A mining system for large-scale high-cutting top-coal caving working face

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-scale mining and top coal caving working face recovery system, including multiple middle supports, a front scraper conveyor, a rear scraper conveyor and two transition frame groups, multiple middle supports are arranged in sequence along the working face, the front scraper conveyor includes a front head power unit and a front tail power unit, the front head power unit and the front tail power unit are both arranged in the working face, the rear scraper conveyor includes a rear head power unit and a rear tail power unit, the rear head power unit is arranged in the transport lane, and the rear tail power unit is arranged in the return air lane, each transition frame group includes a first transition support, a second transition support and a large gradient transition support, the first transition support, the second transition support and the large gradient transition support are all connected between the front head power unit and the rear head power unit or between the front tail power unit and the rear tail power unit. The recovery system of the invention can realize the recovery of the top coal in the end triangle area, improve the overall recovery rate, and also improve the roof pressure in the end triangle area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mining technology, and in particular to a large-mining-height top coal caving working face recovery system. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the development of fully mechanized caving technology, the ultra-large mining height fully mechanized caving coal mining process is constantly updated and improved. Since the greater the mining height (the smaller the corresponding coal caving thickness), the higher the resource recovery rate, ultra-large mining height caving equipment is gradually being promoted in the main coal producing areas in the west, changing the previous 10m-18m ultra-thick coal seam caving "mining one and caving three" mining situation, greatly reducing the resource waste caused by the low coal cutting height and large coal caving height of the fully mechanized caving working face. However, the large mining height fully mechanized caving working face in the existing technology has the problem of difficulty in recovering the top coal in the end triangle area, resulting in a low overall recovery rate. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a large mining height and top coal caving working face mining system, which can realize the mining of the top coal in the end triangle area, improve the overall mining rate, improve the roof pressure in the end triangle area, and improve the overall mining safety.

[0005] The large mining height caving top coal working face mining system of the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

[0006] A plurality of middle brackets, wherein the plurality of middle brackets are arranged in sequence along the working surface;

[0007] A front scraper conveyor and a rear scraper conveyor, wherein the front scraper conveyor comprises a front head power unit and a front tail power unit, both of which are arranged in the working surface, and the rear scraper conveyor comprises a rear head power unit and a rear tail power unit, wherein the rear head power unit is arranged in a transport lane on one side of the working surface, and the rear tail power unit is arranged in a return air lane on the other side of the working surface, and a plurality of the middle brackets are arranged between the front scraper conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor in the front-to-back direction;

[0008] Two transition frame groups, a plurality of middle brackets are arranged between the two groups of transition frame groups, each of the transition frame groups includes a first transition bracket, a second transition bracket and a large gradient transition bracket which are arranged in sequence in the direction approaching the middle bracket, the first transition bracket, the second transition bracket and the large gradient transition bracket are all connected between the front nose power unit and the rear nose power unit or between the front tail power unit and the rear tail power unit, and the number of the first transition brackets on the side adjacent to the return air channel is greater than the number of the first transition brackets on the side adjacent to the transport channel.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the front and rear directions, the front nose power unit and the front tail power unit are both arranged between the front scraper conveyor and the transition frame group, and the front scraper conveyor is bent in a direction away from the transition frame group at both ends of the extension direction of the working surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, the front scraper conveyor includes two conveying sections located at both ends respectively, each of the conveying sections includes a plurality of scraper grooves, and the angle formed by the plurality of scraper grooves of each conveying section and the working surface gradually increases along the direction away from the middle portion.

[0011] In some embodiments, the middle bracket and the transition frame group are connected by a push jack, the middle bracket and the transition frame group are connected by a pull-back jack, and the pull-back jack is not arranged between the large gradient transition bracket and at least one middle bracket adjacent to the large gradient transition bracket and the rear scraper conveyor.

[0012] In some embodiments, there is only one first transition bracket adjacent to the transport lane, and two first transition brackets adjacent to the return air lane are provided, and the first transition bracket located on the outer side of the two first transition brackets adjacent to the return air lane is provided in the return air lane, and the rear tail power unit is provided behind the first transition bracket located in the return air lane.

[0013] In some embodiments, including:

[0014] A transport lane support device, the transport lane support device comprising a transport lane advance support and an end hydraulic support, the end hydraulic support being arranged behind the transport lane advance support, and a transfer machine being arranged between the transport lane advance support and the end hydraulic support, the transfer machine being provided with a crusher, and the crusher being arranged in front of the end hydraulic support;

[0015] Return air channel support equipment, the return air channel support equipment includes a return air channel advance bracket and an end bracket tail bracket, the number of the return air channel advance bracket is greater than the number of the transport channel advance bracket, the end bracket tail bracket is a single-row bracket and is connected to the rear of the return air channel advance bracket, and a top-lowering device is provided on the inner side of the rear end of the end bracket tail bracket.

[0016] In some embodiments, the end hydraulic support comprises a plurality of support units, an anchor breaking device and a first net breaking device, the plurality of support units are sequentially connected in a direction from front to back, the anchor breaking device is mounted on the top beam of the support unit at the front end, and the first net breaking device is arranged on the shielding beam of the support unit at the rear end;

[0017] The anchor breaking device comprises a swing arm, a first drive, a front bracket, a second drive, a tool holder, a third drive and an execution device;

[0018] The swing arm is rotatably assembled with the top beam, the first drive is connected between the swing arm and the top beam and is used to drive the swing arm to swing horizontally, the front bracket is rotatably assembled with the top beam, the second drive is connected between the front bracket and the swing arm and is used to drive the front bracket to swing in pitch, the tool holder is slidably assembled with the front bracket, the third drive is connected between the tool holder and the front bracket and is used to drive the tool holder to slide, and the actuator is assembled on the tool holder and is used to shear the anchor;

[0019] The first mesh breaking device comprises a fixing device, a rotating device, a rotating drive, a cutter device and a telescopic drive;

[0020] The fixing device is embedded in the shield beam, the rotary drive is connected between the fixing device and the rotary device and is used to drive the rotary device to swing relative to the fixing device, the tool device is rotatably assembled on the rotary device and includes an executing tool, the telescopic drive is connected between the tool device and the rotary device and is used to drive the tool device to swing relative to the rotary device, and the executing tool is used to cut the anchor net by the swing of the rotary device and / or the telescopic drive.

[0021] In some embodiments, two swing arms are provided, and the two swing arms are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the top beam, and each of the swing arms includes:

[0022] A rotating drum, wherein a sway pin is provided at the bottom of the top beam, and the rotating drum is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral side of the sway pin;

[0023] A rear bracket and a connecting rod, wherein the front end of the rear bracket is rotatably connected to the front bracket, the rear end of the rear bracket is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first drive, and the length of the rear bracket is greater than the length of the connecting rod;

[0024] The extension direction of the rear bracket and the extension direction of the connecting rod form an obtuse angle, the angle formed by the rear bracket and the connecting rod of each swing arm protrudes toward the outside of the top beam, and the connection between the connecting rod and the first drive is located on the inner side of the rotating drum;

[0025] The swing arm can swing between a first extreme position and a second extreme position. In the first extreme position, the rear bracket extends along the front-to-back direction, and the first drive and the connecting rod form an angle a. In the second extreme position, the rear bracket swings outward from the top beam, and the first drive and the connecting rod form an angle b, and the angle a is greater than the angle b.

[0026] In some embodiments, the end bracket tail frame includes a rear frame body, a second mesh breaking device and a top breaking device, and the rear frame body includes a top beam and a base;

[0027] The second mesh breaking device comprises a cantilever beam, a swing jack, a telescopic beam, a telescopic jack and a cutter;

[0028] The cantilever beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, the swing jack is connected between the top beam and the cantilever beam and is used to drive the cantilever beam to swing up and down, the telescopic beam is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam, the telescopic jack is connected between the cantilever beam and the telescopic beam and is used to drive the telescopic beam to slide relative to the cantilever beam, and the cutter is provided at the free end of the telescopic beam and is used to cut the anchor net;

[0029] The roof breaking device includes a column seat, an impact column and a column jack;

[0030] The column seat is connected to the rear of the base, the impact column is rotatably assembled on the column seat, the column jack is connected between the column seat and the impact column and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack, and after the cutter cuts the anchor net, the column jack is used to impact and destroy the top plate.

[0031] In some embodiments, the front nose power unit and the front tail power unit are both arranged to extend along the extension direction of the working surface.

[0032] In some embodiments, the middle bracket, the first transition bracket, the second transition bracket, and the large gradient transition bracket all include a tail beam plug plate, and the tail beam plug plates of the middle bracket, the large gradient transition bracket, the second transition bracket, and the first transition bracket gradually increase in height in the direction away from the middle bracket.

[0033] In some embodiments, the transition frame group is provided with an anti-collision sensor device and / or a mine pressure monitoring system. The anti-collision sensor device is used to implement a collision monitor to prevent the front scraper conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor from interfering with the transition frame group. The mine pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the mine pressure in the end triangle area to guide the posture adjustment and coal release operation of the transition frame group.

[0034] In some embodiments, the transition frame group is a delayed support, and the middle support is a timely support.

[0035] Beneficial effect: The large-mining high-top coal-caving working face mining system of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the mining of the top coal in the end triangle area, improve the overall mining rate, improve the roof pressure in the end triangle area, and improve the overall mining safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the mining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the H direction.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of a partial recovery system on one side of the return air channel of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a middle bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a large gradient transition bracket at the conveyor head of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of a second transition bracket at the head of a conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the first transition bracket at the head of the conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a second transition bracket at the tail of a conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Fig. 9 It is an integrated block diagram of the working surface equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Fig.10 It is a flowchart of the top coal caving process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig.11 It is a partial control block diagram of the mining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig.12 It is a block diagram of the mine pressure monitoring in the end triangle area of ​​an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.13 It is a side schematic diagram of the end hydraulic support of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Fig.14 It is a top view schematic diagram of the end hydraulic support according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the anchor breaking device at the front end of the end hydraulic support.

[0051] Fig.16 It is a side schematic diagram of the first net breaking device of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Fig.17 Schematic diagram of an anchor breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal swing adjustment of two anchor breaking devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of a fixing device of a first net breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating device of the first net breaking device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Fig.21 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first net breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of a cutter device of a first mesh breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Fig.23 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the end bracket of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Fig.24 Schematic diagram of a second mesh breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Fig.25 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a roof breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Fig.26 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the column seat of the roof breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] 1-middle bracket; 2-front scraper conveyor; 3-rear scraper conveyor; 4-transition frame group; 5-front head power unit; 6-front tail power unit; 7-rear head power unit; 8-rear tail power unit; 9-advanced bracket for transport lane; 10-end hydraulic bracket; 11-advanced bracket for return air lane; 12-end bracket tail bracket; 13-first transition bracket; 14-second transition bracket; 15-large gradient transition bracket; 16-tail beam plug plate;

[0064] 20-anchor breaking device; 21-swing arm; 211-rotating drum; 212-rear bracket; 2121-rear rib plate; 2122-rear connecting plate; 2123-rear reinforcing plate; 2124-first ear seat; 2125-second ear seat; 213-connecting rod; 22-first drive; 23-front bracket; 231-main rib plate; 232-third ear seat; 233-slide rail; 24-second drive; 25-tool holder; 251-tool holder plate; 252-fourth ear seat; 253-card holder; 26-third drive; 27-executing device; 28-first device; 29-second device;

