Accelerator for improving grafting healing efficiency of muskmelon and pumpkin and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of grafting, and particularly relates to an accelerant for improving the grafting healing efficiency of muskmelons and pumpkins and a preparation method and application of the accelerant. Each 1000 ml of the accelerant is prepared from the following components: 10.0 g of pectin, 6.0 to 8.0 ml of a 50 * MEM essential amino acid additive, 6.0 to 8.0 g of glucan, 1.8 to 2.0 g of calcium chloride, 0.8 to 1.0 g of zinc sulfate, 1.2 to 1.4 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02 to 0.03 g of naphthylacetic acid and the balance of water. In the grafting process of muskmelons and pumpkins, muskmelon scions are inserted into pumpkin rootstocks after being dipped in the accelerant, formation of calluses at grafting unions and connection of the scions and rootstock vascular bundle bridges can be promoted, then healing of the grafting unions is accelerated, the grafting healing period is shortened, the grafting healing rate and survival rate are increased, and the quality of grafted seedlings is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grafting, and particularly relates to an accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grafting has become a key technology to overcome the obstacles of continuous cropping and prevent soil-borne diseases in greenhouse melon cultivation. However, in actual production, due to uneven environmental conditions during the grafting healing period and greater management difficulties, the survival rate of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings is low and the quality of grafted seedlings is reduced. The cost of grafted seedling cultivation increases, which seriously affects the production efficiency of greenhouse melons.

[0003] At present, in the process of cultivating melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, the healing efficiency, survival rate and quality of the grafted seedlings are mainly guaranteed by regulating the environmental conditions such as temperature, light and humidity in the facilities. However, due to the large differences in the environment in different regions and different types of facilities, the management methods are also different and there is no unified standard.

[0004] Graft survival promoter is a chemical agent used to improve the survival rate of grafts. It usually contains multiple ingredients, such as auxins, fungicides, surfactants and nutrients. These ingredients help the scion and rootstock to heal as quickly as possible under sterile conditions, promote the formation of callus tissue, and thus improve the success rate of grafting. However, it is necessary to reasonably select and use it according to the specific grafting object. At present, there is a lack of promoters that can improve the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is based on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of melon and pumpkin graft healing, and aims to develop a promoter that is simple and convenient to operate, has outstanding application effects, and can significantly improve the efficiency of melon and pumpkin graft healing. In the process of melon and pumpkin grafting, the melon scion is dipped in the promoter and then inserted into the pumpkin rootstock to promote the formation of callus tissue at the grafting interface and the connection of the scion and the rootstock vascular bundle bridge, thereby accelerating the healing of the grafting interface, shortening the graft healing cycle, improving the graft healing rate and survival rate, and ensuring the quality of the grafted seedlings.

[0006] To this end, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide an accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting, wherein each 1000 ml of the accelerator is made of the following components:

[0007] Pectin 10.0g, 50×MEM essential amino acid additive 6.0-8.0ml, dextran 6.0-8.0g, calcium chloride 1.8-2.0g, zinc sulfate 0.8-1.0g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2-1.4g, naphthylacetic acid 0.02-0.03g, and the balance is water.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the accelerator, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Heat 10.0g of pectin to dissolve, cool, add 6.0-8.0ml of 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 6.0-8.0g of dextran, 1.8-2.0g of calcium chloride, 0.8.0-1.0g of zinc sulfate, 1.2-1.4g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.03g of naphthylacetic acid, mix well, and add water to make up to volume to obtain the promoter.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the heating temperature is 75-80°C.

[0011] The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of the accelerator in improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting.

[0012] The fourth object of the present invention is to provide the application of the accelerator in improving the survival rate of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings.

[0013] The fifth object of the present invention is to provide the application of the accelerator in improving the quality of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings.

[0014] The sixth object of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting melon and pumpkin using the accelerator, comprising the following steps:

[0015] First, the growth point of the pumpkin rootstock is removed, and a grafting needle is used to obliquely insert 0.5-0.7 cm from the main leaf vein on one side to the cotyledon direction on the other side. Then, a knife is cut obliquely to 2 / 3 of the hypocotyl at 0.8-1.0 cm below the cotyledon of the melon scion, and the incision is 0.5 cm long. Then, a knife is cut from the opposite side to cut the scion into a wedge shape, the wedge-shaped surface is dipped in the accelerator, and the grafting needle is pulled out and immediately inserted into the scion, and the insertion depth is 0.5-0.6 cm.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The promoter of the present invention can significantly improve the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting and increase the grafting survival rate by more than 6.0%.

