Novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform

Abstract

The invention provides a novel semi-submersible type offshore wind power floating platform which comprises three main stand column structures, a set of overhaul channel and a supporting structure, the three main stand column structures comprise a fan stand column and two side stand columns, the fan stand column and the two side stand columns are arranged in a triangular mode, and a wind turbine generator set is installed on the top of the fan stand column; the fan stand column is connected with the two side stand columns through a supporting structure, the two side stand columns are connected through a supporting structure, each supporting structure comprises a transverse supporting branch pipe, a plurality of inclined supporting pipes and a bottom buoyancy tank, and the inclined supporting pipes are connected between the transverse supporting branch pipes and the bottom buoyancy tanks; heaving cabins are arranged at the bottoms of the fan stand column and the two side stand columns, each bottom buoyancy tank is communicated with the heaving cabins on the two sides, and fixed ballasts are arranged in the heaving cabins at the bottoms of the side stand columns; the overhaul channel is arranged above the position between the draught fan stand column and the side stand columns and above the position between the two side stand columns. The anti-storm effect of the floating platform is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore floating wind power platforms, and in particular to a novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of economy, the contradiction between energy and environmental protection has become increasingly prominent. As a clean and safe renewable energy, offshore wind power is emerging in the global energy field at an unprecedented speed. It not only represents the fastest growth trend of new energy power generation, but also carries the broad prospect of large-scale commercialization, and gradually occupies a pivotal position in the energy strategies of various countries.

[0003] In my country, as the development of wind power resources in coastal areas is gradually saturated, the development of offshore wind power has turned its attention to more distant seas. In this context, semi-submersible wind power floating platforms, with their advantages of wide applicable water depths and relatively low installation difficulty, have become one of the most promising equipment for developing deep-sea wind energy resources, and have therefore become a hot area of ​​offshore wind power research.

[0004] However, commercial floating wind power projects in Europe and America are currently facing challenges such as small unit capacity, high steel consumption per megawatt, and high construction costs, which seriously hinder the commercialization process of the industry. To this end, countries have stepped up their efforts in technology research and development, committed to achieving lightweight floating bodies (i.e. reducing the amount of steel used per megawatt), miniaturization (especially the floating body design of high-power wind turbines), improving stability, optimizing motion performance, and enhancing adaptability to extreme environments, in order to break through technical bottlenecks and promote the rapid development of the floating wind power industry.

[0005] The first design scheme of the existing offshore wind power floating platform: the four-column scheme represented by the Goldwind Technology design scheme (patent number: CN104401458B). This scheme includes three square side columns and one central column. The wind turbine is erected on the central column. A heave plate is set at the bottom of the side column. The horizontal section of the column gradually increases from a certain distance above the heave plate to the top of the side column. The side columns and the central column are supported by square and circular supports. The advantages of this scheme are that the floating structure has good symmetry, the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the floating body are distributed on the geometric center line, the static load is evenly distributed, the heave tank can effectively increase the damping effect, and the columns are tilted toward the periphery to increase the arm of the restoring moment to a certain extent, thereby increasing the dynamic restoring ability of the platform. This scheme can meet the structural performance of the platform to a certain extent and ensure the motion performance.

[0006] Common patent evolution schemes usually include:

[0007] (1) Replace the square columns with round buoys that have better hydrodynamic performance (e.g., invention patent CN110356522A);

[0008] (2) Replacing the central column with a wind turbine tower, independent platform or other similar structure does not substantially change the structural characteristics and hydrodynamic characteristics of the floating body (e.g. utility model patent: CN208089470U);

[0009] (3) Changing the cross-section of the connecting beams and supporting beams between the columns to square, circular or elliptical only reduces the amount of steel used and improves the strength, without changing the overall hydrodynamic characteristics of the floating body (e.g. utility model patent: CN208089470U);

[0010] (4) Replacing the heave plate with a heave tank to increase its damping characteristics while realizing part of the power water ballast function (e.g. invention patent: CN1181418841A);

[0011] (5) The square outer inclined column is changed into an inclined circular column with the same circular cross-section, further enlarging the restoring moment arm, and its structural form and hydrodynamic characteristics do not substantially change (for example, invention patent: CN1181418841A). The existing four-column floating body design basically adopts the above scheme or a derivative scheme, and its structural characteristics and hydrodynamic characteristics are basically similar to the Goldwind Technology design scheme, with only a certain degree of improvement.

[0012] For the four-column solution represented by Goldwind Technology (patent number: CN104401458B), typical problems are:

[0013] (1) The wind turbine is located at the geometric center of the floating body. When in operation, the gravity and buoyancy loads on the windward and leeward sides simultaneously provide restoring torques to the wind turbine. However, due to the short lever arm (relative to the three-column structure), if a sufficiently large restoring torque is to be obtained, the model size needs to be increased or the weight of the side columns needs to be increased, which will significantly increase the construction cost of the floating body.

[0014] (2) The floating body adopts inclined side columns, which will cause great difficulties and obstacles for wind turbine maintenance ships to moor the floating body and maintenance personnel to board the floating body for operations, and it is not convenient;

[0015] (3) The four-column floating structure usually uses significantly more steel per megawatt (compared to the three-column structure), which will also greatly increase the construction cost.

[0016] The above problems are determined by the layout of the four-column floating body, and its structural limitations will not be broken in a short period of time with the advancement of technology.

