Proton exchange membrane electrode and application thereof in water electrolysis hydrogen production

Abstract

The invention provides a proton exchange membrane electrode and application of the proton exchange membrane electrode in water electrolysis hydrogen production. The invention particularly relates to application of the proton exchange membrane electrode prepared by adopting a specific preparation process in water electrolysis hydrogen production. The membrane electrode used in hydrogen production by electrolysis of water adopts long-chain and short-chain perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, has adjustable hydrophilicity, is beneficial to the generation of catalytic reaction and rapid discharge of generated gas, and improves the gas-liquid mass transfer effect of the membrane electrode; the adopted membrane electrode reduces the occupation of bubbles on the surface and improves the performance expression of the membrane electrode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen production, and in particular relates to a proton exchange membrane electrode and an application thereof in hydrogen production by water electrolysis. Background Art

[0002] Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology has the characteristics of high current density, high conversion efficiency, rapid response, fast startup, and good adaptability to the volatility of renewable energy. It is an ideal technical means for the preparation of "green hydrogen" and has broad application prospects under the background of "dual carbon".

[0003] During the operation of the electrolytic cell, water is injected into the anode of the membrane electrode, and oxygen is generated at the anode and hydrogen is generated at the cathode through electrocatalytic reactions. Due to the low solubility of the above two gases in water, they are discharged in the form of bubbles in the cathode and cathode catalyst layers. In the industrial production of electrolytic water, a large current is usually required, and a large number of bubbles are generated and transferred from the inside of the layer to the surface and accumulated. If they cannot be removed in time, a large resistance to material transfer will be generated. At the same time, the occupation of bubbles will reduce the effective working area of ​​the membrane electrode, prevent the reaction from proceeding, and increase the reaction overpotential. Therefore, improving the hydrophilicity of the catalyst layer, promoting the departure of bubbles, and improving the gas-liquid transmission capacity are of great significance to the efficiency, reaction rate, energy consumption and stability of the electrolytic cell. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a proton exchange membrane electrode and its application in hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The catalyst layer of the membrane electrode used in hydrogen production by water electrolysis has excellent hydrophilicity, which is conducive to the occurrence of catalytic reaction and the rapid discharge of generated gas, thereby improving the gas-liquid mass transfer effect of the membrane electrode.

[0005] The present invention provides an application of a proton exchange membrane electrode in the production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water;

[0006] The proton exchange membrane electrode is prepared according to the following method:

[0007] 1) uniformly dispersing the oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Nafion mixed solution by ultrasonication to obtain a first anode layer catalyst slurry;

[0008] The oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Aquivion ionomer are mixed and then dispersed uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain a second anode catalyst slurry;

[0009] uniformly dispersing the hydrogen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain a cathode layer catalyst slurry;

[0010] 2) applying the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry to one side of the proton exchange membrane in sequence, and applying the cathode layer catalyst slurry to the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0011] Alternatively, the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry are sprayed on one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode layer catalyst slurry is sprayed on the other side of the substrate membrane, and then transferred to both sides of the paper proton exchange membrane, with the first anode layer catalyst close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0012] 3) Soaking the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode.

[0013] Preferably, the Nafion mixed solution is Nafion D520;

[0014] The Aquivion ionomer was Aquivion D72.

[0015] Preferably, the oxygen evolution catalyst is IrO 2 catalyst;

[0016] The hydrogen evolution catalyst is a Pt / C catalyst.

[0017] Preferably, Nafion accounts for 5 to 80 wt% of the solid content in the first anode layer catalyst;

[0018] The Aquivion ionomer accounts for 5 to 80 wt% of the solid content in the second anode layer catalyst.

[0019] Preferably, the soaking temperature is 60-80° C., and the soaking time is 6-36 hours.

[0020] Preferably, the soaking temperature is 60-80° C., and the soaking time is 6-36 hours.

