Fuel cell gas supply system and gas supply method
By introducing safety valves and purge exhaust pipes into the fuel cell gas supply system, the problem of uneven gas supply pipeline layout in high-power fuel cells was solved, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of fuel cell stack performance testing.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411350251.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
In high-power fuel cell systems, uneven gas supply pipeline layout can lead to inaccurate stack performance testing and pose safety hazards.
Design a fuel cell gas supply system, including a gas supply subsystem and a purging subsystem. Control the inlet gas pressure through a safety valve, set up purging and exhaust pipelines to ensure the gas supply uniformity of each stack, and perform purging before and after testing to remove residual gas.
This improves the accuracy and safety of fuel cell testing, ensures uniform air intake for each stack, avoids the impact of front-end piping layout on stack performance, and enhances testing reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN119297329A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically relates to a fuel cell gas supply system and gas supply method. Background Art
[0002] With the increasing concern about environmental issues, fuel cells, as an efficient clean energy conversion technology, are becoming increasingly important. In the commercialization process of fuel cells, the performance testing of the stack has become a key link. As the core part of the fuel cell system, the reliability and efficiency of mass production testing of the stack are crucial to the development of the entire industry chain.
[0003] In the development of small and medium-power multi-stack fuel cells, a single stack can usually meet the requirements. For stacks of this size, due to the small intake volume and fewer connecting pipelines, one air, hydrogen, and nitrogen pipeline can meet the requirements. The layout of the front-end intake pipeline has a relatively small impact on the performance of the stack, so the design and manufacturing process is relatively simple. But for megawatt-level and super-high-power stacks, the situation is completely different, and multiple single stacks are required in parallel. Because these stacks need to handle larger intake volumes and more connecting pipelines, each single stack requires a hydrogen and air pipeline, and the nitrogen pipeline can be shared. The pipeline is relatively complex and cannot guarantee the uniformity of the distribution of the intake pipeline of each stack, so the front-end pipeline layout has a greater impact on the performance of the stack. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that the current layout of the gas supply pipeline of a high-power fuel cell stack will affect the fuel cell stack performance test, the present application provides a fuel cell gas supply system and a gas supply method.
[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a fuel cell gas supply system is provided, comprising:
[0006] at least one gas supply subsystem, the gas supply subsystem comprising a gas supply source and a gas supply pipeline connected to the gas supply source, the gas supply pipeline being provided with a safety valve, the safety valve being provided with an inlet connected to the gas supply source, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet being connected to an air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the second outlet being connected to the outside;
[0007] The purge subsystem includes a purge gas source and a purge pipeline and an exhaust pipeline connected to the purge gas source. The other end of the purge pipeline is connected to the air supply pipeline, and the connection point is located upstream of the safety valve. The other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve and is connected to the outside.
[0008] In some embodiments, the exhaust pipeline is provided with a first valve, a pulse valve and a first check valve which are connected in sequence;
[0009] The other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve and is located downstream of the first one-way valve.
[0010] In some embodiments, the purge line is provided with a second valve and a second one-way valve in communication;
[0011] A third one-way valve and a third valve are connected between the gas supply source and the gas supply pipeline.
[0012] In some embodiments, downstream of the connection point between the gas supply pipeline and the purge pipeline, the gas supply pipeline is further provided with a pressure reducing valve, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter, the safety valve and a fourth valve which are connected in sequence;
[0013] A fourth one-way valve is connected between the second outlet of the safety valve and the exhaust pipeline.
[0014] In some embodiments, the fuel cell gas supply system is applied to a fuel cell comprising a plurality of fuel cell stacks, and the number of the gas supply subsystems is the same as the number of the fuel cell stacks;
[0015] The fuel cell gas supply system further includes a self-compensating pipe. The self-compensating pipe in the air subsystem is communicated with the gas supply pipeline and is connected in parallel to the inlet of the safety valve.
[0016] In some embodiments, the self-compensating pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe through a pipeline, and the connection point is located downstream of the first one-way valve; the pipeline connecting the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipe is provided with a fifth valve and a fifth one-way valve connected in sequence.
[0017] In some embodiments, the pipe body of the pipeline of the fuel cell gas supply system includes a soft pipe and a hard pipe.
