A method for preparing porcelain clay and a clay kneading device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing a porcelain mud material and a mud-training device, which belongs to the field of ceramic production technology, and includes a frame, two first screws, two extrusion conditions, two clamping members, a splitting assembly and an extrusion assembly. The frame is provided with a vacuum chamber, a mud-dividing cavity and an extrusion cavity. The extrusion condition is provided with a plurality of guide holes. The axes of the two groups of guide holes are staggered and arranged facing each other on the extension line close to the side of the vacuum chamber. The clamping members intermittently clamp the porcelain mud extruded from the plurality of guide holes. The splitting assembly is used to split the porcelain mud passing through the clamping members. The extrusion assembly is used to push the porcelain mud out of the extrusion cavity to the outside of the frame. The method for preparing a porcelain mud material and a mud-training device of the present invention guide the porcelain mud structure during extrusion, so that the particles contained in the porcelain mud are orderly partitioned in the length direction, and the particles in each partition of the porcelain mud are regularly arranged, so that the porcelain mud is not prone to long internal cracks during subsequent drying or roasting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic production, in particular to a method for preparing porcelain clay and clay kneading equipment. Background Art

[0002] In ceramic production, in order to improve the plasticity of porcelain clay, the existing porcelain clay can be evenly mixed with additives using a clay kneading machine. In addition, the clay kneading machine can also effectively remove the air in the porcelain clay by connecting to a vacuum pump, making the porcelain clay denser when squeezed out of the equipment, thereby improving the mechanical strength of the blanks made of porcelain clay.

[0003] The existing clay kneading machine usually adopts a single screw or a twin screw to stir the porcelain clay put into the equipment, and finally extrude the porcelain clay into a long strip structure corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the necking through the necking structure of the clay outlet of the clay kneading machine.

[0004] For porcelain clay, which is mainly composed of particles such as clay, feldspar, quartz and talc in the shape of long columns or thin plates, when the porcelain clay is extruded from the clay mixing machine, the gap between the particles in the parallel direction of the particle structure greatly exceeds the vertical direction due to the external force of the screw extrusion and the shrinkage structure, so that most of the porcelain clay particles are arranged in a spiral line around the axis of the clay mixing machine to extrude the porcelain clay. In the subsequent molding process, workers or automatic molding machines basically cut small sections of porcelain clay along the axis direction of the porcelain clay to mold the blanks, which makes it easy to form long internal cracks due to inconsistent shrinkage during subsequent drying or baking. The most typical crack pattern is spiral cracks. Since the cracks are large, it is difficult to repair and the workload is also large.

[0005] In view of the above problems, a method for preparing porcelain clay and a clay kneading device are proposed to reasonably arrange the particles in the porcelain clay. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to propose a method for preparing porcelain clay and clay kneading equipment.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a clay kneading device for porcelain clay material, comprising:

[0008] A frame is placed on the ground, wherein a vacuum chamber connected to a vacuum pump is arranged in the frame, and a mud separation chamber and an extrusion chamber are connected to the vacuum chamber and the outside of the frame, wherein a first constriction is arranged at one end of the mud separation chamber close to the vacuum chamber, and a second constriction is arranged at one end of the extrusion chamber away from the vacuum chamber;

[0009] A first screw rod is rotatably disposed in the mud separation chamber, and there are two of them. The two first screw rods rotate in opposite directions and are used to squeeze the porcelain mud put into the mud separation chamber into the vacuum chamber when rotating;

[0010] Extrusion conditions are arranged at the end of the mud separation chamber close to the vacuum chamber, and there are two of them. The extrusion conditions are provided with a plurality of guide holes connecting the vacuum chamber and the mud separation chamber, and the axes of the two groups of guide holes are arranged in an interlaced manner facing each other on the extension lines of the side close to the vacuum chamber;

[0011] A clamping piece, which is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and there are two of them, and the two clamping pieces intermittently clamp the porcelain mud extruded from the plurality of guide holes;

[0012] A splitting assembly is installed in the vacuum chamber, and is used to split the porcelain mud passing through the clamping member, and make the split porcelain mud fall into the extrusion cavity in sequence;

[0013] An extrusion assembly is arranged in the extrusion cavity, and is used to push the porcelain mud out of the extrusion cavity to the outside of the frame;

[0014] Among them, the surface of the extrusion condition is coated with an anti-stick coating, and each of the clamping parts is formed with a plurality of engaging strips on the end face close to another clamping part, and the angle between the extension lines of the two groups of guide hole axes and their adjacent groups of engaging strips does not exceed 5 degrees, and the dividing assembly and the clamping part are synchronously operated by a controller arranged on the frame.