[0017] The second design scheme of the existing offshore wind power floating platform: the three-column scheme represented by the American principle power scheme (patent number: CN103786837A). This scheme includes three pillars, which are connected to each other by horizontal main beams and diagonal bracing structures. The wind turbine is installed on one of the pillars, and a water collecting plate is installed at the bottom of each pillar. The three-column scheme is characterized in that the wind turbine is installed on one column, resulting in a serious deviation of the center of the platform. It is usually necessary to adopt a ballast scheme on the column where the wind turbine is not installed, and determine the adjustment capacity of the active ballast system according to the hydrological conditions and actual working conditions.

[0018] The advantages of the three-column solution include: the amount of steel used is usually significantly reduced compared to the four-column solution, which can significantly reduce the construction cost; the three-column solution can ensure that the two columns far away from the fan have the maximum restoring torque under the action of air load;

[0019] The common three-pillar solution evolution solutions usually include:

[0020] (1) Change the shape of the column from a cylindrical shape to another shape to reduce its construction difficulty and improve the structural performance (for example, invention patent CN114086592A);

[0021] (2) The three columns are replaced by inclined columns instead of circular upright columns to increase the restoring moment and improve its dynamic performance without changing its hydrodynamic characteristics (e.g. invention patent: CN1181418841A);

[0022] (3) Changing the cross-section of the connecting beams and supporting beams between the columns to square, circular or elliptical shapes only reduces the amount of steel used and improves the strength, without changing the overall hydrodynamic characteristics of the floating body (e.g. invention patent: CN113565694A);

[0023] (4) The heave plate is replaced with a heave tank to increase its damping characteristics while realizing part of the dynamic water ballast function (for example, invention patent: CN1181418841A).

[0024] The existing three-column floating body design mainly follows the above-mentioned scheme or its derivative version. Its structural characteristics and hydrodynamic performance are roughly similar to the design of the American Original Power Company, but a certain degree of optimization and improvement has been achieved on this basis.

[0025] For the three-column solution represented by the American principle power solution (patent number: CN103786837A), typical problems are:

[0026] (1) The wind turbine is installed on one of the columns. When the wind turbine is enlarged, the column needs to bear a static load of at least 2,000 tons. The traditional offshore cabin structure requires more reinforcement to ensure the transfer of loads and avoid structural damage to the column under the action of hydrodynamic loads. Therefore, the weight will increase significantly and the construction cost is relatively high.

[0027] (2) The wind turbine is installed on one of the columns, resulting in uneven weight distribution of the floating body. In order to ensure the stability of the floating body during construction and transportation, water ballast is usually used. Therefore, a large number of watertight compartments are built in the floating body. In order to ensure the buoyancy of the floating body, a certain number of empty compartments are also distributed in the columns. The intervals between the watertight compartments and the empty compartments need to be watertight, which places high demands on the construction personnel and also causes a significant increase in the construction cost of the floating body.

[0028] (3) The division of numerous watertight compartments and void spaces requires a large amount of steel, which increases the amount of steel used in the floating structure and also raises the construction cost.

[0029] The above problems are caused by the floating body design company's use of traditional marine engineering equipment manufacturing experience. Due to its specific economic characteristics, offshore wind power does not have high added value. Therefore, the construction of traditional marine engineering equipment cannot meet the economic requirements of offshore wind power floating body construction. Summary of the invention

[0030] In response to the technical problems raised above, a new type of semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform is provided.

[0031] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0032] A novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform comprises: three main column structures, a set of maintenance passages and a supporting structure, wherein the three main column structures comprise a wind turbine column and two side columns, wherein the wind turbine column and the two side columns are arranged in a triangular shape, and a wind turbine set is installed on the top of the wind turbine column;

[0033] The fan column and the two side columns, and the two side columns are connected by a support structure, wherein the support structure includes a transverse support pipe, a plurality of diagonal support pipes and a bottom buoyancy box, and the plurality of diagonal support pipes are connected between the transverse support pipe and the bottom buoyancy box;

[0034] The bottom of the wind turbine column and the two side columns are provided with a heave tank, each of the bottom buoyancy boxes is connected with the heave tanks on both sides, and the heave tank at the bottom of the side column is provided with a fixed ballast;

[0035] The inspection channel is arranged above between the fan column and the side column and above between the two side columns.

[0036] Furthermore, the wind turbine column includes a wind turbine flange, an inspection platform I, a transition section I, a sea surface platform I, a plurality of main support columns I, a plurality of outer skin plates I and a heave tank cavity structure I, the wind turbine flange is arranged at the top of the transition section I, the wind turbine unit is connected to the wind turbine column through the wind turbine flange, the inspection platform I is installed on the transition section I and is located below and around the wind turbine flange, the bottom of the transition section I is connected to the sea surface platform I, the sea surface platform I is connected to the top of a plurality of main support columns I, the plurality of main support columns I are distributed circumferentially, the outer skin plate I is connected between two adjacent main support columns I, and the bottoms of the plurality of main support columns I and the plurality of outer skin plates I are connected to the heave tank cavity structure I.

[0037] Furthermore, the heaving tank cavity structure I includes a heaving tank upper skin plate I, a heaving tank annular skin plate I and a heaving tank bottom plate I, the heaving tank upper skin plate I is sealed and connected to the top of the heaving tank annular skin plate I, the heaving tank bottom plate I is sealed and connected to the bottom of the heaving tank annular skin plate I, a through hole is opened in the middle of the heaving tank upper skin plate I, the lower parts of the multiple main support columns I are inserted into the through hole and the bottoms are connected to the heaving tank bottom plate I, and the bottoms of the multiple outer skin plates I are connected to the heaving tank upper skin plate I.