[0018] A second aspect of the present application provides a gas supply method based on the above-mentioned fuel cell gas supply system, characterized in that it includes the following steps:
[0019] In response to a test simulation stack startup signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, and the purge pipeline is opened, so that the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the interior of the stack;
[0020] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed, the gas supply source is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source enters the fuel cell stack through the first outlet of the safety valve, and the fuel cell stack starts to work; during the operation of the fuel cell stack, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve;
[0021] In response to a test simulation stack shutdown signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, and the purge pipeline is opened, so that the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the interior of the stack;
[0022] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed.
[0023] In some embodiments, when the fuel cell gas supply system further includes a pulse valve, a portion of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve, specifically including:
[0024] A portion of the reaction gas is discharged to the exhaust pipeline through the second outlet of the safety valve, and the pulse valve is opened regularly to discharge the gas in the exhaust pipeline.
[0025] In some embodiments, when the fuel cell gas supply system further includes a self-compensating tube, the gas supply method includes the following steps:
[0026] In response to a test simulation stack startup signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, the purge pipeline and the pipeline connecting the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline are opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the inside of the stack; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source is purged and discharged through the purge pipeline, the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline;
[0027] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed, the gas supply source is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source enters the fuel cell stack through the first outlet of the safety valve, and the fuel cell stack starts to work; during the operation of the fuel cell stack, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve;
[0028] In response to a test simulation stack shutdown signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, the purge pipeline and the pipeline connecting the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline are opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the inside of the stack; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source is purged and discharged through the purge pipeline, the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline;
[0029] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline, the self-compensation pipe and the exhaust pipeline are closed.
[0030] According to one or more embodiments of the present application, a fuel cell gas supply system and a gas supply method are provided, the fuel cell gas supply system includes: a purge subsystem and at least one gas supply subsystem, the gas supply subsystem includes a gas supply source and a gas supply pipeline connected to the gas supply source, a safety valve is provided on the gas supply pipeline, the safety valve is provided with an inlet connected to the gas supply source, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the second outlet is connected to the outside world; the purge subsystem includes a purge gas source and a purge pipeline and an exhaust pipeline both connected to the purge gas source, the other end of the purge pipeline is connected to the gas supply pipeline, and the connection point is located upstream of the safety valve, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the outside world.
[0031] This application provides at least one gas supply subsystem. In the case of a single fuel cell stack, only one gas supply subsystem may be needed. In the case of multiple fuel cells, gas supply subsystems equal to the number of fuel cells can be provided. Multiple gas supply subsystems can meet the requirements of hydrogen and air pipeline layout of multiple fuel cell stacks. By setting a safety valve on the gas supply pipeline, the gas supply source entering the stack can be discharged to the outside when the pressure is too high, avoiding the influence of excessive pressure on the gas inlet of the stack. The pressure of the gas inlet of the stack can be controlled by the safety valve, improving the uniformity of gas supply to each stack and avoiding the influence of the gas stack performance test due to the layout of the front-end pipeline.
[0032] In addition, in response to the test simulation stack startup signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, the purge pipeline is opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the inside of the stack; after the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed, the gas supply source is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source enters the stack through the first outlet of the safety valve, and the stack starts to work; during the operation of the stack, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve; in response to the test simulation stack shutdown signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, the purge pipeline is opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the inside of the stack; after the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed. The present application can connect the gas supply subsystems of multiple stacks, and can perform a variety of tests on fuel cells. While improving the uniformity of the corresponding air inlet of each stack into the stack, the performance of each stack is guaranteed, and the accuracy of the test is further improved. At the same time, purging is performed before and after the fuel cell electrical test to prevent residual gas from remaining in the stack, thereby improving the safety of the stack test. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell gas supply system in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.
[0034] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the gas supply system structure of multiple fuel cell stacks.
[0035] Figure 3 Shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas supply subsystem of fuel cell stack a.
[0036] Figure 4 Shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas supply subsystem of fuel cell stack b.
[0037] Figure 5 Shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas supply subsystem of the fuel cell stack c.
[0038] Figure 6 Shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas supply subsystem of fuel cell stack d.
[0039] Figure 7 Shows Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas supply subsystem of the fuel cell stack e.