[0018] 2. The promoter of the present invention can enhance the root vitality of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, promote root growth, and has a significant root strengthening effect.

[0019] 3. The promoter of the present invention can significantly improve the root-crown ratio, seedling index and growth rate of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, and the quality of grafted seedlings is significantly improved.

[0020] 4. The accelerator of the present invention is simple to use and easy to operate, and has no significant effect on the grafting operation efficiency of the grafting workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1The figures show the effects of the accelerator of the present invention and the control accelerator on the graft healing efficiency and graft survival rate of melon and pumpkin. Figure A shows the grafted seedlings and the acid fuchsin absorption morphology after different days of treatment, and Figure B shows the quantitative graph of the graft survival rate of melon and pumpkin.

[0022] Figure 2 The root morphology of the grafted melon and pumpkin seedlings after being treated with the accelerator of the present invention and the control accelerator is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 The figures are quantitative diagrams showing the effects of the promoter of the present invention and the control promoter on the root growth characteristics of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, wherein A is a quantitative diagram of root activity, B is a quantitative diagram of total root length, C is a quantitative diagram of total root surface area, and D is a quantitative diagram of total root tips.

[0024] Figure 4 The figure is a quantitative graph showing the effects of the promoter of the present invention and the control promoter on the root-crown ratio (A), the seedling index (B) and the growth rate (C) of the grafted melon and pumpkin seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0026] The 50×MEM essential amino acid additive used in the following examples was purchased from Beijing Coolbo Technology Co., Ltd., with the product number SL6491-100 mL. The trade name of dextran is dextran T-10, which was purchased from Beijing Solebow Technology Co., Ltd., with the product number D8240.

[0027] Example 1: Accelerator for improving healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts

[0028] The preparation method is as follows:

[0029] Weigh 1.0g pectin, heat in a water bath at 80℃, stir thoroughly until the pectin is completely dissolved, and cool for later use. Add 0.6ml 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 0.6g dextran, 0.18g calcium chloride, 0.08g zinc sulfate, 0.12g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.002g naphthaleneacetic acid, stir thoroughly, and dilute to 100ml with distilled water. Store the prepared paste in a brown bottle, seal it, and store it at room temperature or 4℃ for later use.

[0030] Example 2: Accelerator for improving healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts

[0031] The preparation method is as follows:

[0032] Weigh 1.0g pectin, heat in a water bath at 80℃, stir thoroughly until the pectin is completely dissolved, and cool for later use. Add 0.7ml 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 0.7g dextran, 0.19g calcium chloride, 0.09g zinc sulfate, 0.13g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.0025g naphthaleneacetic acid, stir thoroughly, and dilute to 100ml with distilled water. Store the prepared paste in a brown bottle, seal it, and store it at room temperature or 4℃ for later use.

[0033] Example 3: Accelerator for improving healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts

[0034] The preparation method is as follows:

[0035] Weigh 1.0g pectin, heat in a water bath at 80℃, stir thoroughly until the pectin is completely dissolved, and cool for later use. Add 0.8ml 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 0.8g dextran, 0.2g calcium chloride, 0.1g zinc sulfate, 0.14g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.003g naphthaleneacetic acid, stir thoroughly, and dilute to 100ml with distilled water. Store the prepared paste in a brown bottle, seal it, and store it at room temperature or 4℃ for later use.

[0036] The promoters of Examples 1 to 3 can all improve the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts. Example 1 is used as an example to demonstrate the effect of the promoter of the present invention.

[0037] Example 4: Effect of the accelerator of the present invention on the healing efficiency and quality of grafted seedlings of melon and pumpkin

[0038] (1) Usage: When the two cotyledons of the melon scion are unfolded and the true leaves of the pumpkin stock have just appeared, it is the right time for grafting. When grafting, first remove the growth point of the pumpkin stock, and use the grafting needle to obliquely insert 0.5-0.7cm from the right main vein to the cotyledon on the other side. Then, cut obliquely from 0.8-1.0cm below the cotyledon of the melon scion to 2 / 3 of the hypocotyl, with a length of 0.5cm. Then cut the scion from the opposite side into a wedge shape, dip the wedge-shaped surface in the promoter (just cover the wedge-shaped surface), remove the grafting needle and immediately insert it into the scion, with an insertion depth of 0.5-0.6cm.

[0039] (2) Healing efficiency determination: 4, 5, 6 and 7 days after grafting, cut the stem segment 1 cm above and below the grafting point, and place the pumpkin stock vertically with the face downward in a 1% acid fuchsin solution for 40 minutes. Cut the stem segment 2.5 mm above the grafting joint by hand, and observe the acid fuchsin absorption under a microscope. Repeat three times, with 3 plants each time. Graft survival rate (%) after 7 days of grafting = number of surviving seedlings / number of grafted seedlings × 100%.

