Perpendicular landing system and method for manned spaceflight reentry capsule

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical landing system and method for a manned spaceflight reentry capsule, and aims to improve the stability and safety of the reentry capsule in the landing process. The system comprises a reentry capsule main body, a large bearing device, a clamping groove mechanism, a lateral rotary spraying device, a sensor device and a control system. The reentry capsule body is composed of an inner body and an outer shell with a gap therebetween to mount a large bearing arrangement, supporting and allowing rotation of the outer shell relative to the inner body. The clamping groove mechanism is used for locking the relative position of the outer shell and the inner body when external rotation is not needed. The lateral rotary spraying device is installed on the periphery of the lower middle portion of the shell and sprays gas or liquid downwards in an inclined mode to enable the shell to rotate, and the reentry capsule is kept stable through the gyroscopic effect. The sensor device monitors the attitude, speed and height of the reentry capsule, and the control system calculates and controls an injection strategy according to data to realize stable vertical landing. By accurately controlling the injection and locking mechanism, the landing performance of the reentry capsule and the safety guarantee of astronauts are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aerospace technology, and in particular to a vertical landing system and method for a manned space return capsule. Background Art

[0002] In traditional manned space capsule landing technology, a combination of parachute deceleration and landing cushioning devices is often used to achieve landing. Although this technology ensures the safety of astronauts to a certain extent, it also has some limitations. For example, the deceleration effect of the parachute is greatly affected by meteorological conditions such as wind speed and wind direction, which may cause the landing point to deviate from the predetermined position; at the same time, the landing cushioning device has limited energy absorption during the landing process, and for a high-speed, heavy-loaded return capsule, it may not be able to fully guarantee the safety of the landing.

[0003] In order to overcome the limitations of traditional landing technology and improve the landing performance of manned space return capsule, a lateral rotating jet technology is needed.

[0004] By setting a lateral rotating jet device on the outer shell of the return capsule, the reaction force generated by the jet is used to make the outer shell of the return capsule rotate rapidly relative to the internal cabin. The rotating outer shell produces a gyroscopic effect, which helps to maintain the stability of the return capsule during landing. At the same time, by accurately controlling the jet strategy of the jet device, the attitude of the return capsule can be accurately adjusted to ensure landing in a vertical attitude. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a manned space return capsule vertical landing system and method.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, a manned space return capsule vertical landing system and method, characterized in that it includes:

[0008] The return capsule body includes an inner body and an outer shell, with a certain gap between the inner body and the outer shell for installing a large bearing device;

[0009] Large bearing devices are installed at both ends of the central axis of the return capsule body and are located in the gap between the inner body and the outer shell, and are used to support and allow the outer shell to rotate relative to the inner body;

[0010] A slot mechanism, provided on the large bearing device, for locking the relative position between the outer shell and the inner body chamber when external rotation is not required, to prevent unintentional relative movement;

[0011] The lateral rotating jet device is installed around the middle and lower part of the return capsule outer shell, and the jet direction is obliquely downward. It is used to start and spray gas or liquid during the landing process, so that the outer shell rotates rapidly relative to the internal cabin body, and uses the gyroscopic effect to maintain the stability of the return capsule.

[0012] In this implementation, the following workflow is included:

[0013] System initialization:

[0014] Before the return capsule enters the landing phase, the system initialization operation is first performed, which includes starting the sensor device, control system, and control mechanism of the lateral rotating jet device.

[0015] The sensor device begins to monitor key parameters such as the return capsule's attitude, speed, and altitude, and transmits the data to the control system in real time.

[0016] Landing point prediction:

[0017] The control system predicts and calculates the landing point based on sensor data combined with information such as flight trajectory and weather conditions.

[0018] The prediction results will be used to guide subsequent landing strategies to ensure that the return capsule can land accurately at the predetermined location.

[0019] To activate the side-spin jet device:

[0020] When the return capsule approaches the landing point, the control system starts the lateral rotating jet device in a timely manner based on the calculation results.

[0021] These devices spray gas or liquid to cause the outer shell of the reentry capsule to rotate rapidly relative to the inner capsule.

[0022] Using the gyroscopic effect to maintain stability:

[0023] The rotating outer shell produces a gyroscopic effect, which enables the return capsule to maintain the direction of its rotation axis (i.e., the central axis) unchanged when it is subject to external interference (such as wind, airflow, etc.).