[0065] 30-first mesh breaking device; 31-fixing device; 311-recess; 3111-inclined side wall; 312-fixing pad; 313-fixing cover plate; 314-fixing inner rib plate; 315-fixing front vertical rib plate; 316-fixing front reinforcing rib plate; 317-fixing bottom reinforcing rib plate; 318-fixing front transverse rib plate; 319-first fixing ear seat; 3110-second fixing ear seat; 32-rotating device; 321-upper cover plate; 3211-first slot; 321 2-second slot; 322-lower cover plate; 323-rotating main rib plate; 324-third fixed ear seat; 325-fourth fixed ear seat; 326-rotating push ear seat; 327-first section; 328-second section; 329-limiting seat; 33-rotating drive; 34-tool device; 341-executing tool; 342-tool top plate; 343-tool main rib plate; 344-inner longitudinal rib plate; 345-inner transverse rib plate; 346-movable ear seat; 35-telescopic drive;

[0066] 40-bracket unit; 41-front bracket; 411-front top beam; 4111-fixed axis; 4112-sway pin; 412-front column; 413-front base; 414-front stabilizing mechanism; 42-middle bracket; 421-middle top beam; 422-middle column; 423-middle base; 43-rear bracket; 431-rear top beam; 432-rear column; 433-rear base; 434-shielding beam; 435-rear connecting rod; 44-guard plate connecting seat; 45-inner guard plate; 46-outer guard plate; 47-guide cylinder;

[0067] 50-rear frame; 51-top beam; 511-main beam; 512-secondary beam; 5121-first lug; 52-base; 53-lifting jack; 54-shielding beam; 55-connecting rod;

[0068] 60-second net breaking device; 61-cantilever beam; 611-first partition; 6111-second lug; 6112-third lug; 62-swing jack; 63-telescopic beam; 631-second partition; 6311-fourth lug; 64-telescopic jack; 65-knife;

[0069] 70-top breaking device; 71-column seat; 711-front boss; 7111-fifth lug; 7112-seventh lug; 712-side plate; 713-bottom plate; 714-reinforcement plate; 715-rear boss; 716-groove; 72-impact column; 721-sixth lug; 73-column jack; 74-connector;

[0070] Z2-1A-transition bracket A; Z2-2A-large gradient transition bracket A; Z2-2B-large gradient transition bracket B; Z2-1B-transition bracket B. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the large-mining-height top coal caving working face recovery system (hereinafter referred to as the recovery system) of an embodiment of the present invention includes multiple middle supports 1, a front scraper conveyor 2, a rear scraper conveyor 3 and two transition frame groups 4.

[0073] Multiple middle brackets 1 are arranged in sequence along the working surface. Figure 1 As shown, the number of the middle brackets 1 can be determined according to the length of the working surface, and the working surface can generally extend in the left-right direction, and a plurality of middle brackets 1 are also arranged in sequence in the left-right direction, thereby meeting the use needs of goaf support after coal wall mining.

[0074] The front scraper conveyor 2 includes a front head power unit 5 and a front tail power unit 6, and the front head power unit 5 and the front tail power unit 6 are both arranged in the working surface. Figure 1 As shown, the front scraper conveyor 2 can be arranged at the front side of the above-mentioned multiple middle brackets 1, and the front head power unit 5 and the front tail power unit 6 are both used to drive the front scraper conveyor 2 to operate, wherein the front head power unit 5 can be arranged at the left end of the front scraper conveyor 2, and the front tail power unit 6 can be arranged at the right end of the front scraper conveyor 2. During installation, most of the front head power unit 5 and the front tail power unit 6 can be located in the working surface.

[0075] The rear scraper conveyor 3 includes a rear head power unit 7 and a rear tail power unit 8. The rear head power unit 7 is arranged in the transport lane on one side of the working surface, and the rear tail power unit 8 is arranged in the return air lane on the other side of the working surface.

[0076] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the rear scraper conveyor 3 can be arranged behind the above-mentioned multiple middle brackets 1, and the rear head power unit 7 and the rear tail power unit 8 are both used to drive the rear scraper conveyor 3 to operate and can be located on the front side of the rear scraper conveyor 3, wherein the rear head power unit 7 can be arranged at the left end of the rear scraper conveyor 3, and the rear tail power unit 8 can be arranged at the right end of the rear scraper conveyor 3.

[0077] It should be noted that if Figure 1 As shown, the working face is equipped with two mining tunnels extending in the front-rear direction, the two mining tunnels are respectively a transport tunnel and a return air tunnel, wherein the transport tunnel can be connected to the left side of the working face, and the return air tunnel can be connected to the right side of the working face. During assembly, the rear head power unit 7 can be installed in the transport tunnel as a whole, and the rear tail power unit 8 can be installed in the return air tunnel as a whole.

[0078] A plurality of middle brackets 1 are arranged between two transition bracket groups 4, for example, Figure 1 As shown, the mining system includes two transition frame groups 4, one of which can be arranged on the left side of the plurality of middle supports 1, and the other transition frame group 4 can be arranged on the right side of the plurality of middle supports 1.

[0079] Each transition frame group 4 includes a first transition bracket 13, a second transition bracket 14 and a large gradient transition bracket 15 which are arranged in sequence towards the middle bracket 1. The first transition bracket 13, the second transition bracket 14 and the large gradient transition bracket 15 are all connected between the front nose power unit 5 and the rear nose power unit 7 or between the front tail power unit 6 and the rear tail power unit 8, and the number of the first transition brackets 13 on the side adjacent to the return air channel is greater than the number of the first transition brackets 13 on the side adjacent to the transport channel.

[0080] In the mining system of the embodiment of the present invention, the rear head power unit 7 and the rear tail power unit 8 are both arranged in the mining tunnel, so that the top coal in the triangular area between each transition frame group 4 and the rear scraper conveyor 3 can also be mined by releasing the top coal, thereby avoiding the situation in the prior art that the top coal cannot be mined due to the arrangement of some additional mechanical equipment between the transition frame group 4 and the rear scraper conveyor 3, thereby improving the overall mining rate. Secondly, it also improves the overall roof pressure in the end triangular area, thereby improving the overall mining safety.

[0081] In some embodiments, in the front and rear directions, the front head power unit 5 and the front tail power unit 6 are both arranged between the front scraper conveyor 2 and the transition frame group 4, and both ends of the front scraper conveyor 2 in the extension direction of the working surface are bent away from the transition frame group 4.

[0082] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the left end of the front scraper conveyor 2 can be bent forward as a whole, and the right end of the front scraper conveyor 2 can also be bent forward as a whole. A coal mining machine is arranged on the front scraper conveyor 2. Since both ends of the front scraper conveyor 2 are bent forward, when the coal mining machine moves along the front scraper conveyor 2, the front head power unit 5 and the front tail power unit 6 of the front scraper conveyor 2 can be reasonably avoided through this track forward movement and line change, and sufficient safety space can be provided for it.

[0083] In some embodiments, the front scraper conveyor 2 includes two conveying sections located at both ends, each conveying section includes multiple scraper grooves, and the angle formed by the multiple scraper grooves and the working surface of each conveying section gradually increases along the direction away from the middle.

[0084] For example, the conveying section can be regarded as a part of the front scraper conveyor 2 located at the end, and each conveying section can include 5 scraper grooves. In some other embodiments, each conveying section can include 4, 6, 7, etc. The scraper grooves of the conveying section on the left can have a gradually increasing inclination angle from right to left, and the scraper grooves of the conveying section on the right can have a gradually increasing inclination angle from left to right.

[0085] In some embodiments, the middle bracket 1 and the transition bracket set 4 are connected by a push jack, the middle bracket 1 and the transition bracket set 4 are connected by a pull-back jack, and no pull-back jack is provided between the large gradient transition bracket 15 and at least one middle bracket 1 adjacent to the large gradient transition bracket 15 and the rear scraper conveyor 3. Figure 1 As shown, a pull-back jack is provided between the large gradient transition bracket 15 of each transition frame group 4 and the transition trough of the rear scraper conveyor 3, thereby playing an effective role in saving space.

[0086] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, there is only one first transition bracket 13 adjacent to the transport lane, and two first transition brackets 13 adjacent to the return air lane are provided, and the first transition bracket 13 located on the outer side of the two first transition brackets 13 adjacent to the return air lane is provided in the return air lane, and the rear tail power unit 8 is provided behind the first transition bracket 13 located in the return air lane. Thus, the space in the return air lane can be fully utilized.

[0087] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the mining system also includes transport tunnel support equipment and return air tunnel support equipment.

[0088] The transport lane support equipment includes a transport lane advance support 9 and an end hydraulic support 10. The end hydraulic support 10 is arranged behind the transport lane advance support 9, and a transfer machine is arranged between the transport lane advance support 9 and the end hydraulic support 10. A crusher is arranged on the transfer machine, and the crusher is located in front of the end hydraulic support 10.

[0089] The return airway support equipment includes a return airway advance bracket 11 and an end bracket tail bracket 12. The number of the return airway advance bracket 11 is greater than the number of the transport lane advance bracket 9. For example, the return airway advance bracket can be provided with four, while the transport lane advance bracket 9 can be provided with only two. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the end bracket tail frame 12 is a single-row bracket and is connected to the rear of the return air channel advance bracket 11, and a top-releasing device for top-releasing is provided on the inner side of the rear end of the end bracket tail frame 12.

[0090] The top-releasing device may be a component such as an impact drill with high-speed impact action. When in use, the top-releasing device can be used to impact and destroy the suspended top plate, thereby realizing the top-releasing operation.

[0091] In some embodiments, the front nose power unit 5 and the front tail power unit 6 are both arranged along the extension direction of the working surface. Compared with the case of vertical arrangement along the extension direction of the working surface, the parallel arrangement of the front nose power unit 5 and the rear nose power unit 7 can effectively utilize the support space under the top beam of the triangular area bracket.

[0092] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the middle bracket 1, the first transition bracket 13, the second transition bracket 14, and the large gradient transition bracket 15 all include a tail beam plug plate 16, and the tail beam plug plate 16 of the middle bracket 1, the large gradient transition bracket 15, the second transition bracket 14, and the first transition bracket 13 gradually increases in height in the direction away from the middle bracket 1.

[0093] For example, taking the side close to the transport lane as an example, in the direction from right to left, the tail beam plug 16 of the middle bracket 1 is lower than the height of the tail beam plug 16 of the large gradient transition bracket 15, the height of the tail beam plug 16 of the large gradient transition bracket 15 is lower than the height of the tail beam plug 16 of the second transition bracket 14, and the height of the tail beam plug 16 of the second transition bracket 14 is lower than the height of the tail beam plug 16 of the first transition bracket 13. In this way, the arrangement requirements of the scraper trough elevation of the head section and the tail section of the rear scraper conveyor 3 can be met, so that the safety space and coal placing space can be more reasonably guaranteed.

[0094] In some embodiments, the transition frame group 4 is provided with an anti-collision sensor device and / or a mine pressure monitoring system, and the anti-collision sensor device is used to implement a collision monitor to prevent the front scraper conveyor 2 and the rear scraper conveyor 3 from interfering with the transition frame group 4. Specifically, the first transition bracket 13, the second transition bracket 14, and the large gradient transition bracket 15 of each transition frame group 4 can be installed with an anti-collision sensor device, so as to prevent the power unit of the scraper conveyor from interfering with the bracket during the sliding process on the working surface.

[0095] The mine pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the mine pressure in the end triangle area to guide the posture adjustment and coal caving operation of the transition frame group 4. Specifically, the first transition support 13, the second transition support 14, and the large gradient transition support 15 of each transition frame group 4 can be installed with a mine pressure monitoring system. The mine pressure monitoring system can monitor the mine pressure in the triangle area in real time and adjust the support posture, thereby ensuring that the triangle area can be caving coal within a reasonable mine pressure, thereby improving the safety of coal caving on the entire working face.

[0096] In some embodiments, the transition frame group 4 is a delayed support, that is, it is carried out in the order of cutting coal-moving the frame-pushing the slide, and the middle support 1 is a timely support, that is, it is carried out in the order of pushing the slide-cutting coal-moving the frame.

