A detachable grinding wheel, device and method for turbine disk tenon and groove grinding

Abstract

The present invention discloses a detachable grinding wheel, device, and method for grinding the tenon groove of a turbine disc. The grinding wheel comprises a grinding wheel base and a grinding portion. The grinding wheel base is provided with at least two grinding portions circumferentially, and the grinding portions are detachably connected to the grinding wheel base. The grinding wheel base is a splint base or a cup-shaped base, and the grinding portion is a claw-shaped grinding portion or a fan-shaped grinding portion. The claw-shaped grinding portion and the splint base form a claw-shaped grinding wheel, and the fan-shaped grinding portion and the cup-shaped base form a fan-shaped grinding wheel. The grinding wheel base and the grinding portion are detachable, reducing manufacturing, maintenance, and operating costs and improving the processing efficiency of the tenon groove.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of grinding processing, in particular to a detachable grinding wheel for turbine disc mortise, device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Turbine disc mortise is one of the core structures in aero-engine. Under the extreme working environment of high-speed rotation, turbine disc mortise not only bears the key task of fixing blades and transmitting power, but also is the basis to ensure the stable operation and high efficiency of the engine. As a key component in aero-engine, the shape accuracy, surface quality and size consistency of turbine disc mortise directly affect the overall performance and reliability of the engine. Therefore, forming grinding processing, with its high precision and high efficiency, has become an important means to realize high-quality processing of mortise. Through forming grinding, the geometric shape of mortise, including its inclination angle, taper angle, depth and other key parameters, can be accurately controlled to ensure the precise fit of mortise and blade, reduce assembly errors and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the engine. At the same time, forming grinding can also form uniform and delicate texture on the surface of mortise, reduce surface roughness, enhance wear resistance and fatigue resistance, and prolong the service life of mortise and blade.

[0003] For turbine disc mortise processing equipment, the following schemes exist in the prior art: CN104148992B discloses a grinding processing method for impeller hub mortise processing. First, according to the type of machine tool and the structure and size characteristics of the impeller hub mortise, the mounting method of the impeller hub and the specific position of the machine tool workbench are determined. Then, the grinding method of the mortise is selected, and the inner and outer diameters, axial height of the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the shape and size of the grinding working part are accurately designed to ensure that no interference occurs with other parts of the impeller hub during grinding. Further, according to the selected numerical control machine tool motion mode, a numerical control grinding program is written to control the motion trajectory of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, thereby realizing accurate grinding of the mortise. Finally, under the drive of the numerical control machine tool spindle, the cup-shaped grinding wheel rotates according to the preset trajectory and completes the grinding operation. Although this patent proposes a grinding processing method, it does not disclose the specific structural design of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, nor does it specify the applicable conditions. CN113977020A discloses a turbine disc mortise processing method, the steps of which include: axial clamping with the turbine disc inner hole; pre-cutting stress release at each mortise position by wire cutting; rough cutting of the mortise profile with a reserved margin; multiple wire cutting to the required size to ensure that the remelt layer thickness is not more than 0.005mm; and finally, using a broach for finishing to remove the remelt layer. This technology reduces clamping stress by axial clamping and releases stress by pre-cutting to avoid deformation, but it is only suitable for straight and inclined slot processing and cannot handle circular arc mortise.

[0004] CN109926894B discloses a turbine disc mortise groove forming grinding equipment and use method (patent number), the equipment adopts a stepping motor to connect the turbine disc, the relative motion of the turbine disc and the annular grinding wheel is controlled through a numerical control program, and the grinding of the mortise groove is realized. This method improves the processing efficiency and precision, but the equipment structure is complex, and the mortise groove position needs to be manually adjusted, which affects the processing efficiency and precision. CN117564873A discloses a turbine disc mortise groove forming grinding device and method, which leaves a avoiding part upstream and downstream of the grinding part of the grinding wheel. The avoiding part can reduce the weight of the grinding wheel, reduce the difficulty of spindle driving and control, thereby improving the machining precision. The avoiding part is used for the turbine disc to pass through to reduce the difficulty of feeding, facilitate the switching of the machining position, and improve the machining efficiency. However, the grinding wheel adopts an integrated design, is made of metal material, the overall weight of the grinding wheel is large, installation is inconvenient, and the grinding wheel speed is limited, so that the improvement effect of the grinding surface integrity is not good. In addition, the grinding particles need to be replaced as a whole after wear, and the manufacturing, maintenance and replacement costs are high.

