; a stirring main shaft, the multi-stage blade stirring paddle is connected to the stirring main shaft; the multi-stage blade stirring paddle includes: a stirring paddle body and a plurality of stirring blades, the outer diameter of the stirring blades decreases in sequence along the center direction of the conical grinding device; the rotation of the stirring main shaft is driven by a transmission device. The invention has the characteristics of compact structure and convenient assembly and disassembly. It can adjust the distance between the multi-stage blade stirring paddle and the inner wall of the conical grinding cylinder according to actual needs, effectively concentrate the grinding energy density, improve grinding efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The adjustable gap cone grinding device for preparing nano powder adopts the mechanical ball milling method to prepare metal nano powder, and its grinding material is metal powder. The invention cannot directly grind large metal particles or metal blocks. When grinding large metal particles or metal blocks, it is easy to cause damage or breakage of the equipment, and the quality of the ground metal nano powder cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the above problems, a metal nanopowder preparation system is provided.

[0007] Based on the above purpose, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A metal nano powder preparation system comprises a preparation frame, on which a matching powder preparation mechanism is arranged, the powder preparation mechanism comprises a reaction structure, the reaction structure is connected with an atomization structure, and the atomization structure is connected with a screening structure.

[0008] Furthermore, the reaction structure includes at least two reactors arranged on a preparation frame, a reaction shaft rotatably connected to the reactor is provided at the center of the reactor, a stirring heater is provided on the reaction shaft, the stirring heater includes an arc-shaped reaction plate symmetrically arranged on the reaction shaft, the arc-shaped reaction plate is provided with staggered reaction holes, and fan-ring reaction rods are provided in the reaction holes; the two ends of the arc-shaped reaction plate are spherical, and reaction columns with clearance fit are evenly distributed on one side of the arc-shaped reaction plate away from the reaction shaft, and at least two reaction rotating rings are sleeved on the reaction columns.

[0009] Furthermore, a material guide cavity is provided at the top end of the reaction shaft, which cooperates with the material guide hole arranged on the reaction shaft, and a sealing plug cooperating with the reaction shaft is provided at the top end of the material guide cavity; both ends of the reaction rod are spherical guide ends; electric heating wires are provided in the reaction shaft, arc-shaped reaction plate, fan-ring reaction rod and reaction kettle; a stirring motor cooperating with the reaction shaft is provided on the reaction kettle; a temperature sensor is provided in the reaction kettle, and an observation window is provided on the reaction kettle.

[0010] Furthermore, the atomization structure includes an atomization tube arranged at the bottom end of the reactor, an inverted cone guide tube is provided at the top end of the atomization tube, the inverted cone guide tube cooperates with the inverted cone guide plate arranged at the bottom end of the reaction shaft, and the inverted cone guide plate cooperates with the guide motor arranged in the reaction shaft; a powder atomizer cooperating with the inverted cone guide tube is symmetrically arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the atomization tube, the powder atomizer is connected to the atomization tube through an atomization adjustment member, the atomization adjustment member includes an atomization plate connected to the powder atomizer, an eccentric shaft is provided on the atomization plate, the eccentric shaft is connected to a ball joint seat arranged on the atomization tube through a ball joint head, an eccentric motor is provided on the eccentric shaft, and the eccentric motor cooperates with an eccentric sleeve arranged on the atomization plate; an atomization valve is provided on the inverted cone guide tube.

[0011] Furthermore, the powder atomizer includes a spherical atomizing barrel arranged downwardly in an atomizing tube, a hollow atomizing shaft is provided in the center of the spherical atomizing barrel, and an atomizing sleeve connected to the spherical atomizing barrel is sleeved on the hollow atomizing shaft; the hollow atomizing shaft is rotatably connected to the atomizing tube through an atomizing bearing, and the hollow atomizing shaft cooperates with an atomizing motor arranged on the atomizing tube.

[0012] Furthermore, atomizing cones connected to the hollow atomizing shaft are evenly distributed on the hemispherical surface of the spherical atomizing barrel, and atomizing micropores are provided on the tip of the atomizing cones, and the atomizing micropores are connected to the hollow atomizing shaft through an atomizing cavity arranged in the spherical atomizing barrel; a cone convex adjustment ring is provided on the atomizing cone, and the cone convex adjustment ring cooperates with the cone convex adjustment hole arranged on the spherical atomizing barrel, and a cone convex adjustment groove and a sealing ring that cooperate with the cone convex adjustment ring are provided in the cone convex adjustment hole; one end of the hollow atomizing shaft away from the spherical atomizing barrel is connected to a pressurizing pipe through a sealing bearing, and a pressurizing valve is provided on the pressurizing pipe; the atomizing pipe is connected to a vacuum pump.