[0038] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of heaving tank frames I and a plurality of groups of frame cross braces I are provided inside the heaving tank cavity structure I, and the plurality of groups of heaving tank frames I are distributed in a circle, and the two ends of each heaving tank frame I are respectively connected to the main support column I and the heaving tank ring skin plate I, and a frame cross brace I is connected between the bottoms of two adjacent main support columns I, and the frame cross brace I is connected to the heaving tank bottom plate I; at the same time, a frame cross brace I is connected between the tops of two adjacent main support columns I.

[0039] Furthermore, a plurality of platform support mechanisms are connected below the maintenance platform I, and the platform support mechanisms are connected to the transition section I.

[0040] Furthermore, the side columns include an inspection platform II, multiple main support columns II, a transition section II, a sea surface platform II, multiple outer skin plates II and a heave tank cavity structure II. The inspection platform II is installed on the top of multiple main support columns II and the transition section II, and the transition section II is located between multiple main support columns II. The sea surface platform II is connected to the multiple main support columns II. Below the sea surface platform II, the outer skin plate II is connected between two adjacent main support columns II, and the bottoms of the multiple main support columns II and the multiple outer skin plates II are connected to the heave tank cavity structure II.

[0041] Furthermore, the heaving tank cavity structure II includes a heaving tank upper skin plate II, a heaving tank annular skin plate II and a heaving tank bottom plate II, the heaving tank upper skin plate II is sealed and connected to the top of the heaving tank annular skin plate II, the heaving tank bottom plate II is sealed and connected to the bottom of the heaving tank annular skin plate II, a through hole is opened in the middle of the heaving tank upper skin plate II, the lower parts of the multiple main support columns II are inserted into the through hole and the bottoms are connected to the heaving tank bottom plate II, and the bottoms of the multiple outer skin plates II are connected to the heaving tank upper skin plate II.

[0042] Furthermore, several groups of heaving tank frames II and multiple groups of frame cross braces II are provided inside the heaving tank cavity structure II, and the several groups of heaving tank frames II are distributed in a circle, and the two ends of each heaving tank frame II are respectively connected to the main support column II and the heaving tank ring skin plate II, and a frame cross brace II is connected between the bottoms of two adjacent main support columns II, and the frame cross brace II is connected to the heaving tank bottom plate II; at the same time, a frame cross brace II is connected between the tops of two adjacent main support columns II.

[0043] Furthermore, the heave tank frame II and the steel cage are connected by welding in the heave tank cavity of the side column, and then concrete or concrete mixed with sand and gravel aggregate is used to cast a fixed ballast in the heave tank cavity. After drying and solidification, the fixed ballast and the side column form a stable ballast structure.

[0044] Furthermore, the diagonal brace is tilted, and the angle between it and the horizontal plane is 55°-60°.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0046] 1. The present invention improves the internal structure of the floating platform column and adopts a composite structure of the main support column and the skin, which greatly simplifies the design structure, simplifies the calculation effect, simplifies the floating platform design method, and proposes a new floating platform design idea while ensuring the strength and load requirements.

[0047] 2. The floating platform involved in the present invention adopts a simplified design scheme for the part above the sea surface, which can effectively reduce the structural area above the sea surface, significantly reduce the force of wind and waves on the floating body, and reduce the impact of wind and wave loads on the floating body.

[0048] 3. The floating platform involved in the present invention adopts an integrated ballast solution, and integrates fixed ballast and water ballast into an integrated cabin design, which greatly reduces the materials used in cabin construction and reduces the overall weight of the floating platform.

[0049] 4. The floating platform involved in the present invention greatly reduces the number of watertight compartments and airtight compartments through an integrated ballast design. In view of the fact that watertight compartments and airtight compartments usually have high requirements on welding quality, which leads to an increase in material and labor costs, the floating body design of the present invention directly reduces the welding workload and effectively reduces the processing difficulty, thereby achieving significant savings in material and labor costs.

[0050] In summary, the present invention significantly simplifies the floating body construction process from both the process and material perspectives by simplifying the structural design, innovating the ballast technology, and reducing the processing complexity, thereby greatly reducing the floating body construction cost, thereby enhancing its economic performance and accelerating the commercialization process and development pace of the deep-sea wind power industry.

[0051] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in fields such as offshore wind power. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0053] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the semi-submersible offshore wind power floating body of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the fan column structure of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal framework of the fan column of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side column structure of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal framework of the side column of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side column ballasting solution of the present invention.

[0059] In the figure: 1. Wind turbine; 2. Wind turbine column; 3. Side column; 4. Maintenance passage; 5. Horizontal bracing pipe; 6. Diagonal bracing pipe; 7. Bottom buoy; 8. Fixed ballast; 9. Water ballast;

[0060] 201. Fan flange; 202. Maintenance platform Ⅰ; 203. Platform support mechanism; 204. Transition section Ⅰ; 205. Sea surface platform Ⅰ; 206. Main support column Ⅰ; 207. External skin plate Ⅰ; 208. Upper skin plate of heaving tank Ⅰ; 209. Ring skin plate of heaving tank Ⅰ; 210. Bottom plate of heaving tank Ⅰ; 211. Heaving tank frame Ⅰ; 212. Frame cross brace Ⅰ;