[0005] In summary, the current turbine disc mortise groove machining mainly has the following problems: 1. The single-layer abrasive wheel has poor type surface precision retention due to abrasive wear, and the overall replacement after wear causes material waste and high manufacturing and maintenance costs; 2. The existing turbine disc mortise groove grinding machining method has the problems of small speed, low processing efficiency and poor surface integrity caused by the heavy grinding wheel; 3. Although a variety of mortise groove machining technologies have been proposed and applied, there is still a lack of special grinding tools that can accurately match the complex geometry of the turbine disc mortise groove, high efficiency and machining precision in terms of high-efficiency and high-precision forming grinding of the turbine disc mortise groove structure. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a turbine disc mortise groove grinding detachable grinding wheel, device and method, which can be detached from the grinding part, reducing the manufacturing, maintenance and use costs, and improving the processing efficiency of the mortise groove.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0008] In the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a turbine disc mortise groove grinding detachable grinding wheel, which comprises a grinding wheel base and a grinding part, at least two grinding parts are arranged circumferentially on the grinding wheel base, and the grinding part and the grinding wheel base are detachably connected.

[0009] The grinding wheel base is a clamping plate base or a cup-shaped base, the grinding part is a claw-shaped grinding part or a fan-shaped grinding part, the claw-shaped grinding part and the clamping plate base form a claw-shaped grinding wheel, and the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base form a fan-shaped grinding wheel.

[0010] As a further implementation manner, the clamping plate base comprises two circular plates parallel to each other, the two circular plates are connected by a connecting component and have an installation gap; the claw-shaped grinding part extends into the installation gap at one end and is detachably connected with the circular plate.

[0011] As a further implementation manner, the connecting component is in a cylindrical structure, and the end surface of the claw-shaped grinding part extending into the installation gap is a circular arc surface to fit the cylindrical structure.

[0012] As a further implementation manner, the claw-shaped grinding part has a claw at the other end, which is arranged on the outer side of the claw-shaped grinding part or on both the inner and outer sides of the claw-shaped grinding part.

[0013] As a further implementation manner, the angle range of the fan-shaped grinding part is less than or equal to 360°.

[0014] The cup-shaped base is provided with a boss, and the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a limiting groove matched with the boss; or the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a boss, and the cup-shaped base is provided with a limiting groove matched with the boss.

[0015] As a further implementation manner, the grinding wheel base can be provided with a weight-reducing groove.

[0016] As a further implementation manner, the grinding part and the grinding wheel base are connected by an expansion screw.

[0017] The expansion screw comprises a sleeve and a mandrel, the mandrel is coaxially arranged on the inside of the sleeve; when the mandrel is tightened, the sleeve expands in the corresponding hole.

[0018] As a further implementation manner, an abrasive layer is attached to the surface of the grinding part.

[0019] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a turbine disc mortise grinding device, which comprises a machine tool system, a turbine disc clamping device and the detachable grinding wheel.

[0020] The turbine disc clamping device comprises a clamp, a clamp sensor and a driving mechanism, the clamp is used for clamping the turbine disc, the driving mechanism is used for driving the clamp to move linearly to change the position of the turbine disc; the clamp sensor is used for feeding back a detection signal to a controller when the grinding wheel is retracted, and the turbine disc is rotated by the controller controlling the clamp.

[0021] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a turbine disc mortise grinding method, which adopts the grinding device and comprises the following steps.

[0022] The grinding part of the grinding wheel is moved into the turbine disc mortise, and the grinding part is aligned with the shape of the mortise;

[0023] Adopt unilateral grinding wheel or double side grinding wheel to grind turbine disk;

[0024] After the whole mortise and tenon groove processing is finished, the fixture sensor detects that the grinding wheel exits, the fixture drives the turbine disk to rotate, so that the next mortise and tenon groove is aligned with the grinding part to carry out grinding processing.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0026] (1) The present application adopts a detachable grinding wheel, that is, the grinding wheel base body part and the grinding part can be detached, the detachable design allows only the grinding part to be replaced, thereby reducing unnecessary waste and reducing manufacturing, maintenance and use costs; solve the problem of high replacement cost after traditional grinding wheel grinding mortise and tenon groove, and the mortise and tenon groove on both sides can be processed at the same time, which greatly improves the efficiency of mortise and tenon groove processing.

[0027] (2) The grinding wheel of the present application can be divided into claw-shaped grinding wheel and fan-shaped grinding wheel, the claw-shaped grinding wheel includes a clamping plate base body and a claw-shaped grinding part, the clamping plate base body plays a connecting and fixing role, the claw-shaped grinding part improves the flexibility and processing precision of the grinding wheel, and can accurately process complex-shaped mortise and tenon grooves; the fan-shaped grinding wheel includes a cup-shaped base body and a fan-shaped grinding part, the cup-shaped base body has good stability and can withstand uniform pressure from all directions, is not prone to deformation, and the circular arc surface can reduce stress concentration, thereby improving the overall strength and durability; the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with a grooving structure, the grooving structure changes the continuous moving heat source of the grinding arc area into an intermittent moving heat source, enhances the heat dissipation of the grinding area, can greatly reduce the grinding temperature, helps to reduce and avoid thermal damage of the surface layer of the turbine disk, and improves the processing quality.