[0013] Furthermore, the atomizing tube is provided with a radiator which is gap-matched with the powder atomizer, the radiator comprises a spiral heat dissipation tube sleeved on the atomizing tube, the spiral heat dissipation tube is sleeved with a heat dissipation sleeve which is rotatably connected to the atomizing tube, the heat dissipation sleeve is rotatably connected to the atomizing tube through a heat dissipation bearing, and a plurality of heat dissipation fans which match the spiral heat dissipation tube are sleeved in the heat dissipation sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the two ends of the spiral heat dissipation tube are respectively connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; the upper part of the heat dissipation sleeve is provided with a ring-shaped air inlet, and the bottom end of the heat dissipation sleeve is provided with a ring-shaped exhaust hole; the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are connected with heat dissipation equipment along the ring-shaped exhaust hole; the atomization tube is provided with a heat dissipation motor matched with the heat dissipation sleeve; the atomization tube is provided with a material guide shaft that rotates with the atomization tube, and the material guide shaft is staggered with arc-shaped material guide plates, and the bottom end of the material guide shaft is matched with the material guide motor arranged in the atomization tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the screening structure comprises a screening cylinder matched with the atomizing tube, a vertical hollow screening shaft matched with the atomizing tube is arranged in the screening cylinder, a spherical screening cage is arranged on the vertical hollow screening shaft, and a screening filter is sleeved in the spherical screening cage; the vertical hollow screening shaft is matched with the screening motor arranged on the screening cylinder, and the vertical hollow screening shaft is a hollow shaft; the screening structure is provided with a grinding structure matched with the atomizing structure, and the grinding structure comprises a grinding cylinder arranged on the screening cylinder and connected with the screening cylinder and the atomizing tube, a conical grinding cylinder is horizontally arranged in the grinding cylinder, and the conical grinding cylinder is arranged in the grinding cylinder. A grinding groove with a clearance fit is sleeved on the conical grinding cylinder, a grinding ball is arranged in the grinding groove, a spiral protrusion is arranged in the grinding cylinder, and the spiral protrusion cooperates with the spiral grinding groove arranged on the grinding ball; a grinding rack is arranged at the center of the conical grinding cylinder, the grinding rack cooperates with the rack motor arranged on the grinding cylinder, and the grinding rack is connected to the conical grinding cylinder through a rack bearing; a grinding sleeve connected to the conical grinding cylinder is sleeved on the grinding rack, and the grinding sleeve cooperates with the grinding motor arranged on the conical grinding cylinder through a grinding bearing arranged on the conical grinding cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, a funnel guide cylinder that cooperates with the atomization tube is provided at the top of the vertical hollow screening shaft, the vertical hollow screening shaft is rotatably connected to the screening cylinder through a screening bearing, and the vertical hollow screening shaft cooperates with a waste cylinder arranged at the bottom of the screening cylinder through a screening valve; a conical discharge cylinder that cooperates with the vertical hollow screening shaft in a clearance is provided at the bottom of the screening cylinder, and a discharge cover is provided at the bottom of the conical discharge cylinder; a screening vibrator is provided on the screening structure, and the screening vibrator includes a spherical vibration cage mounted on the spherical screening cage, and both ends of the spherical vibration cage are rotatably connected to the vertical hollow screening shaft through vibration bearings, and the spherical vibration cage is staggered with vibration inclined surfaces, which cooperate with vibration balls arranged on the spherical screening cage; a vibration motor is provided in the screening cylinder, and the vibration motor cooperates with a vibration sleeve that is mounted on the vertical hollow screening shaft and connected to the end of the spherical vibration cage.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention adopts a gas atomization method to prepare metal nanopowders, which can directly prepare metal nanopowders from large metal particles or metal blocks, making it convenient to select suitable large metal particles or metal blocks according to the metal nanopowders required. The large metal particles or metal blocks selected by the present invention do not need to crush metal powders to achieve the preparation of metal nanopowders; the present invention uses a reaction structure to quickly and efficiently melt large metal particles or metal blocks, and the atomization structure uses an inert gas flow to impact the molten metal at high speed, so that it is broken and atomized into fine metal droplets. Under the action of the radiator, the molten fine metal droplets are quickly cooled and solidified to form metal nanopowders, and then the metal nanopowders that meet the standards are screened out through a screening structure, thereby achieving the purpose of preparing metal nanopowders from large metal particles or metal blocks. The metal nanopowder prepared by the present invention has the characteristics of fine particle size, high sphericity, low oxygen content, etc., and is suitable for large-scale production and low cost; the powder atomizer of the present invention uses an inert gas to impact the molten metal, which can significantly reduce the oxygen content and impurity content in the metal nanopowder and improve the purity of the metal nanopowder. The inert gas is preferably helium, nitrogen, or argon.