[0015] The present invention is further configured as follows: the extrusion conditions are rotatably connected to the frame, the two extrusion conditions reciprocate and rotate close to each other, and the rotation axes of the two extrusion conditions are both arranged at a position away from the porcelain mud extrusion guide hole, and the frame is provided with a driving element for driving the extrusion conditions to rotate.

[0016] The present invention is further configured as follows: a first motor for driving the clamping member to rotate is fixedly arranged on the frame, the clamping member is rotationally connected to the frame, and when the two clamping members rotate to the closest point, the adjacent ends of the two groups of the engaging strips are in parallel positions.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the cross section of the engaging strip gradually increases from a position away from the end surface of the clamping member.

[0018] The present invention is further configured as follows: an anti-sticking block is fixedly arranged in the vacuum chamber, the dividing assembly includes a cutter, a second motor is fixedly arranged on the frame for driving the cutter to rotate and fit into the surface of the anti-sticking block, an end face of the anti-sticking block facing the cutting edge is formed with an inclined surface from bottom to top and a clearance groove for accommodating the rotation and embedding of the cutter, and the inclined surface is used to guide the porcelain mud sliding against its surface to deflect and fall to the state of the extrusion cavity.

[0019] The present invention is further configured as follows: the extrusion assembly includes a second screw rotatably connected to the frame, one end of the second screw penetrates into the bottom of the vacuum chamber, and the first screw and the second screw are both driven by a driving source arranged on the frame.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that the mud material cut off by the cutting assembly can completely fall into the spiral groove formed on the circumference of the second screw.

[0021] A method for preparing porcelain clay material, using the above-mentioned porcelain clay material kneading equipment for preparation, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: Clay pretreatment, crushing and grinding the porcelain clay, then adding additives to the porcelain clay, and then mixing the porcelain clay and the additives to form porcelain mud;

[0023] S2: Clay kneading, dividing the porcelain clay into small pieces and gradually putting them into the clay kneading equipment. The porcelain clay squeezed out of the clay kneading equipment can be cut into several small pieces for storage;

[0024] S3: Drying: sending the porcelain clay into a drying device or environment for drying to obtain a porcelain blank;

[0025] The ceramic blank comprises a plurality of mesh layers tightly bonded along its extrusion direction, wherein the mesh layers are bonded together by a plurality of warp mud strips and a plurality of weft mud strips, and the axes of adjacent warp mud strips and adjacent weft mud strips in adjacent mesh layers do not overlap.

[0026] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: by guiding the porcelain clay structure during extrusion, the particles contained in the porcelain clay are orderly partitioned in the length direction, and the particles in each partition of the porcelain clay are regularly arranged, so that the porcelain clay is not prone to long internal cracks during subsequent drying or firing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the frame of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the first screw of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural exploded diagram of the frame and the second screw rod of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of porcelain clay cut by a cutting knife.

[0033] In the figure: 1, frame; 101, mud chamber; 102, vacuum chamber; 103, extrusion chamber; 2, first screw; 3, extrusion condition; 301, guide hole; 4, clamping piece; 401, fitting strip; 5, cutter; 6, second screw; 7, first motor; 8, second motor; 9, anti-sticking block; 901, inclined surface; 902, give way groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments.

[0035] A clay kneading device for porcelain clay, such as Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 As shown, it includes a frame 1 placed on the ground, a vacuum chamber 102 connected to a vacuum pump and a vacuum gauge is arranged in the frame 1, the vacuum pump is placed on the ground and connected to the vacuum chamber 102 by a pipeline, and a mud dividing chamber 101 and an extrusion chamber 103 are respectively arranged at both ends of the vacuum chamber 102, both of which are connected to the vacuum chamber 102 and the outside of the frame 1, the mud dividing chamber 101 is arranged above the extrusion chamber 103, wherein a material feeding hopper is arranged on the mud dividing chamber 101, and a conveyor belt can be arranged at one end of the extrusion chamber 103 away from the vacuum chamber 102.