[0021] The present invention provides a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode, which is prepared according to the following method:

[0022] The oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Aquivion ionomer are mixed and then dispersed uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain a second anode catalyst slurry;

[0023] uniformly dispersing the hydrogen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain a cathode layer catalyst slurry;

[0024] 2) applying the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry to one side of the proton exchange membrane in sequence, and applying the cathode layer catalyst slurry to the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0025] Alternatively, the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry are sprayed on one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode layer catalyst slurry is sprayed on the other side of the substrate membrane, and then transferred to both sides of the paper proton exchange membrane, with the first anode layer catalyst close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0026] 3) Soaking the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode.

[0027] The present invention provides an application of a proton exchange membrane electrode prepared by a specific preparation process in hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The membrane electrode used in hydrogen production by water electrolysis uses long-chain and short-chain perfluorosulfonic acid resins, has adjustable hydrophilicity, is conducive to the occurrence of catalytic reactions and the rapid discharge of generated gases, and improves the gas-liquid mass transfer effect of the membrane electrode; the membrane electrode used reduces the space occupied by bubbles on the surface, and improves the performance expression of the membrane electrode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of an electrolytic cell used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The contact angle test of the membrane electrode prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 The water electrolysis performance test results of the membrane electrodes prepared in Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention and the comparative example;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a test diagram of the long-term stability of water electrolysis of the membrane electrode prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the catalyst layer in the membrane electrode prepared in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is the contact angle test of the membrane electrode prepared as a comparative example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention provides an application of a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode in hydrogen production by electrolysis of water;

[0035] The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode is prepared according to the following method:

[0036] 1) uniformly dispersing the oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Nafion mixed solution by ultrasonication to obtain a first anode catalyst slurry;

[0037] The oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Aquivion ionomer are mixed and then dispersed uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain a second anode catalyst slurry;

[0038] uniformly dispersing the hydrogen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry;

[0039] 2) applying the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry to one side of the proton exchange membrane in sequence, and applying the cathode catalyst slurry to the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0040] Alternatively, the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry are sprayed on one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode catalyst slurry is sprayed on the other side of the substrate membrane, and then the two sides of the paper proton exchange membrane are transferred, with the first anode catalyst layer close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0041] 3) Soaking the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode.

[0042] The present invention uses a Nafion mixed solution and an Aquivion ionomer having different side chain lengths to adjust the hydrophilicity of the catalyst layer surface. The surface hydrophilicity is conducive to the occurrence of the catalytic reaction and the rapid discharge of the generated gas, thereby improving the gas-liquid mass transfer effect of the membrane electrode.

[0043] The present invention uniformly disperses the oxygen evolution catalyst, solvent and Nafion mixed solution by ultrasonication to obtain the first anode catalyst slurry. The Nafion mixed solution in the present invention is Nafion D520; the oxygen evolution catalyst is any anode oxygen evolution catalyst suitable for water electrolysis, preferably an iridium-based catalyst. In the present invention, only IrO2 in commercial fields is used. 2 Taking the catalyst as an example, Nafion accounts for 5 to 80 wt% of the solid content in the first anode layer catalyst.

[0044] The present invention preferably ultrasonically dissolves the solvent to fully infiltrate the oxygen evolution catalyst and ultrasonically disperses the catalyst for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0045] The invention mixes oxygen evolution catalyst, solvent and Aquivion ionomer and then disperses them uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain second anode catalyst slurry. The Aquivion ionomer in the invention is Aquivion D72. The Aquivion ionomer accounts for 5-80wt% of the solid content in the second anode layer catalyst.

[0046] The solvent in the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry is selected from one or more of isopropanol, water, ethanol and n-propanol.

[0047] The present invention uniformly disperses hydrogen evolution catalyst, solvent and perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain cathode catalyst slurry. The perfluorosulfonic acid resin in the cathode catalyst slurry is Nafion mixed solution and / or Aquivion ionomer. The solid content of perfluorosulfonic acid resin in the cathode catalyst layer is 5-80wt%. The hydrogen evolution catalyst is all cathode hydrogen evolution catalysts suitable for electrolysis of water. The present invention only takes commercial Pt / C catalyst as an example for description.