[0018] (2) The present invention can prepare metal nanopowders in a vacuum environment. By using a vacuum pump to draw a vacuum into the atomization tube, the influence of the environment on the metal nanopowders during atomization can be reduced, thereby improving the purity and uniformity of the metal nanopowders, increasing the particle size of the metal nanopowders, reducing the oxygen content of the metal nanopowders, and improving the quality of the metal nanopowders.

[0019] (2) The atomization structure uses a powder atomizer to atomize the molten metal liquid flowing out of the inverted cone guide tube, so that the molten metal liquid is broken and atomized into fine metal droplets. The fine metal droplets are dissipated by a radiator, and the fine metal droplets are quickly cooled and formed to obtain metal nanopowders with fine particle size and high sphericity. The powder atomizer uses an inert gas, such as helium, to impact the molten metal at a high speed, so that it is quickly broken and atomized into fine metal droplets. The use of inert gas can prevent air from contacting the metal fine metal droplets, reduce the oxygen content of the metal nanopowder, and improve its quality.

[0020] (3) The present invention screens the metal nanopowders that have been atomized through a screening structure. The metal nanopowders that have been atomized flow into the vertical hollow screening shaft along the funnel guide tube. The screening structure drives the spherical screening cage to rotate along the vertical hollow screening shaft in the screening tube through the screening motor. The metal nanopowders that have been atomized in the vertical hollow screening shaft escape into the spherical screening cage along the hollow part of the vertical hollow screening shaft. Under the action of the screening filter, the metal nanopowders that meet the standards pass through the screening filter and fall into the screening tube, while the metal nanopowders that do not meet the standards are blocked in the screening filter, thereby completing the screening of the metal nanopowders that have been atomized.

[0021] (4) The screening structure of the present invention will not clog the screening filter during the screening process, and there is no need to clean or replace the screening filter, thereby improving the screening efficiency of metal nanopowders. After the screening is completed, the metal nanopowders that do not meet the standards will flow into the waste barrel along the vertical hollow screening axis, and the metal nanopowders that meet the standards will be collected along the conical discharge barrel, thereby meeting the screening needs of metal nanopowders.

[0022] In summary, the present invention prepares metal nanopowders in a vacuum environment, which can reduce the impact of the environment on the metal nanopowders during atomization, reduce the oxygen content of the metal nanopowders, and improve the quality of the metal nanopowders; the present invention adopts a gas atomization method to prepare metal nanopowders, which can directly prepare large metal particles or metal blocks into metal nanopowders, and can prepare metal nanopowders with the characteristics of fine particle size, high sphericity, low oxygen content, etc. at a low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in Example 1; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention in Example 1; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the reaction structure in Example 1; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reaction structure in Example 1; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring heater in Example 1; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the atomization structure in Example 1; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder atomizer in Example 1; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiator in Example 1; Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the arc-shaped material guide plate in Example 1; Fig.10 is a top view of the arc-shaped material guide plate in Example 1; Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of the screening structure in Example 1; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical hollow screening shaft in Example 1.

[0024] In the figure, a preparation rack 1, an atomizing structure 2, a reaction structure 3, a radiator 4, an atomizing tube 5, a screening structure 6, an inverted cone guide tube 201, an inverted cone guide plate 202, an atomizing motor 203, a powder atomizer 204, an atomizing valve 205, an atomizing sleeve 206, an atomizing bearing 207, a sealed bearing 208, a pressurizing tube 209, a hollow atomizing shaft 210, an atomizing cone convex 211, a spherical atomizing tube 212, a reactor 301, a reaction shaft 302, a sealing plug 303, a stirring motor 304, a scale 305, an observation window 306, an arc Reaction plate 307, reaction bearing 308, reaction hole 309, fan ring reaction rod 310, heat dissipation sleeve 401, air inlet 402, heat dissipation bearing 403, heat dissipation motor 404, material guide bearing 405, material guide shaft 406, material guide motor 407, arc-shaped material guide plate 408, screening cylinder 601, screening motor 602, vertical hollow screening shaft 603, spherical screening cage 604, screening bearing 605, discharge cover 606, conical discharge cylinder 607, screening filter 608, funnel guide cylinder 609, hollow hole 610, screening valve 611. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below by means of specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1

[0026] A metal nanopowder preparation system, the structure of which is as follows Figure 1-Figure 12 As shown, it includes a preparation frame 1, on which a matching powder preparation mechanism is arranged, the powder preparation mechanism includes a reaction structure 3, the reaction structure 3 is connected to an atomization structure 2, and the atomization structure 2 is connected to a screening structure 6.