[0036] like Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 As shown, two first screws 2 with parallel axes are rotatably connected in the mud dividing chamber 101, and the rotation directions of the two first screws 2 are opposite, so that the porcelain mud put in from the hopper is divided into two portions of porcelain mud under the action of the rotation of the two first screws 2, and is pushed by one of the first screws 2 respectively until the porcelain mud put in the mud dividing chamber 101 is squeezed into the vacuum chamber 102, and two squeezing conditions 3 are arranged at the end of the mud dividing chamber 101 close to the vacuum chamber 102, and the squeezing conditions 3 are provided with a plurality of guide holes 301 connecting the vacuum chamber 102 and the mud dividing chamber 101, and the two groups of guide holes 301 are arranged at the openings on one side of the vacuum chamber 102 facing each other and staggered, and the two portions of porcelain mud are changed in cross-sectional shape when entering the vacuum chamber 102 from the mud dividing chamber 101 because of passing through the plurality of guide holes 301, and in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the guide holes 301 is circular;

[0037] Before the porcelain mud passes through the guide hole 301, in order to make the long particles contained in the porcelain mud extruded from the guide hole 301 have a preliminary directional arrangement, a first constriction is provided at one end of the mud chamber 101 close to the vacuum chamber 102. When the porcelain mud passes through the first constriction, some particles are spirally distributed with the longer end facing the propulsion direction of the porcelain mud. Then, when the porcelain mud enters the guide holes 301, the particles contained in the porcelain mud are again arranged in a directional manner. Since there are no two first screws 2 in the guide holes 301 to stir the porcelain mud, the spiral arrangement of the particles gradually approaches a straight line during extrusion, that is, each The length direction of the particles contained in the cylindrical porcelain mud extruded from the guide hole 301 is nearly in the same direction as the extension line of the axis of the guide hole 301 in the vacuum chamber 102. Since the axes of the two groups of guide holes 301 are staggered and arranged facing each other on the extension line close to the vacuum chamber 102, the cylindrical porcelain muds extruded from the two groups of guide holes 301 are spliced ​​into a mesh structure. Since the porcelain mud passes through two contraction cross-section positions before being extruded from the guide hole 301, the particle structure in each porcelain mud is relatively compact, and it is not easy to bend to a large extent due to its own weight in the initial stage of extrusion from the guide hole 301.

[0038] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 as well as Figure 6 As shown, a clamping member 4 and a splitting assembly are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the vacuum chamber 102, wherein two clamping members 4 are provided, and the two clamping members 4 intermittently clamp the porcelain mud extruded from the plurality of guide holes 301, and the plurality of porcelain muds clamped by the clamping members 4 are fixed and bonded together due to the characteristics of the porcelain mud;

[0039] Among them, the surface of the extrusion condition 3 is coated with an anti-stick coating. In order to interrupt the arrangement of the particles in the length direction of each cylindrical porcelain clay, a plurality of interlocking strips 401 are formed on the end face of each clamping piece 4 close to another clamping piece 4, and the angle between the extended lines of the axes of the two groups of guide holes 301 and the adjacent groups of interlocking strips 401 does not exceed 5 degrees, so that the clamping piece 4 can abut against the surface of the cylindrical porcelain clay through the interlocking strips 401, and squeeze a plurality of parallel cylindrical porcelain clays on one side toward the surface of the cylindrical porcelain clays on the other side. When under pressure, the gaps between the cylindrical porcelain clays are filled toward the circumferential side. At this time, the porcelain clay forms a flat long strip shape. After being clamped by the clamping member 4, a number of regularly arranged quadrilateral partition structures are formed inside the porcelain clay. The length direction of the particles contained in the porcelain clay is opposite to the four sides of the quadrilateral. Subsequently, the porcelain clay passing through the clamping member 4 is divided by the dividing component, and the divided porcelain clay composed of multiple cylindrical porcelain clays falls into the extrusion cavity 103 in turn. In order to make the structural shape of each piece divided more uniform, the dividing component and the clamping member 4 are synchronously operated by a controller arranged on the frame 1.

[0040] like Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, an extrusion assembly for pushing the porcelain mud out of the extrusion chamber 103 to the outside of the frame 1 is provided in the extrusion chamber 103, wherein, since a second constriction is provided at one end of the extrusion chamber 103 away from the vacuum chamber 102, each piece of porcelain mud that falls into the extrusion chamber 103 is finally tightly bonded at the position of the second constriction. In this embodiment, the extrusion assembly includes a second screw 6 rotatably connected to the frame 1, one end of the second screw 6 penetrates into the bottom of the vacuum chamber 102, and the first screw 2 and the second screw 6 are driven by a driving source provided on the frame 1. In order to reduce the influence of the second screw 6 on the shape of the porcelain mud when transmitting the porcelain mud, the porcelain mud cut by the splitting assembly can completely fall into the spiral groove formed on the side of the second screw 6, that is, until the porcelain mud enters the second constriction, the porcelain mud is pushed up by the second screw 6 from the state of fitting the spiral groove surface until it fills the cross section of the second constriction.