[0097] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, on the side close to the return air channel, the base of the second transition bracket 14 on one side of the transition frame group 4 can be arranged between the front scraper conveyor 2 and the rear scraper conveyor 3, and the transition frame group 4 on the right side can also include two first transition brackets 13, one of the first transition brackets 13 can be set in the working face, and the other first transition bracket 13 can be arranged in the return air channel, thereby fully meeting the mining needs of the entire working face for top caving and recovery.

[0098] A specific example of the mining system according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0099] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the mining system of the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes a transition support Z1, i.e., the first transition support, a transition support AZ2-1A, i.e., the second transition support on the left, a large gradient transition support AZ2-2A, a middle support Z3, a large gradient transition support BZ2-2B, a transition support BZ2-1B, i.e., the second transition support on the right, an end hydraulic support ZT1, an end support tail support ZT2, an advance support ZH1 for the transport lane, an advance support ZH2 for the return air lane, a coal mining machine M1, a front scraper conveyor G1, a front head power unit G1-1, a front tail power unit G1-2, a rear scraper conveyor G2, a rear head power unit G2-1, a rear tail power unit G2-2, a crusher P1, and a transfer machine ZZ1.

[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, the transition bracket Z1 is arranged at the outermost sides of the coal wall, wherein one is arranged at the head of the scraper conveyor and two are arranged at the tail of the scraper conveyor. One transition bracket AZ2-1A is arranged, close to the left head transition bracket Z1, and one large gradient transition bracket AZ2-2A is arranged, close to the head transition bracket AZ2-1A.

[0101] One transition bracket BZ2-1B is arranged, and it is arranged close to the second transition bracket Z1 from right to left at the tail. One large gradient transition bracket BZ2-2B is arranged, and it is arranged close to the transition bracket BZ2-1B at the tail.

[0102] All middle supports Z3 are arranged between large gradient transition supports AZ2-2A and large gradient transition supports BZ2-2B. The side guard plates of the top beams of each support automatically extend to make each support fit tightly to prevent coal and gangue leakage from the top. All middle supports adopt the timely support method of pushing slide-cutting coal-moving support.

[0103] Among them, the large gradient transition bracket AZ2-2A and the head transition bracket AZ2-1A, and the large gradient transition bracket BZ2-2B and the tail transition bracket BZ2-1B are overlapped by the retractable side panels of the large gradient transition bracket, thereby effectively preventing coal gangue from the top and sides from entering.

[0104] The front scraper conveyor G1 is hinged with the hydraulic support push rod in the above working surface through the ear seat, and the front scraper conveyor G1 is controlled to move forward through the hydraulic support push jack. Among them, the three hydraulic supports of the head triangle area transition support Z1, transition support AZ2-1A, and large gradient transition support AZ2-2A adopt the lagging support mode of coal cutting-frame moving-pushing, and are connected to the front head power unit G1-1 base through the push jack ear seat, which can push the front head power unit G1-1 at the same time.

[0105] The middle bracket Z3 of the 5th frame of the machine head pushes the scraper groove of the front scraper conveyor G15 from the working surface to the transport lane side to change the line at a small angle, so that when the coal mining machine moves to the end, it can reasonably avoid the front machine head power part G1-1 through the forward movement of the track and change the line, providing it with sufficient safety space.

[0106] Most of the front head power unit G1-1 is located in the working surface and is protected by the front end of the three transition supports of the head. The remaining part is located in the transport lane. A safety gap is left above the bottom and the base of the end hydraulic support ZT1, and together with the transfer machine ZZ1, it forms an end-unloading structure.

[0107] The four hydraulic supports in the tail triangle area, namely the two transition supports Z1, the transition support BZ2-1B, and the large gradient transition support BZ2-2B, also adopt the lagging support method (coal cutting-frame moving-pushing slide). They are connected to the base of the front tail power unit G1-2 by pushing the jack ear seat, and can push the front tail power unit G1-2 at the same time.

[0108] The 5 middle brackets Z3 at the tail of the machine push the scraper groove of the front scraper conveyor G15 from the working surface to the transport lane side to change the line at a small angle, so that when the coal mining machine moves to the end, it can reasonably avoid the front tail power unit G1-2 by moving the track forward and changing the line, providing it with sufficient safety space.

[0109] Most of the front tail power unit G1-2 is located in the working surface and is protected by the front end of the three transition brackets at the tail. The remaining part is located in the return air duct and is protected by the side guard plate of the end bracket tail frame ZT2.

[0110] The rear scraper conveyor G2 is hinged with the pull-back jack of the above-mentioned hydraulic support through the ear seat, and the rear scraper conveyor G2 is controlled to move forward by the pull-back hydraulic jack. Among them, the three hydraulic supports of the head triangle area transition support Z1, transition support AZ2-1A, and large gradient transition support AZ2-2A are connected to the base of the rear scraper conveyor head power unit G2-1 through the pull-back jack, which can push the rear scraper conveyor head power unit G2-1 at the same time, but the rear scraper conveyor G2 transition groove behind the 4th middle support Z3 from left to right is not equipped with a pull-back jack, which effectively saves space.

[0111] A small part of the head power unit G2-1 of the rear scraper conveyor is located in the working surface and is protected by the tail of the three transition supports of the head. The remaining part is located in the transport lane. A safety gap is left above the bottom and the base of the end hydraulic support ZT1, and together with the transfer machine ZZ1, it forms an end-unloading structure.

[0112] Among them, the two transition brackets Z1, transition bracket BZ2-1B, and three hydraulic brackets in the tail triangle area are connected to the base of the front tail power unit G1-2 through the push jack ear seat, which can push the front tail power unit G1-2 at the same time. The rear scraper conveyor G2 transition trough behind the large gradient transition bracket BZ2-2B does not have a pull-back jack, which effectively saves space. The tail power unit G2-2 of the rear scraper conveyor is located below the tail of the rightmost transition bracket Z1, and is located in the return air lane as a whole, which makes reasonable use of the lane space.

[0113] The coal mining machine M1 of the mining system of the embodiment of the present invention moves on the front scraper conveyor G1 through the rack rail and pin row structure. The end hydraulic support ZT1 is located in the transport tunnel, and the unloading space for the front and rear scraper conveyors is formed by the middle column. The transfer machine is placed between the two supports of the end hydraulic support, and the transfer machine is connected to the jacks on both sides of the end hydraulic support ZT1 through the ear seat. The crusher is arranged behind the transfer machine bridge section and is located in front of the end hydraulic support ZT1 as a whole. Two groups of transport tunnel advance supports ZH1 are arranged in front of the end hydraulic support ZT1, which play the role of tunnel advance support, and the top beams are connected by connecting jacks.

[0114] When the transport lane advance support ZH1 and the end hydraulic support ZT1 move alternately, an exposed area of ​​the top plate will appear on the top plate of the connection, which can be compensated by extending the telescopic beams of the transport lane advance support and the end hydraulic support.

[0115] The end bracket tail frame ZT2 is arranged on one side close to the outer side of the return air tunnel to support the tunnel roof, and the top release device is installed on the inside. Figure 3 As shown, the front part of the end support tail frame ZT2 is connected to the base of the return air channel advance support ZH2 through the connecting plate ZH2-1 and the end support tail frame push jack QT1, and is pulled forward by the return air channel advance support ZH2. Four groups of return air channel advance supports ZH2 are arranged in front of the return air channel of the working face, and the roof is supported by an alternating forward movement method.

[0116] like Figure 4 As shown, the middle support of the embodiment of the present invention adopts a positive four-bar linkage stabilizing mechanism, and the tail coal-releasing mechanism mainly includes a tail beam Z3-1 and a plug plate Z3-2. The size and posture of the coal-releasing opening are controlled by the tail beam jack and the plug plate jack, referring to the top coal-releasing hydraulic support.

[0117] like Fig.10 As shown, taking the transition frame group on one side of the transport tunnel as an example, the mining system of the embodiment of the present invention may include the following steps during the mining process:

[0118] A1: After the coal mining machine returns from cutting coal, the safety distance is judged. If the safety distance does not meet the requirements, the coal mining machine is used to cut coal again. If the safety distance meets the requirements, the left transition frame group is used to push the power unit of the front scraper conveyor forward.

[0119] A2: Move the transition frame group. During the moving process, the shape of each bracket is monitored by pressure sensors and height sensors to achieve timely posture control.

[0120] A3: After the rack is moved, the step distance of the rack is judged. If the step distance of the rack does not meet the requirement, the rack moving operation is performed again. If the step distance of the rack meets the requirement, the power unit of the scraper conveyor is pulled forward.

[0121] A4: Determine the pulling step distance of the rear scraper conveyor. If the pulling step distance meets the requirement, pull the rear scraper conveyor again. If the pulling step distance meets the requirement, carry out the top coal discharge operation. When discharging the top coal, you can open the coal discharge port of each support in the transition frame group to discharge coal. When gangue enters, you can stop discharging coal.

[0122] The operation mode of the transition rack group on the return air channel side of the embodiment of the present invention can be substantially the same as the operation mode of the transition rack group on the transport channel side, which will not be described in detail here. For details, please refer to Fig.10 It should be noted that the coal placing and frame moving processes of the two transition frame groups can be carried out synchronously with multiple middle supports, so that coal placing can be achieved on the entire working face.

[0123] The coal placing operation process of the transition frame group of the mining system of the embodiment of the present invention can be controlled automatically, for example, Fig.11 As shown, the transition rack group can be configured with a dedicated control system.

[0124] The control system may include an electro-hydraulic control reversing valve group, a central processing unit, and multiple sensors, among which the electro-hydraulic control reversing valve group can realize the motion control of each bracket in the transition frame group, and then the amount of coal released can be controlled by adjusting the posture of the tail beam and the plug plate. Multiple sensors may include travel sensors, cameras, ranging sensors, etc., and the monitoring of each sensor can realize posture perception, coal gangue identification, anti-collision and other functions. The information detected by the above multiple sensors can be fed back to the central processing unit in a timely manner, and the central processing unit and the corresponding program editing module, data storage module, fault diagnosis module, etc. can realize motion control, data storage and analysis, fault diagnosis, etc.

[0125] It should be noted that the control system may also include a centralized control platform, etc. The centralized control platform may be connected to the central processing unit through a wireless module, thereby realizing the use needs of data transmission and remote control.

[0126] The posture adjustment of the transition frame group in the embodiment of the present invention can be achieved by a mine pressure monitoring system, such as Fig.12 As shown, the mine pressure monitoring system may include a processor, a pressure sensor, a posture sensor, a distance sensor, etc. The pressure sensor, the posture sensor, and the distance sensor can monitor the pressure, the specific posture of the support, and the corresponding distance. The data monitored by these sensors can be used for real-time mine pressure analysis. When the pressure threshold of the monitored mine pressure meets the coal-releasing posture, the coal-releasing operation can be carried out. When the pressure threshold of the monitored mine pressure does not meet the coal-releasing posture, it is necessary to adjust the posture of each support of the transition frame group.

[0127] In some embodiments, Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the end hydraulic support 10 in the above-mentioned transport lane may include a plurality of support units 40, at least one anchor breaking device 20 and at least one first net breaking device 30. The plurality of support units 40 are sequentially connected along the direction from front to back, and the rearmost support unit 40 includes a shielding beam 434.

[0128] For example, Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, three support units 40 may be provided, and the top beams and bases of the three support units 40 may be sequentially connected in a direction from front to back, and each support unit 40 may be an independent hydraulic support, thereby meeting the use needs of large-scale support in the mining tunnel. In some other embodiments, the support units 40 may also be provided in two, four, or other quantities.

[0129] The rearmost support unit 40 among the three support units 40 may include a shielding beam 434, which may be arranged generally in an inclined direction from the upper front to the lower rear, thereby preventing the gangue falling from the goaf from entering the working face.

[0130] like Fig.15 As shown, the anchor breaking device 20 includes a swing arm 21 , a first drive 22 , a front bracket 23 , a second drive 24 , a tool holder 25 , a third drive 26 and an actuator 27 .