[0040] Explanation of the reference numerals: 100 - gas supply system, 110 - gas supply subsystem, 111 - gas supply source, 112 - gas supply pipeline, 1121 - pressure reducing valve, 1122 - flow regulating valve, 1123 - flow meter, 1124 - safety valve, 1125 - fourth valve, 113 - third one-way valve, 114 - third valve, 115 - fourth one-way valve, 120 - purge subsystem, 121 - purge gas source, 122 - purge pipeline, 1221 - second valve, 1222 - second one-way valve, 123 - exhaust pipeline, 1231 - first valve, 1232 - pulse valve, 1233 - first one-way valve; 130 - self-compensating tube; 131 - fifth valve, 132 - fifth one-way valve; 200 - fuel cell stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0041] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0042] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2In a first aspect of the present application, an embodiment provides a fuel cell gas supply system, wherein the fuel cell gas supply system 100 includes a purge subsystem 120 and at least one gas supply subsystem 110, wherein the gas supply subsystem 110 includes a gas supply source 111 and a gas supply pipeline 112 connected to the gas supply source 111, and a safety valve 1124 is provided on the gas supply pipeline 112, wherein the safety valve 1124 is provided with an inlet connected to the gas supply source 111, a first outlet and a second outlet, wherein the first outlet is connected to an air inlet of a fuel cell stack 200, and the second outlet is connected to the outside; the purge subsystem 120 includes a purge gas source 121 and a purge pipeline 122 and an exhaust pipeline 123 both connected to the purge gas source 121, wherein the other end of the purge pipeline 122 is connected to the gas supply pipeline 112, and the connection point is located upstream of the safety valve 1124, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline 123 is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 and to the outside.
[0043] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the gas supply subsystem 110 includes an air subsystem and a hydrogen subsystem, the air subsystem is used to provide an oxidizing medium for the fuel cell, and the hydrogen subsystem is used to provide a fuel medium for the fuel cell. The gas supply subsystem 110 includes a gas supply source 111 and a gas supply pipeline 112, and the gas supply pipeline 112 is connected to the gas supply source 111, and is used to provide a fuel medium or an oxidizing medium for the fuel cell. Before entering the air inlet of the fuel cell stack 200, a safety valve 1124 is provided on the gas supply pipeline 112, which can ensure the stability of the pressure entering the fuel cell inlet, and the safety valve 1124 can send the gas that meets the requirements into the air inlet of the stack 200 through the first outlet, and the safety valve 1124 can discharge the excess gas through the second outlet to ensure that the intake pressure of the fuel cell meets the requirements, thereby ensuring the performance of the fuel cell stack 200. In some embodiments, the gas supply end of the gas supply source 111 after the first stage of decompression, filtration, and impurity removal is connected to the pipeline of the embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, there may be multiple gas supply ends or only one gas supply end, which is determined by the rear-end pressure reducing valve 1121 and the flow regulating valve 1122 .
[0044] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, the purge gas source 121 in the purge subsystem 120 can be nitrogen or an inert gas. By connecting the purge pipeline 122 with the gas supply pipeline 112, the gas supply pipeline 112 can be purged before responding to the test simulation stack 200 startup signal, and the gas supply pipeline 112 and the residual gas inside the stack 200 can be purged. The tail exhaust can discharge the residual gas inside the stack 200, thereby improving the safety of the stack 200 during testing. After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 is closed, and the gas supply source 111 is opened. The reaction gas provided by the gas supply source 111 enters the stack 200 through the first outlet of the safety valve 1124, and the stack 200 starts to work. When the stack 200 is working, If the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve 1124, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 to ensure that the pressure of the gas entering the stack meets the requirement, thereby improving the uniformity of the air or hydrogen of each fuel cell stack 200 entering the corresponding air inlet of the fuel cell stack 200, and various tests of the fuel cell can be performed, further improving the accuracy of the test; in response to the shutdown signal of the test simulation fuel cell 200, the purge gas of the purge gas source 121 purges the gas supply line 112, and purges the residual gas in the gas supply line 112 and the fuel cell stack 200 to avoid residual mixed gas in the fuel cell stack 200 after shutdown, thereby improving the safety performance of the fuel cell stack 200 test.
[0045] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the exhaust line 123 is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 and then discharged to the atmosphere. The gas at the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 can be purged with nitrogen by opening the exhaust line 123 and then discharged to the atmosphere through the exhaust line 123. Since the gas at the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 may be hydrogen, it may be dangerous if the gas at the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 is directly discharged to the atmosphere. Therefore, the exhaust line 123 is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 and then discharged to the atmosphere, which improves safety.
[0046] The gas supply subsystem 110 of the present application may be single or multiple, that is, it can meet the needs of a single stack or multiple stacks of fuel cells.
