Accelerator for improving healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of grafting technology, and specifically relates to an accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafting, and its preparation method and application. Each 1000ml of the accelerator is made of the following components: 10.0g of pectin, 6.0-8.0ml of 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 6.0-8.0g of dextran, 1.8-2.0g of calcium chloride, 0.8-1.0g of zinc sulfate, 1.2-1.4g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.02-0.03g of naphthaleneacetic acid, and the balance is water. In the process of plug grafting of melon and pumpkin, the melon scion is dipped in the accelerator of the present invention and then inserted into the pumpkin stock, which can promote the formation of callus tissue at the grafting interface and the connection of the scion and the stock vascular bundle bridge, thereby accelerating the healing of the grafting interface, shortening the graft healing cycle, improving the graft healing rate and survival rate, and ensuring the quality of the grafted seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of grafting, and particularly relates to an accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grafting has become a key technology for overcoming continuous cropping obstacles and preventing soil-borne diseases in greenhouse melon cultivation. However, in actual production, low survival rates and decreased quality of grafted melon and pumpkin seedlings often occur due to factors such as inconsistent environmental conditions during the graft healing period and difficult management. This increases the cost of grafted seedling cultivation and seriously affects the profitability of greenhouse melon production.

[0003] Currently, the cultivation of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings primarily relies on controlling environmental conditions such as temperature, light, and humidity within the facility to ensure their healing efficiency, survival rate, and quality. However, due to significant environmental variations across regions and facility types, management methods vary widely, and there is no unified standard.

[0004] Grafting agents are chemical agents used to improve graft survival rates. They typically contain a variety of ingredients, such as auxins, fungicides, surfactants, and nutrients. These ingredients help the scion and rootstock heal quickly under sterile conditions, promoting callus formation and thus increasing the success rate of grafting. However, their selection and use require careful consideration of the specific grafting target, and there is currently a lack of agents that can enhance the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the physiological and molecular mechanisms of melon and pumpkin graft healing, this invention aims to develop a accelerator that is simple and convenient to use, has outstanding application effects, and can significantly improve the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts. During the melon and pumpkin grafting process, a melon scion dipped in the accelerator is inserted into the pumpkin rootstock, promoting callus formation at the grafting interface and connecting the vascular bridge between the scion and the rootstock. This accelerates graft healing, shortens the graft healing cycle, improves the graft healing rate and survival rate, and ensures the quality of the grafted seedlings.

[0006] To this end, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide an accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts, wherein each 1000 ml of the accelerator is made of the following components:

[0007] Pectin 10.0g, 50×MEM essential amino acid additive 6.0-8.0ml, dextran 6.0-8.0g, calcium chloride 1.8-2.0g, zinc sulfate 0.8-1.0g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2-1.4g, naphthaleneacetic acid 0.02-0.03g, and the balance is water.

[0008] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the accelerator, comprising the following steps:

[0009] 10.0 g of pectin was heated to dissolve and cooled, and 6.0-8.0 ml of 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 6.0-8.0 g of dextran, 1.8-2.0 g of calcium chloride, 0.8.0-1.0 g of zinc sulfate, 1.2-1.4 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02-0.03 g of naphthaleneacetic acid were added, mixed, and water was added to the volume to obtain the accelerator.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, the heating temperature is 75-80°C.

[0011] The third object of the present invention is to provide the use of the accelerator in improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts.

[0012] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide the use of the accelerator in improving the survival rate of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings.

[0013] A fifth object of the present invention is to provide the use of the accelerator in improving the quality of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings.

[0014] A sixth object of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting melon and pumpkin using the accelerator, comprising the following steps:

[0015] First, the growth point of the pumpkin rootstock is removed, and a grafting needle is used to obliquely insert 0.5-0.7 cm from the main leaf vein on one side toward the cotyledon on the other side. Then, a knife is cut obliquely to 2 / 3 of the hypocotyl 0.8-1.0 cm below the cotyledon of the melon scion, with a length of 0.5 cm. Then, a knife is cut from the opposite side to cut the scion into a wedge shape, the wedge-shaped surface is dipped in the accelerator, and the grafting needle is pulled out and immediately inserted into the scion with an insertion depth of 0.5-0.6 cm.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The accelerator of the present invention can significantly improve the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts and increase the graft survival rate by more than 6.0%.

[0018] 2. The promoter of the present invention can enhance the root vitality of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, promote root growth, and have a significant root strengthening effect.

[0019] 3. The promoter of the present invention can significantly improve the root-to-crown ratio, seedling index and growth rate of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, and significantly improve the quality of grafted seedlings.