[0131] The swing arm 21 is rotatably assembled with the top beam and can swing horizontally. One end of the first drive 22 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 21 , and the other end of the first drive 22 is rotatably connected to the top beam. The first drive 22 is used to drive the swing arm 21 to swing.

[0132] For example, Fig.15As shown, the swing arm 21 can be generally V-shaped, and the corner of the swing arm 21 can be rotatably assembled with the web of the top beam through a pin shaft, etc., and the pin shaft can be extended and arranged in a direction perpendicular to the web, so that the swing arm 21 can swing left and right around the pin shaft. The first drive 22 can be a telescopic drive 35, and the first drive 22 can be generally located at the rear side of the swing arm 21, and the front end of the first drive 22 can be hinged with the rear end of the swing arm 21, and the rear end of the first drive 22 can be pivotally assembled with the web of the top beam. When in use, the first drive 22 can be telescopic, so that the swing arm 21 can be driven to swing.

[0133] The front bracket 23 is rotatably assembled with the top beam and can pitch and swing. The second drive 24 is assembled below the top beam. One end of the second drive 24 is rotatably connected to the front bracket 23, and the other end of the second drive 24 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 21. The second drive 24 is used to drive the front bracket 23 to swing.

[0134] For example, Fig.15 As shown, the front bracket 23 can be welded by steel, and the middle or rear part of the front bracket 23 can be pivotally assembled with the front end of the swing arm 21 through a pivot, and the pivot can generally extend in the horizontal direction. The second drive 24 can also be a telescopic drive 35, and the second drive 24 can be located below the swing arm 21 as a whole, and the front end of the second drive 24 can be hinged to the rear bottom end of the front bracket 23, and the rear end of the second drive 24 can be hingedly assembled below the swing arm 21. When in use, the pitch and swing adjustment of the front bracket 23 in the vertical plane can be achieved through the telescopic movement of the second drive 24.

[0135] The tool holder 25 is slidably assembled with the front bracket 23 and can slide along the extension direction of the front bracket 23. The third drive 26 is assembled below the front bracket 23. One end of the third drive 26 is rotationally connected to the tool holder 25, and the other end of the third drive 26 is rotationally connected to the front bracket 23.

[0136] For example, Fig.15 As shown, the tool holder 25 can be a tubular structure, and the tool holder 25 as a whole can be sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the front bracket 23 and can slide relative to the front bracket 23, thereby achieving adjustment of the length dimension of the whole formed by the tool holder 25 and the front bracket 23. The third drive 26 can also be a telescopic drive 35, and the third drive 26 as a whole can be assembled on the bottom side of the front bracket 23, the front end of the third drive 26 can be hinged to the tool holder 25, and the rear end of the third drive 26 can be hinged to the front bracket 23. When in use, the sliding assembly of the tool holder 25 relative to the front bracket 23 can be achieved by telescoping the third drive 26.

[0137] The actuator 27 is mounted on the tool holder 25 and is used to shear the anchor. For example, the actuator 27 can be a hydraulic actuator shear. When the actuator 27 is driven into place by the above-mentioned various drives, the actuator 27 can shear the exposed anchor rods, anchor cables and other anchors, thereby breaking the anchors and facilitating the smooth movement of the end hydraulic support.

[0138] like Fig.16 As shown, the first mesh breaking device 30 includes a fixing device 31 , a rotating device 32 , a rotating drive 33 , a tool device 34 and a telescopic drive 35 .

[0139] The fixing device 31 is embedded in the shielding beam 434 and is provided with a recess 311. For example, the shielding beam 434 may be provided with a recess, and the fixing device 31 may be plate-shaped as a whole, and the fixing device 31 may be directly fixed in the recess of the shielding beam 434 by welding. The setting of the fixing device 31 can provide a mounting base on the one hand, and can also block the recess on the shielding beam 434 on the other hand, thereby achieving a gangue blocking effect.

[0140] It should be noted that the fixing device 31 can be roughly in the shape of a step, that is, the front side of the fixing device 31 can be lower than the rear side of the fixing device 31, and the recess 311 is the lower area on the front side of the fixing device 31. The setting of the recess 311 can, on the one hand, enhance the structural strength, and on the other hand, provide installation space for the subsequent rotating device 32, etc., thereby avoiding the protrusion of the rotating device 32, etc.

[0141] The rotating device 32 is rotatably mounted in the recess 311, and the rotary drive 33 is connected between the fixing device 31 and the rotating device 32 and is used to drive the rotating device 32 to swing relative to the fixing device 31. Fig.16 As shown, the rotating device 32 can be generally a plate-shaped structure, and the front side of the rotating device 32 can be hinged to the fixing device 31 .

[0142] The rotary drive 33 can be a hydraulic jack, one end of the rotary drive 33 can be hinged to the fixing device 31, and the other end of the rotary drive 33 can be hinged to the rotary device 32. When in use, the rotary device 32 can be pulled and pushed by the extension and retraction of the rotary drive 33, thereby realizing the swing adjustment of the rotary device 32 in the front and rear directions.

[0143] The tool device 34 is rotatably mounted on the rotating device 32 and includes an executing tool 341 . The telescopic drive 35 is connected between the tool device 34 and the rotating device 32 and is used to drive the tool device 34 to swing relative to the rotating device 32 .

[0144] For example, Fig.16As shown, the tool device 34 as a whole can be a plate-like structure, the tool device 34 can be arranged above the rotating device 32, and the rear end of the tool device 34 can be hinged to the rotating device 32, the execution tool 341 can be a blade with a cutting function, etc., and the execution tool 341 can be integrally formed at the front end of the tool device 34.

[0145] The telescopic drive 35 may be a hydraulic jack, one end of the telescopic drive 35 may be hinged to the tool device 34, and the other end of the telescopic drive 35 may be hinged to the rotary device 32. When in use, the tool device 34 may be pushed or pulled by the telescopic drive 35, and the tool device 34 may be driven to swing in the front and rear directions.

[0146] During the net breaking operation of the first net breaking device 30 , the execution cutter 341 is extended to the bottom of the anchor net by the telescopic drive 35 , and the execution cutter 341 cuts the anchor net through the swing of the rotating device 32 and / or the extension and retraction of the telescopic drive 35 .

[0147] For example, in the process of breaking the net, the above-mentioned tool device 34 and the rotating device 32 can be swung out from the recess 311. After being swung out, the execution tool 341 can move forward under the joint action of the rotating drive 33 and the telescopic drive 35, so as to achieve the cutting of the anchor net on the top plate of the tunnel.

[0148] The end hydraulic support of the embodiment of the present invention can meet the needs of end support operations while realizing mechanized and automated cutting of anchors, thereby avoiding the time-consuming and labor-intensive manual removal of anchors in the prior art, and the need for high climbing and high risk, thereby resolving the contradiction between the end hydraulic support frame movement and the top plate safety support.

[0149] Secondly, the end hydraulic support can cut the roof anchor net, thereby avoiding the situation where the roof of the goaf is difficult to collapse in time due to the anchor net support, improving the top coal recovery rate of the end triangle area, improving the mine pressure manifestation of the working face, and improving the safety of the mining operation.

[0150] In some embodiments, Fig.17 As shown, the swing arm 21 includes a rotating drum 211 , a rear bracket 212 and a connecting rod 213 .

[0151] A sway pin 4112 is provided at the bottom of the top beam, and the drum 211 is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral side of the sway pin 4112. Fig.17As shown, the sway pin 4112 may include a flange plate arranged on the top, and the flange plate may be connected and fixed to the web of the top beam by fasteners such as bolts. A stop portion may also be provided at the bottom of the sway pin 4112, and the stop portion may be disc-shaped. The rotating drum 211 may be sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the sway pin 4112, and the top side of the rotating drum 211 may be limited and stopped by the flange plate, and the bottom side of the rotating drum 211 may be limited and stopped by the stop portion.

[0152] like Fig.17 As shown, the front end of the rear bracket 212 is rotatably connected to the front bracket 23, the rear end of the rear bracket 212 is fixedly connected to the drum 211, the front end of the connecting rod 213 can be fixedly connected to the drum 211, and the rear end of the connecting rod 213 can be rotatably connected to the first drive 22. In some embodiments, the rear bracket 212, the drum 211 and the connecting rod 213 can be integrally formed by casting or the like.

[0153] The length of the rear bracket 212 is greater than the length of the connecting rod 213, that is, the distance between the front free end of the rear bracket 212 and the rotating drum 211 is greater than the distance between the rear free end of the connecting rod 213 and the rotating drum 211. Therefore, on the one hand, the overall length of the connecting rod 213 can be reduced, thereby facilitating the assembly of the connecting rod 213 in the relatively narrow space below the top beam, and on the other hand, since the rear bracket 212 is to extend to the outside of the top beam, the size of the rear bracket 212 is not limited by the space, thereby increasing the operating range and area of ​​the rear bracket 212, meeting the use needs of anchor breaking operations in a larger range.

[0154] In some embodiments, two swing arms 21 are provided, and the two swing arms 21 are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the top beam. The extension direction of the rear bracket 212 and the extension direction of the connecting rod 213 form an obtuse angle. The angle formed by the rear bracket 212 and the connecting rod 213 of each swing arm 21 protrudes toward the outside of the top beam, and the connection between the connecting rod 213 and the first drive 22 is located on the inner side of the rotating drum 211.

[0155] For example, Fig.15 As shown, two anchor breaking devices 20 may be provided, and the two anchor breaking devices 20 may be rotatably assembled on the left and right sides of the top beam respectively, and the two anchor breaking devices 20 may be arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner in the left-right direction as a whole.

[0156] like Fig.18 As shown, the swing arm 21 of the left anchor breaking device 20 can swing to the left side of the top beam, and the swing arm 21 of the right anchor breaking device 20 can swing to the right side of the top beam. This meets the use needs of anchor breaking operations at corresponding positions in the lane width direction of the lane, and can also improve the overall anchor breaking efficiency.

[0157] like Fig.18As shown, both swing arms 21 can be generally V-shaped structures, that is, the angle formed by the above-mentioned rear bracket 212 and the connecting rod 213 is an obtuse angle, wherein the corner of the left swing arm 21 can protrude to the left, and the corner of the right swing arm 21 can protrude to the right, and the connection between the first drive 22 of the left anchor breaking device 20 and the swing arm 21 can be located on the right side of the rotating drum 211 of the left anchor breaking device 20, and the connection between the first drive 22 of the right anchor breaking device 20 and the swing arm 21 can be located on the left side of the rotating drum 211 of the right anchor breaking device 20.

[0158] Therefore, while satisfying the driving requirement of the swing arm 21, the connecting rod 213 and the first drive 22 can be hidden under the top beam, and will not be exposed from the side of the top beam during the swinging process, so that the top beam can play a better protective role.

[0159] In some embodiments, the swing arm 21 can swing between a first extreme position and a second extreme position. In the first extreme position, the rear bracket 212 extends along the front-to-back direction. In the second extreme position, the rear bracket 212 swings outward from the top beam.

[0160] For example, Fig.18 As shown, the first limit position can be the initial position A or the initial position B, and the second limit position can be the limit position A or the limit position B. When in use, the first drive 22 on the left side can drive the swing arm 21 on the left side to swing back and forth between the initial position A and the limit position A, and the first drive 22 on the right side can drive the swing arm 21 on the right side to swing back and forth between the initial position B and the limit position B.

[0161] In the first extreme position, the first drive 22 and the connecting rod 213 form an angle a, and in the second extreme position, the first drive 22 and the connecting rod 213 form an angle b, and the angle a is greater than the angle b. Therefore, in the first extreme position, the extension directions of the rear bracket 212 and the first drive 22 are substantially consistent, so that the force on the rear bracket 212 can be directly relieved to the first drive 22 along the front-to-back direction, which is conducive to ensuring the overall structural stability. In the second extreme position, since the angle between the connecting rod 213 and the first drive 22 is small, most of the force can be borne by the connecting rod 213, avoiding damage to the first drive 22 during the anchor breaking operation.