[0047] Therefore, the present application can meet the hydrogen and air pipeline layout requirements of multiple fuel cell stacks by providing multiple gas supply subsystems 110. By setting a safety valve 1124 on the gas supply pipeline 112, the gas can be discharged to the outside when the pressure of the gas supply source 111 entering the stack is too high, thereby improving the uniformity of the air or hydrogen of each fuel cell stack 200 entering the corresponding air inlet of the fuel cell stack 200, and can perform various tests on the fuel cell, further improving the accuracy of the test; at the same time, in response to the test simulation fuel cell 200 startup signal and in response to the test simulation fuel cell 200 shutdown signal, the purge gas of the purge gas source 121 purges the gas supply pipeline 112, purges the residual gas in the gas supply pipeline 112 and the fuel cell stack 200, avoids residual mixed gas in the fuel cell stack 200 before startup or after shutdown, and improves the safety performance of the fuel cell stack 200 test. The present application can connect the gas supply subsystems 110 of multiple stacks, thereby improving the uniformity of gas entering the fuel cell stack 200 and at the same time improving the safety of the fuel cell stack 200 test.
[0048] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the exhaust pipeline 123 is provided with a first valve 1231, a pulse valve 1232 and a first one-way valve 1233 which are connected in sequence, and the other end of the exhaust pipeline 123 is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 and is located downstream of the first one-way valve 1233. The first valve 1231 can be a manual valve or an electric valve; the pulse valve 1232 can be opened in time periods, and the excess gas at the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 can be accumulated in the pipeline first, and then the pulse valve 1232 can be opened in time periods to purge the excess gas at the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 with nitrogen, so that it can be discharged through the exhaust pipeline 123, avoiding long-term nitrogen purging, reducing resource waste, and at the same time, the excess gas can be discharged through the exhaust pipeline 123, improving safety; the first check valve 1233 ensures that the gas flows in one direction along the exhaust pipeline 123, and prevents the gas from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, the gas of the purge gas source 121 can be discharged to the atmosphere through the first valve 1231, the pulse valve 1232 and the first check valve 1233. Therefore, the pulse valve 1232 can be opened in time periods to purge the gas leaking from the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 to the exhaust pipeline 123, avoiding gas accumulation in the pipeline. The gas from the purge gas source 121 passes through the first valve 1231, the pulse valve 1232 and the first check valve 1233, and then discharges the gas leakage from the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 to the atmosphere. The pulse valve 1232 is opened periodically to purge the leakage gas from the second outlet of the safety valve 1124.
[0049] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the purge pipeline 122 is provided with a second valve 1221 and a second one-way valve 1222 that are connected. The second valve 1221 can be a manual valve or an electric valve. The second one-way valve 1222 allows gas to flow in one direction along the exhaust pipeline 123, and prevents gas from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, the gas in the purge gas source 121 can flow into the gas supply pipeline 112 through the purge pipeline 122, and the gas in the gas supply pipeline 112 cannot flow back into the purge pipeline 122, thereby ensuring the one-way flow of gas.
[0050] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a third one-way valve 113 and a third valve 114 are connected between the gas supply source 111 and the gas supply pipeline 112. The third one-way valve 113 ensures that the gas flows in one direction along the exhaust pipeline 123, and prevents the gas from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, it ensures that the gas of the gas supply source 111 can only flow into the gas supply pipeline 112, and cannot flow back from the gas supply pipeline 112 into the gas supply source 111, so as to avoid the gas in the gas supply pipeline 112 from flowing back into the gas supply source 111 when the pressure of the gas supply source 111 is too low. The third valve 114 can be a manual valve or an electric valve. When it is necessary to introduce air or hydrogen into the gas supply pipeline 112, the third one-way valve 113 and the third valve 114 can be opened to ensure that the gas of the gas supply source 111 flows smoothly from the gas supply source 111 into the gas supply pipeline 112.