[0061] 301. Maintenance platform II; 302. Main support column II; 303. Transition section II; 304. Sea surface platform II; 305. Outer skin plate II; 306. Upper skin plate of heaving tank II; 307. Ring skin plate of heaving tank II; 308. Heaving tank frame II; 309. Frame cross brace II; 310. Heaving tank bottom plate II. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0065] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​of the parts and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be considered as a part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0067] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0068] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, a novel semi-submersible offshore floating platform of the present invention includes three main column structures, including a wind turbine column 2, two side columns 3, a set of maintenance passages 4, three horizontal bracing pipes 5, a plurality of diagonal bracing pipes 6, three bottom buoys 7 and fixed ballasts 8 inside the side columns 3.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the wind turbine column 2 and two side columns 3 of the floating platform of the present invention are arranged in an equilateral triangle, and the three columns are connected to each other through a transverse bracing pipe 5, an oblique bracing pipe 6 and a bottom pontoon 7. The wind turbine set 1 is installed on the top of the wind turbine column 2 through a flange connection, and the main support column I 206 of the wind turbine column 2 is placed opposite to the main support column II 302 of the side column 3. The wind turbine column 2 and the side column 3, as well as the side columns 3, are connected to each other through a transverse bracing pipe 5 and a bottom pontoon 7. A stable triangular structure is formed between the oblique bracing pipe 6 and the wind turbine column 2, the side column 3, the transverse bracing pipe 5 and the bottom pontoon 7. The angle between the rod 6 and the horizontal plane is 55°-60° to ensure the maximum support effect, thereby strengthening the structural strength of the floating platform. The connection parts of the horizontal bracing branch pipe 5 and the diagonal bracing rod 6 are the main support column I206 of the wind turbine column 2 and the main support column II302 of the side column 3. The bottom pontoon 7 is connected to the heave tank frame I211 of the wind turbine column 2 and the heave tank frame II308 of the side column 3 to ensure scientific and reasonable load distribution. The maintenance channel 4 is used for staff to pass, including the wind turbine column 2 and the side column 3 and the channel between the side column 3, the channel reinforcement structure and the fence of the maintenance platform at the upper end of the three main columns. When the floating platform is working, the structure above the sea level is simplified, which greatly improves the wind and wave resistance of the floating platform. The present invention adopts a three-column structure with a more reasonable lightweight structure. In order to further achieve lightweight, a high-strength skeleton structure is adopted in the steel column, and it is supported by six high-strength main beams and an internal truss structure to ensure that the strength of the floating platform meets the requirements. Steel plates are laid on the outside of the frame to achieve sealing, and the columns are made into a whole hollow buoy and used as ballast tanks at the same time, avoiding the cabin structure of the traditional offshore industry and greatly reducing the amount of steel used. In order to ensure that the floating platform has enough weight to ensure stability in the working state, a certain amount of fixed ballast in the form of concrete is used in the heave tank of the non-wind turbine column.

[0071] like Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the wind turbine column 2 includes a wind turbine flange 201, a maintenance platform Ⅰ202, several platform support mechanisms 203, a transition section Ⅰ204, a sea surface platform Ⅰ205, 6 main support columns Ⅰ206, 6 outer skin plates Ⅰ207, 1 vertical swing tank upper skin plate Ⅰ208, 1 vertical swing tank ring skin plate Ⅰ209, 1 vertical swing tank bottom plate Ⅰ210, several groups of vertical swing tank frames Ⅰ211 and 12 groups of frame cross braces Ⅰ212. The fan flange 201 is placed on the top of the fan column 2, and is surrounded by the maintenance platform I 202 below and around it, that is, the maintenance platform I 202 is installed below and around the fan flange 201 for the staff to pass through. Several platform support mechanisms 203 are welded below the maintenance platform I 202. The platform support mechanisms 203 are used to fix and install the maintenance platform I 202 and the wind power flange 201 and provide support for them. The fan flange 201 and the maintenance platform I 202 are jointly supported by several platform support mechanisms 203 to ensure their strength requirements. The platform support mechanism 203 is welded to the transition section I 204, and the fan flange 201, the maintenance platform I 202 and the platform support mechanism 203 are jointly welded to a transition section I 204. The transition section I 204 is a cylindrical structure, and a reinforcement mechanism and a personnel ladder for personnel to go up and down are installed inside for the staff to pass through, so as to facilitate personnel to enter. Transition section I204 is often above sea level and is subject to the combined effects of complex environments such as waves, air, and salt spray. Therefore, transition section I204 is treated with anti-corrosion technology. The lower end of transition section I204 is welded to the sea surface platform I205. The sea surface platform I205 and its underlying structure are often below the sea surface and are mainly affected by seawater corrosion and wave currents.The sea surface platform Ⅰ205 is fixed and supported by 6 main support columns Ⅰ206 made by strengthening technology inside the floating body. The main support columns Ⅰ206 have a strengthening structure inside. The adjacent main support columns Ⅰ206 are arranged in a ring around the central axis of the column along the horizontal plane at a plane angle of 60°. 6 groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅰ212 are welded at the gaps on the upper parts of the 6 main support columns Ⅰ206. The 6 groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅰ212 and the main support columns Ⅰ206 jointly support the sea surface platform Ⅰ205. The positions between the 6 main support columns Ⅰ206 are connected by 6 pieces of reinforced The outer skin plate Ⅰ207 with a degree reinforcement mechanism (with brackets, ribs and truss reinforcement) is covered. The outer skin plate Ⅰ207 and the main support column Ⅰ206 together constitute a twelve-prism structure of the fan column. The bottom of the outer skin plate Ⅰ207 is welded to the upper skin plate Ⅰ208 of the heave tank (sealed connection) to ensure the sealing of the cavity. The lower part of the horizontal upper skin plate Ⅰ208 of the heave tank is sealed and welded to the vertical heave tank ring skin plate Ⅰ209. The circular heave tank bottom plate Ⅰ21 is welded at the lower opening of the cavity formed by the heave tank ring skin plate Ⅰ209. 0, the upper skin plate Ⅰ208 of the heaving tank, the annular skin plate Ⅰ209 of the heaving tank and the bottom plate Ⅰ210 of the heaving tank together constitute the cavity structure of the heaving tank. The upper skin plate Ⅰ208 of the heaving tank and the annular skin plate Ⅰ209 of the heaving tank are supported by several groups of heaving tank frames Ⅰ211, and are reinforced with brackets and ribs according to actual conditions. In order to increase the strength, several groups of heaving tank frames Ⅰ211 are welded inside the cavity of the heaving tank, and the upper skin plate Ⅰ208 of the heaving tank and the annular skin plate Ⅰ209 of the heaving tank are reinforced according to actual water pressure and ocean current loads. 209 and the heaving tank bottom plate Ⅰ210 are strengthened, the heaving tank bottom plate Ⅰ210 is directly welded and connected to the 6 main support columns Ⅰ206. In order to ensure the strength, 6 groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅰ212 are welded between the 6 main support columns Ⅰ206, and the 6 groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅰ212 are welded and connected to the heaving tank bottom plate Ⅰ210 at the same time. The 6 groups of skeleton cross braces welded at the gap positions at the top and bottom of the main support columns Ⅰ206 are used to ensure the relative positions of the 6 main support columns Ⅰ206 and the lateral supporting force between the main support columns Ⅰ206. The frame cross brace Ⅰ212, the support column Ⅰ206 and the bottom of the heave tank frame Ⅰ211 are welded to the heave tank bottom plate Ⅰ210. The heave tank bottom plate Ⅰ210, the heave tank ring skin plate Ⅰ209, the heave tank upper skin plate Ⅰ208, the heave tank outer skin plate Ⅰ207, the main support column Ⅰ206 and the sea surface platform Ⅰ205 together constitute the enclosed structure of the lower part of the wind turbine column 2 (together enclosing the underwater part of the floating platform into a sealed structure), and the internal enclosed cavity also serves as a compartment for storing ballast water of the wind turbine column 2.