[0024] The control system ensures that the return capsule maintains a stable posture during the rotation process by continuously adjusting the injection strategy of the lateral rotating jet device.

[0025] Posture Adjustment:

[0026] As the return capsule approaches the ground, the control system makes final attitude adjustments based on sensor data and landing point predictions.

[0027] This includes adjusting the pitch angle, yaw angle, etc. of the return capsule to ensure that the return capsule can land in a vertical posture.

[0028] To shut down the side jetting device:

[0029] When the return capsule is about to land, the control system shuts down the lateral rotating jet device in time to stop the rotation of the outer shell.

[0030] At the same time, the relative position of the outer shell and the internal cabin body is locked to ensure the safety of the astronauts and internal instruments.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the first aspect, the lateral rotary jetting device comprises:

[0032] The injection port is arranged on the outer wall surface and is oriented obliquely downward to inject gas or liquid;

[0033] A control mechanism, used to control the opening and closing of the injection port and to adjust the injection flow rate and speed;

[0034] The energy supply device provides the necessary energy for the injection device.

[0035] In a specific embodiment of the first aspect, the slot mechanism includes a slot, a fixing claw and a power source mechanism, the slot is arranged inside the shell, the power source mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the large bearing device, the fixing claw is arranged at the output end of the power source mechanism, and the fixing claw is engaged with the slot under the drive of the power source mechanism, so as to fix the internal body and the shell.

[0036] In a specific implementation of the first aspect, it also includes:

[0037] Sensor device, used to monitor the attitude, speed and altitude parameters of the return capsule and transmit the data to the control system;

[0038] The control system calculates and controls the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device according to the data transmitted by the sensor device to achieve a stable vertical landing of the return capsule.

[0039] In a second aspect, a method for a manned space capsule vertical landing system comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Before the return capsule enters the landing phase, start the sensor device and control system to begin monitoring the status of the return capsule;

[0041] Step 2: Based on the data transmitted by the sensor device, the control system calculates and determines the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device;

[0042] Step 3: Start the lateral rotation jet device to make the shell of the return capsule start to rotate, and use the gyroscopic effect to maintain the stability of the return capsule;

[0043] Step 4: When the return capsule approaches the ground, adjust the attitude of the return capsule according to the landing point calculated by the control system to ensure a vertical landing;

[0044] Step 5: After landing, close the lateral rotating jet device and lock the relative position of the outer shell and the inner cabin to ensure the safety of the astronauts and internal instruments.

[0045] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0046] 1. The present invention realizes the rapid rotation of the return capsule shell relative to the internal capsule by integrating a large bearing device and a lateral rotating jet device. This design makes full use of the principle of the gyroscopic effect and can significantly improve the stability of the return capsule during landing even in the face of complex meteorological conditions and external interference. By precisely controlling the jet strategy of the jet device, it can ensure that the return capsule lands in a stable posture, greatly reducing the risk during landing;

[0047] 2. The system's slot mechanism is ingeniously designed to lock the relative position of the outer shell and the internal cabin without external rotation, preventing unintentional relative movement. This function is particularly important during landing because it ensures the safety of astronauts during landing. Even after landing, the slot mechanism can continue to work to prevent the outer shell from continuing to rotate due to inertia, which may cause damage to astronauts or internal instruments;

[0048] 3. The integration of the sensor device and the control system enables the return capsule to monitor its key parameters such as attitude, speed and altitude in real time. These data provide precise inputs to the control system, enabling it to calculate and control the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device to achieve a stable vertical landing of the return capsule. This precise control not only improves the accuracy of the landing, but also makes the landing process more efficient, reducing unnecessary energy consumption and time delays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 1 In: 1. Return capsule body; 2. Large bearing device; 3. Slot mechanism; 4. Lateral rotating jet device; 11. Inner body; 12. Outer shell; 31. Power source mechanism; 32. Fixing claw; 33. Slot; 41. Jet port; 42. Control mechanism; 43. Energy supply device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 The manned space capsule vertical landing system and method shown include: a capsule body 1, including an inner body 11 and an outer shell 12, wherein a certain gap is provided between the inner body 11 and the outer shell 12 for installing a large bearing device 2; the large bearing device 2 is installed at both ends of the central axis of the capsule body 1 and is located in the gap between the inner body 11 and the outer shell 12, and is used to support and allow the outer shell 12 to rotate relative to the inner body 11 cabin; a slot mechanism 3 is provided on the large bearing device 2, and is used to lock the relative position between the outer shell 12 and the inner body 11 cabin when external rotation is not required to prevent unintentional relative movement; a lateral rotating injection device 4 is installed around the middle and lower part of the capsule outer shell 12, and the injection direction is obliquely downward, and is used to start and inject gas or liquid during landing, so that the outer shell 12 rotates rapidly relative to the inner body 11 cabin, and the gyroscopic effect is used to maintain the stability of the capsule.