[0048] After obtaining the first anode catalyst slurry, the second anode catalyst slurry and the cathode catalyst slurry, the present invention includes but is not limited to coating methods such as spraying and scraping, and includes but is not limited to preparation processes such as transfer and direct coating. The present invention sequentially coats the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane, and coats the cathode catalyst slurry on the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0049] Alternatively, the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry are sprayed on one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode catalyst slurry is sprayed on the other side of the substrate membrane, and then transferred to both sides of the proton exchange membrane, with the first anode catalyst layer close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode. The transfer temperature is 120-135°C, the transfer pressure is 1-2TON, and the transfer time is 1-5min.

[0050] When the present invention is coated on a proton exchange membrane or sprayed on a substrate membrane, the proton exchange membrane or the substrate membrane is placed on a heating plate, and the temperature of the heating plate is 78-83°C, preferably 80°C.

[0051] The present invention soaks the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The soaking temperature in water is 60 to 80°C, and the soaking time is 6 to 36 hours; the soaking temperature is preferably 80°C.

[0052] The present invention applies a proton exchange membrane to hydrogen production by electrolysis of water; the temperature for hydrogen production by electrolysis of water is 75-85°C.

[0053] The electrolytic cell assembly steps used in the present invention for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water are as follows: the membrane electrode, the cathode and anode diffusion layers, the cathode and anode plates, and the anode and cathode end plates are assembled as follows: Figure 1 The structure shown is installed and uniform pressure is applied using screws and nuts.

[0054] The present invention also provides a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode, which is prepared according to the following method:

[0055] The oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Aquivion ionomer are mixed and then dispersed uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain a second anode catalyst slurry;

[0056] uniformly dispersing the hydrogen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain a cathode layer catalyst slurry;

[0057] 2) applying the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry to one side of the proton exchange membrane in sequence, and applying the cathode layer catalyst slurry to the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0058] Alternatively, the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry are sprayed on one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode layer catalyst slurry is sprayed on the other side of the substrate membrane, and then transferred to both sides of the paper proton exchange membrane, with the first anode layer catalyst close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode;

[0059] 3) Soaking the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode.

[0060] The proton exchange membrane electrode provided by the present invention is a membrane electrode for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis, comprising cathode and anode side catalyst layers, wherein the cathode and anode side catalyst layers exhibit better hydrophilicity and catalytic performance.

[0061] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a proton exchange membrane electrode provided by the present invention and its application in hydrogen production by water electrolysis are described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 6 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.375 mL of isopropanol, 0.187 ml of deionized water and 0.101 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Nafion catalyst slurry. 2 2 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.125 mL of isopropanol, 0.062 mL of deionized water and 0.003 mL of Aquivion D72 solution (20 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Aquivion D72 catalyst slurry.

[0064] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0065] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0066] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of the N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred for 3 minutes at 135°C and 2Ton pressure to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The contact angle test result of the membrane electrode was 91.77° (see Figure 2 );

[0067] (5) The prepared membrane electrode was immersed in deionized water at 80°C and stored.

[0068] Electrolyzer assembly steps: Assemble the membrane electrode, cathode and anode diffusion layers, cathode and anode plates, and anode and cathode end plates. Figure 1 The structure shown is installed and uniform pressure is applied using screws and nuts.

[0069] The membrane electrode water electrolysis performance was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. Figure 3 The electrolysis performance test results of the membrane electrodes prepared in Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention and the comparative example are shown in FIG. 1 . The experimental results show that at a current density of 4 A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.879V.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 4 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.25 mL of isopropanol, 0.125 ml of deionized water and 0.033 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Nafion catalyst slurry. 2 4 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.25 mL of isopropanol, 0.125 ml of deionized water and 0.006 mL of Aquivion D72 solution (20 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain an anode Aquivion D72 catalyst slurry.

[0072] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0073] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0074] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of a N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred for 3 minutes at 135°C and 2Ton pressure to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The contact angle test result of the membrane electrode was 90.3°.

[0075] (5) Soak the prepared membrane electrode in deionized water for storage.