[0020] 4. The accelerator of the present invention is simple to use and easy to operate, and has no significant effect on the grafting operation efficiency of grafting workers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1The figures show the effects of the accelerator of the present invention and the control accelerator on the graft healing efficiency and graft survival rate of melon and pumpkin. Figure A shows the grafted seedlings and acid fuchsin absorption morphology after different treatment days, and Figure B shows the quantitative graph of the graft survival rate of melon and pumpkin.

[0022] Figure 2 The diagram shows the root morphology of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings after being treated with the promoter of the present invention and the control promoter.

[0023] Figure 3 These are quantitative graphs showing the effects of the promoter of the present invention and the control promoter on the root growth characteristics of grafted melon and pumpkin seedlings. A is a quantitative graph of root activity, B is a quantitative graph of total root length, C is a quantitative graph of total root surface area, and D is a quantitative graph of total root tips.

[0024] Figure 4 The graph is a quantitative graph showing the effects of the promoter of the present invention and the control promoter on the root-to-crown ratio (A), seedling index (B) and growth rate (C) of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0026] The 50×MEM essential amino acid supplement used in the following examples was purchased from Beijing Coolbo Technology Co., Ltd. under the product number SL6491-100 mL. Dextran, also known as Dextran T-10, was purchased from Beijing Solebau Technology Co., Ltd. under the product number D8240.

[0027] Example 1: Accelerator for Improving the Healing Efficiency of Melon and Pumpkin Grafts

[0028] The preparation method is as follows:

[0029] Weigh 1.0g of pectin and heat in an 80°C water bath, stirring thoroughly until the pectin is completely dissolved. Cool and set aside. Add 0.6ml of 50×MEM Essential Amino Acids Supplement, 0.6g of dextran, 0.18g of calcium chloride, 0.08g of zinc sulfate, 0.12g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.002g of naphthaleneacetic acid, stirring thoroughly. Dose to 100ml with distilled water. Store the prepared paste in a brown bottle, seal it, and store at room temperature or 4°C until ready to use.

[0030] Example 2: Accelerator for Improving the Healing Efficiency of Melon and Pumpkin Grafts

[0031] The preparation method is as follows:

[0032] Weigh 1.0g of pectin and heat in an 80°C water bath, stirring thoroughly until the pectin is completely dissolved. Cool and set aside. Add 0.7ml of 50×MEM Essential Amino Acids Supplement, 0.7g of dextran, 0.19g of calcium chloride, 0.09g of zinc sulfate, 0.13g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.0025g of naphthaleneacetic acid, stirring thoroughly. Dose to 100ml with distilled water. Store the prepared paste in a brown bottle, seal it, and store at room temperature or 4°C until ready to use.

[0033] Example 3: Accelerator for Improving the Healing Efficiency of Melon and Pumpkin Grafts

[0034] The preparation method is as follows:

[0035] Weigh 1.0g of pectin and heat in an 80°C water bath, stirring thoroughly until the pectin is completely dissolved. Cool and set aside. Add 0.8ml of 50×MEM Essential Amino Acids Supplement, 0.8g of dextran, 0.2g of calcium chloride, 0.1g of zinc sulfate, 0.14g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.003g of naphthaleneacetic acid, stirring thoroughly. Dose to 100ml with distilled water. Store the prepared paste in a brown bottle, seal it, and store at room temperature or 4°C until ready to use.

[0036] The accelerators of Examples 1 to 3 can all improve the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts. Example 1 is used as an example to demonstrate the effect of the accelerator of the present invention.

[0037] Example 4: Effect of the accelerator of the present invention on the healing efficiency and quality of melon and pumpkin grafts

[0038] (1) Usage: When the two cotyledons of the melon scion are unfolded and the true leaves of the pumpkin stock have just appeared, it is the appropriate time for grafting. When grafting, first remove the growth point of the pumpkin stock, and use the grafting needle to obliquely insert 0.5 to 0.7 cm from the right main vein to the cotyledon on the other side. Then, cut obliquely to 2 / 3 of the hypocotyl 0.8 to 1.0 cm below the cotyledon of the melon scion, with a length of 0.5 cm. Then cut the scion into a wedge shape from the opposite side, dip the wedge-shaped surface in the promoter (just cover the wedge surface), remove the grafting needle and immediately insert it into the scion, with an insertion depth of 0.5 to 0.6 cm.

[0039] (2) Healing efficiency determination: 4, 5, 6, and 7 days after grafting, cut the stem 1 cm above and below the grafting site. Place the pumpkin stock vertically with the rootstock facing downward in a 1% acid fuchsin solution for 40 min. Manually cut the stem 2.5 mm above the grafting site and observe the acid fuchsin absorption under a microscope. Repeat three times, with three plants in each replicate. Graft survival rate (%) after 7 days = number of surviving seedlings / number of grafted seedlings × 100%.