[0028] (3) The detachable grinding wheel of the present application carries out mortise and tenon groove grinding, the grinding wheel base body adopts a lightweight composite material or a weight reduction design on a metal base body, effectively reduces the overall weight of the grinding wheel, improves the shortcomings that the linear speed of the grinding wheel is too low and the grinding precision of the grinding wheel is reduced due to the excessive weight of the grinding wheel during the grinding process, effectively improves the processing precision and efficiency of the grinding wheel, and meets the needs of surface integrity forming processing; the detachable grinding wheel can replace the grinding part of the grinding wheel in the machine, can omit the process of retooling after replacing the traditional grinding wheel, and greatly improves the efficiency and quality of the grinding process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application form a part thereof, serve to provide further understanding of the present application, and together with the description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application and the explanation thereof serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

[0030] Figure 1 The present application is a turbine disk mortise and tenon groove grinding device Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 2 Isometric view of the turbine disk mortise grinding device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 3 Isometric view of the turbine disk mortise grinding device of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 4(a) is a side view of the double-sided claw structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4(b) is a side view of the single-sided claw structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4(c) is an isometric view of the double-sided claw structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5(a) is a front view of the clamp base body of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5(b) is a side view of the clamp base body of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5(c) is an isometric view of the clamp base body of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6(a) is a front view of the double-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6(b) is a right view of the double-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6(c) is a top view of the double-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6(d) is an isometric view of the double-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7(a) is a front view of the four-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7(b) is a right view of the four-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7(c) is a top view of the four-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7(d) is an isometric view of the four-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8(a) is a front view of the six-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8(b) is a right view of the six-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8(c) is a top view of the six-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8(d) is an isometric view of the six-claw structure claw-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 9(a) is a front view of the double-fan structure fan-shaped grinding wheel of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9(b) is a cross-sectional view of the double-fan structure of the present application;

[0053] Figure 9(c) is an axonometric view of the double-fan structure of the present application;

[0054] Figure 10(a) is a front view of the four-fan structure of the present application;

[0055] Figure 10(b) is a cross-sectional view of the four-fan structure of the present application;

[0056] Figure 10(c) is an axonometric view of the four-fan structure of the present application;

[0057] Figure 11(a) is a front view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with two weight-reducing grooves;

[0058] Figure 11(b) is an axonometric view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with two weight-reducing grooves;

[0059] Figure 11(c) is a cross-sectional view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with two weight-reducing grooves;

[0060] Figure 12(a) is a front view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with four weight-reducing grooves;

[0061] Figure 12(b) is an axonometric view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with four weight-reducing grooves;

[0062] Figure 12(c) is a cross-sectional view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with four weight-reducing grooves;

[0063] Figure 13(a) is a front view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with six weight-reducing grooves;

[0064] Figure 13(b) is an axonometric view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with six weight-reducing grooves;

[0065] Figure 13(c) is a cross-sectional view of the cup-shaped base of the present application with six weight-reducing grooves;

[0066] Figure 14(a) is a schematic view of the cup-shaped base of the present application in cooperation with the fan-shaped grinding portion; Figure 1 ;

[0067] Figure 14(b) is a cross-sectional view of Figure 14(a);

[0068] Figure 15(a) is a front view of the fan-shaped grinding portion of the present application provided with a limiting groove;

[0069] Figure 15(b) is a cross-sectional view of Figure 15(a);

[0070] Figure 15(c) is an axonometric view of the fan-shaped grinding portion of the present application provided with a limiting groove;

[0071] Figure 16(a) is a front view of the cup-shaped base of the present application provided with an annular boss;

[0072] Fig. 16(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 16(a);

[0073] Fig. 16(c) is an axonometric view of the cup-shaped base of the present application provided with an annular boss;

[0074] Fig. 17(a) is a schematic view of the cup-shaped base of the present application cooperating with the sector-shaped grinding portion; Figure 2 ;

[0075] Fig. 17(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 17(a);

[0076] Fig. 18(a) is a front view of the sector-shaped grinding portion of the present application provided with an annular boss;

[0077] Fig. 18(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 18(a);

[0078] Fig. 18(c) is an axonometric view of the sector-shaped grinding portion of the present application provided with an annular boss;

[0079] Fig. 19(a) is a front view of the cup-shaped base of the present application provided with a limiting slot;

[0080] Fig. 19(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 19(a);

[0081] Fig. 19(c) is an axonometric view of the cup-shaped base of the present application provided with a limiting slot;

[0082] Fig. 20(a) is a schematic view of the cup-shaped base of the present application cooperating with the sector-shaped grinding portion; Figure 3 ;

[0083] Fig. 20(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 20(a);

[0084] Fig. 21(a) is a front view of the sector-shaped grinding portion of the present application provided with a semi-annular boss;

[0085] Fig. 21(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 21(a);

[0086] Fig. 21(c) is an axonometric view of the sector-shaped grinding portion of the present application provided with a semi-annular boss;