[0076] (6) The performance of membrane electrode electrolysis was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. The experimental results showed that at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.928V.

[0077] Figure 4 This is a test diagram of the long-term stability of water electrolysis of the membrane electrode prepared in Example 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 It can be seen that at 80°C, the constant current is 1A / cm 2 After 114 hours of testing, there was no significant voltage attenuation.

[0078] Figure 5 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the catalytic layer in the membrane electrode prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 6 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.375 mL of isopropanol, 0.187 ml of deionized water and 0.101 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Nafion catalyst slurry. 2 2 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.125 mL of isopropanol, 0.062 mL of deionized water and 0.003 mL of Aquivion D79 solution (20 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain an anode Aquivion D79 catalyst slurry.

[0081] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0082] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0083] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of a N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred at 135°C and 2Ton pressure for 3 minutes to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The contact angle test result of the membrane electrode was 88.7°.

[0084] (5) The prepared membrane electrode was immersed in deionized water at 80°C and stored.

[0085] (6) The performance of membrane electrode electrolysis was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. The experimental results showed that at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.890V.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 6 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.375 mL of isopropanol, 0.187 ml of deionized water and 0.101 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Nafion catalyst slurry. 2 2 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.125 mL of isopropanol, 0.062 mL of deionized water and 0.003 mL of Aquivion D87 solution (20 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Aquivion D87 catalyst slurry.

[0088] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0089] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0090] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of a N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred for 3 minutes at 135°C and 2Ton pressure to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The contact angle test result of the membrane electrode was 93.1°.

[0091] (5) The prepared membrane electrode was immersed in deionized water at 80°C and stored.

[0092] (6) The performance of membrane electrode electrolysis was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. The experimental results showed that at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.915V.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 6 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.375 mL of isopropanol, 0.187 ml of deionized water and 0.101 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Nafion catalyst slurry. 2 2 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.125 mL of isopropanol, 0.062 mL of deionized water and 0.003 mL of Aquivion solution (20 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain an anode Aquivion catalyst slurry.

[0095] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0096] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0097] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of a N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred for 3 minutes at 135°C and 2Ton pressure to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The contact angle test result of the membrane electrode was 92.5°.

[0098] (5) The prepared membrane electrode was immersed in deionized water at 80°C and stored.

[0099] (6) The performance of membrane electrode electrolysis was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. The experimental results showed that at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.910V.

[0100] Example 6

[0101] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 6 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.375 mL of isopropanol, 0.187 ml of deionized water and 0.003 mL of Aquivion D87 solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The above mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain the anode Aquivion D87 catalyst slurry. 22 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.125 mL of isopropanol, 0.062 mL of deionized water and 0.003 mL of Aquivion D72 solution (20 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode Aquivion D72 catalyst slurry.

[0102] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0103] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0104] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of a N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred for 3 minutes at 135°C and 2Ton pressure to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode. The contact angle test result of the membrane electrode was 90.2°.

[0105] (5) The prepared membrane electrode was immersed in deionized water at 80°C and stored.

[0106] (6) The performance of membrane electrode electrolysis was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. The experimental results showed that at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.919V.

[0107] Comparative Example

[0108] (1) Weigh amorphous IrO from commercial fields 2 8 mg of catalyst was added, followed by 0.5 mL of isopropanol, 0.25 ml of deionized water and 0.0675 mL of Nafion solution (5 wt%), and shaken well. The mixture was dispersed in an ice-water bath under ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain anode catalyst slurry.

[0109] (2) Take 6 mg of a 40 wt% commercial Pt / C catalyst, add 2 mL of water, 2 mL of isopropanol, and 0.09 mL of a 5% Nafion solution, and disperse the mixture in ultrasound for 60 minutes to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry.

[0110] (3) Place the PTFE membrane on a hot plate and fix it using the negative pressure of an air compressor. The temperature of the hot plate is 80°C. Use a spraying device to evenly spray the cathode and anode catalyst slurries on the PTFE membrane. The effective area of ​​the catalyst layer is 2×2 cm. 2 .

