Nickel-lead-copper alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-lead-copper alloy and a preparation method thereof. The nickel-lead-copper alloy is mainly prepared from the following components: copper; nickel; iron; phosphorus; and lead; based on the weight of copper, the ratio of nickel to copper is (0.8-1.2) wt%: 1, the ratio of iron to copper is (0.2-0.5) wt%: 1, the ratio of phosphorus to copper is 0.1-0.4 wt%, and the ratio of lead to copper is 0.51-1.2 wt%. According to the present invention, the production cost is reduced while the good comprehensive performance is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a copper alloy, in particular to a nickel-lead-copper alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of high-tech industries, high-performance and high-purity new materials are the key to the development of high-tech fields. Copper alloy is an alloy composed of pure copper as the matrix and one or several elements. It has excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility and heat resistance and has become an indispensable material for the development of my country.

[0003] At present, the alloys on the market generally add at least one of the elements such as lead, tin, magnesium, nickel, and zinc to copper. Among them, lead can improve the cutting performance of copper alloys, but it is extremely harmful to the human body. In order to solve this problem, CN113502408A discloses a copper alloy, which obtains better mechanical properties and mechanical properties by adding nickel iron tellurium to copper under the process condition of not adding lead, but has the following defects:

[0004] ⑴ The amount of tellurium added is at least 0.3% of copper, which is too expensive.

[0005] ⑵The cutting performance is slightly lower.

[0006] The above background technology is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and is not the known technology disclosed to the general public before the application of the present invention. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above defects, the present invention provides a nickel-lead-copper alloy, which has good comprehensive properties and reduces production costs.

[0008] The technical solution is: a nickel-lead-copper alloy, wherein the nickel-lead-copper alloy is mainly made of the following components:

[0009] copper;

[0010] nickel;

[0011] iron;

[0012] Phosphorus; and

[0013] lead;

[0014] Based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8-1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2-0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.51-1.2wt%.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper is cathode copper.

[0016] Furthermore, the lead:copper=0.8-1.2wt%.

[0017] Furthermore, the preparation method of the nickel-lead-copper alloy comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt;

[0019] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly;

[0020] S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly;

[0021] S4, raising the temperature to 1000℃~1200℃, adding lead into the copper liquid to keep warm, stirring slowly, letting it stand for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting;

[0022] S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled;

[0023] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0024] The invention also provides a method for preparing the nickel-lead-copper alloy.

[0025] The technical solution is: a method for preparing a nickel-lead-copper alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt;

[0027] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly;

[0028] S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly;

[0029] S4, raising the temperature to 1000℃~1200℃, adding lead into the copper liquid to keep warm, stirring slowly, letting it stand for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting;

[0030] S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled;

[0031] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product by hydraulic drawing machine;

[0032] Among them, based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8-1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2-0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.51-1.2wt%.

[0033] Furthermore, the lead:copper=0.8-1.2wt%.

[0034] The invention also provides a nickel-lead-copper alloy.

[0035] The technical solution is: a nickel-lead-copper alloy, wherein the nickel-lead-copper alloy is mainly made of the following components:

[0036] copper;

[0037] nickel;

[0038] iron;

[0039] phosphorus;

[0040] Lead; and

[0041] cerium;

[0042] Based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8-1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2-0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.18-0.24wt%, cerium:copper = 0.27-0.33wt%.

[0043] Furthermore, the preparation method of the nickel-lead-copper alloy comprises the following steps:

[0044] S1, smelting: copper is added to the furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt;

[0045] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly;

[0046] S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly;

[0047] S4, raising the temperature to 1000℃~1200℃, adding lead and a certain metal into the copper liquid to keep it warm, stirring slowly, letting it stand for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting;

[0048] S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled;

[0049] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0050] The invention also provides a method for preparing the nickel-lead-copper alloy.

[0051] The technical solution is: a method for preparing a nickel-lead-copper alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt;

[0053] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly;

[0054] S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly;

[0055] S4, raising the temperature to 1000°C to 1200°C, adding lead and cerium alloy into the copper liquid to keep it warm, slowly stirring, standing for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting;

[0056] S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled;

[0057] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product by hydraulic drawing machine;

[0058] Among them, based on the weight of copper, nickel: copper = 0.8-1.2wt%: 1, iron: copper = 0.2-0.5wt%: 1, phosphorus: copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead: copper = 0.18-0.24wt%, cerium: copper = 0.27-0.33wt%

[0059] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0060] The invention reduces the production cost by adding nickel, iron, phosphorus and lead into the copper liquid and obtaining better comprehensive properties such as cutting performance, strength and electrical conductivity through the joint action of nickel, iron, phosphorus, lead and copper.

[0061] On this basis, by adding cerium alloy into the system, the lead segregation phenomenon is greatly reduced while maintaining the original performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will be further described below.

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0064] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0067] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, 0.8% of the weight of the cathode copper is added to the copper liquid, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0068] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.2% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the phosphorus into the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0069] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add high-purity lead into the copper liquid at 0.8% of the weight of the cathode copper, stir slowly for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before casting.

[0070] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0071] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0074] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, and metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.2% of the weight of the cathode copper, and slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0075] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.5% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.4% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0076] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add high-purity lead into the copper liquid at 1.2% of the weight of the cathode copper, stir slowly for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before starting casting.

