Adaptive topology model construction method based on Ethernet frame

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of intelligent power grids, and discloses a self-adaptive topology model construction method based on Ethernet frames, which comprises the following steps of: S1, carrying out initialization operation on a device, acquiring interval identification codes of all line switch intervals of the device, including opposite side identification codes and local side identification codes, and according to an I generation rule of an adjacent switch device, generating an I generation rule; calculating the IP address of the adjacent switching device of the line switch; s2, triggering an ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) broadcast packet, obtaining an MAC (Media Access Control) address of the IP address in the local area network through the ARP, and associating the interval identification code, the IP address and the MAC address of the adjacent switch to generate an association table; and S3, establishing communication of the adjacent power distribution terminals through the association table of the interval identification codes, and then determining interval switches of the adjacent power distribution terminals according to the interval serial numbers in the interval identification codes so as to establish the FA topology. The topology establishment of the intelligent distributed FA is realized through the identification code parameters, and the debugging work and the subsequent operation and maintenance work of the intelligent distributed FA are simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart grids, and in particular to a method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of smart grids and the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for power supply reliability are getting higher and higher. In recent years, with the development of distribution fault handling technology, intelligent distributed FA can greatly improve power supply reliability and fault handling efficiency. However, before the operation of the intelligent distributed FA system, topology configuration work needs to be performed. Usually, manufacturers use drawing tools to build distribution network topology to generate topology parameter files. Manufacturers develop their own topology tools, including topology nodes, switch terminals, device IP and other parameters to establish distribution network line topology. The configuration process is cumbersome and can only rely on manufacturers for operation and maintenance.

[0003] Some regions have proposed FA interoperability technology, which is based on the mature IEC61850 model in the field of power transmission and transformation, and is distributed to the field of power distribution and utilization. GOOSE communication is used to realize information interaction between distribution terminals, and to standardize the GOOSE input and output virtual terminal information between distribution terminals in the topological ring network. However, in actual use, SCD and CCD files need to be configured. Due to the specification itself, CCD files are large and complex to configure, and are not suitable for distribution network operation and maintenance operations. At the same time, due to the inconsistency of GOOSE communication parameter models and cumbersome on-site debugging, the subsequent operation and maintenance workload is huge. When adding or reducing distribution terminals, the system topology modification is complex and the debugging workload is large. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames. There is no need to configure a CCD file. The topology establishment of the intelligent distributed FA is realized through identification code parameters, which simplifies the debugging work and subsequent operation and maintenance work of the intelligent distributed FA. The present invention provides a generation rule for the identification code, and the IP address of the adjacent device can be calculated according to the identification code. The terminal establishes the line topology according to the adaptive interaction process.

[0005] A method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1: The device is initialized and runs, and the interval identification codes of all line switch intervals of the device are obtained, including the opposite side identification code and the local side identification code, and the IP address of the adjacent switch device of the line switch is calculated according to the adjacent switch device IP generation rule;

[0007] S2: triggering an address resolution protocol ARP broadcast packet, obtaining the MAC address of the IP address in the local area network through the address resolution protocol ARP, and associating the interval identification code, IP address, and MAC address of the adjacent switch to generate an association table;

[0008] S3: Establish communication between adjacent distribution terminals through the association table of the interval identification code, and then clarify the interval switches of the adjacent distribution terminals based on the interval sequence number in the interval identification code, so as to establish the FA topology.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S1, the identification code generation method specifically includes:

[0010] The IP address of each distribution terminal is in the same network segment. The third and fourth segments of the IP address of the distribution terminal and the serial number of each interval of the distribution terminal form an identification code. The identification code is used to distinguish each interval switch controlled by each distribution terminal in the ring network. The calculation formula of the identification code is as follows:

[0011] IDcode=IP3*100000+IP4*100+No bay ;

[0012] Among them, IP3 is the third segment of the IP number of the distribution terminal, IP4 is the fourth segment of the IP number of the distribution terminal, and No bay Sequential number of the unopened interval.