[0087] Fig. 22(a) is a front view of the cup-shaped base of the present application provided with a mating slot;

[0088] Fig. 22(b) is a sectional view of Fig. 22(a);

[0089] Fig. 22(c) is an axonometric view of the cup-shaped base of the present application provided with a mating slot;

[0090] Fig. 23(a) is a front view of the expansion screw sleeve of the present application;

[0091] Fig. 23(b) is a top view of the expansion screw sleeve of the present application;

[0092] Figure 23(c) is an isometric view of the sleeve of the expansion screw of the present application;

[0093] Figure 24(a) is a front view of the mandrel of the expansion screw of the present application;

[0094] Figure 24(b) is a top view of the mandrel of the expansion screw of the present application;

[0095] Figure 24(c) is an isometric view of the mandrel of the expansion screw of the present application;

[0096] Figure 25(a) is a front view of the expansion screw of the present application;

[0097] Figure 25(b) is a top view of the expansion screw of the present application;

[0098] Figure 25(c) is an isometric view of the expansion screw of the present application.

[0099] Wherein, I, machine tool system, II, turbine disk clamping device, III, grinding wheel;

[0100] I-1, machine tool workbench, I-2, first driving motor, I-3, rotating speed sensor, I-4, first coupling, I-5, speed reducer, I-6, second coupling, I-7, bearing seat;

[0101] II-1, controller, II-2, support seat, II-3, clamp sensor, II-4, second driving motor, II-5, flange plate, II-6, turbine disk, II-7, cover plate, II-8, screw nut, II-9, screw; III-1, claw-shaped grinding part, III-2, double-sided claw-shaped structure, III-3, clamping plate base body, III-4, tool shank, III-5, machine tool spindle, III-6, expansion screw, III-7, single-sided claw-shaped structure, III-8, threaded hole, III-9, mounting hole, III-10, limiting hole, III-11, cup-shaped base body, III-12, fan-shaped grinding part, III-13, lightening groove, III-14, limiting groove, III-15, annular boss, III-16, semi-annular boss, III-17, limiting surface, III-18, mandrel, III-19, sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0102] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0103] Example 1:

[0104] The embodiment provides a detachable grinding wheel for turbine disc mortise and tenon groove, which is installed on a machine tool spindle III-5 through a tool holder III-4, and comprises a detachable grinding wheel base and a grinding part; the grinding wheel base is made of metal material or light composite material, and has good strength and rigidity; when the grinding wheel base is made of metal material, whether a weight reduction scheme is used and the specific weight reduction scheme is determined according to the bearing condition of the machine tool spindle III-5, and when the grinding wheel base is made of light composite material, the weight reduction scheme is generally not used.

[0105] The grinding part is designed according to the structure of the turbine disc II-6 mortise and tenon groove, and has an abrasive layer attached thereto, and the manufacturing precision of the grinding part is 1-2 grades higher than the shape and position precision of the mortise and tenon groove, so that the slight error of the mortise and tenon groove can be corrected through slight material removal in the grinding process, thereby ensuring that the precision of the finally processed mortise and tenon groove reaches or exceeds the design requirement; the grinding part can be designed for single-side grinding or double-side grinding, when the single-side grinding is used, the abrasive layer is distributed on the outer side of the grinding part, and when the double-side grinding is used, the abrasive layer is distributed on the inner and outer sides of the grinding part, so that the machining of two sides and the bottom of the turbine disc II-6 mortise and tenon groove can be completed at one time, and the grinding part is suitable for the finish machining of the circular-arc mortise and tenon groove.

[0106] The abrasive layer is composed of abrasive grains and a binder, wherein the abrasive grains can adopt different arrangement and distribution structures or shapes and particle sizes. The abrasive grains can be diamond or cubic boron nitride (CBN), and are attached to the grinding part through brazing or electroplating technology, so as to ensure the stability and durability in the grinding process. The particle size and arrangement and distribution structure or shape of the abrasive grains are determined according to the machining requirements, such as surface roughness, topography and other surface integrity parameters, and the abrasive grains are fixed on the surface of the grinding part through the binder to form the grinding layer of the grinding wheel.

[0107] The grinding wheel of the embodiment is a claw-shaped grinding wheel, the grinding wheel base of the claw-shaped grinding wheel is a clamping plate base III-3, and the grinding part of the claw-shaped grinding wheel is a claw-shaped grinding part III-1; the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is made of material with high hardness, strength and wear resistance, so that the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 can withstand large cutting force in the grinding process, maintains the shape stability of the claw-shaped structure, and ensures the grinding precision.

[0108] As Figures 5(a)-5(c)As shown, the clamp base III-3 includes two round plates connected by a connecting component, leaving an installation gap of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 between the two round plates. In this embodiment, the connecting component is a cylindrical structure installed at the center of the round plate; the connecting component and the round plate correspondingly have an installation hole III-9 with a key groove to achieve stable key connection with the tool handle III-4. The two round plates correspondingly have threaded holes III-8 uniformly distributed around the installation hole III-9; the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 has a limiting hole III-10 corresponding to the threaded hole III-8, and the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is detachably connected to the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 through the threaded hole III-8 and the limiting hole III-10.