[0162] In some embodiments, the rear bracket 212 includes two rear rib plates 2121 , a rear connecting plate 2122 and a rear reinforcing plate 2123 .

[0163] The two rear ribs 2121 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the width direction of the rear bracket 212. Fig.17As shown, the two rear rib plates 2121 can both be in the shape of long plates, and the two rear rib plates 2121 can be arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the left-right direction.

[0164] The rear connecting plate 2122 is connected between the two rear rib plates 2121 and is arranged adjacent to the top side of the rear rib plates 2121, so that the two rear rib plates 2121 can be connected. Since the rear connecting plate 2122 is close to the top side, the formation of a groove between the two rear rib plates 2121 is avoided, thereby avoiding impurities such as coal gangue falling into the groove and causing the rear bracket 212 to be loaded.

[0165] The rear reinforcing plate 2123 is arranged above the rear connecting plate 2122, and the height dimension of the rear reinforcing plate 2123 gradually increases in the direction close to the rotating drum 211. For example, the rear reinforcing plate 2123 may be substantially in the shape of a triangular plate, and the rear reinforcing plate 2123 may be fixed above the rear connecting plate 2122 by welding or the like, the rear connecting plate 2122 may be a horizontal plate, and the rear reinforcing plate 2123 may be a vertical plate, and the height dimension of the rear reinforcing plate 2123 in the vertical direction may gradually increase in the direction from front to back, thereby fully meeting the use requirement of the rear side to bear a larger force, and fully ensuring the overall structural strength.

[0166] Each rear rib plate 2121, rear connecting plate 2122 and rear reinforcing plate 2123 are fixedly connected to the rotating drum 211. For example, the rear sides of the two rear rib plates 2121, the rear sides of the rear connecting plates 2122 and the rear sides of the rear reinforcing plates 2123 can be connected and fixed to the rotating drum 211 by welding or the like, so that the rear bracket 212 can swing synchronously with the rotation of the rotating drum 211.

[0167] like Fig.17 As shown, the front end and bottom side of each rear rib plate 2121 are respectively provided with a first ear seat 2124 and a second ear seat 2125, part of the front bracket 23 is rotatably assembled between the two first ear seats 2124 of the two rear rib plates 2121, and the rear end of the second drive 24 is rotatably assembled between the two second ear seats 2125, and the front bracket 23, the rear bracket 212, the second drive 24, and the second ear seat 2125 form a four-bar mechanism. Thus, the overall structural stability of the rear half of the anchor breaking device 20 is fully guaranteed.

[0168] In some embodiments, Fig.17 As shown, the front bracket 23 includes a main rib plate 231 and two third ear seats 232. The main rib plate 231 can be generally in the shape of a long plate and can be a vertical plate, and the top side of the main rib plate 231 is rotatably assembled between the two first ear seats 2124. For example, an ear plate can be provided at the middle and upper part of the top side of the main rib plate 231, and the ear plate can be fitted between the two first ear seats 2124 and pivotally assembled with the two first ear seats 2124 through a pivot.

[0169] The rear end of the main rib plate 231 is rotatably connected to the second drive 24, and the height of at least part of the main rib plate 231 gradually increases from the front to the back. Fig.17 As shown, the rear end of the main rib plate 231 may also be integrally formed with an ear plate, which may be pivotally assembled between the two ear seats at the front end of the second drive 24. In the direction from front to rear, the height dimension of the main rib plate 231 may be gradually increased, so that on the one hand, the rear side of the main rib plate 231 may protrude upward, facilitating the pivotal assembly with the rear bracket 212, and on the other hand, the overall structural strength and torsion resistance of the rear portion of the front bracket 23 are ensured.

[0170] The main rib plate 231 is disposed between two third ear seats 232 . Each third ear seat 232 protrudes below the main rib plate 231 and is adjacent to the rear end of the main rib plate 231 . The third driver 26 is rotatably assembled between the two third ear seats 232 .

[0171] For example, Fig.17 As shown, the main rib plate 231 can be welded and fixed between two third ear seats 232, and the two third ear seats 232 both protrude from the bottom side edge of the main rib plate 231. The rear end of the third drive 26 can be pivotally assembled between the two third ear seats 232, thereby facilitating the assembly of the third drive 26.

[0172] In some embodiments, Fig.17 As shown, the tool holder 25 includes two tool holder plates 251 and a clamping seat 253 .

[0173] The main rib plate 231 is provided with slide rails 233 on both sides in the width direction, and the slide rails 233 extend along the extension direction of the main rib plate 231. The main rib plate 231 is provided between the two tool holder plates 251, and each tool holder plate 251 is slidably assembled with the slide rails 233 on both sides of the main rib plate 231. For example, a slide groove may be provided on the inner side of each tool holder plate 251, and the two slide rails 233 on the main rib plate 231 may be slidably assembled in the corresponding slide grooves of the two tool holder plates 251. This not only facilitates the assembly of the tool holder 25 and the front bracket 23, but also improves the overall structural strength and torsion resistance.

[0174] The bottom side of each tool holder plate 251 is provided with a fourth ear seat 252, and the front end of the second drive 24 is rotatably assembled between the two fourth ear seats 252. For example, the two main rib plates 231 can be connected by an intermediate plate, and the intermediate plate can be arranged adjacent to the bottom side edges of the two main rib plates 231. The two third ear seats 232 can be fixed on the lower side of the intermediate plate and arranged at intervals in the width direction of the front bracket 23. In some other embodiments, the two third ear seats 232 can also be integrally formed on the bottom sides of the two tool holder plates 251.

[0175] The front end of the third drive 26 may be provided with a structure such as an ear plate, and the ear plate may be pivotally assembled between the two third ear seats 232, thereby ensuring the structural stability and convenience of assembly.

[0176] The holder 253 is fixedly connected to the front ends of the two tool holder plates 251, and the holder 253 is used to install the execution device 27. Fig.17 As shown, the holder 253 can be welded and fixed on the front sides of the two tool holder plates 251, and the actuator 27 can be assembled on the holder 253 by means of clamping, fastening, etc., thereby facilitating the assembly of the actuator 27.

[0177] In some embodiments, the anchor breaking device 20 includes a visual sensor, which is disposed on the tool holder 25. For example, a visual sensor can be installed on the tool holder 25 of the above two anchor breaking devices 20, and the visual sensor can be used to collect images in the lane, thereby facilitating the identification of the specific position of the exposed anchor.

[0178] In some embodiments, the anchor breaking device 20 includes multiple travel sensors. The first drive 22 , the second drive 24 , and the third drive 26 are all provided with travel sensors, and the travel sensors are used to monitor the telescopic travel of the first drive 22 , the second drive 24 , and the third drive 26 .

[0179] For example, the first drive 22, the second drive 24, and the third drive 26 may be equipped with a stroke sensor, which facilitates the monitoring of the telescopic stroke of each drive, thereby confirming whether each drive is fully telescoped, thereby realizing execution feedback during the anchor breaking operation.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first mesh breaking device 30 has a storage state, in which the rotating device 32 and the knife device 34 are stored in the recess 311 , and the rotating device 32 is located between the knife device 34 and the fixing device 31 .

[0181] For example, Fig.16 As shown, when a net breaking operation is required, the first net breaking device 30 can be switched to a storage state, in which the rotating device 32 and the cutter device 34 are both swung into the recess 311, wherein the rotating device 32 can be in contact with the bottom wall and the side wall of the recess 311, and the cutter device 34 can be overlapped on top of the rotating device 32, and the cutter device 34 can be pressed on the top side of the rotating device 32.

[0182] In this way, the whole formed by the first mesh breaking device 30 and the shielding beam 434 can be prevented from protruding from the upper surface of the shielding beam 434, thereby avoiding the situation where contact interference is easy to occur. Secondly, the overlapping arrangement of the tool device 34, the rotating device 32, and the fixing device 31 can also make the whole have a higher impact resistance structural strength, which fully meets the use needs of blocking coal gangue.

[0183] In some embodiments, one end of the rotating device 32 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the recess 311 , one end of the tool device 34 is rotatably connected to the other end of the rotating device 32 , and the execution tool 341 is disposed at the other end of the tool device 34 .

[0184] For example, Fig.16 As shown, in the storage position, the rotating device 32 and the tool device 34 can generally extend along the front-to-back direction, wherein the front end of the rotating device 32 can be hinged to the bottom wall of the recess 311, and the rear end of the rotating device 32 can be hinged to the tool device 34, and the above-mentioned execution tool 341 can be integrally formed at the front end of the tool device 34.

[0185] In the stored state, the rotary device 32 extends rearward from the connection with the recess 311, and the cutter device 34 extends forward from the connection with the rotary device 32, for example, Fig.16 As shown, during the process of being stored in the recess 311, the rotating device 32 and the tool device 34 have the same swinging direction, wherein the rotating device 32 can swing toward the rearward and downward direction until it fits with the fixing device 31, and the tool device 34 can generally swing toward the forward and downward direction and be pressed onto the above-mentioned rotating device 32.

[0186] In the front-to-back direction, the connection between the rotating device 32 and the fixing device 31 is located between the execution tool 341 and the connection between the tool device 34 and the rotating device 32. Therefore, on the one hand, the connection can be roughly in the middle, which is conducive to ensuring the stability of the overall structure, and on the other hand, the connection between the rotating device 32 and the fixing device 31 can be spaced a certain distance from the front side of the recess 311, so that the execution tool 341 can be inserted into the space, which enhances the compactness of storage.

[0187] In some embodiments, Fig.19 As shown, the fixing device 31 includes a fixed cover plate 313 , a fixed pad plate 312 , a plurality of fixed inner ribs 314 , a fixed front vertical rib plate 315 , a fixed front reinforcing rib plate 316 and a plurality of fixed bottom reinforcing rib plates 317 .

[0188] The fixing pad 312 is disposed below the fixing cover 313 and is spaced apart from the fixing cover 313. The fixing cover 313 and the fixing pad 312 are both stepped to limit the recess 311 at the front side of the fixing device 31. Fig.19 As shown, the fixed pad 312 and the fixed cover 313 can be generally Z-shaped, that is, the middle parts of the fixed pad 312 and the fixed cover 313 are bent and are generally arranged in an inclined direction from the front bottom to the rear top. The recess 311 is formed in the lower area of ​​the front side of the fixed cover 313 and the fixed pad 312.

[0189] The plurality of fixed inner ribs 314 are supported between the fixed cover plate 313 and the fixed pad plate 312 and are arranged at intervals along the front-to-back direction. Fig.19 As shown, the fixed inner ribs 314 can extend in the left-right direction, and the fixed inner ribs 314 can be perpendicular to the fixed cover plate 313 and the fixed pad plate 312, so as to fully support and fix the fixed cover plate 313 and the fixed pad plate 312, thereby ensuring the overall structural strength of the fixing device 31.

[0190] The fixed front rib plate 315 is disposed at the front side of the recess 311 and arranged vertically, and the rotary drive 33 is rotatably connected to the fixed front rib plate 315. Fig.19 As shown, the fixed front rib plate 315 can be generally arranged vertically and extend in the left-right direction, and the bottom side of the fixed front rib plate 315 can be welded and fixed to the fixed pad plate 312. The above-mentioned recess 311 is formed between the fixed front rib plate 315 and the middle inclined section of the fixed cover plate 313, and the front end of the slewing drive 33 can be hinged to the fixed front rib plate 315.