[0013] Preferably, the interval sequence number is defined in the following manner:

[0014] The outlet of the substation in a ring network is set as the first switch, and the last switch in the ring network is set as the first switch on the opposite side. In addition to the first switch, the entry and exit section switches of each ring network are set to a busbar interval number 1 and 2. In order to adapt to the local area distribution station with a double-section busbar distribution network grid, the second busbar interval numbers 3 and 4 are added. The interval numbers 1-4 are actual interval numbers, and the intervals are flexibly allocated according to the actual situation on site.

[0015] Further, in step S1, obtaining the interval identification codes of all intervals connected to external electrical appliances specifically includes:

[0016] In the hand-in-hand cable line, the interval identification code is generated by the identification code generation method, the local identification code of the switch interval is generated according to the interval serial number of each incoming and outgoing line switch itself, and then the opposite side identification code of the switch interval is generated according to the interval serial number of the adjacent switch connected to each incoming and outgoing line switch configuration.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, calculating the IP address of the adjacent switch device of the line switch according to the adjacent switch device IP generation rule further comprises:

[0018] Each interval of the power distribution terminal calculates the IP address of the opposite device according to the IP address of the local device and the opposite identification code configured in the interval. The IP address is:

[0019] IP s1 .IP s2 .IDcode1.IDcode2,

[0020] IDcode1 is the highest three-digit number of the opposite side identification code, and IDcode2 is the second highest three-digit number of the opposite side identification code. s1 The first segment of the IP address of the local device. s2 The second segment of the local device IP address, where IDcode1 and IDcode2 are calculated using the following formula:

[0021] IDcode1 = IDcode / 100000,

[0022] IDcode2=(IDcode%100000) / 100.

[0023] In addition, in step S2, triggering an address resolution protocol ARP broadcast packet, and obtaining the MAC address of the IP address in the local area network through the address resolution protocol ARP further includes:

[0024] When the IP address of the adjacent switch device matches the MAC address, the Ethernet User Datagram Protocol UDP frame heartbeat packet is sent regularly, and the data link layer actively triggers the Address Resolution Protocol ARP to obtain the MAC address corresponding to the destination IP address, and determines whether the MAC address corresponding to the IP address of the adjacent switch device is successfully obtained.

[0025] If the acquisition is successful, the heartbeat communication process of the User Datagram Protocol UDP is continued and a UDP response packet is received;

[0026] If the acquisition is unsuccessful, the Ethernet User Datagram Protocol UDP frame heartbeat packet is sent repeatedly.

[0027] Furthermore, if the IP address of any adjacent switch device in this device fails to match the MAC address, step S2 is repeated. If the match occurs more than 5 times, it indicates that there is an error in the interval identification code parameter filling, and the adaptive topology construction process is exited, and the distribution terminal alarms.

[0028] Further, in step S3, the FA topology is constructed using a distributed FA communication model, which uses Ethernet frame transmission. The Ethernet frame standard format includes, in order: a 7-byte preamble, a 1-byte frame start delimiter SFD, a 4-byte frame check sequence FCS, and a frame gap IFG, wherein:

[0029] The preamble is used for clock synchronization between the sending device and the receiving device;

[0030] The frame start delimiter SFD is followed by a transmission Ethernet frame header and a data segment;

[0031] The frame check sequence FCS ensures that data is correctly transmitted;

[0032] The frame gap IFG is used to recover and prepare for receiving the next frame in a short period of time after receiving the current frame.

[0033] Furthermore, the Ethernet frame header includes a 6-byte destination MAC address, a 6-byte source MAC address and a 2-byte Ethernet frame type; the data segment is limited to 40 to 1500 bytes, including a 2-byte interval identification code, a 2-byte data length, several data sets and a 2-byte check, wherein,

[0034] The destination MAC address is the MAC address of the connected adjacent switch;

[0035] The source MAC address is the MAC address of the configured switch itself;

[0036] The interval identification code is the local identification code of the configured switch itself;

[0037] The data set customizes data content according to business scenarios;

[0038] The check adopts CRC16 check to check the content from the interval identification code to the data set.