[0109] The installation end surface of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 and the round plate is a circular arc surface, which is matched with the arc of the cylindrical structure, so that the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is fitted with the connecting component after being inserted into the installation gap, and the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is more stable in connection with the clamp base III-3. The claw-shaped grinding part III-1 can be provided with two or more than two, such as Figures 6(a)-6(d) As shown, the clamp base III-3 installs two claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, i.e. a double-claw structure, and the two claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 are collinear with the center of the clamp base III-3; as shown Figures 7(a)-7(d) As shown, the clamp base III-3 installs four claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, i.e. a four-claw structure; as shown Figures 8(a)-8(d) As shown, the clamp base III-3 installs six claw-shaped grinding parts III-1, i.e. a six-claw structure.

[0110] The other end of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 away from the installation end is provided with a claw part, as shown in FIG. 4(a) and FIG. 4(c), the claw part is provided on the inner and outer sides of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1, forming a double-sided claw-shaped structure III-2 for double-sided grinding; as shown in FIG. 4(b), the claw part is provided on the outer side of the claw-shaped grinding part III-1, forming a single-sided claw-shaped structure III-7 for single-sided grinding.

[0111] When the number of claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 reaches or exceeds two, the maximum gap between the adjacent two claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 must be not less than the thickness of the turbine disc II-6, so as to ensure that the grinding wheel can smoothly pass through the tenon groove of the turbine disc II-6, thereby completing the grinding of the tenon groove. The maximum number of claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 of the grinding wheel can be calculated by formula (1):

[0112]

[0113] In formula (1), n maxR is the radius of the inner circle of the grinding wheel, I is the total width of the claw-shaped grinding portion III-1, including the width of the claw-shaped grinding portion III-1, l1, which ranges from 0 to πD, and the gap, l2, between adjacent two claw-shaped grinding portions III-1, the minimum value of which is equal to the thickness of the turbine disk II-6, and the maximum value of which cannot exceed the circumference of the inner circle of the grinding wheel.

[0114] Embodiment 2:

[0115] The embodiment provides a detachable grinding wheel for turbine disk tenon slot grinding, wherein the grinding wheel is a fan-shaped grinding wheel, the grinding wheel base of the fan-shaped grinding wheel is a cup-shaped base III-11, and the grinding portion of the fan-shaped grinding wheel is a fan-shaped grinding portion III-12.

[0116] The cup-shaped base III-11 is in the shape of a cup, specifically, the longitudinal section of the cup-shaped base III-11 is isosceles trapezoidal, and the transverse section is circular; the shape has good stability, can withstand uniform pressure from all directions, is not prone to deformation, and the circular arc surface can reduce stress concentration, thereby improving the overall strength and durability; meanwhile, the base can be lightened in multiple ways to reduce the weight of the grinding wheel and improve the rotating speed of the grinding wheel.

[0117] The fan-shaped grinding portion III-12 is installed at the larger-diameter end of the cup-shaped base III-11, the angle range of the fan-shaped grinding portion III-12 is less than or equal to 360°, that is, the fan-shaped grinding portion III-12 can be installed singly or in multiple numbers. When two or more fan-shaped grinding portions III-12 are installed, that is, the angle of a single fan-shaped grinding portion III-12 is less than 360°, a gap is left between adjacent fan-shaped grinding portions III-12, that is, a slotted structure is formed, so that the interference between the grinding wheel and the turbine disk II-6 can be avoided during grinding, thereby realizing rapid and flexible infeed, tool setting and retreat, and increasing the chip space and reducing the blockage of the grinding wheel; in addition, the slotted structure changes the continuous moving heat source of the grinding arc area into an intermittent moving heat source, enhances the heat dissipation of the grinding area, can greatly reduce the grinding temperature, helps to reduce and avoid the thermal damage of the surface layer of the turbine disk II-6, and improves the machining quality; meanwhile, the slotted structure can increase the flow of cooling liquid entering the grinding area, can make the grinding fluid enter and exit the grinding area at a higher frequency, and plays a better cooling effect.

[0118] When two or more fan-shaped grinding portions III-12 are installed, the basic principle of installation is that the gap between adjacent two fan-shaped grinding portions III-12 should be greater than or equal to the thickness of the turbine disk II-6, which has the same effect as the slotted structure. The maximum number of the fan-shaped grinding portion III-12 can be obtained by formula (2):

[0119]

[0120] In formula (2), d represents the width between the sector grinding parts III-12, the minimum value of which is also equal to the thickness of the turbine disk II-6, and the maximum value cannot exceed the circumference of the inner circle of the grinding wheel.