[0191] The fixed front reinforcing rib plate 316 is disposed at the angle formed by the fixed front vertical rib plate 315 and the fixed cover plate 313. Fig.19 As shown, the fixed front reinforcing rib plates 316 can all be triangular and two can be provided. The two fixed front reinforcing rib plates 316 can be arranged at intervals along the left-right direction, thereby enhancing the structural strength between the fixed front vertical rib plate 315 and the fixed cover plate 313.

[0192] A plurality of fixed bottom reinforcing ribs 317 are disposed on the bottom side of the fixed pad 312 and are arranged at intervals along the front-to-back direction, and the fixed bottom reinforcing ribs 317 are connected and fixed to the shield beam 434. Fig.19 As shown, two fixed bottom reinforcing ribs 317 may be provided, and both of the two fixed bottom reinforcing ribs 317 may be in the shape of long plates and may extend in the left-right direction, and both of the two fixed bottom reinforcing ribs 317 may be arranged vertically and spaced apart in the front-back direction.

[0193] During assembly, the left and right sides of the two fixed bottom reinforcing rib plates 317 can be fixedly connected to the side walls of the shielding beam 434 by welding, thereby further enhancing the overall structural strength.

[0194] In some embodiments, Fig.19As shown, two fixed front vertical rib plates 315 are provided, and the two fixed front vertical rib plates 315 are arranged at intervals in the front-to-back direction, and a fixed front transverse rib plate 318 is provided between the two fixed front vertical rib plates 315, so as to enhance the front structural strength of the fixing device 31.

[0195] The first fixed ear seat 319 is provided at the rear side of the rear fixed front rib plate 315 of the two fixed front rib plates 315, and the first fixed ear seat 319 is rotatably connected to the rotary drive 33. The fixed cover plate 313 is provided with a second fixed ear seat 3110, and the second fixed ear seat 3110 is provided in the recess 311, and the rotary device 32 is rotatably connected to the second fixed ear seat 3110. This facilitates the installation of the rotary drive 33 and the telescopic drive 35.

[0196] In some embodiments, Fig. 20 As shown, the rotating device 32 includes a cover plate assembly, a rotating main rib plate 323 , a third fixed ear seat 324 , a fourth fixed ear seat 325 and a rotating sliding ear seat 326 .

[0197] like Fig. 20 As shown, the cover plate assembly includes an upper cover plate 321 and a lower cover plate 322, which are arranged at intervals, and the cover plate assembly includes a first section 327 and a second section 328 arranged at an angle, that is, the cover plate assembly is V-shaped as a whole, and in the storage state, the first section 327 is in contact with the bottom wall of the recess 311, and the second section 328 is in contact with the inclined side wall 3111 of the recess 311. Thus, on the one hand, the overall structural strength of the rotating device 32 can be improved, and on the other hand, the shape of the rotating device 32 can be adapted to the shape of the corresponding wall of the recess 311, so that the rotating device 32 can be fully in contact with the fixing device 31, ensuring the structural stability and compactness in the storage state.

[0198] The rotary main rib plate 323 is connected between the upper cover plate 321 and the lower cover plate 322. Fig. 20 As shown, two rotating main ribs 323 may be provided, and both rotating main ribs 323 may be substantially V-shaped, and the two rotating main ribs 323 may be respectively provided on the left and right sides of the upper cover plate 321 and the lower cover plate 322 and are both connected between the upper cover plate 321 and the lower cover plate 322. Thus, the rotating device 32 is a box-type structure as a whole, ensuring the overall structural strength.

[0199] The third fixed ear seat 324 is disposed in the first section 327, and the third fixed ear seat 324 is rotatably connected to the telescopic drive 35. The fourth fixed ear seat 325 is disposed in the second section 328, and the fourth fixed ear seat 325 is rotatably connected to the tool device 34. The rotary push ear seat 326 is disposed in the first section 327, and the rotary push ear seat 326 is rotatably connected to the rotary drive 33.

[0200] In some embodiments, the upper cover plate 321 is provided with a first slot 3211 and a second slot 3212 , the third fixed ear seat 324 is connected to the lower cover plate 322 and extends from the first slot 3211 , and the rotary push ear seat 326 is connected to the lower cover plate 322 and extends from the second slot 3212 .

[0201] For example, Fig. 20 As shown, the first slot 3211 and the second slot 3212 can both be rectangular slots and can extend in the front-to-back direction, the third fixed ear seat 324 can be welded and fixed on the lower cover plate 322, and the top of the third fixed ear seat 324 can extend from the first slot 3211 and be connected to the telescopic drive 35. The rotary push ear seat 326 can also be welded and fixed on the lower cover plate 322, and the top of the rotary push ear seat 326 can extend from the second slot 3212 and be connected to the rotary drive 33.

[0202] The upper cover 321 is provided with a plurality of limit seats 329, and the first slot 3211 is provided between two limit seats 329. In the storage state, the limit seats 329 and the telescopic drive 35 are blocked and limited. For example, a limit seat 329 can be provided on both sides of each first slot 3211. When in the storage state, the telescopic drive 35 can be stuck between the two limit seats 329, thereby playing the role of limiting the left and right directions and improving the overall structural stability. Secondly, the limit seat 329 can also stop against the tool device 34, thereby limiting the maximum amplitude of the downward swing of the tool device 34.

[0203] In some embodiments, each rotating device 32 is provided with a plurality of tool devices 34 and a telescopic drive 35, the plurality of tool devices 34 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the rotating device 32, the plurality of telescopic drives 35 are rotatably connected to the plurality of tool devices 34 one by one, and the rotating drive 33 is arranged between two adjacent tool devices 34.

[0204] For example, Fig.21 As shown, each rotating device 32 can be provided with two tool devices 34 and two telescopic drives 35. The two tool devices 34 can be arranged at intervals in the left-right direction, and the two telescopic drives 35 can be connected to the two tool devices 34 in a one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, on the one hand, the operating area for breaking the net can be increased, and on the other hand, the tool devices 34 at different positions can operate independently, thereby meeting the needs of differential operations caused by the uneven ups and downs of the top plate.

[0205] Secondly, it is also beneficial to reduce the reverse force on the single tool device 34 , so that the force applied by the telescopic drive 35 and the rotary drive 33 can fully meet the use requirements of the single tool device 34 operation.

[0206] In some embodiments, Fig. 22 As shown, the tool device 34 includes a tool top plate 342 , a plurality of tool main ribs 343 , an inner longitudinal rib 344 and a plurality of inner transverse ribs 345 .

[0207] The plurality of tool main ribs 343 are connected to the tool top plate 342 and are arranged at intervals in the width direction of the tool top plate 342. Fig. 22 As shown, two tool main ribs 343 can be provided, both of which can be V-shaped and can be welded and fixed under the tool top plate 342, one of the tool main ribs 343 is located on the left side of the tool top plate 342, and the other is located on the right side of the tool top plate 342.

[0208] The inner longitudinal ribs 344 are arranged to extend along the extension direction of the cutter device 34, and a plurality of inner transverse ribs 345 are arranged at intervals in the extension direction of the inner longitudinal ribs 344, and each inner transverse rib 345 is arranged to cross the inner longitudinal ribs 344. Fig. 22 As shown, one inner longitudinal rib plate 344 may be provided, and the inner longitudinal rib plate 344 may be provided between two tool main rib plates 343. Four inner transverse rib plates 345 may be provided, and the four inner transverse rib plates 345 may extend in the left-right direction and be arranged at intervals in the front-back direction, and each inner transverse rib plate 345 may be connected to the two tool main rib plates 343 and the inner longitudinal rib plate 344, thereby ensuring the overall structural strength.

[0209] like Fig. 22 As shown, one end of the tool main rib plate 343 and the inner longitudinal rib plate 344 are each provided with a plurality of execution tools 341 , and the other end of the tool main rib plate 343 and the inner longitudinal rib plate 344 are each provided with a movable ear seat 346 , and the movable ear seat 346 is rotatably connected to the fixing device 31 .

[0210] In some embodiments, Fig.13 As shown, the three bracket units 40 are respectively arranged from front to back in sequence as a front bracket 41, a middle bracket 42 and a rear bracket 43. The front bracket 41 includes a front top beam 411, a front column 412, a front base 413 and a front stabilizing mechanism 414, the middle bracket 42 includes a middle top beam 421, a middle column 422, a middle base 423, and the rear bracket 43 includes a rear top beam 431, a rear column 432, a rear base 433 and a shielding beam 434. The front column 412, the middle column 422 and the rear column 432 all constitute support columns, and each support column may be provided with at least one set of pressure sensors.

[0211] The front column 412 is supported and assembled between the front top beam 411 and the front base 413. For example, two front columns 412 may be provided, and the two front columns 412 may be arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the left-right direction. The front stabilizing mechanism 414 is provided at the front side of the front column 412 and protrudes toward the front side. For example, the front stabilizing mechanism 414 may include two front connecting rods, and the two front connecting rods may be connected in the up-down direction. The top end of the front connecting rod located at the upper side may be hinged to the front top beam 411, and the bottom end of the front connecting rod located at the lower side may be hinged to the front base 413. The two front connecting rods are generally V-shaped, and the connection between the two front connecting rods may protrude forward.

[0212] The middle column 422 is supported and assembled between the middle top beam 421 and the middle base 423, for example, Fig.13 As shown, the top end of the middle column 422 can be hinged to the middle top beam 421, and the bottom end of the middle column 422 can be hinged to the middle base 423. The rear column 432 is supported and assembled between the rear top beam 431 and the rear base 433, for example, Fig.13 As shown, the top end of the rear column 432 can be hinged to the rear top beam 431 , and the bottom end of the rear column 432 can be hinged to the rear base 433 .

[0213] The shield beam 434 is mounted on the rear side of the rear top beam 431, for example Fig.13 As shown, the shielding beam 434 can be arranged tilted from the front upper to the rear lower direction, the shielding beam 434 and the rear base 433 can be connected by two rear connecting rods 435, the two rear connecting rods 435 can be arranged in sequence in the front and rear directions, and the two rear connecting rods 435 can be arranged tilted generally from the front lower to the rear upper direction.

[0214] The shielding beam 434 may include two beam bodies arranged opposite to each other in the left-right direction, and the distance measuring sensor may be arranged between the two beam bodies. The above-mentioned pressure sensor and distance measuring sensor may be used to calculate the inclination angle and pressure of the top plate behind the end hydraulic support, thereby facilitating the control of the first net breaking device 30 to perform the net breaking operation.

[0215] The number of the front pillars 412 and the rear pillars 432 are both less than the number of the middle pillars 422. For example, Fig.13 As shown, the number of front pillars 412 and rear pillars 432 can be the same, for example, two front pillars 412 and two rear pillars 432 can be provided, and the two front pillars 412 or rear pillars 432 are arranged opposite to each other in the left-right direction. There can be four middle pillars 422, and the four middle pillars 422 can be arranged diagonally, that is, the four middle pillars 422 can be divided into two rows in the front-to-back direction, and each row can include two middle pillars 422 arranged at intervals in the front-to-back direction.

[0216] As a result, the middle part of the end hydraulic support has a higher supporting strength, which is beneficial to improving the overall supporting strength and structural stability of the end hydraulic support.

[0217] Side guard plates are provided inside the front top beam 411, the middle top beam 421, and the rear top beam 431 and on the side facing the coal wall. Fig.14 As shown, the side guard plates can be divided into inner guard plates 45 and outer guard plates 46 according to different assembly positions. The front top beam 411, the middle top beam 421, and the rear top beam 431 can include two longitudinal beams arranged relatively in the left-right direction, each longitudinal beam generally extends along the front-to-back direction, and the inner side of each longitudinal beam can be equipped with two inner guard plates 45 arranged at intervals in the front-to-back direction, thereby meeting the need for inner protection.