[0077] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0078] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0081] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.02% of the weight of the cathode copper, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0082] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0083] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add high-purity lead into the copper liquid at 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper, stir slowly for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before starting casting.

[0084] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0085] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0088] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.02% of the weight of the cathode copper, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0089] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0090] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add 0.18% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity lead and 0.33% of the weight of the cathode copper to the molten copper, slowly stir for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before starting casting.

[0091] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0092] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0095] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.02% of the weight of the cathode copper, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0096] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0097] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add 0.24% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity lead and 0.27% of the weight of the cathode copper to the molten copper, slowly stir for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before casting.

[0098] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0099] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0102] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.02% of the weight of the cathode copper, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0103] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0104] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add tellurium at 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper into the copper liquid, slowly stir for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before starting casting.

[0105] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0106] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0107] The amounts of nickel, tellurium and iron added in this comparative example are the same as those in Example 3 of CN113502408A.

[0108] Comparative Example 2

[0109] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0110] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.02% of the weight of the cathode copper, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0111] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0112] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add cerium alloy into the copper liquid at a rate of 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper, slowly stir for 30 seconds, keep the temperature and let it stand for 20 minutes before starting casting.

[0113] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0114] S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product using hydraulic drawing machine.

[0115] Comparative Example 3

[0116] S1, smelting: add cathode copper into the furnace and cover it with charcoal or graphite flakes, heat up and melt.

[0117] S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000°C, metallic nickel is added into the copper liquid at a rate of 1.02% of the weight of the cathode copper, and the mixture is slowly stirred for 2 minutes.

[0118] S3, after standing for 15 minutes, add 0.51% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity iron and 0.1% of the weight of the cathode copper to the copper liquid, and slowly stir for 2 minutes.

[0119] S4, after heating to 1200°C, add 0.24% of the weight of the cathode copper to the high-purity lead and 0.27% of the weight of the cathode copper to the molten copper, slowly stir for 30 seconds, keep warm and let stand for 20 minutes before casting.

[0120] S5, billet extrusion: The copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 760°C by industrial frequency for hot extrusion, and the extruded billet is water-cooled.

[0121] Example 6

[0122] The copper alloys prepared in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were tested for strength according to GB / T-3851-1983 "Test Method for Transverse Strength of Hard Alloys", and their cutting performance and electrical conductivity were tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0123] Table 1 Oxygen content and performance test results

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel-lead-copper alloy, characterized in that: The nickel-lead-copper alloy is mainly made of the following ingredients: copper; nickel; iron; Phosphorus; and lead; Based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8-1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2-0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.51-1.2wt%.

2. The nickel-lead-copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper is cathode copper.

3. The nickel-lead-copper alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead:copper=0.8-1.2wt%.

4. The nickel-lead-copper alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Preparation method of the nickel-lead-copper alloy The following steps are involved: S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt; S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly; S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly; S4, raising the temperature to 1000℃~1200℃, adding lead into the copper liquid to keep warm, stirring slowly, letting it stand for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting; S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled; S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product by hydraulic drawing machine.

5. A method for preparing a nickel-lead-copper alloy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt; S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly; S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly; S4, raising the temperature to 1000℃~1200℃, adding lead into the copper liquid to keep warm, stirring slowly, letting it stand for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting; S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled; S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product by hydraulic drawing machine; Among them, based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8-1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2-0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.51-1.2wt%.

6. The method for preparing the nickel-lead-copper alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lead:copper=0.8-1.2wt%.

7. A nickel-lead-copper alloy, characterized in that: The nickel-lead-copper alloy is mainly made of the following ingredients: copper; nickel; iron; phosphorus; Lead; and cerium; Based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8-1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2-0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1-0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.18-0.24wt%, cerium:copper = 0.27-0.33wt%.

8. The nickel-lead-copper alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The copper is cathode copper.

9. The nickel-lead-copper alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that: Preparation method of the nickel-lead-copper alloy The following steps are involved: S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt; S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly; S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly; S4, raising the temperature to 1000°C to 1200°C, adding lead and cerium alloy into the copper liquid to keep it warm, slowly stirring, standing for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting; S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled; S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product by hydraulic drawing machine.

10. A method for preparing a nickel-lead-copper alloy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, smelting: copper is added into a furnace and covered with charcoal or graphite flakes, and the temperature is raised to melt; S2, after the cathode copper is completely melted, the temperature is raised to 1000℃~1200℃, nickel is added into the copper liquid, and it is stirred slowly; S3, after standing for 10 to 30 minutes, add iron and phosphorus into the copper liquid and stir slowly; S4, raising the temperature to 1000°C to 1200°C, adding lead and cerium alloy into the copper liquid to keep it warm, slowly stirring, standing for 10 minutes to 30 minutes, and then starting casting; S5, billet extrusion: the copper alloy formed by casting is heated to 700℃~820℃ by industrial frequency, and hot extrusion is performed, and the extruded billet is water-cooled; S6, cold working: cold drawing to finished product by hydraulic drawing machine; Among them, based on the weight of copper, nickel:copper = 0.8~1.2wt%:1, iron:copper = 0.2~0.5wt%:1, phosphorus:copper = 0.1~0.4wt%, lead:copper = 0.18~0.24wt%, cerium:copper = 0.27~0.33wt%.

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