[0027] The reaction structure 3 includes at least two reactors 301 arranged on the preparation frame 1, a reaction shaft 302 rotatably connected to the reactor 301 is arranged at the center of the reactor 301, a stirring heater is arranged on the reaction shaft 302, and the stirring heater includes an arc-shaped reaction plate 307 symmetrically arranged on the reaction shaft 302, the arc-shaped reaction plate 307 is provided with staggered reaction holes 309, and a fan-ring reaction rod 310 is arranged in the reaction hole 309.

[0028] A material guide cavity is provided at the top end of the reaction shaft 302, which cooperates with the material guide hole set on the reaction shaft 302, and a sealing plug 303 is provided at the top end of the material guide cavity to cooperate with the reaction shaft 302; both ends of the reaction rod are spherical guide ends; the reaction shaft 302, the arc-shaped reaction plate 307, the fan-ring reaction rod 310 and the reaction kettle 301 are all provided with heating wires; the reaction kettle 301 is provided with a stirring motor 304 to cooperate with the reaction shaft 302; the reaction kettle 301 is provided with a temperature sensor, and the reaction kettle 301 is provided with an observation window 306.

[0029] The atomization structure 2 includes an atomization tube 5 arranged at the bottom end of the reaction kettle 301, and an inverted conical guide tube 201 is arranged at the top of the atomization tube 5, and the inverted conical guide tube 201 cooperates with an inverted conical guide plate 202 arranged at the bottom end of the reaction shaft 302; a powder atomizer 204 cooperating with the inverted conical guide tube 201 is symmetrically arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the atomization tube 5; an atomization valve 205 is arranged on the inverted conical guide tube 201.

[0030] The powder atomizer 204 includes a spherical atomizing tube 212 which is arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the atomizing tube 5. A hollow atomizing shaft 210 is provided in the center of the spherical atomizing tube 212. An atomizing sleeve 206 connected to the spherical atomizing tube 212 is sleeved on the hollow atomizing shaft 210. The hollow atomizing shaft 210 is rotatably connected to the atomizing tube 5 through an atomizing bearing 207. The hollow atomizing shaft 210 cooperates with an atomizing motor 203 arranged on the atomizing tube 5.

[0031] The hemispherical surface of the spherical atomizing tube 212 is evenly distributed with atomizing cone convexities 211 connected to the hollow atomizing shaft 210, and atomizing micropores are arranged on the tip of the atomizing cone convexities 211; the end of the hollow atomizing shaft 210 away from the spherical atomizing tube 212 is connected to a pressurizing tube 209 through a sealed bearing 208, and a pressurizing valve is arranged on the pressurizing tube 209; the atomizing tube 5 is connected to a vacuum pump.

[0032] The atomizing tube 5 is provided with a heat sink 4 which is gap-matched with the powder atomizer 204. The heat sink 4 comprises a spiral heat dissipation tube sleeved on the atomizing tube 5. The spiral heat dissipation tube is sleeved with a heat dissipation sleeve 401 which is rotatably connected to the atomizing tube 5. The heat dissipation sleeve 401 is sleeved with a plurality of heat dissipation fans which match the spiral heat dissipation tube.

[0033] The two ends of the spiral heat dissipation tube are respectively connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; the upper part of the heat dissipation sleeve 401 is provided with a ring-shaped air inlet 402, and the bottom end of the heat dissipation sleeve 401 is provided with a ring-shaped exhaust hole; the atomization tube 5 is provided with a heat dissipation motor 404 matched with the heat dissipation sleeve 401; the atomization tube 5 is provided with a material guide shaft 406 that rotates with the atomization tube 5, and the material guide shaft 406 is staggered with arc-shaped material guide plates 408, and the bottom end of the material guide shaft 406 is matched with the material guide motor 407 arranged in the atomization tube 5.