[0218] like Fig.14 As shown, in actual use, the side of the front top beam 411, the middle top beam 421, and the rear top beam 431 facing the coal wall can be the left side, and the left side of the longitudinal beam on the left side of each top beam can be equipped with an outer guard plate 46, so as to also play a protective role. Specifically, as Fig.13 As shown, a guard plate connecting seat 44 can be installed on the left side of the left longitudinal beam, and the outer guard plate 46 can be installed and fixed to the corresponding top beam through the guard plate connecting seat 44.

[0219] In some embodiments, Fig.14 As shown, a guide cylinder 47 may be installed between the two longitudinal beams of each top beam, so as to prevent deformation and enhance stability.

[0220] In some embodiments, Fig.23 As shown, the end bracket tail bracket of the embodiment of the present invention includes a rear frame body 50, a second mesh breaking device 60 and a top breaking device 70, and the rear frame body 50 includes a top beam 51 and a base 52. Specifically, the rear frame body 50 can be a hydraulic bracket, the top beam 51 can be arranged above the base 52, and the top beam 51 and the base 52 can be spliced ​​into a box-type structure by steel plates or the like.

[0221] A lifting jack 53 may be provided between the top beam 51 and the base 52. More than two lifting jacks 53 may be provided. The top end of each lifting jack 53 may be hinged to the top beam 51, and the bottom end of each lifting jack 53 may be hinged to the base 52. The lifting and lowering adjustment of the top beam 51 may be achieved by telescoping the lifting jacks 53.

[0222] The second mesh breaking device 60 can be installed on the top beam 51, such as Fig.24 As shown, the second mesh breaking device 60 includes a cantilever beam 61, a swing jack 62, a telescopic beam 63, a telescopic jack 64 and a cutter 65. The cantilever beam 61 and the telescopic beam 63 can be assembled into a box-shaped structure by steel plates or the like.

[0223] The cantilever beam 61 is rotatably connected to the top beam 51. For example, the cantilever beam 61 can be rotatably assembled on the side or rear of the top beam 51 by a pin shaft, and the pin shaft used to assemble the cantilever beam 61 can generally extend in the left-right direction. The swing jack 62 is connected between the top beam 51 and the cantilever beam 61 and is used to drive the cantilever beam 61 to swing up and down. For example, one end of the swing jack 62 can be hinged to the top beam 51, and the other end of the swing jack 62 can be hinged to the cantilever beam 61. When in use, the extension and retraction of the swing jack 62 can achieve the upward pushing or downward pulling of the cantilever beam 61, thereby achieving the up and down swing adjustment of the cantilever beam 61.

[0224] The telescopic beam 63 is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam 61, the telescopic jack 64 is connected between the cantilever beam 61 and the telescopic beam 63 and is used to drive the telescopic beam 63 to slide relative to the cantilever beam 61, and the cutter 65 is provided at the free end of the telescopic beam 63 and is used to cut the anchor net.

[0225] For example, the telescopic beam 63 can be slidably assembled in the cantilever beam 61, and the rear end of the cantilever beam 61 can be provided with an opening, and the telescopic beam 63 can extend out of the cantilever beam 61 from the rear opening. One end of the telescopic jack 64 can be hinged to the cantilever beam 61, and the other end of the telescopic jack 64 can be hinged to the telescopic beam 63. When in use, the telescopic beam 63 can be slidably driven by the telescopic jack 64, and the overall length of the cantilever beam 61 and the telescopic beam 63 can be adjusted.

[0226] The cutter 65 may be a blade or the like, and the cutter 65 may be fixed to the free end of the telescopic beam 63. When the telescopic beam 63 is extended under the action of the telescopic jack 64, the cutter 65 may be pressed onto the anchor net, thereby achieving cutting of the anchor net.

[0227] The top breaking device 70 can be connected to the rear of the base 52, such as Fig.25 As shown, the top breaking device 70 includes a column seat 71 , an impact column 72 and a column jack 73 .

[0228] The column seat 71 is connected to the rear of the base 52, the impact column 72 is rotatably assembled on the column seat 71, the column jack 73 is connected between the column seat 71 and the impact column 72 and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack 73, and after the cutter 65 cuts the anchor net, the column jack 73 is used to impact and destroy the top plate.

[0229] For example, the column seat 71 may be a box-shaped structure as a whole and may be assembled by steel plates, etc. The column seat 71 may be hinged at the rear of the base 52. When the base 52 moves, the column seat 71 may also move synchronously with the base 52. The impact column 72 may be provided on the column seat 71 and generally extend upward. The column jack 73 may be provided at the front side of the impact column 72, one end of the column jack 73 may be hinged to the impact column 72, and the other end of the column jack 73 may be hinged to the column seat 71.

[0230] When in use, the impact column 72 can be driven to swing by the extension and retraction of the column jack 73, so as to adjust the impact direction of the impact column 72. It should be noted that when in use, the anchor net can be cut or split by the cutter 65 of the second net breaking device 60, and then the top breaking device 70 can be used to break the top plate.

[0231] The end support of the embodiment of the present invention can realize the mesh breaking and roof breaking operations in the triangular area of ​​the working face, avoiding the large lag in roof collapse and the occurrence of large areas of hanging roof, improving the recovery rate of coal resources, and ensuring the normal recovery and safe production of the working face.

[0232] In some embodiments, the top beam 51 includes a main beam 511 and a sub-beam 512, the sub-beam 512 is assembled on one side of the main beam 511 in the width direction, the cantilever beam 61 is rotatably assembled on the rear end of the sub-beam 512, and the swing jack 62 is arranged on the bottom side of the sub-beam 512 and the cantilever beam 61 and is connected between the sub-beam 512 and the cantilever beam 61.

[0233] For example, Fig.23 and Fig.24 As shown, the sub-beam 512 can be fixed to the left side of the main beam 511. For example, the sub-beam 512 can be fixed to the middle of the left side of the main beam 511 by welding, fastener fixing, etc., and the overall length dimension of the sub-beam 512 in the front-to-back direction is smaller than the length dimension of the main beam 511 in the front-to-back direction.

[0234] The cantilever beam 61 can be pivotally mounted on the rear end of the secondary beam 512, and the swing jack 62 can be hidden under the secondary beam 512 and the cantilever beam 61, so that the secondary beam 512 and the cantilever beam 61 play a protective role, avoiding the situation where gangue and the like fall on the swing jack 62 and easily cause damage. The setting of the secondary beam 512 can make the cantilever beam 61 and the main beam 511 partially overlap in the left and right directions, thereby reducing the overall length of the end bracket, which is conducive to moving the bracket and improving the flexibility of use.

[0235] In some embodiments, a first lug 5121 is provided on the bottom side of the sub-beam 512, a first partition 611 is provided on the cantilever beam 61, a second lug 6111 is provided on the side of the first partition 611 facing the sub-beam 512, one end of the swing jack 62 is rotatably connected to the first lug 5121, and the other end of the swing jack 62 is rotatably connected to the second lug 6111.

[0236] For example, Fig.24 As shown, the first lug 5121 can be fixed on the bottom wall of the auxiliary beam 512, and the first lug 5121 can include two lug plates arranged opposite to each other in the left-right direction, and the outer peripheral side of the first lug 5121 can be structurally reinforced by a triangular rib plate, etc. The bottom side of the cantilever beam 61 can also be open, the first partition plate 611 can be arranged in the cantilever beam 61, and the second lug 6111 can be arranged on the front side of the first partition plate 611, and the second lug 6111 can also include two lug plates arranged opposite to each other in the left-right direction.

[0237] During assembly, the front end of the swing jack 62 can be rotatably assembled in the two ear plates of the first lug 5121 , and the rear end of the swing jack 62 can be rotatably assembled in the two ear plates of the second lug 6111 .

[0238] In some embodiments, Fig.24 As shown, a third lug 6112 is provided on the side of the first partition 611 facing the telescopic beam 63, specifically, the third lug 6112 can be provided on the rear side of the first partition 611, a second partition 631 is provided on the free end of the telescopic beam 63, a fourth lug 6311 is provided on the side of the second partition 631 facing the first partition 611, specifically, the fourth lug 6311 can be provided on the front side of the second partition 631, a front end of the telescopic jack 64 is rotatably connected to the third lug 6112, a rear end of the telescopic jack 64 is rotatably connected to the fourth lug 6311, and a cutter 65 is provided on the side of the second partition 631 away from the fourth lug 6311, that is, the cutter 65 is provided on the rear side of the second partition 631. This facilitates the assembly of the telescopic jack 64.

[0239] In some embodiments, the column seat 71 is connected to the base 52 via a connector 74 , one end of the connector 74 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the base 52 , and the other end of the connector 74 is rotatably connected to the column seat 71 .

[0240] For example, Fig.25 As shown, the connecting member 74 can be a connecting rod 55, etc. The front end of the connecting member 74 can be hinged to the rear end of the base 52, and the rear end of the connecting member 74 can be hinged to the column seat 71. The setting of the connecting member 74 can separate the column seat 71 and the base 52 to avoid contact and interference between the two.

[0241] Optionally, the connecting member 74 may also be a telescopic cylinder or other components, that is, the connecting member 74 as a whole can be telescopically adjusted, so that the front and rear positions of the column seat 71 can be adjusted during use, and further the front and rear positions of the impact cylinder can be adjusted.

[0242] In some embodiments, Fig.26 As shown, the column seat 71 includes a front boss 711 and a rear boss 715 which are arranged relatively to each other in the front-to-back direction. The front boss 711 and the rear boss 715 can be formed by splicing or bending sheet metal, etc. The front boss 711 is located between the base 52 and the rear boss 715, that is, the front boss 711 is located on the front side of the rear boss 715 and is arranged at an interval with the rear boss 715. A groove 716 is limited between the front boss 711 and the rear boss 715. The bottom end of the impact column 72 can be rotatably assembled in the groove 716, and the connecting piece 74 is rotatably connected to the front boss 711.

[0243] The setting of the front boss 711 and the rear boss 715 can, on the one hand, enhance the overall structural strength of the column seat 71, and on the other hand, realize the limit constraint on the front and rear swing stroke of the impact column 72, thereby avoiding the situation where a dead angle is easily caused in the driving of the column jack 73 when the swing amount is too large.

[0244] In some embodiments, Fig.26 As shown, a fifth lug 7111 is provided on the top of the front boss 711, a sixth lug 721 is provided on the side wall of the impact column 72, and the sixth lug 721 can be specifically provided on the front side wall of the impact column 72, one end of the column jack 73 is rotatably connected to the fifth lug 7111, and the other end of the column jack 73 is rotatably connected to the sixth lug 721. Thus, a triangular structure can be formed between the column seat 71, the column jack 73 and the impact column 72, thereby ensuring the overall structural stability.

[0245] In some embodiments, Fig.26 As shown, a seventh lug 7112 may be provided on the front side of the front boss 711 , and a rear end of the connecting member 74 may be hinged at the seventh lug 7112 .

[0246] In some embodiments, Fig.25 and Fig.26 As shown, the column base 71 includes two side plates 712 , a bottom plate 713 and a reinforcing plate 714 .

[0247] The two side plates 712 are arranged opposite to each other in the width direction (left-right direction) of the column seat 71, the front boss 711 and the rear boss 715 are arranged between the two side plates 712, the bottom plate 713 is arranged at the bottom side of the two side plates 712, and the width dimension of the bottom plate 713 is greater than the spacing between the two side plates 712, and the left and right sides of the bottom plate 713 are both beyond the two side plates 712. The reinforcing plate 714 is arranged at the outer side of the side plates 712 and connected between the side plates 712 and the bottom plate 713, thereby fully ensuring the overall structural strength of the column seat 71.

[0248] In some embodiments, Fig.23 As shown, the rear frame 50 also includes a shielding beam 54 and a plurality of connecting rods 55, a plurality of lifting jacks 53 are connected between the top beam and the base, the top end of the shielding beam 54 is rotatably connected to the top beam 51, and the plurality of connecting rods 55 are connected between the shielding beam 54 and the base 52.