[0072] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the side column 3 includes a maintenance platform II301, 6 main support columns II302, a transition section II303, a sea surface platform II304, 6 outer skin plates II305, a heave tank upper skin plate II306, a heave tank ring skin plate II307, several groups of heave tank frames II308, 12 groups of frame cross braces II309 and a heave tank bottom plate II310. Maintenance platform Ⅱ301 is located on top of side column 3 for staff to pass through. An entrance to the floating platform is arranged in the middle of maintenance platform Ⅱ301. Maintenance platform Ⅱ301 is supported and fixed by 6 main support columns Ⅱ302 made with reinforcement technology and 1 transition section Ⅱ303 below. The 6 main support columns Ⅱ302 have reinforcement structures inside. Adjacent main support columns Ⅱ302 are arranged in a ring around the central axis of the column along the horizontal plane at a plane angle of 60°. Transition section Ⅱ303 is located between the 6 main support columns Ⅱ302. Transition section Ⅱ303 is a cylindrical structure with reinforcement mechanisms and ladders for staff to go up and down installed inside for staff to pass through. Transition section Ⅱ303 is often above sea level and is subjected to the combined effects of complex environments such as waves, air, and salt spray. Therefore, transition section Ⅱ303 is treated with anti-corrosion technology. The lower end of the transition section Ⅱ303 is welded to the sea surface platform Ⅱ304. The sea surface platform Ⅱ304 is connected to the six main support columns Ⅱ302. The sea surface platform Ⅱ304 is welded between the six main support columns Ⅱ302 at the sea level. The upper part of the sea surface platform Ⅱ304 is often above the sea level. Affected by the complex environment such as waves, air, and salt spray, the sea surface platform Ⅱ304 and its underlying structure are often below the sea level and are mainly affected by seawater corrosion and wave currents.There are 6 sets of frame cross braces Ⅱ309 welded below the sea surface platform Ⅱ304 and between the main support columns Ⅱ302. The 6 sets of frame cross braces Ⅱ309 are arranged in the gaps between the 6 main support columns Ⅱ302 to enhance the load resistance of the main support columns Ⅱ302 and support the sea surface platform Ⅱ304. The position below the sea surface platform Ⅱ304 and between the 6 main support columns Ⅱ302 are welded and covered by 6 pieces of outer skin plates Ⅱ305 with strength reinforcement mechanisms (with brackets, ribs and trusses). The outer skin plates Ⅱ305 and the main support columns are welded and covered by 6 pieces of outer skin plates Ⅱ305 with strength reinforcement mechanisms (with brackets, ribs and trusses). The columns Ⅱ302 together form a twelve-prism structure of the side columns. The bottom of the outer skin plate Ⅱ305 is welded (sealed connection) to the upper skin plate Ⅱ306 of the heaving tank to ensure the sealing of the cavity. The horizontal upper skin plate Ⅱ306 of the heaving tank is sealed and welded to the vertical ring skin plate Ⅱ307 of the heaving tank. The circular heaving tank bottom plate Ⅱ310 is welded at the lower opening of the cavity formed by the ring skin plate Ⅱ307 of the heaving tank. The upper skin plate Ⅱ306 of the heaving tank, the ring skin plate Ⅱ307 of the heaving tank and the bottom plate Ⅱ310 of the heaving tank together constitute the heaving tank. The cavity structure, the upper skin plate Ⅱ306 of the heaving tank and the ring skin plate Ⅱ307 of the heaving tank are supported by several groups of heaving tank frames Ⅱ308, and are reinforced with brackets and ribs according to actual conditions, that is, several groups of heaving tank frames Ⅱ308 are welded inside the heaving tank cavity to increase the strength, and the upper skin plate Ⅱ306 of the heaving tank, the ring skin plate Ⅱ307 of the heaving tank and the bottom plate Ⅱ310 of the heaving tank are reinforced according to the actual water pressure and ocean current loads. The heaving tank frames Ⅱ308 are connected to the six main support columns Ⅱ3 02, the heave tank bottom plate Ⅱ310 is directly welded to the bottom of the six main support columns Ⅱ302. In order to ensure the strength, six groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅱ309 are welded between the six main support columns Ⅱ302. The six groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅱ309 are welded to the heave tank bottom plate Ⅱ310 at the same time. Among them, the six groups of skeleton cross braces Ⅱ309 symmetrically welded on the top of the main support column Ⅱ302 and under the sea platform Ⅱ304 are used to ensure the relative positions of the six main support columns Ⅱ302 and the lateral supporting force between the main support columns Ⅱ302. The heave tank bottom plate Ⅱ310 is welded to the bottom of the skeleton cross brace Ⅱ309, the main support column Ⅱ302 and the heave tank skeleton Ⅱ308. The heave tank bottom plate Ⅱ310, the heave tank ring skin plate Ⅱ307, the heave tank upper skin plate Ⅱ306, the outer skin plate Ⅱ305, the main support column Ⅱ302 and the sea surface platform Ⅱ304 together constitute the enclosed structure of the lower part of the side column 3 (together enclosing the underwater part of the floating platform into a sealed structure), and the internal enclosed cavity also serves as a compartment for the integrated design of storing the fixed ballast 8 and the water ballast 9 of the side column 3.