[0041] At the same time, due to the reduction in the cross-sectional area of ​​the second necking, each piece of porcelain clay divided by the dividing component forms a circular arc structure with a small bend at the four corners in the cross section, and each adjacent piece of porcelain clay is offset due to the bend at the four corners of the previous piece of porcelain clay, so that the adjacent porcelain clays are misaligned when they are fitted together. Finally, when in the second necking, each piece of porcelain clay adheres to each other, and finally when extruded from the extrusion cavity 103, the porcelain clay forms a circular cross-sectional shape. At this time, the porcelain clay is divided into several hexahedral structures with tightly bonded sides, and the particles in each hexahedral structure are surrounded along its length direction to form a quadrilateral, and the adjacent hexahedral structures of the porcelain clay extruded from the extrusion cavity 103 are also misaligned in the length direction.

[0042] In this embodiment, the driving source is two driving motors fixedly arranged on the frame 1 and a reducer connected to the output end of the driving motor. The first screw 2 and the second screw 6 are respectively connected to a reducer. The two first screws 2 are meshed for transmission. The openings of the guide holes 301 at one end of the mud dividing chamber 101 of the two extrusion conditions 3 are at far apart positions to cooperate with the rotation direction of the first screw 2, so that the porcelain mud can enter the guide hole 301 more easily.

[0043] Effect of the invention: By guiding the porcelain clay structure during extrusion, the particles contained in the porcelain clay are orderly partitioned in the length direction, and the particles in each partition of the porcelain clay are regularly arranged, so that the porcelain clay is not prone to long internal cracks during subsequent drying or roasting.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown, in order to further disperse the continuity of the internal arrangement of the porcelain mud, the extrusion condition 3 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the two extrusion conditions 3 reciprocate and rotate close to each other, and the rotation axes of the two extrusion conditions 3 are both set at a position away from the porcelain mud extrusion guide hole 301. The frame 1 is provided with a driving element for driving the extrusion condition 3 to rotate. By rotating the extrusion condition 3, the porcelain mud extruded from the two groups of guide holes 301 are staggered to form quadrilateral structures of different shapes. In this embodiment, the two extrusion conditions 3 pass through the vacuum chamber 102 for meshing transmission, and the driving element includes a reciprocating motor coaxially connected to one of the extrusion conditions 3, and the reciprocating motor is fixedly arranged on the frame 1. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the engaging strip 401 is an isosceles trapezoidal structure with a cross-section gradually increasing from the end face position away from the clamping member 4. In order to enable the engaging strip 401 to effectively extrude porcelain muds of different staggered shapes, the rotation angle of the extrusion condition 3 does not exceed 5 degrees.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, a first motor 7 for driving the clamping member 4 to rotate is fixedly provided on the frame 1, and the clamping member 4 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. Furthermore, in order to make the surface of the porcelain clay clamped by the clamping member 4 smoother, when the two clamping members 4 rotate to the nearest point, the ends of the two sets of engaging strips 401 that are close to each other are in parallel positions.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, an anti-sticking block 9 is fixedly installed in the vacuum chamber 102, the dividing assembly includes a cutter 5, and a second motor 8 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 for driving the cutter 5 to rotate and fit the surface of the anti-sticking block 9. Since in this embodiment, the directions of the porcelain mud in the vacuum chamber 102 and the extrusion cavity 103 are different, the end surface of the anti-sticking block 9 facing the cutting edge of the cutter 5 is formed with an inclined surface 901 from bottom to top and a make way groove 902 for accommodating the rotation and embedding of the cutter 5, wherein the inclined surface 901 is used to guide the porcelain mud sliding against its surface to deflect and fall to the state of the extrusion cavity 103.

[0047] A method for preparing porcelain clay material, using the above-mentioned porcelain clay material kneading equipment for preparation, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: Clay pretreatment, crushing and grinding the porcelain clay, then adding additives to the porcelain clay, and then mixing the porcelain clay and the additives to form porcelain mud;

[0049] S2: Clay kneading, dividing the porcelain clay into small pieces and gradually putting them into the clay kneading equipment. The porcelain clay squeezed out of the clay kneading equipment can be cut into several small pieces for storage;

[0050] S3: Drying: sending the porcelain clay into a drying device or environment for drying to obtain a porcelain blank;

[0051] The porcelain blank comprises a plurality of mesh layers tightly bonded along its extrusion direction, the mesh layers are bonded by a plurality of warp mud strips and a plurality of weft mud strips, and the axes of adjacent warp mud strips and adjacent weft mud strips in adjacent mesh layers do not overlap.