[0249] In some embodiments, the end bracket includes a hydraulic system, which is connected to the impact column 72 and is used to drive the impact column 72 to perform an impact action. For example, the hydraulic system includes a power unit, a crushing actuator, a no-load drive circuit, a crushing drive circuit, etc. The impact column 72 can include a normal motion mode and a high-speed motion mode during use. When the impact column 72 is in the normal motion mode, the hydraulic system uses the no-load drive circuit, and when the impact column 72 is in the high-speed motion mode, the hydraulic system uses the crushing drive circuit. In this way, different hydraulic circuits are used to achieve independent drive of different motion modes.

[0250] The mining system of the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0251] The invention proposes a mining system, and the process can realize top coal caving in the entire working face.

[0252] The mining system of the present invention has six types of top coal caving support frames on the working face, and the supports have strong adaptability to the working face and reasonable structure.

[0253] The mining system of the present invention has 6 types of top coal caving support frames on the working face, and the special supports in the end triangle area are reasonably arranged (the arrangement is not repeated here), realizing the multi-functions of roof support, tail coal caving, front and rear scraper conveyor connection, etc.

[0254] In the mining system of the present invention, the last transition support Z1 at the tail of the machine is arranged in the return air lane, which effectively increases the coal placing length of the working face.

[0255] In the mining system of the present invention, the front scraper conveyor head and tail power parts are arranged in parallel, which effectively utilizes the support space below the top beam of the triangular area hydraulic support. The power part is larger, which increases the conveying power of the front scraper conveyor.

[0256] In the mining system of the present invention, the power unit of the rear scraper conveyor head and tail adopts a permanent magnet synchronous frequency conversion speed regulation integrated machine, which has a compact structure and occupies a small space. In the mining system of the present invention, the power unit of the rear scraper conveyor head is arranged in the transport lane and protected by the end bracket; the power unit of the tail is arranged in the return air lane and protected by the last transition bracket at the tail. The layout form is reasonable.

[0257] The mining system of the present invention is suitable for ultra-large mining height working faces with a mining-to-cavity ratio of 1:0.6 to 1:0.8. The amount of coal cut at the front is large and the amount of coal discharged at the rear is small. The improvement of the mining-to-cavity ratio greatly reduces resource waste and improves production efficiency.

[0258] The large gradient transition bracket AZ2-2A and the large gradient transition bracket BZ2-2B have no pulling points on the scraper conveyor trough behind them, which makes rational use of space.

[0259] The mining system of the present invention can recover top coal at the tail of all hydraulic supports in the working face, breaking the structural limitation that the transition hydraulic supports cannot recover top coal, and realizing the top coal caving mining process of the entire working face.

[0260] In the mining system of the present invention, the tail beam plug plate of the head and tail transition bracket is located higher than the middle bracket, which is to adapt to the elevation of the scraper groove of the head and tail sections of the scraper conveyor, and reasonably ensure the safety space and coal placing space.

[0261] In the mining system of the present invention, the tail beam plug plate position of the head and tail transition bracket gradually increases from the middle to the roadway bracket, and the controller program is used for control to ensure the rationality of the tail beam transition of the hydraulic bracket in the triangular area coal caving section.

[0262] The mining system of the present invention has a return air lane of the working face with an end support tail frame ZT2, which adopts a single-piece layout and is connected and moved forward with an advance hydraulic support through a jack and a connecting plate. This layout effectively increases the coal placement length of the working face and effectively ensures the support of the top plate of the return air lane near the goaf.

[0263] In the mining system of the present invention, the third hydraulic supports in the triangular areas at the ends of the two tunnels are respectively provided with retractable side guard plates, realizing the transition of the triangular area from the ultra-large mining high top coal caving working face to the tunnel, and effectively preventing the top coal and gangue of the working face from entering the working face.

[0264] The mining system of the present invention has a working face return air lane with an end support tail frame ZT2 with a compact structure, which cooperates differently from the end hydraulic support ZT1 and the scraper conveyor, has a relatively independent structure, and does not affect the tail structure layout of the scraper conveyor.

[0265] In the mining system of the present invention, anti-collision sensor devices are evenly arranged at the tail of the machine head and the tail transition support to prevent the interference between the power unit of the scraper conveyor and the support during the upward and downward sliding of the working surface, and coal can be placed in the triangular area according to actual needs.

[0266] The mining system of the present invention has a triangular area mine pressure monitoring system arranged at the head and tail transition supports, which can adjust the support posture by real-time monitoring the mine pressure in the triangular area, ensuring that the coal caving process in the triangular area can be carried out within a reasonable mine pressure, thereby improving the safety of coal caving in the entire working face.

Claims

1. A high-mining top coal caving working face recovery system, characterized in that: include: A plurality of middle brackets, wherein the plurality of middle brackets are arranged in sequence along the working surface; A front scraper conveyor and a rear scraper conveyor, wherein the front scraper conveyor comprises a front head power unit and a front tail power unit, both of which are arranged in the working surface, and the rear scraper conveyor comprises a rear head power unit and a rear tail power unit, wherein the rear head power unit is arranged in a transport lane on one side of the working surface, and the rear tail power unit is arranged in a return air lane on the other side of the working surface, and a plurality of the middle brackets are arranged between the front scraper conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor in the front-to-back direction; Two transition frame groups, a plurality of middle brackets are arranged between the two transition frame groups, each of the transition frame groups includes a first transition bracket, a second transition bracket and a large gradient transition bracket arranged in sequence in a direction close to the middle bracket, the first transition bracket, the second transition bracket and the large gradient transition bracket are all connected between the front nose power unit and the rear nose power unit or between the front tail power unit and the rear tail power unit, and the number of the first transition brackets adjacent to the return air channel side is greater than the number of the first transition brackets adjacent to the transport channel side; In the front-to-back direction, the front nose power unit and the front tail power unit are both arranged between the front scraper conveyor and the transition frame group, and the front scraper conveyor is bent in a direction away from the transition frame group at both ends of the extension direction of the working surface; The front scraper conveyor includes two conveying sections respectively located at two ends, each of the conveying sections includes a plurality of scraper grooves, and the angle formed by the plurality of scraper grooves of each conveying section and the working surface gradually increases along the direction away from the middle part.

2. The large-mining-height top-coal caving working face mining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The middle bracket and the transition frame group are connected by a push jack, the middle bracket and the transition frame group are connected by a pull-back jack, and the pull-back jack is not arranged between the large gradient transition bracket and at least one middle bracket adjacent to the large gradient transition bracket and the rear scraper conveyor.

3. The large-mining-height top-coal caving working face mining system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There is only one first transition bracket adjacent to the transport lane, and two first transition brackets adjacent to the return air lane. The first transition bracket located on the outer side of the two first transition brackets adjacent to the return air lane is arranged in the return air lane, and the rear tail power unit is arranged behind the first transition bracket located in the return air lane.

4. The large mining height caving top coal working face recovery system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: include: A transport lane support device, the transport lane support device comprising a transport lane advance support and an end hydraulic support, the end hydraulic support being arranged behind the transport lane advance support, and a transfer machine being arranged between the transport lane advance support and the end hydraulic support, the transfer machine being provided with a crusher, and the crusher being arranged in front of the end hydraulic support; Return air channel support equipment, the return air channel support equipment includes a return air channel advance bracket and an end bracket tail bracket, the number of the return air channel advance bracket is greater than the number of the transport channel advance bracket, the end bracket tail bracket is a single-row bracket and is connected to the rear of the return air channel advance bracket, and a top-lowering device is provided on the inner side of the rear end of the end bracket tail bracket.

5. The large mining height caving top coal working face mining system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The end hydraulic support comprises a plurality of support units, an anchor breaking device and a first net breaking device, wherein the plurality of support units are sequentially connected in a direction from front to back, the anchor breaking device is mounted on the top beam of the support unit at the front end, and the first net breaking device is arranged on the shielding beam of the support unit at the rear end; The anchor breaking device comprises a swing arm, a first drive, a front bracket, a second drive, a tool holder, a third drive and an execution device; The swing arm is rotatably assembled with the top beam, the first drive is connected between the swing arm and the top beam and is used to drive the swing arm to swing horizontally, the front bracket is rotatably assembled with the top beam, the second drive is connected between the front bracket and the swing arm and is used to drive the front bracket to swing in pitch, the tool holder is slidably assembled with the front bracket, the third drive is connected between the tool holder and the front bracket and is used to drive the tool holder to slide, and the actuator is assembled on the tool holder and is used to shear the anchor; The first mesh breaking device comprises a fixing device, a rotating device, a rotating drive, a cutter device and a telescopic drive; The fixing device is embedded in the shield beam, the rotary drive is connected between the fixing device and the rotary device and is used to drive the rotary device to swing relative to the fixing device, the tool device is rotatably assembled on the rotary device and includes an executing tool, the telescopic drive is connected between the tool device and the rotary device and is used to drive the tool device to swing relative to the rotary device, and the executing tool is used to cut the anchor net by the swing of the rotary device and / or the telescopic drive.

6. The large-mining-height top-coal caving working face mining system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The swing arms are provided with two, and the two swing arms are symmetrically arranged in the width direction of the top beam, and each of the swing arms comprises: A rotating drum, wherein a sway pin is provided at the bottom of the top beam, and the rotating drum is rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral side of the sway pin; A rear bracket and a connecting rod, wherein the front end of the rear bracket is rotatably connected to the front bracket, the rear end of the rear bracket is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first drive, and the length of the rear bracket is greater than the length of the connecting rod; The extension direction of the rear bracket and the extension direction of the connecting rod form an obtuse angle, the angle formed by the rear bracket and the connecting rod of each swing arm protrudes toward the outside of the top beam, and the connection between the connecting rod and the first drive is located on the inner side of the rotating drum; The swing arm can swing between a first extreme position and a second extreme position. In the first extreme position, the rear bracket extends along the front-to-back direction, and the first drive and the connecting rod form an angle a. In the second extreme position, the rear bracket swings outward from the top beam, and the first drive and the connecting rod form an angle b, and the angle a is greater than the angle b.

7. The large-mining-height top-coal caving working face mining system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The end bracket tail frame includes a rear frame body, a second mesh breaking device and a top breaking device, and the rear frame body includes a top beam and a base; The second mesh breaking device comprises a cantilever beam, a swing jack, a telescopic beam, a telescopic jack and a cutter; The cantilever beam is rotatably connected to the top beam, the swing jack is connected between the top beam and the cantilever beam and is used to drive the cantilever beam to swing up and down, the telescopic beam is slidably mounted on the cantilever beam, the telescopic jack is connected between the cantilever beam and the telescopic beam and is used to drive the telescopic beam to slide relative to the cantilever beam, and the cutter is provided at the free end of the telescopic beam and is used to cut the anchor net; The top breaking device includes a column seat, an impact column and a column jack; The column seat is connected to the rear of the base, the impact column is rotatably assembled on the column seat, the column jack is connected between the column seat and the impact column and is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack, and after the cutter cuts the anchor net, the column jack is used to impact and destroy the top plate.

8. The large-mining-height top-coal caving working face mining system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The front nose power unit and the front tail power unit are both arranged to extend along the extension direction of the working surface; And / or, the middle bracket, the first transition bracket, the second transition bracket, and the large gradient transition bracket all include a tail beam plug plate, and the tail beam plug plates of the middle bracket, the large gradient transition bracket, the second transition bracket, and the first transition bracket gradually increase in height in a direction away from the middle bracket; And / or, the transition frame group is provided with an anti-collision sensor device and / or a mine pressure monitoring system, the anti-collision sensor device is used to implement a collision monitor to prevent the front scraper conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor from interfering with the transition frame group, and the mine pressure monitoring system is used to monitor the mine pressure in the end triangle area to guide the posture adjustment of the transition frame group and the coal placing operation; And / or, the transition frame group is a delayed support, and the middle support is a timely support.

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