[0051] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, downstream of the connection between the gas supply pipeline 112 and the purge pipeline 122, the gas supply pipeline 112 is also provided with a pressure reducing valve 1121, a flow regulating valve 1122, a flow meter 1123, a safety valve 1124 and a fourth valve 1125 which are connected in sequence; the pressure reducing valve 1121 can reduce the gas pressure in the pipeline to ensure the stability of the gas pressure in the pipeline, and the pressure reducing valve 1121 is provided with a display, through which the gas pressure in the pipeline can be determined, and then the gas pressure in the pipeline can be adjusted by the pressure reducing valve 1121 to ensure that the gas pressure in the pipeline meets the pressure requirement of the gas in the pipeline. The flow regulating valve 1122 can control the flow of the gas by adjusting the opening of the flow regulating valve 1122 to meet the specific requirements of the system for the flow, and the flow meter 1123 can measure the speed and flow of the fluid flowing in the pipeline, thereby realizing accurate control and monitoring of the fluid system. The safety valve 1124 is an automatic valve. When the pressure of the gas supply line 112 entering the gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 200 exceeds the set safety value, the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 automatically opens to release the pressure to prevent the danger caused by excessive gas pressure, thereby protecting the safety of the gas supply line 112 and the fuel cell. When the pressure of the gas supply line 112 drops to a safe level, the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 will automatically close to prevent the medium from continuing to be discharged, ensuring that the gas in the gas supply line 112 can enter the gas inlet of the fuel cell stack 200 at an appropriate pressure.
[0052] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in other embodiments, a fourth one-way valve 115 is connected between the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 and the exhaust pipeline 123. The fourth one-way valve 115 ensures that the gas flows in one direction along the exhaust pipeline 123 and prevents the gas from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, it ensures that the gas at the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 can only flow into the exhaust pipeline 123, and cannot flow back from the exhaust pipeline 123 into the safety valve 1124, thereby ensuring the safety of the entire pipeline.
[0053] In some embodiments, the fuel cell gas supply system 100 is applied to a fuel cell comprising multiple fuel cell stacks 200, and the number of gas supply subsystems 110 is the same as the number of fuel cell stacks 200. The gas supply subsystem 110 includes an air subsystem and a hydrogen subsystem. For example, if there are 5 fuel cell stacks 200, there are 5 gas supply subsystems 110, and the 5 gas supply subsystems 110 include 5 air subsystems and 5 hydrogen subsystems.
[0054] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, in other embodiments, the fuel cell gas supply system 100 further includes a self-compensating pipe 130, and the self-compensating pipe 130 in the air subsystem is connected to the gas supply pipeline 112 and connected in parallel to the inlet of the safety valve 1124. In some embodiments, the self-compensating pipe 130 of the air subsystem can connect the gas supply pipeline 112 in each stack 200 in the air subsystem at the inlet of the safety valve 1124. For example, if five stacks 200 are connected in parallel, the self-compensating pipe 130 is connected to the gas supply pipelines 112 of the five hydrogen subsystems. It is further ensured that the pressure of the gas supply pipeline 112 of each hydrogen subsystem is equal before entering the stack, and the flow of each single stack is automatically compensated. Before entering the stack, some of the gas supply pipelines 112 may have slightly higher pressures and some of the gas supply pipelines 112 may have slightly lower pressures. By connecting the self-compensating pipe 130 to the gas supply pipelines 112 of the five hydrogen subsystems, the gas in the gas supply pipeline 112 with slightly higher pressure will automatically flow into the gas supply pipeline 112 with slightly lower pressure, thereby automatically compensating for the air intake flow of each single stack, and to a certain extent fine-tuning the pressure before entering the stack, ensuring that the pressures of the gas supply pipelines 112 of each hydrogen subsystem are equal before entering the stack.
[0055] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the self-compensating tube 130 is connected to the other end of the exhaust pipeline 123 through a pipeline, and the pipeline connecting the self-compensating tube 130 and the other end of the exhaust pipeline 123 is provided with a fifth valve 131 and a fifth one-way valve 132 which are connected in sequence. Since during the operation of the stack 200, the gas will circulate in the self-compensating tube 130 for compensation, after the operation of the stack 200 is completed, the self-compensating tube 130 needs to be purged to avoid residual gas in the self-compensating tube 130, which affects the subsequent operation of the stack 200. In some embodiments, the fifth valve 131 can be a manual valve or an electric valve; the fifth one-way valve 132 ensures that during the purging process, the gas flows in one direction from the self-compensating tube 130 along the exhaust pipeline 123, and prevents the gas from flowing in the opposite direction, that is, it ensures that the gas connected between the self-compensating tube 130 and the exhaust pipeline 123 can only flow into the exhaust pipeline 123, and cannot flow back from the exhaust pipeline 123 into the self-compensating tube 130. The gas in the self-compensating tube 130 is discharged in time before the fuel cell stack 200 works or is shut down.