[0052] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0053] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A clay kneading device for porcelain clay, characterized in that: include: A frame is placed on the ground, wherein a vacuum chamber connected to a vacuum pump is arranged in the frame, and a mud separation chamber and an extrusion chamber are connected to the vacuum chamber and the outside of the frame, wherein a first constriction is arranged at one end of the mud separation chamber close to the vacuum chamber, and a second constriction is arranged at one end of the extrusion chamber away from the vacuum chamber; A first screw rod is rotatably disposed in the mud separation chamber, and there are two of them. The two first screw rods rotate in opposite directions and are used to squeeze the porcelain mud put into the mud separation chamber into the vacuum chamber when rotating; Extrusion conditions are arranged at the end of the mud separation chamber close to the vacuum chamber, and there are two of them. The extrusion conditions are provided with a plurality of guide holes connecting the vacuum chamber and the mud separation chamber, and the axes of the two groups of guide holes are arranged in an interlaced manner facing each other on the extension lines of the side close to the vacuum chamber; A clamping piece, which is arranged in the vacuum chamber, and there are two of them, and the two clamping pieces intermittently clamp the porcelain mud extruded from the plurality of guide holes; A splitting assembly is installed in the vacuum chamber, and is used to split the porcelain mud passing through the clamping member, and make the split porcelain mud fall into the extrusion cavity in sequence; An extrusion assembly is arranged in the extrusion cavity, and is used to push the porcelain mud out of the extrusion cavity to the outside of the frame; Among them, the surface of the extrusion condition is coated with an anti-stick coating, and each of the clamping parts is formed with a plurality of engaging strips on the end face close to another clamping part, and the angle between the extension lines of the two groups of guide hole axes and their adjacent groups of engaging strips does not exceed 5 degrees, and the dividing assembly and the clamping part are synchronously operated by a controller arranged on the frame.

2. The clay kneading equipment for porcelain clay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion conditions are rotatably connected to the frame, the two extrusion conditions reciprocate and rotate close to each other, and the rotation axes of the two extrusion conditions are both set at a position away from the porcelain mud extrusion guide hole, and the frame is provided with a driving element for driving the extrusion conditions to rotate.

3. The clay kneading equipment for porcelain clay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame is fixedly provided with a first motor for driving the clamping member to rotate. The clamping member is rotatably connected to the frame. When the two clamping members rotate to the closest point, the adjacent ends of the two groups of the engaging strips are in parallel positions.

4. The clay kneading equipment for porcelain clay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the engaging strip gradually increases from a position away from the end surface of the clamping member.

5. The clay kneading equipment for porcelain clay according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-sticking block is fixedly installed in the vacuum chamber, the dividing assembly includes a cutter, and a second motor is fixedly installed on the frame to drive the cutter to rotate and fit into the surface of the anti-sticking block. The end surface of the anti-sticking block facing the cutting edge of the cutter is formed with an inclined surface from bottom to top and a yield groove for accommodating the rotation and embedding of the cutter, and the inclined surface is used to guide the porcelain mud sliding against its surface to deflect and fall to the state of the extrusion cavity.

6. The clay kneading equipment for porcelain clay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly comprises a second screw rotatably connected to the frame, one end of the second screw penetrates into the bottom of the vacuum chamber, and the first screw and the second screw are both driven by a driving source arranged on the frame.

7. The clay kneading equipment for porcelain clay according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mud material cut off by the cutting assembly can completely fall into the spiral groove formed on the peripheral side of the second screw.

8. A method for preparing porcelain clay, characterized in that: The preparation is carried out using the clay kneading equipment for the porcelain clay material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps: S1: Clay pretreatment, crushing and grinding the porcelain clay, then adding additives to the porcelain clay, and then mixing the porcelain clay and the additives to form porcelain mud; S2: Clay kneading, dividing the porcelain clay into small pieces and gradually putting them into the clay kneading equipment. The porcelain clay squeezed out of the clay kneading equipment can be cut into several small pieces for storage; S3: Drying: sending the porcelain clay into a drying device or environment for drying to obtain a porcelain blank; The ceramic blank comprises a plurality of mesh layers tightly bonded along its extrusion direction, wherein the mesh layers are bonded together by a plurality of warp mud strips and a plurality of weft mud strips, and the axes of adjacent warp mud strips and adjacent weft mud strips in adjacent mesh layers do not overlap.

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