[0073] Inspection channel 4 is used for staff to pass through, including the protective fence on the column inspection platform, the channel between the three main columns and the channel support structure. The structure is made of steel and treated with anti-salt spray corrosion technology. Figure 1 .

[0074] The cross brace 5 is a long tubular structure with an appropriate internal reinforcement structure. It is mainly used to connect the three main columns. It is located below the sea platform and is connected to the main support columns of the adjacent columns to fix the relative positions of the columns and transfer the load. Figure 1 .

[0075] The bottom pontoon 7 is a long box-shaped structure with a reinforced structure inside to ensure its rigidity. It is connected to the bottom heave tank of the three main columns and works together with the cross bracing pipes to ensure the stability of the floating platform structure and increase the displacement. Figure 1 .

[0076] The diagonal brace tube 6 is a long tubular structure used to connect the three main columns, the three cross brace branches 5 and the three bottom pontoons 7, and is used to enhance the stability of the floating platform. The structural rigidity of the platform is enhanced by constructing a triangle of a stable structure between the main columns, the cross brace branches 5 and the bottom pontoons 7. Figure 1 .

[0077] like Figure 6 As shown, the ballast of the floating platform is mainly composed of fixed ballast 8 and water ballast 9, wherein the wind turbine column 2 only supplies water ballast 9 in the internal cavity of the column, while the side column 3 is provided with fixed ballast 8 and water ballast 9 in the internal cavity of the column. The fixed ballast 8 is formed by welding the heave tank frame II 308 and the steel cage in the heave tank cavity of the side column 3 to reliably connect, and then concrete or concrete mixed with aggregates such as sand and gravel is used to cast the fixed ballast 8 in the heave tank cavity. After drying and solidification, the fixed ballast 8 and the side column 3 form a stable ballast structure. The center of gravity of the fixed ballast 8 does not change with the change of the position and posture of the floating platform, and it is the most reliable ballast system. Specifically, the fixed ballast 8 is set on the side column 3 to balance the load generated by the wind turbine on the wind turbine column, thereby increasing the overall weight of the floating body and enhancing the restoring force. The fixed ballast is realized by grouting concrete or a mixture of sand, gravel, aggregate, etc., into the bottom of the heave tank to build a solid and stable concrete structure. A steel cage is arranged inside the concrete structure and is firmly welded to the heave tank frame. The two together form a sealed and stable concrete structure to ensure the stability and safety of the overall structure.

[0078] The new floating platform involved in the present invention adopts 6 square main support columns as the main supporting framework for the wind turbine columns and side columns, and the outer facade of the columns presents a 12-sided polygonal structure. When using a higher strength reinforcement scheme, the structure with less than 6 main support columns will have a different structure in appearance, which can also meet the load requirements for the wind turbine columns and side columns.

[0079] The novel floating platform involved in the present invention adopts an integrated design of water ballast tank and air tank for the wind turbine column for lightweight design considerations. While increasing the structural weight, the water ballast tank and air tank compartment structure can be realized to meet the water ballast adjustment performance.

[0080] The floating platform involved in the present invention adopts an integrated design scheme of fixed ballast, water ballast and air cabin in the cavity of each side column for the sake of lightweight design. While increasing the weight of the structure, it can also realize the sub-compartment structure of fixed ballast, water ballast and air cabin, and can also meet the fixed load function of fixed ballast and the regulating function of water ballast.