[0053] The lateral rotating injection device 4 includes: an injection port 41, which is arranged on the outer wall surface and is slanted downward, and is used to inject gas or liquid; a control mechanism 42, which is used to control the opening and closing of the injection port 41, and to adjust the injection flow and speed; an energy supply device 43, which provides the necessary energy for the injection device.

[0054] The slot mechanism 3 includes a slot 33, a fixing claw 32 and a power source mechanism 31. The slot 3 is arranged inside the outer shell 12, the power source mechanism 31 is arranged on the inner side of the large bearing device 2, and the fixing claw 32 is arranged at the output end of the power source mechanism 31. The fixing claw 32 is engaged with the slot 33 under the drive of the power source mechanism 31, and is used to fix the internal body 11 and the outer shell 12.

[0055] It also includes: a sensor device for monitoring the attitude, speed and altitude parameters of the return capsule and transmitting the data to a control system; a control system for calculating and controlling the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device based on the data transmitted by the sensor device to achieve a stable vertical landing of the return capsule.

[0056] A method for a manned space capsule vertical landing system comprises the following steps: Step 1: before the capsule body 1 enters the landing phase, the sensor device and the control system are started to monitor the state of the capsule; Step 2: based on the data transmitted by the sensor device, the control system calculates and determines the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device 4; Step 3: the lateral rotating injection device 4 is started to rotate the capsule shell 12, and the stability of the capsule body 1 is maintained by the gyro effect; Step 4: when the capsule body 1 approaches the ground, the attitude of the capsule body 1 is adjusted according to the landing point position calculated by the control system to ensure vertical landing; Step 5: after landing, the lateral rotating injection device 4 is closed, and the relative position of the shell 12 and the internal body 11 is locked to ensure the safety of astronauts and internal instruments.

[0057] Embodiment: Return capsule body 1

[0058] Inner body 11: As the main load-bearing structure for astronauts and internal instruments, it is made of high-strength, lightweight materials to ensure safety during landing.

[0059] The outer shell 12 surrounds the inner body 11 and is made of high temperature resistant and impact resistant materials to protect the inner body 11 from damage by the external environment. A certain gap is left between the outer shell 12 and the inner body 11 for installing the large bearing device 2.

[0060] Large bearing device 2

[0061] The bearing device 2 is installed at both ends of the central axis of the return capsule body 1, and is located in the gap between the inner body 11 and the outer shell 12. The bearing device 2 adopts a high-precision, low-friction design to support and allow the outer shell 12 to rotate relative to the inner body 11.

[0062] Slot mechanism 3

[0063] The card slot 33 is disposed inside the housing 12 and is used for carding with the fixing claw 32 .

[0064] The power source mechanism 31 is arranged inside the large bearing device 2 and provides power to drive the movement of the fixed claw 32 .

[0065] The fixing claw 32 is arranged at the output end of the power source mechanism 31 and is used to engage with the card slot 33 when necessary to fix the relative position of the outer shell 12 and the inner body 11 .

[0066] Lateral rotating jet device 4

[0067] The injection port 41 is arranged around the middle and lower part of the housing 12, and is directed obliquely downward to inject gas or liquid to generate a rotational force.

[0068] Control mechanism 42: responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the injection port 41, and adjusting the injection flow rate and speed.

[0069] Energy supply device 43: provides the required energy for the injection device 4 to ensure that it can work normally when needed.

[0070] Sensor devices and control systems

[0071] Sensor device: used to monitor the attitude, speed and altitude parameters of the return capsule to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data.

[0072] Control system: Based on the data transmitted by the sensor device, calculate and control the injection strategy of the lateral rotating jet device to achieve a stable vertical landing of the return capsule.

[0073] Method steps

[0074] Step 1: Start monitoring

[0075] Before the return capsule body 1 enters the landing phase, the sensor device and the control system are started. The sensor device begins to monitor key parameters such as the attitude, speed and altitude of the return capsule, and transmits the data to the control system for analysis and processing.