[0056] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the pipe body of the fuel cell gas supply system 100 includes a hose and a hard pipe. For example, in the gas supply pipeline 112 of the multi-fuel stack 200, the pipe body downstream of the pressure reducing valve 1121 is a hard pipe, and the length and turning angle of the pipe body downstream of the corresponding pressure reducing valve 1121 of each gas supply subsystem 110 are the same, ensuring that the pressure of each gas supply subsystem 110 after decompression will not change significantly. If a hose is used, the pressure after decompression may change according to the change of the position of the hose, thereby failing to ensure the pressure before entering the stack.
[0057] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in other embodiments, a hose can be used upstream of the connection point where the purge line 122 is connected to the gas supply line 112. The connection between the purge line 122 and the gas supply line 112 is mainly used for purging, and changes in pressure and flow rate are not considered. A hose is used upstream of the connection point where the purge line 122 is connected to the gas supply line 112 to facilitate the connection of more pipelines. In addition, the connection of the hose needs to ensure that the connection between the pipelines is not knotted. Ensure the smoothness of the pipeline connection.
[0058] In other embodiments, the pipe body downstream of the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 is a hard pipe. The second outlet of the safety valve 1124 is mainly used for discharge. The pipe body downstream of the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 is a hard pipe to avoid changes in the gas pressure of the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 that affects the discharge of the leakage gas.
[0059] In a second aspect of the present application, a gas supply method based on the above-mentioned fuel cell gas supply system 100 is provided, comprising the following steps:
[0060] In response to the test simulation stack 200 startup signal, the exhaust pipeline 123 and the gas supply source 111 are closed, and the purge pipeline 122 is opened. The purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 enters the stack 200 through the purge pipeline 122 and the gas supply pipeline 112 to purge the interior of the stack 200.
[0061] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 is closed, the gas supply source 111 is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source 111 enters the fuel cell stack 200 through the first outlet of the safety valve 1124, and the fuel cell stack 200 starts to work; during the operation of the fuel cell stack 200, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve 1124, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve 1124;
[0062] When the system also includes a pulse valve 1232, a portion of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve 1124, specifically including: a portion of the reaction gas is discharged to the exhaust pipe 123 through the second outlet of the safety valve 1124, and the pulse valve 1232 is opened periodically to discharge the gas in the exhaust pipe 123.
[0063] In response to the shutdown signal of the test simulation fuel cell stack 200, the exhaust line 123 and the gas supply source 111 are closed, and the purge line 122 is opened. The purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 enters the fuel cell stack 200 through the purge line 122 and the gas supply line 112 to purge the interior of the fuel cell stack 200.
[0064] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 is closed.
[0065] In some embodiments, the gas supply method comprises the following steps:
[0066] In response to the test simulation stack 200 start-up signal, the exhaust pipeline 123 and the gas supply source 111 are closed, the purge pipeline 122 and the pipeline connected to the exhaust pipeline 123 by the self-compensating tube 130 are opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 enters the stack 200 through the purge pipeline 122 and the gas supply pipeline 112 to purge the inside of the stack 200; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 is blown through the purge pipeline 122, the self-compensating tube 130 and the exhaust pipeline 123 and discharged.
[0067] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 is closed, the gas supply source 111 is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source 111 enters the fuel cell stack 200 through the first outlet of the safety valve 1124, and the fuel cell stack 200 starts to work; during the operation of the fuel cell stack 200, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve 1124, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve 1124;
[0068] In response to the shutdown signal of the test simulation stack 200, the exhaust pipeline 123 and the gas supply source 111 are closed, the purge pipeline 122 and the pipeline connected to the exhaust pipeline 123 from the compensation pipe 130 are opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 enters the stack 200 through the purge pipeline 122 and the gas supply pipeline 112 to purge the inside of the stack 200; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 is purged and discharged through the purge pipeline 122, the compensation pipe 130 and the exhaust pipeline 123;
[0069] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 , the self-compensation pipe 130 and the exhaust pipeline 123 are closed.
[0070] As attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 5 , Attachment Figure 6 and attached Figure 7As shown, this embodiment uses five single-stack high-power fuel cell stacks 200, namely single stack a, single stack b, single stack c, single stack d and single stack e. The hydrogen subsystem and the purge gas source 121 in the gas supply subsystem 110 are nitrogen gas for example. The air subsystem is the same as the hydrogen subsystem. Since the air and hydrogen pipelines have similar gas supply principles, only the hydrogen subsystem is used as an example for explanation. The air supply pipeline 112, the purge pipeline 122 and the exhaust pipeline 123 have all been considered for sealing, and all the one-way valves are normally open, that is, the first one-way valve 1233, the second one-way valve 1222, the third one-way valve 113, the fourth one-way valve 115 and the sixth one-way valve are all normally open.
