Preparation method of porous polyamide fiber with multiple resistance effects

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a porous polyamide fiber with multiple resistance effects, which comprises the following steps: step 1, putting polyamide chips into a stock bin, inputting into a screw extruder for high-temperature melting, metering and distributing to a spinning manifold through a metering pump, spraying out through a spinneret plate in the spinning manifold to form melt trickles, cooling through side blowing, bundling and oiling, and obtaining the porous polyamide fiber with multiple resistance effects; obtaining nascent fibers; 2, after the nascent fiber is subjected to pre-interlacing, the nascent fiber is subjected to low-temperature high drafting and main interlacing through a GR1 roller and a GR2 roller, and then winding forming is conducted; the draft ratio between the roller GR1 and the roller GR2 is controlled to be 1.4-1.7, and the temperature of the roller GR2 is controlled to be 120-140 DEG C. The prepared yarn is soft, glutinous and fine in hand feeling, wear-resistant and not prone to deformation, the formed fabric is soft, glutinous and fine in hand feeling, free of deformation, free of pilling and snagging and good in wear resistance, the feeling of breathability, coolness and mild touch of a polyamide fiber fabric is reserved, and the fabric is more cool to wear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fiber production, and in particular to a method for preparing porous nylon fiber with multiple resistance effects. Background Art

[0002] In the existing textile technology, fabrics, especially porous fiber fabrics, will be entangled and tangled to a certain extent after long-term wearing, washing or sports friction, and the fibers in the fabric will be affected by external forces, resulting in pilling and even yarn breakage, which will reduce the comfort and aesthetics of the clothing.

[0003] Porous nylon is a special fiber material that has high air permeability and hygroscopicity by forming a large number of pore structures inside the fiber. Because porous nylon has high air permeability and hygroscopicity, it is widely used in sportswear, shoes, socks and other fields. In sportswear, porous nylon can effectively improve the comfort and sports experience of the wearer, which not only ensures the breathability during exercise, but also effectively absorbs sweat and moisture, avoiding the impact of excessive heat and moisture on the body. In addition, in the field of shoes and socks, porous nylon can also effectively improve the odor and moisture in the shoes, keep the inside of the shoes and socks dry, and make the wearer more comfortable. In addition, porous nylon also has the advantages of being light, soft, and wear-resistant, and is a very excellent sports material. The manufacturing process of porous nylon is relatively complicated. Generally, the nylon polymer needs to be processed by high temperature and high pressure methods first, and then physically treated, that is, the fiber is formed into a porous structure through processes such as stretching and heat setting.

[0004] At present, the problem of pilling of fabrics is mostly solved by finishing and modifying the fabrics on the market. The treatment method is relatively complicated and the consumption cost is high. For example, a compounded anti-pilling agent is used to cross-link the surface of the yarn, so that the ends adhere to the yarn, and it is not easy to pilling during friction, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing pilling. Although the yarn fabric modified by this method can achieve the anti-pilling effect in a short time, the product life is short. After a period of washing or use of the yarn fabric, once the surface modifier falls off, the product loses its original effect, and even pilling becomes more serious. On the other hand, anti-pilling agents are chemical reagents to a certain extent. Such reagents are polluted to a certain extent in the use of textile products and lack environmental protection. Therefore, it is particularly important to seek new safe and long-lasting modification methods. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing porous nylon fibers with multiple anti-effects. The prepared yarn has a soft, delicate feel, is wear-resistant and not easy to deform. The formed fabric has a soft, delicate feel, is not deformed, does not pill, does not snag, and has good wear resistance. The nylon fiber fabric retains the breathability, coolness and gentle touch, making it more refreshing to wear.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: A method for preparing porous nylon fiber with multiple resistance effects comprises the following steps: Step 1: Put the nylon slices into the silo, input them into the screw extruder for high-temperature melting, and distribute them to the spinning box through the metering pump. The melt is sprayed out through the spinneret in the spinning box to form a thin flow, which is cooled by side blowing, bundled and oiled to obtain primary fibers; Step 2: After the primary fiber is pre-interlaced, it is subjected to low temperature and high stretching by GR1 roller and GR2 roller, and then wound into shape after the main interlacing; The draft ratio between GR1 and GR2 rollers is controlled at 1.4-1.7, and the temperature of GR2 roller is controlled at 120-140°C. GR1 roller has no temperature control.