[0081] The floating platform involved in the present invention has three main columns that are all provided with slender cylindrical transition sections with ladders installed inside for workers to go up and down. The slender cylindrical shape is most conducive to reducing wind and wave loads. Transition section passages with other shapes can also be used for employees to pass through, but they cannot circumvent the protection scope of the present invention.

[0082] The floating platform involved in the present invention has a fixed ballast arranged at the bottom of the original heave tank. Under the premise of reducing the restoring force effect of the heave tank, the outer structure of the heave tank is changed and filled with fixed ballast, which can also meet the functions of ballasting the heave tank and providing restoring force.

[0083] For the floating platform involved in the present invention, the angle between the diagonal brace and the horizontal plane is 55°-60°, which is the best load distribution effect of this scheme. When the diameter and wall thickness of the diagonal brace are changed, the angle of the diagonal brace can also meet the supporting function of the diagonal brace of the floating platform.

[0084] The semi-submersible offshore floating platform involved in the present invention adopts a three-column solution. The wind turbine set is located on the wind turbine column. The columns are fixed by bottom buoyancy boxes, transverse bracing pipes and diagonal bracing pipes. A fixed ballast is set in the heave tank at the bottom of the side column. The top of each column is connected to an inspection channel for personnel to pass through, thereby simplifying the structure above sea level and reducing the impact load on the platform caused by the impact of waves.

[0085] The wind turbine column involved in the present invention adopts a composite structure of a truss frame and a skin inside the wind turbine column, and the structural load is carried by six main support columns. The main support columns are connected and supported by bottom and top frame cross braces. The sub-compartment design of the fixed ballast tank, water ballast tank and air tank is eliminated in the wind turbine column. The interior of the column is enclosed into a sealed structure for loading ballast water by the main support columns, skin, heave tank bottom plate and sea surface platform, and the unfilled upper cavity assumes the function of the air tank.

[0086] The side columns involved in the present invention have a composite structure of a truss frame and a skin inside the side columns, and the structural load is carried by six main support columns. The main support columns are connected and supported by bottom and top frame cross braces. The sub-compartment design of fixed ballast tanks, water ballast tanks and air tanks is eliminated in the side columns. The main support columns, skin, heave tank bottom plate and sea surface platform are used to enclose the interior of the column into a sealed structure for loading fixed ballast and ballast water, and the unfilled upper cavity assumes the function of an air tank.

[0087] The column heave tank of the present invention is unique in that it adopts a composite structure combining a heave tank frame and a heave tank skin. This design uses the skeleton system inside the heave tank to bear and disperse the structural load. At the same time, the concrete structure with a steel cage is used as the main fixed ballast method, which effectively integrates the fixed ballast with the heave tank skeleton structure to form a stable and reliable overall structure.

[0088] The present invention can solve the following problems:

[0089] (1) Optimize the floating structure. Traditional offshore platforms and ships generally adopt a compartment structure. By designing the structure into a honeycomb cabin structure, it can be ensured that the internal load of the ship and offshore platform is evenly borne, ensuring the safety of the ship and offshore platform. The floating structure involved in the present invention adopts a main frame load-bearing design and eliminates compartments, which can greatly simplify the structural load distribution and simplify design calculations. When the floating body involved in the present invention is working, the area of ​​the structure above sea level is greatly reduced, and the wind and wave resistance effect is greatly improved;

[0090] (2) The first innovative ballast structure. Different from the previous single floating body dynamic ballast water solution or composite ballast design solution, the present invention proposes an innovative compartment design solution, which cleverly combines fixed ballast and dynamic ballast water in the same ballast tank. The composite ballast solution adopted by this floating body not only includes the stability of fixed ballast, but also takes into account the flexibility of dynamic ballast water. The composite ballast solution optimizes the floating body ballast solution and ensures the stability of the floating body.

[0091] (3) Reduce processing complexity. As mentioned in (2) above, the present invention innovatively integrates fixed ballast and water ballast into the same ballast tank, which significantly reduces the number of watertight compartments and airtight compartments required in the floating structure. Given that watertight compartments and airtight compartments usually have high requirements for welding quality, which leads to an increase in material and labor costs, the floating design of the present invention directly reduces the welding workload, effectively reduces the processing difficulty, and thus achieves significant savings in material and labor costs.

[0092] (4) Reduce the amount of steel used and achieve the goal of lightweight design. As mentioned above, the present invention optimizes the load distribution through innovative structural design, and innovates the ballast scheme and its layout, thereby fundamentally reducing the amount of steel required for the construction of the floating body and successfully achieving the lightweight design of the floating body steel structure.

[0093] (5) Optimize construction costs and improve economic efficiency. The present invention significantly simplifies the construction process of the floating body from the perspectives of both process and materials by simplifying the structural design, innovating the ballast technology, and reducing the processing complexity, thereby greatly reducing the construction cost of the floating body, thereby enhancing its economic performance and accelerating the commercialization process and development pace of the deep-sea wind power industry.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform, characterized in that: include: Three main column structures, a set of maintenance passages (4) and a supporting structure, the three main column structures comprising a fan column (2) and two side columns (3), the fan column (2) and the two side columns (3) being arranged in a triangular shape, and the wind turbine set (1) being installed on the top of the fan column (2); The fan column (2) and the two side columns (3), and the two side columns (3) are connected to each other via a support structure, wherein the support structure comprises a transverse support pipe (5), a plurality of diagonal support pipes (6) and a bottom buoyancy box (7), and the plurality of diagonal support pipes (6) are connected between the transverse support pipe (5) and the bottom buoyancy box (7); The bottoms of the wind turbine column (2) and the two side columns (3) are each provided with a heave tank, each of the bottom buoyancy boxes (7) is connected to the heave tanks on both sides, and a fixed ballast (8) is arranged in the heave tank at the bottom of the side column (3); The inspection channel (4) is arranged above between the fan column (2) and the side column (3) and above between the two side columns (3).

2. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind turbine column (2) comprises a wind turbine flange (201), a maintenance platform I (202), a transition section I (204), a sea surface platform I (205), a plurality of main support columns I (206), a plurality of outer skin panels I (207) and a heave tank cavity structure I. The wind turbine flange (201) is arranged at the top of the transition section I (204). The wind turbine set (1) is connected to the wind turbine column (2) via the wind turbine flange (201). The maintenance platform I (202) is installed on the transition section I (204). ) and is located below and around the fan flange (201), the bottom of the transition section I (204) is connected to the sea surface platform I (205), the sea surface platform I (205) is connected to the top of a plurality of main support columns I (206), the plurality of main support columns I (206) are distributed circumferentially, an outer skin plate I (207) is connected between two adjacent main support columns I (206), and the bottoms of the plurality of main support columns I (206) and the plurality of outer skin plates I (207) are connected to the heave tank cavity structure I.

3. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The vertical swing tank cavity structure I comprises a vertical swing tank upper skin plate I (208), a vertical swing tank annular skin plate I (209) and a vertical swing tank bottom plate I (210), wherein the vertical swing tank upper skin plate I (208) is sealed to the top of the vertical swing tank annular skin plate I (209), and the vertical swing tank bottom plate I (210) is sealed to the bottom of the vertical swing tank annular skin plate I (209), a through hole is opened in the middle of the vertical swing tank upper skin plate I (208), the lower part of the multiple main support columns I (206) are inserted into the through hole and the bottom is connected to the vertical swing tank bottom plate I (210), and the bottom of the multiple outer skin plates I (207) is connected to the vertical swing tank upper skin plate I (208).

4. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of groups of heaving tank frames I (211) and a plurality of groups of frame cross braces I (212) are arranged inside the heaving tank cavity structure I. The plurality of groups of heaving tank frames I (211) are distributed in a circular pattern. The two ends of each heaving tank frame I (211) are respectively connected to the main support column I (206) and the heaving tank ring skin plate I (209). A frame cross brace I (212) is connected between the bottoms of two adjacent main support columns I (206), and the frame cross brace I (212) is connected to the heaving tank bottom plate I (210). At the same time, a frame cross brace I (212) is connected between the tops of two adjacent main support columns I (206).

5. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of platform support mechanisms (203) are connected below the maintenance platform I (202), and the platform support mechanisms (203) are connected to the transition section I (204).

6. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The side column (3) includes an inspection platform II (301), a plurality of main support columns II (302), a transition section II (303), a sea surface platform II (304), a plurality of outer skin plates II (305) and a heave tank cavity structure II. The inspection platform II (301) is installed on the top of the plurality of main support columns II (302) and the transition section II (303). The transition section II (303) is located between the plurality of main support columns II (302). The sea surface platform II (304) is connected to the plurality of main support columns II (302). The outer skin plate II (305) is connected between two adjacent main support columns II (302) below the sea surface platform II (304). The bottoms of the plurality of main support columns II (302) and the plurality of outer skin plates II (305) are connected to the heave tank cavity structure II.

7. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The heaving tank cavity structure II comprises a heaving tank upper skin plate II (306), a heaving tank annular skin plate II (307) and a heaving tank bottom plate II (310), wherein the heaving tank upper skin plate II (306) is sealed and connected to the top of the heaving tank annular skin plate II (307), and the heaving tank bottom plate II (310) is sealed and connected to the bottom of the heaving tank annular skin plate II (307). A through hole is opened in the middle of the heaving tank upper skin plate II (306), and the bottoms of the multiple main support columns II (302) are inserted into the through hole and are connected to the heaving tank bottom plate II (310), and the bottoms of the multiple outer skin plates II (305) are connected to the heaving tank upper skin plate II (306).

8. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 7 is characterized in that: A plurality of groups of heaving tank frames II (308) and a plurality of groups of frame cross braces II (309) are arranged inside the heaving tank cavity structure II. The plurality of groups of heaving tank frames II (308) are distributed in a circular pattern. The two ends of each heaving tank frame II (308) are respectively connected to the main support column II (302) and the heaving tank ring skin plate II (307). A frame cross brace II (309) is connected between the bottoms of two adjacent main support columns II (302), and the frame cross brace II (309) is connected to the heaving tank bottom plate II (310). At the same time, a frame cross brace II (309) is connected between the tops of two adjacent main support columns II (302).

9. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The heave tank frame II (308) and the steel cage are connected by welding in the heave tank cavity of the side column (3), and then the fixed ballast (8) is cast in the heave tank cavity by using concrete or concrete mixed with sand and gravel aggregates. After drying and solidification, the fixed ballast (8) and the side column (3) form a stable ballast structure.

10. The novel semi-submersible offshore wind power floating platform according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diagonal bracing rod (6) is arranged obliquely, and the angle between it and the horizontal plane is 55°-60°.

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