[0071] During the test, the specific steps of the battery stack 200 before starting, during operation, and after shutting down are as follows:
[0072] In response to the test simulation stack 200 startup signal, the exhaust pipeline 123 and the gas supply source 111 are closed, and the purge pipeline 122 is opened. The purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 enters the stack 200 through the purge pipeline 122 and the gas supply pipeline 112 to purge the inside of the stack 200; that is, the third valve a114, the third valve b114, the third valve c114, the third valve d114 and the third valve e114 of each gas supply pipeline 112 connected to the gas supply source 111 upstream are closed in sequence, and the third valve a114, the third valve b114, the third valve c114, the third valve d114 and the third valve e114 of the exhaust pipeline 123 are closed. A valve 1231 is used to open the second valve a1221, the second valve b1221, the second valve c1221, the second valve d1221 and the second valve e1221 of the purge pipeline 122, the fifth valve 131 of the self-compensating pipe 130 connected to the exhaust pipeline 123 is moderately opened, the fourth valve a1125, the fourth valve b1125, the fourth valve c1125, the fourth valve d1125 and the fourth valve e1125 before entering the stack, and then the gas supply pipeline 112 system and the fuel cell stack 200 are purged.
[0073] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 is closed, the gas supply source 111 is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source 111 enters the fuel cell stack 200 through the first outlet of the safety valve 1124, and the fuel cell stack 200 starts to work; if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve 1124 during the operation of the fuel cell stack 200, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve 1124; after the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122 is closed to connect to the second valve a1221, the second valve b1221, the second valve c1221, the second valve d1221 and the second valve e1221 of each gas supply pipeline 112. The fifth valve 131 of the self-compensating pipe 130 is closed, and the first valve 1231 upstream of the pulse valve 1232 of the exhaust pipeline 123 is opened. Open the third valve a114, the third valve b114, the third valve c114, the third valve d114 and the third valve e114 of the upstream continuous gas source 111 of each gas supply pipeline 112, open the fourth valve a1125, the fourth valve b1125, the fourth valve c1125, the fourth valve d1125 and the fourth valve e1125 before each single stack enters the stack, adjust the pressure reducing valve 1121 and the flow valve of each gas supply pipeline 112, so that the reading of the pressure reducing valve 1121 and the reading of the flow meter 1123 are the same, so as to ensure that the hydrogen pressure and flow rate of each gas supply pipeline 112 are the same before entering the stack. The pulse valve 1232 of the gas supply pipeline 112 is opened in time periods to purge the hydrogen leaked from the second outlet of the safety valve 1124 of the gas supply pipeline 112 to the exhaust pipeline 123.
[0074] In response to the shutdown signal of the test simulation fuel cell stack 200, the exhaust pipeline 123 and the gas supply source 111 are closed, and the purge pipeline 122 and the pipeline connecting the self-compensating tube 130 with the outside are opened. The purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 enters the fuel cell stack 200 through the purge pipeline 122 and the gas supply pipeline 112 to purge the inside of the fuel cell stack 200; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source 121 is purged and discharged through the purge pipeline 122 and the self-compensating tube 130. Close the third valve a114, the third valve b114, the third valve c114, the third valve d114 and the third valve e114 of each gas supply pipeline 112 connected to the gas supply source 111 upstream in sequence, close the first valve 1231 of the exhaust pipeline 123, open the second valve a1221, the second valve b1221, the second valve c1221, the second valve d1221 and the second valve e1221 of the purge pipeline 122, moderately open the fifth valve 131 of the self-compensating pipe 130 connected to the exhaust pipeline 123, open the fourth valve a1125, the fourth valve b1125, the fourth valve c1125, the fourth valve d1125 and the fourth valve e1125 before entering the stack, and then purge the gas supply pipeline 112 system and the fuel cell stack 200.
[0075] After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline 122, the self-compensating pipe 130 and the exhaust pipeline 123 are closed, that is, the second valve a1221, the second valve b1221, the second valve c1221, the second valve d1221 and the second valve e1221 of the purge pipeline 122 are closed, the fifth valve 131 connecting the self-compensating pipe 130 to the exhaust pipeline 123 is closed, and the fourth valve a1125, the fourth valve b1125, the fourth valve c1125, the fourth valve d1125 and the fourth valve e1125 before entering the stack are closed.