[0007] The present invention utilizes low-temperature high-draw melt spinning technology to achieve physical realization of high wear resistance, anti-pilling and anti-pilling effects, avoiding the introduction of chemical agents and complex processing techniques. The improved melt spinning stretching process allows the prepared fibers and fabrics to maintain the excellent characteristics of porous fibers during use. When subjected to friction, it is not easy for the fiber ends to extend out of the cloth surface to form fluff or small ball-shaped protrusions, or when the fibers are subjected to external forces to form a certain degree of mutual entanglement and entanglement or even single filament breakage, the product is fluffy and soft, and the properties of pilling and the like are improved. The fabric feels soft, glutinous and delicate, and is wear-resistant and non-deformed when worn. After pilling, snagging and wear resistance tests, they can all reach level 4 or above, with excellent anti-pilling, anti-snagging and wear resistance.

[0008] The relative viscosity of the nylon slice is 2.47±0.02, and the water content is less than 400ppm.

[0009] The porous nylon fiber has a fineness of 20-70D and a pore number of 24-68F.

[0010] The side-blowing cooling parameters are: wind speed 0.4-0.45m / s, wind temperature 17-18.5℃, wind humidity: 90-95%.

[0011] The oiling rate of cluster oiling is controlled at 1.6-1.8%.

[0012] The high temperature melting temperature is controlled at 250-260°C.

[0013] The spinning assembly pressure in the spinning box is set at 17-20MPa.

[0014] The pressure of the pre-network is controlled at 0.1-0.15Mpa; the pressure of the main network is controlled at 0.3-0.4Mpa.

[0015] The spinning speed is controlled at 4500-5000m / min.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention adopts a special low-temperature high-drawing technology, which is different from the spinning process of conventional porous nylon. The resistant fiber in the present invention exhibits better anti-pilling, anti-snagging and wear-resistant properties. At the same time, the reduction of the drawing temperature can greatly reduce the energy consumption and wear of the equipment while ensuring the product performance.

[0017] The stretching multiple used in the present invention is 1.4-1.7, which is higher than the 1.0-1.35 of traditional nylon. The high draft multiple forces the molecular chains to be highly orderly arranged along the axial direction, further improves the intermolecular force, and significantly improves the tensile strength of the fiber. Since the molecular chains are straightened, tightly packed, and have a high degree of crystallinity, the internal molecular slippage ability of the fiber is weakened, resulting in a decrease in the tensile elongation at break of the fiber, and a decrease in the hairiness and friction on the fiber surface. After the fabric is formed, the broken ends due to friction will not extend out of the fabric surface, which can effectively reduce the friction and entanglement between the fibers and reduce the pilling phenomenon. In addition, due to the high strength and low elongation of the fiber, the anti-snagging performance can be effectively improved.

[0018] The stretching temperature (120-140°C) of the present invention is lower than that of conventional nylon. The stretching temperature selected for conventional nylon is mostly controlled at about 160-180°C. The present invention helps the molecular chains of the fibers to tend to be orderly by appropriately lowering the stretching temperature, and some amorphous regions are transformed into crystalline regions, thereby improving the crystallinity, making the fatigue resistance of the fibers better, and reducing fiber wear and breakage after being woven into fabrics. During low-temperature stretching, the molecular chain activity is weak, the ductility of the fibers after stretching is reduced, the deformation amount of the fibers in the later wearing is small, and after the fabric is formed, the pilling phenomenon caused by friction deformation is reduced. Therefore, the stretching temperature of the resistant fibers in the present invention is selected to be lower than that of conventional fibers, and is controlled at about 120-140°C, and the production energy consumption is also reduced.

[0019] The fiber prepared by the present invention not only maintains the softness and skin-friendliness of porous products, but also has excellent anti-pilling, anti-snagging, wear-resistant and other composite multi-resistance effects. The fabric has a soft and delicate feel, is wear-resistant, non-deformed, non-pilling and anti-snagging. It is suitable for fabrics such as clothing, bedding, socks, underwear and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of pilling performance; Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of wire snagging performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0022] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials and equipment used can be purchased from the market or are commonly used in the art. The methods in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods in the art.