[0121] like Figures 9(a)-9(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 is installed with two sector-shaped grinding parts III-12, and the two sector-shaped grinding parts III-12 are symmetrically installed; Figures 10(a)-10(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 is installed with four sector-shaped grinding parts III-12, and the four sector-shaped grinding parts III-12 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0122] For the weight reduction scheme, a weight reduction groove III-13 can be opened on the cup-shaped base III-11, and the shape of the weight reduction groove III-13 can be square, triangular or arc-shaped. The number of weight reduction grooves III-13 is not limited. It should be noted that the number of weight reduction grooves III-13 can be an odd number or an even number. In this embodiment, the shape of the weight reduction groove III-13 is an arc-shaped. The arc-shaped groove can disperse the stress of the base when it is under force and reduce stress concentration. At the same time, it can distribute stress more evenly, thereby resisting deformation and damage. As the number of weight reduction grooves III-13 increases, the arc length and height of the corresponding weight reduction groove III-13 decrease, and its rotation angle is α.

[0123]

[0124] In formula (3), n represents the number of turbine disks II-6.

[0125] like Figures 11(a)-11(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 is symmetrically provided with two weight-reducing grooves III-13; Figures 12(a)-12(c) As shown, the cup-shaped base III-11 has three weight-reducing grooves III-13 evenly distributed thereon; Figures 13(a)-13(c) As shown, six weight-reducing grooves III-13 are evenly distributed on the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0126] Regarding the connection mode between the sector-shaped grinding component and the cup-shaped base III-11, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14(a) and FIG. 14(b), Figures 15(a)-15(c) as well as Figures 16(a)-16(c)As shown in the cup-shaped base III-11 and the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with an annular boss III-15, the annular boss III-15 is provided with a limiting hole III-10 on the side; the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11 is provided with a limiting groove III-14, the limiting groove III-14 is inserted into the annular boss III-15, at the same time, the limiting protrusion of the fan-shaped grinding part inside the limiting groove III-14 is also provided with a limiting hole III-10, the expansion screw III-6 is arranged in the limiting hole III-10 to realize the connection between the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0127] As shown in the cup-shaped base III-11 and the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with an annular boss III-15, the annular boss III-15 is provided with a limiting hole III-10 on the side; the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11 is provided with a limiting groove III-14, the limiting groove III-14 is inserted into the annular boss III-15, at the same time, the limiting protrusion of the fan-shaped grinding part inside the limiting groove III-14 is also provided with a limiting hole III-10, the expansion screw III-6 is arranged in the limiting hole III-10 to realize the connection between the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11. Figures 25(a)-25(c) As shown in the cup-shaped base III-11 and the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with an annular boss III-15, the annular boss III-15 is provided with a limiting hole III-10 on the side; the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11 is provided with a limiting groove III-14, the limiting groove III-14 is inserted into the annular boss III-15, at the same time, the limiting protrusion of the fan-shaped grinding part inside the limiting groove III-14 is also provided with a limiting hole III-10, the expansion screw III-6 is arranged in the limiting hole III-10 to realize the connection between the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11. Figures 24(a)-24(c) As shown in the cup-shaped base III-11 and the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with an annular boss III-15, the annular boss III-15 is provided with a limiting hole III-10 on the side; the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11 is provided with a limiting groove III-14, the limiting groove III-14 is inserted into the annular boss III-15, at the same time, the limiting protrusion of the fan-shaped grinding part inside the limiting groove III-14 is also provided with a limiting hole III-10, the expansion screw III-6 is arranged in the limiting hole III-10 to realize the connection between the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0128] As shown in the cup-shaped base III-11 and the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part is provided with an annular boss III-15, the annular boss III-15 is provided with a limiting hole III-10 on the side; the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11 is provided with a limiting groove III-14, the limiting groove III-14 is inserted into the annular boss III-15, at the same time, the limiting protrusion of the fan-shaped grinding part inside the limiting groove III-14 is also provided with a limiting hole III-10, the expansion screw III-6 is arranged in the limiting hole III-10 to realize the connection between the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0129] It should be noted that the diameter and depth of the limiting hole III-10 should match the specifications of the expansion screw III-6, and the depth of the slot should not be too deep to avoid the thinning of the grinding part and the deformation of the grinding wheel during work, which affects the machining precision.

[0130] Example 3:

[0131] The grinding wheel of this embodiment is a fan-shaped grinding wheel, which is different from example 2: as shown in the figures 17(a) and 17(b), Figures 18(a)-18(c) and Figures 19(a)-19(c) As shown in the figures, the annular boss III-15 is arranged on the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding part III-12, and the limiting groove III-14 is arranged on the contact surface of the cup-shaped base III-11.

[0132] The other structures are the same as those of example 2, which will not be described here.