[0040] (3) Grafted seedling quality determination:

[0041] 28 days after grafting (five leaves and one heart), the following indicators were measured and calculated:

[0042] 1) Root-to-shoot ratio = root fresh weight / aerial fresh weight;

[0043] 2) Seedling index = (stem diameter at grafting junction / scion height) × whole plant dry weight;

[0044] 3) Growth rate (G value) = whole plant dry weight / seedling raising time;

[0045] 4) Investigation of root growth characteristics:

[0046] (1) The roots were scanned using Win RHIZO root scanner and the total root length, root surface area, average root diameter, root projected area, and number of root branches were analyzed.

[0047] (2) Determine root activity using the TTC method - triphenyltetrazolium chloride method: Remove as much impurities and soil as possible from the roots and wash them clean with water. Weigh 0.5g of the root tip sample and place it in a 10ml beaker (the root tip must be completely immersed in the solution). Add 10ml of an equal mixture of 0.4% TTC solution and phosphate buffer solution, and fully immerse the roots in the solution. TTC: solution A (Na2HPO4·12H2O): solution B (NaH2PO4·2H2O) = 5:2:3. Incubate in the dark at 37℃ for 1-3h, then add 2ml of sulfuric acid to stop the reaction. Blank test: sulfuric acid buffer solution (2ml) + root tip (0.5g) + TTC (5ml) + solution A (2ml) + solution B (3ml). Remove the roots, absorb the surface moisture, place them in a mortar, add 3-4ml of ethyl acetate and a small amount of quartz sand, and grind (until the roots are white and the liquid is red). Transfer the red extract into a test tube and rinse the mortar 2-3 times with a small amount of ethyl acetate. Transfer the ethyl acetate used for rinsing into the test tube and finally adjust the volume to 10 ml with ethyl acetate. Measure the absorbance at 485 nm using a spectrophotometer.

[0048] result:

[0049] from Figure 1 It can be seen that the accelerator of the present invention can significantly improve the healing speed of melon and pumpkin grafts, and the grafting survival rate is significantly higher than that of the control accelerator (10 g·L -1 Pectin solution) 6.67%. It can be seen that the accelerator of the present invention has a significant effect on improving the graft healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin.

[0050] from Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the root activity of the melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings treated with the promoter of the present invention was significantly increased by 14.15%, the total root length was significantly increased by 14.93%, the total root surface area and the total number of root tips were significantly increased by 13.73% and 12.89%, respectively. Figure 4 As can be seen from the results, the promoter of the present invention can significantly improve the root-to-shoot ratio, seedling growth index, and growth rate of grafted seedlings. This indicates that the promoter of the present invention significantly strengthens the roots of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings and significantly improves the quality of the grafted seedlings. Furthermore, omitting any component from the promoter of the present invention reduces these effects to varying degrees.

[0051] It should be noted that when the claims of the present invention involve numerical ranges, it should be understood that the two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints can be selected. In order to avoid redundancy, the present invention describes preferred embodiments.

[0052] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. An application of an accelerator for improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts in improving the healing efficiency of melon and pumpkin grafts, improving the survival rate of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, and improving the quality of melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings, characterized in that: The accelerator is used to enable melon and pumpkin grafted seedlings to form vascular bundles 4 days after grafting. Each 1000 ml of the accelerator is made of the following components: Pectin 10.0g, 50×MEM essential amino acid supplement 6.0ml, dextran 6.0g, calcium chloride 1.8g, zinc sulfate 0.8g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2g, naphthaleneacetic acid 0.02g, balance water; The application comprises the following steps: First, the growth point of the pumpkin rootstock is removed, and a grafting needle is inserted obliquely 0.5-0.7 cm from the main leaf vein on one side toward the cotyledon on the other side. Then, a knife is cut obliquely 0.8-1.0 cm below the cotyledon of the melon scion, and then the scion is cut into a wedge shape from the opposite side. The wedge-shaped surface is dipped in the accelerator, and the grafting needle is withdrawn and immediately inserted into the scion. The scion insertion depth is 0.5-0.6 cm. The accelerator is prepared by the following method: 10.0 g of pectin was heated to 80° C. to dissolve, cooled, and added with 6.0 ml of 50×MEM essential amino acid additive, 6.0 g of dextran, 1.8 g of calcium chloride, 0.8 g of zinc sulfate, 1.2 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.02 g of naphthaleneacetic acid. The mixture was mixed and water was added to the fixed volume to obtain the accelerator.

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