[0076] Step 2: Calculate the injection strategy

[0077] The control system calculates and determines the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device 4 according to the data transmitted by the sensor device. This includes determining the parameters such as the opening time, injection flow rate and speed of the injection port 41 to ensure that the return capsule shell 12 can generate sufficient rotational force to maintain stability by utilizing the gyroscopic effect.

[0078] Step 3: Start the rotary jet

[0079] According to the injection strategy calculated by the control system, the lateral rotation injection device 4 is started. The injection port 41 starts to inject gas or liquid, causing the return capsule shell 12 to start rotating. The gyroscopic effect generated by the rotation helps to maintain the stability of the return capsule body 1 and reduce shaking and tilting during landing.

[0080] Step 4: Adjust landing attitude

[0081] When the return capsule body 1 approaches the ground, the control system calculates and adjusts the attitude of the return capsule body 1 according to the data transmitted by the sensor device. This includes adjusting parameters such as the tilt angle and rotation speed of the return capsule to ensure that the return capsule can land in a vertical attitude.

[0082] Step 5: Lock after landing

[0083] After landing, the control system turns off the lateral rotation jet device 4 and starts the power source mechanism 31 of the slot mechanism 3. Driven by the power source mechanism 31, the fixing claw 32 engages with the slot 33 to lock the relative position of the outer shell 12 and the inner body 11. This helps to ensure the safety of the astronauts and the internal instruments and prevents possible damage caused by the continued rotation of the outer shell 12.

[0084] Implementation Effect

[0085] The manned space capsule vertical landing system and method described in this embodiment can significantly improve the stability and safety of the capsule during landing. The gyroscopic effect and the rotational force generated by the lateral rotation jet device 4 can effectively reduce the shaking and tilting during landing, ensuring that the capsule can land in a vertical posture. At the same time, the locking function of the slot mechanism 3 also helps to ensure the safety of astronauts and internal instruments.

[0086] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A manned space return capsule vertical landing system and method, characterized in that: include: The return capsule body includes an inner body and an outer shell, with a certain gap between the inner body and the outer shell for installing a large bearing device; Large bearing devices are installed at both ends of the central axis of the return capsule body and are located in the gap between the inner body and the outer shell, and are used to support and allow the outer shell to rotate relative to the inner body; A slot mechanism, provided on the large bearing device, for locking the relative position between the outer shell and the inner body chamber when external rotation is not required, to prevent unintentional relative movement; The lateral rotating jet device is installed around the middle and lower part of the return capsule outer shell, and the jet direction is obliquely downward. It is used to start and spray gas or liquid during the landing process, so that the outer shell rotates rapidly relative to the internal cabin body, and uses the gyroscopic effect to maintain the stability of the return capsule.

2. The manned space return capsule vertical landing system and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lateral rotary jetting device comprises: The injection port is arranged on the outer wall surface and is oriented obliquely downward to inject gas or liquid; A control mechanism, used to control the opening and closing of the injection port and to adjust the injection flow rate and speed; The energy supply device provides the necessary energy for the injection device.

3. The manned space return capsule vertical landing system and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slot mechanism includes a slot, a fixing claw and a power source mechanism. The slot is arranged inside the shell, the power source mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the large bearing device, and the fixing claw is arranged at the output end of the power source mechanism. The fixing claw is engaged with the slot under the drive of the power source mechanism, so as to fix the internal body and the shell.

4. The manned space return capsule vertical landing system and method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: Sensor device, used to monitor the attitude, speed and altitude parameters of the return capsule and transmit the data to the control system; The control system calculates and controls the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device according to the data transmitted by the sensor device to achieve a stable vertical landing of the return capsule.

5. A method for using the manned space capsule vertical landing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Before the return capsule enters the landing phase, start the sensor device and control system to begin monitoring the status of the return capsule; Step 2: Based on the data transmitted by the sensor device, the control system calculates and determines the injection strategy of the lateral rotating injection device; Step 3: Start the lateral rotation jet device to make the shell of the return capsule start to rotate, and use the gyroscopic effect to maintain the stability of the return capsule; Step 4: When the return capsule approaches the ground, adjust the attitude of the return capsule according to the landing point calculated by the control system to ensure a vertical landing; Step 5: After landing, turn off the lateral rotating jet device and lock the relative position of the outer shell and the inner cabin to ensure the safety of the astronauts and internal instruments.

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