[0133] Example 4:

[0134] The grinding wheel of the embodiment is a fan-shaped grinding wheel, which is different from that of embodiment 2. As shown in FIG. 20(a) and FIG. 20(b), Figures 21(a)-21(c) and Figures 22(a)-22(c) the contact surface of the fan-shaped grinding portion III-12 is provided with two symmetrical semi-annular bosses III-16, the end faces of the two semi-annular bosses III-16 are spaced apart; the semi-annular boss III-16 is provided with a limiting hole III-10. The contact surface of the cup-shaped base III-11 is provided with a matching groove, the shape of the matching groove is shown in FIG. 22(c), which is composed of two parts, that is, a fan-shaped groove and a semi-annular groove communicating with the fan-shaped groove, the end face of the semi-annular groove is a limiting surface III-17, which abuts against the end of the semi-annular boss III-16, so that the grinding wheel is circumferentially positioned during high-speed operation; the inner side (close to the center side) of the semi-annular groove is provided with a limiting hole III-10.

[0135] The other structures are the same as those of embodiment 2, which will not be described here.

[0136] Embodiment 5:

[0137] The embodiment provides a turbine disc mortise grinding device, as shown in Figures 1-3 which comprises a machine tool system I, a turbine disc clamping device II and a grinding wheel III, the grinding wheel III adopts the detachable grinding wheel according to any one of embodiments 1-4; the machine tool system I comprises a machine tool workbench I-1 and a machine tool spindle III-5, the grinding wheel III is installed on the machine tool spindle III-5 through a tool holder III-4, and the grinding wheel and the tool holder III-4 are dynamically balanced after cooperation, and the dynamic balance grade is G2.5.

[0138] The turbine disc clamping device II comprises a driving mechanism and a clamp. In the embodiment, the driving mechanism comprises a first driving motor I-2, a speed reducer I-5, a lead screw II-9 and a lead screw nut II-8, the first driving motor I-2 is connected with the speed reducer I-5 through a first shaft coupling I-4, and the speed reducer I-5 is connected with the lead screw II-9 through a second shaft coupling I-6; the lead screw II-9 is supported on the upper side of the machine tool workbench I-1 by a bearing seat I-7, the lead screw nut II-8 is matched with the lead screw II-9, the clamp is used for clamping the turbine disc II-6, and the clamp is connected with the nut through a support seat II-2, the clamp moves along the lead screw II-9 with the support seat II-2 by rotating the lead screw II-9, so that the installation position of the turbine disc II-6 can be flexibly adjusted, and the turbine disc II-6 can be better ground.

[0139] The first driving motor I-2 is provided with a rotating speed sensor I-3 for feeding back and controlling the rotating speed of the first driving motor I-2. The first driving motor I-2 can be a direct current servo motor or an alternating current servo motor, and the reducer I-5 can be a single-stage gear reducer I-5, a harmonic gear reducer I-5 or an RV reducer I-5.

[0140] The clamp comprises a second driving motor II-4, a flange plate II-5, a cover plate II-7, and the turbine disc II-6 is assembled on the motor shaft of the second driving motor II-4 by the flange plate II-5 and the cover plate II-7 through bolts; the second driving motor II-4 is fixed on the support seat II-2, and the second driving motor II-4 is installed in the vertical direction. The support seat II-2 is also provided with a clamp sensor II-3 and a controller II-1. The clamp sensor II-3 can be an inductance sensor or a voltage sensor, which can measure the displacement, pressure and vibration of the grinding wheel and other parameters, feed back the infeed and outfeed signals of the grinding wheel, and convert the pressure signal into a voltage or current signal into the controller II-1. The specific working process is as follows: when the grinding wheel is outfed, the clamp sensor II-3 detects the signal, the signal is amplified and conditioned, and then fed back to the controller II-1. The controller II-1 analyzes the signal and quickly responds, sends a command to the second driving motor II-4, and the second driving motor II-4 drives the turbine disc II-6 to rotate by a certain angle.

[0141] Embodiment 6:

[0142] The embodiment provides a turbine disc mortise grinding method, and the grinding device in embodiment 5 is used, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0143] Step 1: cleaning the surface of the workpiece to be processed.

[0144] Step 2: installation:

[0145] (1) installing the grinding wheel III on the machine tool main shaft III-5;

[0146] (2) installing the driving mechanism, the clamp, the turbine disc II-6 and the lead screw II-9 on the machine tool workbench I-1, detecting the equipment installation precision and ensuring that the parallelism between the turbine disc II-6 and the machine tool workbench I-1 is less than 10 μm.

[0147] Step 3: grinding:

[0148] (1) moving the grinding part of the grinding wheel into the mortise of the turbine disc II-6, so that the grinding part is aligned with the shape of the mortise of the turbine disc II-6;

[0149] (2) Through the use of programming software, pre-programmed for turbine disk II-6 mortise slot grinding process, turbine disk II-6 mortise slot grinding; when using single-sided grinding wheel, the wheel and turbine disk II-6 move to the appropriate position to start a side grinding, when grinding is completed, turbine disk II-6 rotation angle, the next mortise grinding. When using double-sided grinding wheel, turbine disk II-6 and the wheel are moved to the appropriate position for mortise processing on both sides, until the mortise processing precision reaches the required precision requirements.