[0040] (3) Grafted seedling quality determination:

[0041] 28 days after grafting (five leaves and one heart), the following indicators were measured and calculated:

[0042] 1) Root-shoot ratio = root fresh weight / aerial fresh weight;

[0043] 2) Seedling index = (stem diameter at grafting junction / scion height) × whole plant dry weight;

[0044] 3) Growth rate (G value) = whole plant dry weight / seedling raising time;

[0045] 4) Investigation of root growth characteristics:

[0046] (1) The root system was scanned using Win RHIZO root scanner to analyze the total root length, root surface area, average root diameter, root projected area, and number of root branches.

[0047] (2) Determination of root activity using the TTC method - triphenyltetrazolium chloride method: Remove impurities and soil from the roots as much as possible and wash them with water. Weigh 0.5g of the root tip sample and put it into a 10ml beaker (the root tip must be completely immersed in the solution), add 10ml of an equal mixture of 0.4% TTC solution and phosphate buffer, and fully immerse the roots in the solution, TTC: A solution (Na2HPO4·12H2O): B solution (NaH2PO4·2H2O) = 5:2:3. Keep warm in the dark at 37℃ for 1-3h, then add 2ml of sulfuric acid to stop the reaction. Blank test: sulfuric acid buffer (2ml) + root tip (0.5g) + TTC (5ml) + A solution (2ml) + B solution (3ml). Take out the root, absorb the surface water, put it in a mortar, add 3-4ml ethyl acetate and a small amount of quartz sand, and grind (until the root is white and the liquid is red). The red extract was transferred into a test tube, and the mortar was cleaned 2-3 times with a small amount of ethyl acetate, and the ethyl acetate used for cleaning was transferred into the test tube, and the volume of ethyl acetate was finally adjusted to 10 ml. The absorbance value was measured using a spectrophotometer at 485 nm.

[0048] result:

[0049] from Figure 1 It can be seen that the accelerator of the present invention can significantly improve the healing speed of melon and pumpkin grafts, and the grafting survival rate is significantly higher than that of the control accelerator (10 g·L -1 Pectin solution) 6.67%. It can be seen that the promoter of the present invention has a significant effect on improving the grafting healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin.

[0050] from Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the root activity of the melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings treated with the promoter of the present invention was significantly increased by 14.15%, the total root length was significantly increased by 14.93%, and the total root surface area and total root tip number were significantly increased by 13.73% and 12.89%, respectively. Figure 4 It can be seen that the promoter of the present invention can significantly improve the root-to-crown ratio, seedling index and growth rate of grafted seedlings. It can be seen that the promoter of the present invention has a significant effect on the root strengthening of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, and the quality of grafted seedlings is significantly improved. Moreover, if any component is omitted from the promoter of the present invention, the above effects are reduced to varying degrees.

[0051] It should be noted that when the claims of the present invention involve numerical ranges, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints can be selected. In order to avoid redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment.

[0052] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting, characterized in that: Each 1000ml of the accelerator is made of the following components: Pectin 10.0g, 50×MEM essential amino acid additive 6.0-8.0ml, dextran 6.0-8.0g, calcium chloride 1.8-2.0g, zinc sulfate 0.8-1.0g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2-1.4g, naphthylacetic acid 0.02-0.03g, and the balance is water.

2. The method for preparing the accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Heat 10.0g of pectin to dissolve, cool, add 6.0-8.0ml of 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 6.0-8.0g of dextran, 1.8-2.0g of calcium chloride, 0.8-1.0g of zinc sulfate, 1.2-1.4g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.03g of naphthylacetic acid, mix well, and add water to make up to volume to obtain the promoter.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating temperature is 75-80°C.

4. Use of the promoter according to claim 1 in improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting.

5. Use of the promoter according to claim 1 in improving the survival rate of grafted melon and pumpkin seedlings.

6. Use of the promoter according to claim 1 in improving the quality of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings.

7. A method for grafting melon and pumpkin using the promoter of claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: First, the growth point of the pumpkin rootstock is removed, and a grafting needle is inserted obliquely 0.5-0.7 cm from the main leaf vein on one side to the cotyledon on the other side. Then, an oblique cut is made 0.8-1.0 cm below the cotyledon of the melon scion, and then the scion is cut into a wedge shape from the opposite side. The wedge-shaped surface is dipped in the promoter, and the grafting needle is pulled out and immediately inserted into the scion.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The scion insertion depth is 0.5 to 0.6 cm.

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