[0034] The screening structure 6 includes a screening cylinder 601 matched with the atomizing tube 5, a vertical hollow screening shaft 603 matched with the atomizing tube 5 is arranged inside the screening cylinder 601, a spherical screening cage 604 is arranged on the vertical hollow screening shaft 603, and a screening filter 608 is sleeved in the spherical screening cage 604; the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 is matched with a screening motor 602 arranged on the screening cylinder 601, and the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 is a hollow shaft.

[0035] A funnel guide cylinder 609 matching with the atomizing tube 5 is provided at the top of the vertical hollow screening shaft 603; the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 is rotatably connected with the screening cylinder 601 via a screening bearing 605; the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 matches with a waste cylinder arranged at the bottom of the screening cylinder 601 via a screening valve 611; a conical discharge cylinder 607 matching with the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 in clearance is provided at the bottom of the screening cylinder 601; a discharge cover 606 is provided at the bottom of the conical discharge cylinder 607.

[0036] A method for preparing a metal nanopowder system, the steps comprising: S1, melting large metal particles or metal blocks or metal powder through reaction structure 3; Open the sealing plug 303, add large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder into the reactor 301 on the preparation frame 1 through the material guide cavity, the large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder flow into the reactor 301 along the material guide hole, use the electric heating wire in the reaction structure 3 to heat the reaction shaft 302, the arc-shaped reaction plate 307, the fan-shaped reaction rod 310 and the reactor 301, so that the temperature in the reactor 301 is rapidly increased, the stirring motor 304 drives the stirring heater to rotate through the reaction shaft 302, the reaction shaft 302 rotates along the reaction bearing 308, drives the arc-shaped reaction plate 307 and the fan-shaped reaction rod 310 in the reaction hole 309 to rotate, continuously stirs the metal in the reactor 301, makes it evenly heated, facilitates the rapid melting of the metal in the reactor 301, and monitors the reaction temperature in the reactor 301 in real time through the temperature sensor; the design of multiple reactors 301 can realize continuous preparation of metal nanopowders.

[0037] The amount of large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder added and the melting effect in the reactor 301 are observed through the observation window 306 and the scale 305; the stirring heater is started before adding large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder, so as to evenly distribute the added metal materials in the reactor 301. After the molten metal is added, the sealing plug 303 is used to close the material guide cavity to prevent the metal materials from clogging and affecting the use of the stirring heater.

[0038] S2, atomizing and forming the melted metal molten liquid through the atomizing structure 2; After the metal in the reactor 301 is completely melted, before atomization and forming, a vacuum pump is used to draw the atomization pipe 5 into a vacuum state, and the atomization valve 205 is opened. The melted metal molten liquid flows to the atomization pipe 5, and when it flows through the inverted cone guide plate 202 and the inverted cone guide pipe 201, it flows along the guide hole at the tip of the inverted cone guide pipe 201. The powder atomizer 204 is used to impact the metal molten liquid flowing out of the tip of the inverted cone guide pipe 201 with a high-speed airflow. Specifically, the inert gas is used to high-speed The molten liquid metal is impacted at high speed, and the pressure valve is opened. An inert gas, such as helium, is pressurized and filled into the hollow atomizing shaft 210 through the pressure tube 209 of the atomizing structure 2. The inert gas flows along the hollow atomizing shaft 210 toward the side of the spherical atomizing tube 212, and high-pressure inert gas is sprayed toward the flowing molten metal liquid through the atomizing micropores at the tip of the atomizing cone convex 211 on the spherical atomizing tube 212. The inert gas impacts the molten metal liquid at high speed, causing it to be atomized and broken into nanometer-level fine metal droplets.

[0039] At the same time, the atomizing motor 203 drives the hollow atomizing shaft 210 to rotate on the atomizing tube 5 along the atomizing bearing 207, and the pressurizing tube 209 rotates on the hollow atomizing shaft 210 along the sealing bearing 208, so that the spherical atomizing tube 212 and the atomizing sleeve 206 continue to rotate in the atomizing tube 5, stirring the atomized and broken fine metal droplets, causing them to slide down quickly along the atomizing tube 5.