[0150] (3) When the entire mortise processing is completed, the fixture detects the wheel exit through the fixture sensor II-3, feeds the signal back to the controller II-1, and rotates the second drive motor II-4 by a certain angle (the rotation angle can be determined by the number of turbine disk II-6 mortise), and starts the grinding process of the next mortise, and so on, until all mortise grinding is completed.

[0151] When a single claw-shaped grinding part III-1 is used for grinding, its motion trajectory is pendulum type. Specifically, the single claw-shaped grinding part III-1 will reciprocate within a predetermined angle range, and this pendulum type motion mode helps to achieve more uniform material removal rate during mortise grinding, thereby significantly improving the grinding efficiency.

[0152] If multiple claw-shaped grinding parts III-1 are used for grinding, according to the specific requirements of processing and the shape characteristics of the mortise, the pendulum trajectory can be continued to maintain the uniformity and efficiency of grinding, or a more traditional circular trajectory can be selected, so that the claw-shaped grinding part III-1 moves in a circular motion around a center point. In some cases, this circular trajectory may be more suitable for processing mortises with specific shapes or precision.

[0153] Among them, the grinding parameters include the grinding wheel speed, spindle feed speed and grinding depth, which are determined according to the turbine disk II-6 material and mortise processing requirements; the grinding wheel linear speed is set to 5-100 m / s, and the grinding wheel speed is converted according to the grinding wheel diameter; the spindle feed speed is set to 50-5000 mm / min; the grinding depth is set to 0.005-1 mm.

[0154] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding the tongue and groove of a turbine disc, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grinding wheel base and a grinding part. The grinding wheel base is provided with at least two grinding parts in a circumferential direction, and the grinding parts are detachably connected to the grinding wheel base. The grinding parts are connected to the grinding wheel base via expansion screws. An abrasive layer is attached to the surface of the grinding part. The abrasive layer is composed of abrasive grains and a binder. The abrasive grains have different arrangement and distribution structures or shapes and particle sizes. The grinding wheel base is made of metal or lightweight composite materials. The grinding wheel base is a splint base or a cup-shaped base, and the grinding part is a claw-shaped grinding part or a fan-shaped grinding part. The claw-shaped grinding part and the splint base constitute a claw-shaped grinding wheel, and the fan-shaped grinding part and the cup-shaped base constitute a fan-shaped grinding wheel; the grinding wheel base can be provided with a weight-reducing groove; the expansion screw includes a sleeve and a core shaft, and the core shaft is coaxially arranged on the inner side of the sleeve; when the core shaft is tightened, the sleeve expands in the corresponding hole.

2. A detachable grinding wheel for tongue and groove grinding of turbine discs according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate base includes two circular plates parallel to each other, which are connected by a connecting component and have an installation gap. One end of the claw-shaped grinding part extends into the installation gap and is detachably connected to the circular plates.

3. The detachable grinding wheel for tongue and groove grinding of turbine disc according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting component is a cylindrical structure, and the end surface of the claw-shaped grinding part extending into the installation gap is an arc surface so as to fit with the cylindrical structure.

4. A detachable grinding wheel for grinding tongue and groove of turbine disc according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The other end of the claw-shaped grinding part is provided with a claw portion, and the claw portion is arranged outside the claw-shaped grinding part, or is arranged on both sides of the inside and outside of the claw-shaped grinding part.

5. The detachable grinding wheel for tongue and groove grinding of turbine disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle range of the sector-shaped grinding portion is less than or equal to 360°; The cup-shaped base is provided with a boss, and the sector-shaped grinding portion is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the boss; or the sector-shaped grinding portion is provided with a boss, and the cup-shaped base is provided with a limiting groove adapted to the boss.

6. A turbine disc tongue and groove grinding device, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool system, a turbine disc clamping device and a detachable grinding wheel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the detachable grinding wheel is mounted on a main shaft of the machine tool; The turbine disc clamping device includes a clamp, a clamp sensor and a driving mechanism. The clamp is used to clamp the turbine disc, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the clamp to move linearly to change the position of the turbine disc; the clamp sensor is used to feed back the detection signal to the controller when the grinding wheel retracts, and the controller controls the clamp to rotate the turbine disc.

7. A turbine disc tenon and groove grinding method, characterized in that: The grinding device according to claim 6 comprises: Move the grinding part of the grinding wheel into the tenon groove of the turbine disc and align the grinding part with the shape of the tenon groove; The turbine disc is ground using a single-sided grinding wheel or a double-sided grinding wheel; After the entire mortise and tenon processing is completed, the fixture sensor detects that the grinding wheel has exited, and the fixture drives the turbine disc to rotate so that the next mortise and tenon is aligned with the grinding part for grinding.

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