[0039] Preferably, the data interaction method of the distributed FA communication model specifically includes:

[0040] The sending device sends message data, and the receiving device receives the data. The receiving device determines the sending device of the data based on the source MAC, and then determines the interval for sending data on the sending device based on the interval identification code, thereby matching the data to the corresponding interval on the receiving device to perform data interaction of the intelligent distributed FA.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) The present invention simplifies the FA parameter configuration. Only the local identification code and the opposite identification code need to be configured to complete the topology establishment of the distribution network line, which greatly reduces the traditional complex modeling method, simplifies the workload of topology modeling and improves the efficiency of on-site operation and maintenance;

[0043] (2) The present invention configures the local identification code and the opposite side identification code. When the distribution network topology model changes, devices are added or deleted. Only the local or adjacent switch identification code needs to be modified, so that the function of intelligent distributed FA can be flexibly realized;

[0044] (3) The present invention has the ability to establish adaptive topology communication, and the network address content and topology information are implicitly embedded in the identification code. There is no need to manually configure the network address of adjacent switches. Relying on the identification code on the opposite side, the IP address of the adjacent device is automatically calculated and the corresponding MAC address is obtained, thereby establishing network communication between adjacent terminals in the distribution network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0046] In the attached picture:

[0047] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an example of defining the interval serial number of a distribution station according to the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a single busbar network structure of a power distribution station of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 The present invention provides a communication model format table based on Ethernet frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms "a", "an", "said" and "the" used herein may also include plural forms. It should be further understood that the term "comprising" used in the specification of the present invention refers to the presence of the features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0053] The present invention proposes an Ethernet frame-based intelligent distributed FA adaptive topology model method, which does not require configuration of CCD files, and implements the topology establishment of intelligent distributed FA through identification code parameters, thereby simplifying the debugging work and subsequent operation and maintenance work of intelligent distributed FA. At the same time, the present invention provides the generation rules of the identification code, and the IP addresses of adjacent devices can be calculated according to the identification code, and the terminal establishes the line topology according to the adaptive interaction process.

[0054] At the same time, Ethernet frames are used for FA communication. Different manufacturers use this communication model to achieve interoperable intelligent distributed FA. The topology of intelligent distributed FA can be established through simple configuration, which simplifies the workload of on-site debugging and verification and improves the efficiency of on-site operation and maintenance.

[0055] The specific implementation of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1: The device is initialized and runs, and the interval identification codes of all line switch intervals of the device are obtained, including the opposite side identification code and the local side identification code, and the IP address of the adjacent switch device of the line switch is calculated according to the adjacent switch device IP generation rule;

[0059] S2: triggering an address resolution protocol ARP broadcast packet, obtaining the MAC address of the IP address in the local area network through the address resolution protocol ARP, and associating the interval identification code, IP address, and MAC address of the adjacent switch to generate an association table;

[0060] S3: Establish communication between adjacent distribution terminals through the association table of the interval identification code, and then clarify the interval switches of the adjacent distribution terminals based on the interval sequence number in the interval identification code, so as to establish the FA topology.

[0061] Specifically, in step S1, the identification code generation method includes:

[0062] The IP address of each distribution terminal is in the same network segment. The third and fourth segments of the IP address of the distribution terminal and the serial number of each interval of the distribution terminal form an identification code. The identification code is used to distinguish each interval switch controlled by each distribution terminal in the ring network. The calculation formula of the identification code is as follows:

[0063] IDcode=IP3*100000+IP4*100+No bay ;

[0064] Among them, IP3 is the third segment of the IP number of the distribution terminal, IP4 is the fourth segment of the IP number of the distribution terminal, and No bay Sequential number of the unopened interval.

[0065] In this embodiment, the actual interaction object in the intelligent distributed FA topology is each bay switch, and one distribution terminal can control multiple bay switches. In a traditional 35KV voltage level substation, the IP of each distribution terminal is in the same network segment, and the last two segments of the IP address of the distribution terminal and the serial number of each bay of the distribution terminal are combined into an identification code to distinguish each bay switch controlled by each distribution terminal in the ring network.