[0040] Then, the radiator 4 is used to quickly dissipate the heat of the fine metal droplets in the atomizing tube 5, and the fine metal droplets are quickly cooled and formed to obtain metal nanopowders with fine particle size and high sphericity. The radiator 4 drives the heat dissipation sleeve 401 to rotate on the atomizing tube 5 along the heat dissipation bearing 403 through the heat dissipation motor 404. The heat dissipation fan rotates with the heat dissipation sleeve 401 to generate a heat dissipation airflow, so that the airflow flows into the heat dissipation sleeve 401 along the annular air inlet 402, and then discharges the heat dissipation sleeve 401 along the annular exhaust hole, and the spiral heat dissipation tube on the atomizing tube 5 is heat-dissipated. At the same time, the material guide motor 407 drives the material guide shaft 406 to rotate along the material guide bearing 405 in the atomizing tube 5, so that the staggered arc-shaped material guide plates 408 rotate in the atomizing tube 5, so that the fine metal droplets gradually pass through the heat dissipation area along the arc-shaped material guide plates 408, so that the molten fine metal droplets are quickly cooled and solidified to form metal nanopowders, and the atomization molding process of the metal nanopowder is completed.

[0041] The use of inert gas can prevent air from coming into contact with tiny metal droplets, reduce the oxygen content of metal nanopowders, and improve the atomization molding quality of metal nanopowders.

[0042] S3, screening the metal nanopowders meeting the standards through the screening structure 6; The metal nanopowder after atomization forming flows into the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 after passing through the funnel guide cylinder 609. The screening structure 6 drives the spherical screening cage 604 and the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 to rotate along the screening bearing 605 in the screening cylinder 601 through the screening motor 602. The metal nanopowder after atomization forming in the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 escapes into the spherical screening cage 604 along the hollow holes 610 of the vertical hollow screening shaft 603. Under the action of the screening filter 608, the metal nanopowder that meets the standards passes through the screening filter 608 and falls into the screening cylinder 601, and the metal nanopowder that does not meet the standards is blocked in the screening filter 608, thereby screening and classifying the metal nanopowder after atomization forming.

[0043] After the screening and classification is completed, the discharge cover 606 is opened first, and the metal nanopowder that meets the standards in the screening cylinder 601 flows out along the conical discharge cylinder 607 and is collected. After the metal nanopowder that meets the standards is collected, the screening valve 611 is opened, and the metal nanopowder that does not meet the standards in the spherical screening cage 604 flows into the waste cylinder through the hollow vertical hollow screening shaft 603, which is convenient for re-melting and preparing metal nanopowder processing, thereby completing the classification and screening of the prepared metal nanopowder. Example 2

[0044] A method for preparing a metal nanopowder system, the steps comprising: S1, melting large metal particles or metal blocks or metal powder through reaction structure 3; Open the sealing plug 303, add large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder into the reactor 301 on the preparation frame 1 through the material guide cavity, the large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder flow into the reactor 301 along the material guide hole, use the electric heating wire in the reaction structure 3 to heat the reaction shaft 302, the arc-shaped reaction plate 307, the fan-shaped reaction rod 310 and the reactor 301, so that the temperature in the reactor 301 is rapidly increased, the stirring motor 304 drives the stirring heater to rotate through the reaction shaft 302, the reaction shaft 302 rotates along the reaction bearing 308, drives the arc-shaped reaction plate 307 and the fan-shaped reaction rod 310 in the reaction hole 309 to rotate, continuously stirs the metal in the reactor 301, makes it evenly heated, facilitates the rapid melting of the metal in the reactor 301, and monitors the reaction temperature in the reactor 301 in real time through the temperature sensor; the design of multiple reactors 301 can realize continuous preparation of metal nanopowders.

[0045] The amount of large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder added and the melting effect in the reactor 301 are observed through the observation window 306 and the scale 305; the stirring heater is started before adding large metal particles, metal blocks or metal powder, so as to evenly distribute the added metal materials in the reactor 301. After the molten metal is added, the sealing plug 303 is used to close the material guide cavity to prevent the metal materials from clogging and affecting the use of the stirring heater.

[0046] S2, atomizing and forming the melted metal molten liquid through the atomizing structure 2; After the metal in the reactor 301 is completely melted, before atomization and forming, a vacuum pump is used to draw the atomization pipe 5 into a vacuum state, and the atomization valve 205 is opened. The melted metal molten liquid flows to the atomization pipe 5, and when it flows through the inverted cone guide plate 202 and the inverted cone guide pipe 201, it flows along the guide hole at the tip of the inverted cone guide pipe 201. The powder atomizer 204 is used to impact the metal molten liquid flowing out of the tip of the inverted cone guide pipe 201 with a high-speed airflow. Specifically, the inert gas is used to high-speed The molten liquid metal is impacted at high speed, and the pressure valve is opened. An inert gas, such as helium, is pressurized and filled into the hollow atomizing shaft 210 through the pressure tube 209 of the atomizing structure 2. The inert gas flows along the hollow atomizing shaft 210 toward the side of the spherical atomizing tube 212, and high-pressure inert gas is sprayed toward the flowing molten metal liquid through the atomizing micropores at the tip of the atomizing cone convex 211 on the spherical atomizing tube 212. The inert gas impacts the molten metal liquid at high speed, causing it to be atomized and broken into nanometer-level fine metal droplets.