[0076] In addition, the gas supply pipeline 112 and the gas supply method in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to the test of the fuel cell. If back pressure is required in the test, a back pressure valve can be added to the rear pipeline of the outlet of the stack 200. The test bench can consider the adjustment of gas humidification, excess coefficient, etc. This application will not be described in detail.
[0077] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0078] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0079] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0080] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0081] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A fuel cell gas supply system, characterized in that: include: at least one gas supply subsystem, the gas supply subsystem comprising a gas supply source and a gas supply pipeline connected to the gas supply source, the gas supply pipeline being provided with a safety valve, the safety valve being provided with an inlet connected to the gas supply source, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet being connected to an air inlet of the fuel cell stack, and the second outlet being connected to the outside; The purge subsystem includes a purge gas source and a purge pipeline and an exhaust pipeline connected to the purge gas source. The other end of the purge pipeline is connected to the air supply pipeline, and the connection point is located upstream of the safety valve. The other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve and is connected to the outside.
2. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipeline is provided with a first valve, a pulse valve and a first check valve which are connected in sequence; The other end of the exhaust pipeline is connected to the second outlet of the safety valve and is located downstream of the first one-way valve.
3. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The purge pipeline is provided with a second valve and a second one-way valve in communication; A third one-way valve and a third valve are connected between the gas supply source and the gas supply pipeline.
4. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Downstream of the connection point between the air supply pipeline and the purge pipeline, the air supply pipeline is further provided with a pressure reducing valve, a flow regulating valve, a flow meter, the safety valve and a fourth valve which are connected in sequence; A fourth one-way valve is connected between the second outlet of the safety valve and the exhaust pipeline.
5. The fuel cell gas supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The fuel cell gas supply system is applied to a fuel cell comprising a plurality of fuel cell stacks, and the number of the gas supply subsystems is the same as the number of the fuel cell stacks; The fuel cell gas supply system further includes a self-compensating pipe. The self-compensating pipe in the air subsystem is communicated with the gas supply pipeline and is connected in parallel to the inlet of the safety valve.
6. The fuel cell gas supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-compensating pipe is connected to the exhaust pipeline through a pipeline, and the connection point is located downstream of the first one-way valve; the pipeline connecting the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline is provided with a fifth valve and a fifth one-way valve connected in sequence.
7. The fuel cell gas supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pipe body of the pipeline of the fuel cell gas supply system includes a soft pipe and a hard pipe.
8. A gas supply method for a fuel cell gas supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: In response to a test simulation stack startup signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, and the purge pipeline is opened, so that the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the interior of the stack; After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed, the gas supply source is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source enters the fuel cell stack through the first outlet of the safety valve, and the fuel cell stack starts to work; during the operation of the fuel cell stack, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve; In response to a test simulation stack shutdown signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, and the purge pipeline is opened, so that the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the interior of the stack; After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed.
9. The fuel cell gas supply method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the case where the fuel cell gas supply system further includes a pulse valve, a portion of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve, specifically including: A portion of the reaction gas is discharged to the exhaust pipeline through the second outlet of the safety valve, and the pulse valve is opened regularly to discharge the gas in the exhaust pipeline.
10. The fuel cell gas supply method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: In the case where the fuel cell gas supply system further includes a self-compensating tube, the gas supply method comprises the following steps: In response to a test simulation stack startup signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, the purge pipeline and the pipeline connecting the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline are opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the inside of the stack; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source is purged and discharged through the purge pipeline, the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline; After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline is closed, the gas supply source is opened, and the reaction gas provided by the gas supply source enters the fuel cell stack through the first outlet of the safety valve, and the fuel cell stack starts to work; during the operation of the fuel cell stack, if the pressure of the reaction gas is greater than the preset pressure of the safety valve, a part of the reaction gas is discharged through the second outlet of the safety valve; In response to a test simulation stack shutdown signal, the exhaust pipeline and the gas supply source are closed, the purge pipeline and the pipeline connecting the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline are opened, and the purge gas provided by the purge gas source enters the stack through the purge pipeline and the gas supply pipeline to purge the inside of the stack; the purge gas provided by the purge gas source is purged and discharged through the purge pipeline, the self-compensating pipe and the exhaust pipeline; After the purge is completed, the purge pipeline, the self-compensation pipe and the exhaust pipeline are closed.