[0066] The identification code consists of 8 decimal digits, of which the ten million digit, the million digit and the hundred thousand digit constitute the first part, indicating the third segment of the business port IP address; the ten thousand digit, the thousand digit and the hundred digit constitute the second part, indicating the fourth segment of the business port IP address; the tens digit and the ones digit constitute the third part, indicating the interval number.

[0067] Among them, the IP address is a logical address assigned by the communication network. At present, the distribution network communication IP can use IPV4, and this patent is explained with IPV4. IPV4 has four segments of numbers, which are XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX, and each segment is not greater than 255. The identification code uses the last two segments of the IP address, namely the third and fourth segments. The combination of the third and fourth segments of the distribution terminal IP in a 35KV substation is unique, so the identification code generated by these two numbers can distinguish different distribution terminals in the 10kV distribution network line.

[0068] Furthermore, the interval sequence number is defined in the following manner:

[0069] The substation outlet in a ring network is set as the first switch, and the last switch in the ring network is set as the first switch on the opposite side. In addition to the first switch, the entry and exit sectional switches of each ring network are set as a busbar interval number 1 and 2. In order to adapt to the double-section busbar distribution network frame of the local area distribution station, the second busbar interval number 3 and 4 are added. The interval numbers 1-4 are actual interval numbers. The intervals are flexibly allocated according to the actual situation on site. Figure 2 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the interval number of a distribution station.

[0070] In step S1, obtaining the interval identification codes of all intervals connected to external electrical appliances specifically includes:

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, in the hand-in-hand cable line, the interval identification code is generated by the identification code generation method, the local identification code of the switch interval is generated according to the interval serial number of each incoming and outgoing line switch itself, and then the opposite side identification code of the switch interval is generated according to the interval serial number of the adjacent switch connected to each incoming and outgoing line switch configuration.

[0072] According to the identification code generation rules, Figure 3 Taking the IP addresses of substation 1, substation 2 and distribution station 1 of the distribution network as an example, the following three tables show the identification code:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Furthermore, in step S1, according to the adjacent switch device IP generation rule, calculating the adjacent switch device IP address of the line switch further includes:

[0077] Each interval of the power distribution terminal calculates the IP address of the opposite device according to the IP address of the local device and the opposite identification code configured in the interval. The IP address is:

[0078] IP s1 .IP s2 .IDcode1.IDcode2,

[0079] IDcode1 is the highest three-digit number of the opposite side identification code, and IDcode2 is the second highest three-digit number of the opposite side identification code. s1 The first segment of the IP address of the local device. s2 The second segment of the local device IP address, where IDcode1 and IDcode2 are calculated using the following formula:

[0080] IDcode1 = IDcode / 100000,

[0081] IDcode2=(IDcode%100000) / 100.

[0082] Further, in step S2, triggering an address resolution protocol ARP broadcast packet, and obtaining the MAC address of the IP address in the local area network through the address resolution protocol ARP further includes:

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, when the IP address of the adjacent switch device matches the MAC address, the Ethernet User Datagram Protocol UDP frame heartbeat packet is sent regularly, and the data link layer actively triggers the Address Resolution Protocol ARP to obtain the MAC address corresponding to the destination IP address, and determines whether the MAC address corresponding to the IP address of the adjacent switch device is successfully obtained.

[0084] If the acquisition is successful, the heartbeat communication process of the User Datagram Protocol UDP is continued and a UDP response packet is received;

[0085] If the acquisition is unsuccessful, the Ethernet User Datagram Protocol UDP frame heartbeat packet is sent repeatedly.

[0086] On this basis, if the IP address of any adjacent switch device in this device fails to match the MAC address, repeat step S2. If the match occurs more than 5 times, it means that there is an error in the interval identification code parameter filling, and the adaptive topology construction process is exited, and the distribution terminal alarms.