[0111] (4) The PTFE membrane coated with the cathode and anode catalyst layers was placed on both sides of the N115 membrane of suitable size, and the membrane was transferred for 3 minutes at 135°C and 2Ton pressure to obtain a CCM membrane electrode. Figure 6 shown.

[0112] (5) The prepared membrane electrode was immersed in deionized water at 80°C and stored.

[0113] (6) The performance of membrane electrode electrolysis was tested in a water electrolyzer at 80°C. The experimental results showed that at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.949V.

[0114] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides an application of a proton exchange membrane electrode prepared by a specific preparation process in the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen. The membrane electrode used in the electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen uses long-chain and short-chain perfluorosulfonic acid resins, which have adjustable hydrophilicity, are conducive to the occurrence of catalytic reactions and the rapid discharge of generated gases, and improve the gas-liquid mass transfer effect of the membrane electrode; the membrane electrode used reduces the space occupied by bubbles on the surface, and improves the performance expression of the membrane electrode. The experimental results show that: the contact angle of the proton exchange membrane electrode is 88.7~93.1°; at a current density of 4A / cm 2 Under this condition, the electrolysis voltage of the electrolytic cell is 1.879~1.928V.

[0115] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of a proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode in hydrogen production by water electrolysis; The proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode is prepared according to the following method: 1) uniformly dispersing the oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Nafion mixed solution by ultrasonication to obtain a first anode catalyst slurry; The oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Aquivion ionomer are mixed and then dispersed uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain a second anode catalyst slurry; uniformly dispersing the hydrogen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain a cathode catalyst slurry; 2) applying the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry to one side of the proton exchange membrane in sequence, and applying the cathode catalyst slurry to the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode; Alternatively, the first anode catalyst slurry and the second anode catalyst slurry are sprayed onto one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode catalyst slurry is sprayed onto the other side of the substrate membrane, and then transferred to both sides of the proton exchange membrane, with the first anode catalyst layer close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode; 3) Soaking the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Nafion mixed solution is Nafion D520; The Aquivion ionomer was Aquivion D72.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen evolution catalyst is an IrO2 catalyst; The hydrogen evolution catalyst is a Pt / C catalyst.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: Nafion accounts for 5 to 80 wt% of the solid content in the first anode layer catalyst; The Aquivion ionomer accounts for 5 to 80 wt% of the solid content in the second anode layer catalyst.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soaking temperature is 60-80°C, and the soaking time is 6-36 hours.

6. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transfer temperature is 120-135° C., the transfer pressure is 1-2 Ton, and the transfer time is 1-5 min.

7. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the oxygen evolution catalyst to the solvent in the first anode layer catalyst slurry is (1:5) to (1:100); The mass ratio of the oxygen evolution catalyst to the solvent in the second anode layer catalyst slurry is (1:5) to (1:100).

8. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: When coating the proton exchange membrane or spraying the substrate membrane, the proton exchange membrane or the substrate membrane is placed on a heating plate, and the temperature of the heating plate is 78-83°C.

9. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature for producing hydrogen by electrolysis of water is 75-85°C.

10. A proton exchange membrane water electrolysis membrane electrode, prepared according to the following method: The oxygen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the Aquivion ionomer are mixed and then dispersed uniformly by ultrasonication to obtain a second anode catalyst slurry; uniformly dispersing the hydrogen evolution catalyst, the solvent and the perfluorosulfonic acid resin by ultrasonication to obtain a cathode layer catalyst slurry; 2) applying the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry to one side of the proton exchange membrane in sequence, and applying the cathode layer catalyst slurry to the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain a membrane electrode; Alternatively, the first anode layer catalyst slurry and the second anode layer catalyst slurry are sprayed on one side of the substrate membrane, and the cathode layer catalyst slurry is sprayed on the other side of the substrate membrane, and then transferred to both sides of the paper proton exchange membrane, with the first anode layer catalyst close to the proton exchange membrane side, to obtain a membrane electrode; 3) Soaking the membrane electrode in water to obtain a proton exchange membrane electrode.

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