[0047] At the same time, the atomizing motor 203 drives the hollow atomizing shaft 210 to rotate on the atomizing tube 5 along the atomizing bearing 207, and the pressurizing tube 209 rotates on the hollow atomizing shaft 210 along the sealing bearing 208, so that the spherical atomizing tube 212 and the atomizing sleeve 206 continue to rotate in the atomizing tube 5, stirring the atomized and broken fine metal droplets, causing them to slide down quickly along the atomizing tube 5.

[0048] Then, the radiator 4 is used to quickly dissipate the heat of the fine metal droplets in the atomizing tube 5, and the fine metal droplets are quickly cooled and formed to obtain metal nanopowders with fine particle size and high sphericity. The radiator 4 drives the heat dissipation sleeve 401 to rotate on the atomizing tube 5 along the heat dissipation bearing 403 through the heat dissipation motor 404. The heat dissipation fan rotates with the heat dissipation sleeve 401 to generate a heat dissipation airflow, so that the airflow flows into the heat dissipation sleeve 401 along the annular air inlet 402, and then discharges the heat dissipation sleeve 401 along the annular exhaust hole, and the spiral heat dissipation tube on the atomizing tube 5 is heat-dissipated. At the same time, the material guide motor 407 drives the material guide shaft 406 to rotate along the material guide bearing 405 in the atomizing tube 5, so that the staggered arc-shaped material guide plates 408 rotate in the atomizing tube 5, so that the fine metal droplets gradually pass through the heat dissipation area along the arc-shaped material guide plates 408, so that the molten fine metal droplets are quickly cooled and solidified to form metal nanopowders, and the atomization molding process of the metal nanopowder is completed.

[0049] The use of inert gas can prevent air from coming into contact with tiny metal droplets, reduce the oxygen content of metal nanopowders, and improve the atomization molding quality of metal nanopowders.

[0050] S3, screening the metal nanopowders meeting the standards through the screening structure 6; The metal nanopowder after atomization forming flows into the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 after passing through the funnel guide cylinder 609. The screening structure 6 drives the spherical screening cage 604 and the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 to rotate along the screening bearing 605 in the screening cylinder 601 through the screening motor 602. The metal nanopowder after atomization forming in the vertical hollow screening shaft 603 escapes into the spherical screening cage 604 along the hollow holes 610 of the vertical hollow screening shaft 603. Under the action of the screening filter 608, the metal nanopowder that meets the standards passes through the screening filter 608 and falls into the screening cylinder 601, and the metal nanopowder that does not meet the standards is blocked in the screening filter 608, thereby screening and classifying the metal nanopowder after atomization forming.

[0051] After the screening and classification is completed, the discharge cover 606 is opened first, and the metal nanopowder that meets the standards in the screening cylinder 601 flows out along the conical discharge cylinder 607 and is collected. After the metal nanopowder that meets the standards is collected, the screening valve 611 is opened, and the metal nanopowder that does not meet the standards in the spherical screening cage 604 flows into the waste cylinder through the hollow vertical hollow screening shaft 603, which is convenient for re-melting and preparing metal nanopowder processing, thereby completing the classification and screening of the prepared metal nanopowder. Example 3

[0052] A metal nanopowder preparation system, which is different from Example 1 in that: a screening vibrator is provided on the screening structure, the screening vibrator includes a spherical vibration cage sleeved on the spherical screening cage, both ends of the spherical vibration cage are rotatably connected to a vertical hollow screening shaft through vibration bearings, and the spherical vibration cage is staggered with vibration inclined surfaces, which cooperate with vibration balls arranged on the spherical screening cage; a vibration motor is provided in the screening cylinder, and the vibration motor cooperates with a vibration sleeve sleeved on the vertical hollow screening shaft and connected to the end of the spherical vibration cage. Example 4

[0053] A metal nanopowder preparation system, which is different from Example 1 in that: a powder atomizer is connected to an atomizing tube through an atomizing adjusting component, the atomizing adjusting component includes an atomizing plate connected to the powder atomizer, an eccentric shaft is provided on the atomizing plate, the eccentric shaft is connected to a ball joint seat arranged on the atomizing tube through a ball joint head, an eccentric motor is provided on the eccentric shaft, and the eccentric motor cooperates with an eccentric sleeve arranged on the atomizing plate.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited to the above examples. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal nanopowder preparation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a preparation frame, on which a matching powder preparation mechanism is arranged, the powder preparation mechanism comprises a reaction structure, the reaction structure is connected with an atomization structure, and the atomization structure is connected with a screening structure.

2. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction structure comprises at least two reactors arranged on a preparation frame, a reaction shaft rotatably connected to the reactor is arranged at the center of the reactor, a stirring heater is arranged on the reaction shaft, the stirring heater comprises an arc-shaped reaction plate symmetrically arranged on the reaction shaft, staggered reaction holes are arranged on the arc-shaped reaction plate, and fan-ring reaction rods are arranged in the reaction holes.

3. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material guide cavity is provided at the top of the reaction shaft, which cooperates with the material guide hole arranged on the reaction shaft, and a sealing plug which cooperates with the reaction shaft is provided at the top of the material guide cavity; both ends of the reaction rod are spherical guide ends; electric heating wires are provided in the reaction shaft, the arc-shaped reaction plate, the fan-ring reaction rod and the reaction kettle; a stirring motor which cooperates with the reaction shaft is provided on the reaction kettle; a temperature sensor is provided in the reaction kettle, and an observation window is provided on the reaction kettle.

4. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The atomization structure comprises an atomization tube arranged at the bottom end of the reaction kettle, an inverted cone guide tube is arranged at the top end of the atomization tube, and the inverted cone guide tube cooperates with the inverted cone guide plate arranged at the bottom end of the reaction shaft; a powder atomizer is symmetrically arranged in a downwardly inclined manner in the atomization tube and cooperates with the inverted cone guide tube; an atomization valve is arranged on the inverted cone guide tube.

5. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The powder atomizer comprises a spherical atomizing tube which is arranged in an atomizing tube at an angle downward, a hollow atomizing shaft is arranged in the center of the spherical atomizing tube, and an atomizing sleeve which is connected to the spherical atomizing tube is sleeved on the hollow atomizing shaft; the hollow atomizing shaft is rotatably connected to the atomizing tube through an atomizing bearing, and the hollow atomizing shaft cooperates with an atomizing motor arranged on the atomizing tube.

6. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Atomizing cones connected to the hollow atomizing shaft are evenly distributed on the hemispherical surface of the spherical atomizing tube, and atomizing micropores are arranged on the tip of the atomizing cones; one end of the hollow atomizing shaft away from the spherical atomizing tube is connected to a pressurizing tube through a sealed bearing, and a pressurizing valve is arranged on the pressurizing tube; the atomizing tube is connected to a vacuum pump.

7. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The atomizing tube is provided with a heat sink which is gap-matched with the powder atomizer. The heat sink comprises a spiral heat dissipation tube sleeved on the atomizing tube. The spiral heat dissipation tube is sleeved with a heat dissipation sleeve which is rotatably connected with the atomizing tube. The heat dissipation sleeve is sleeved with a plurality of heat dissipation fans which match with the spiral heat dissipation tube.

8. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two ends of the spiral heat dissipation tube are respectively connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; the upper part of the heat dissipation sleeve is provided with a ring-shaped air inlet, and the bottom end of the heat dissipation sleeve is provided with a ring-shaped exhaust hole; the atomization tube is provided with a heat dissipation motor matched with the heat dissipation sleeve; the atomization tube is provided with a material guide shaft that rotates with the atomization tube, and arc-shaped material guide plates are staggered on the material guide shaft, and the bottom end of the material guide shaft is matched with the material guide motor arranged in the atomization tube.

9. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The screening structure includes a screening cylinder matched with the atomizing tube, a vertical hollow screening shaft matched with the atomizing tube is arranged in the screening cylinder, a spherical screening cage is arranged on the vertical hollow screening shaft, and a screening filter is arranged inside the spherical screening cage; the vertical hollow screening shaft is matched with a screening motor arranged on the screening cylinder, and the vertical hollow screening shaft is a hollow shaft.

10. The metal nanopowder preparation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A funnel guide cylinder matched with the atomizing tube is provided at the top of the vertical hollow screening shaft, the vertical hollow screening shaft is rotatably connected with the screening cylinder through a screening bearing, and the vertical hollow screening shaft is matched with a waste cylinder arranged at the bottom of the screening cylinder through a screening valve; a conical discharge cylinder which is gap-matched with the vertical hollow screening shaft is provided at the bottom of the screening cylinder, and a discharge cover is provided at the bottom of the conical discharge cylinder.

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