[0087] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, in step S3, the FA topology is constructed using a distributed FA communication model, which uses Ethernet frame transmission. The Ethernet frame standard format includes, in order: a 7-byte preamble, a 1-byte frame start delimiter SFD, a 4-byte frame check sequence FCS, and a frame gap IFG, wherein:

[0088] The preamble is used for clock synchronization between the sending device and the receiving device;

[0089] The frame start delimiter SFD is followed by a transmission Ethernet frame header and a data segment;

[0090] The frame check sequence FCS ensures that data is correctly transmitted;

[0091] The frame gap IFG is used to recover and prepare for receiving the next frame in a short period of time after receiving the current frame.

[0092] The Ethernet frame header includes a 6-byte destination MAC address, a 6-byte source MAC address and a 2-byte Ethernet frame type; the data segment is limited to 40 to 1500 bytes, including a 2-byte interval identification code, a 2-byte data length, several data sets and a 2-byte check, wherein,

[0093] The destination MAC address is the MAC address of the connected adjacent switch;

[0094] The source MAC address is the MAC address of the configured switch itself;

[0095] The interval identification code is the local identification code of the configured switch itself;

[0096] The data set customizes data content according to business scenarios;

[0097] The verification adopts the CRC16 verification method to verify the content from the interval identification code to the data set.

[0098] In this embodiment, the Ethernet frame header and data segment (format content) are shown in the following table:

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] The data interaction method of the distributed FA communication model specifically includes:

[0102] The sending device sends message data, and the receiving device receives the data. The receiving device determines the sending device of the data based on the source MAC, and then determines the interval for sending data on the sending device based on the interval identification code, thereby matching the data to the corresponding interval on the receiving device to perform data interaction of the intelligent distributed FA.

[0103] In this embodiment, when substation 1 sends a message to the adjacent device distribution station 1, after distribution station 1 receives the message, it determines the source device based on the source MAC and the interval code to determine which interval the data is sent, thereby matching the data to the corresponding interval and performing data interaction of the intelligent distributed FA.

[0104] The following is an example of building an adaptive topology:

[0105] by Figure 3 Taking substation 1 as an example, the communication model parameters are generated according to the identification code. The IP address of the FA business port of the distribution terminal of substation 1 is 107.160.059.001, and the MAC address is 01:0C:CD:0B:60:7B. The IP address of the FA business port of the distribution terminal of distribution station 1 is 107.160.059.003, and the MAC address is 01:0C:CD:0B:60:8A.

[0106] The distribution terminal of substation 1 obtains its opposite side identification code 05900301 from parameter table 1, calculates the adjacent device IP address as 107.160.059.003 according to the adjacent terminal IP generation rule, and automatically obtains the adjacent device MAC address 01:0C:CD:0B:60:8A through the adaptive topology establishment process.

[0107] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the invention fall within the scope of the claims of the invention and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: The device is initialized and runs, and the interval identification codes of all line switch intervals of the device are obtained, including the opposite side identification code and the local side identification code, and the IP address of the adjacent switch device of the line switch is calculated according to the adjacent switch device IP generation rule; S2: triggering an address resolution protocol ARP broadcast packet, obtaining the MAC address of the IP address in the local area network through the address resolution protocol ARP, and associating the interval identification code, IP address, and MAC address of the adjacent switch to generate an association table; S3: Establish communication between adjacent distribution terminals through the association table of the interval identification code, and then clarify the interval switches of the adjacent distribution terminals based on the interval sequence number in the interval identification code, so as to establish the FA topology.

2. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the identification code generation method specifically includes: The IP address of each distribution terminal is in the same network segment. The third and fourth segments of the IP address of the distribution terminal and the serial number of each interval of the distribution terminal form an identification code. The identification code is used to distinguish each interval switch controlled by each distribution terminal in the ring network. The calculation formula of the identification code is as follows: IDcode=IP3*100000+IP4*100+No bay ; Among them, IP3 is the third segment of the IP number of the distribution terminal, IP4 is the fourth segment of the IP number of the distribution terminal, and No bay Sequential number of the unopened interval.

3. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 2, characterized in that: The interval number is defined in the following way: The outlet of the substation in a ring network is set as the first switch, and the last switch in the ring network is set as the first switch on the opposite side. In addition to the first switch, the entry and exit section switches of each ring network are set to a busbar interval number 1 and 2. In order to adapt to the local area distribution station with a double-section busbar distribution network grid, the second busbar interval numbers 3 and 4 are added. The interval numbers 1-4 are actual interval numbers, and the intervals are flexibly allocated according to the actual situation on site.

4. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S1, obtaining the interval identification codes of all intervals connected to external electrical appliances specifically includes: In the hand-in-hand cable line, the interval identification code is generated by the identification code generation method, the local identification code of the switch interval is generated according to the interval serial number of each incoming and outgoing line switch itself, and then the opposite side identification code of the switch interval is generated according to the interval serial number of the adjacent switch connected to each incoming and outgoing line switch configuration.

5. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, according to the adjacent switch device IP generation rule, calculating the adjacent switch device IP address of the line switch further includes: Each interval of the power distribution terminal calculates the IP address of the opposite device according to the IP address of the local device and the opposite identification code configured in the interval. The IP address is: IP s1 .IP s2 .IDcode1.IDcode2, IDcode1 is the highest three-digit number of the opposite side identification code, and IDcode2 is the second highest three-digit number of the opposite side identification code. s1 The first segment of the IP address of the local device. s2 The second segment of the local device IP address, where IDcode1 and IDcode2 are calculated using the following formula: IDcode1 = IDcode / 100000, IDcode2=(IDcode%100000) / 100.

6. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, triggering an address resolution protocol ARP broadcast packet, and obtaining the MAC address of the IP address in the local area network through the address resolution protocol ARP further includes: When the IP address of the adjacent switch device matches the MAC address, the Ethernet User Datagram Protocol UDP frame heartbeat packet is sent regularly, and the data link layer actively triggers the Address Resolution Protocol ARP to obtain the MAC address corresponding to the destination IP address, and determines whether the MAC address corresponding to the IP address of the adjacent switch device is successfully obtained. If the acquisition is successful, the heartbeat communication process of the User Datagram Protocol UDP is continued and a UDP response packet is received; If the acquisition is unsuccessful, the Ethernet User Datagram Protocol UDP frame heartbeat packet is sent repeatedly.

7. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 6, characterized in that: If the IP address of any adjacent switch device in this device fails to match the MAC address, repeat step S2. If the match occurs more than 5 times, it means that there is an error in the interval identification code parameter filling, and the adaptive topology construction process is exited, and the distribution terminal alarms.

8. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the FA topology is constructed using a distributed FA communication model, which uses Ethernet frame transmission. The Ethernet frame standard format includes, in order: a 7-byte preamble, a 1-byte frame start delimiter SFD, a 4-byte frame check sequence FCS, and a frame gap IFG, wherein: The preamble is used for clock synchronization between the sending device and the receiving device; The frame start delimiter SFD is followed by a transmission Ethernet frame header and a data segment; The frame check sequence FCS ensures that data is correctly transmitted; The frame gap IFG is used to recover and prepare for receiving the next frame in a short period of time after receiving the current frame.

9. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 8, characterized in that: The Ethernet frame header includes a 6-byte destination MAC address, a 6-byte source MAC address and a 2-byte Ethernet frame type; the data segment is limited to 40 to 1500 bytes, including a 2-byte interval identification code, a 2-byte data length, several data sets and a 2-byte check, wherein: The destination MAC address is the MAC address of the connected adjacent switch; The source MAC address is the MAC address of the configured switch itself; The interval identification code is the local identification code of the configured switch itself; The data set customizes data content according to business scenarios; The verification adopts the CRC16 verification method to verify the content from the interval identification code to the data set.

10. The method for constructing an adaptive topology model based on Ethernet frames according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data interaction method of the distributed FA communication model specifically includes: The sending device sends message data, and the receiving device receives the data. The receiving device determines the sending device of the data based on the source MAC, and then determines the interval for sending data on the sending device based on the interval identification code, thereby matching the data to the corresponding interval on the receiving device to perform data interaction of the intelligent distributed FA.

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