[0023] Embodiment 1: like Figure 1 A method for preparing a porous nylon fiber with multiple resistance effects is shown, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Select nylon matte chips with a relative viscosity of 2.47 and a moisture content of less than 400ppm as raw materials, put the nylon chips into a silo 1, input them into a screw extruder 2 for high-temperature melting, and distribute them to a spinning manifold 3 by a metering pump, and spray them out through a spinneret 4 in the spinning manifold to form a melt stream, and cool them through side-blowing wind from a side-blowing wind window 5, bundle them and apply oil to obtain primary fibers; Step 2: The primary fiber reaches the pre-network device 8 through the tunnel 6 and the guide hook 7. After the pre-network, it passes through the low temperature and high drawing of the GR1 roller 9 and the GR2 roller 10 to reach the main network device 11. After the main network, it passes through the GR3 roller 12 and is wound onto the winding drum 13; The melting temperature of the melt is controlled between 250-256℃; the pressure set for the spinning assembly is 17MPa. Side blowing: wind speed 0.4m / s, wind temperature 18.5℃, wind humidity: 90%; theoretically, the oil rate is controlled at 1.6%, the network pressure of the pre-network device is controlled at 0.1Mpa, and the network pressure of the main network device is controlled at 0.3Mpa. The temperature of the GR2 roller is 120℃, and the draft multiple (total stretch multiple) between the GR1 roller and the GR2 roller is controlled at 1.4. The spinning speed is controlled at 4500m / min.

[0024] The fineness of the porous nylon fiber is controlled at 20D, and the number of holes is controlled at 24F.

[0025] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: The melting temperature of the melt is controlled between 255-260℃; the pressure set for the spinning assembly is 20MPa. Side blowing: wind speed 0.45m / s, wind temperature 17℃, wind humidity: 95%; theoretically, the oil rate is controlled at 1.8%, the network pressure of the pre-network device is controlled at 0.15Mpa, and the network pressure of the main network device is controlled at 0.4Mpa. The temperature of the GR2 roller is 140℃, and the draft multiple (total stretch multiple) between the GR1 roller and the GR2 roller is controlled at 1.7. The spinning speed is controlled at 5000m / min.

[0026] The fineness of the porous nylon fiber is controlled at 70D and the number of holes is controlled at 68F.

[0027] Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that: The melting temperature of the melt is controlled between 250-255℃; the pressure set for the spinning assembly is 19MPa. Side blowing: wind speed 0.45m / s, wind temperature 18℃, wind humidity: 90%; theoretically, the oil rate is controlled at 1.7%, the network pressure of the pre-network device is controlled at 0.12Mpa, and the network pressure of the main network device is controlled at 0.34Mpa. The temperature of the GR2 roller is 130℃, and the draft multiple (total stretch multiple) between the GR1 roller and the GR2 roller is controlled at 1.65. The spinning speed is controlled at 4800m / min.

[0028] The fineness of the porous nylon fiber is controlled at 50D, and the number of holes is controlled at 48F.

[0029] Comparative Example 1 The difference between this example and Example 3 is that the draft ratio (total stretch ratio) between the GR1 roller and the GR2 roller is controlled at 1.3. The rest is the same as Example 3.

[0030] Comparative Example 2 The difference between this example and Example 3 is that the temperature of the GR2 roller is 160° C. The other aspects are the same as Example 3.

[0031] Comparative Example 3 (conventional nylon) The difference between this example and Example 3 is that the temperature of the GR2 roller is 160°C, and the draft ratio (total stretch ratio) between the GR1 roller and the GR2 roller is controlled at 1.3. The rest is the same as Example 3.

[0032] Pilling performance was tested according to the test standard GB / T4802.2-2008. Pilling test: Martindale method rubbing 2000 times. The fibers of the embodiment and the comparative example were made into fabrics by the same method. The anti-pilling grade of the fabrics made of embodiments 1-3 reached the highest level of 4-5, and there was no change on the surface of the sample, showing better anti-pilling performance ( Figure 2Middle left picture) (Tested by National Textile and Garment Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center (Zhejiang), National Textile Commission No. 202324281). The fabric made in Comparative Example 3 has a pilling resistance level of only 1-2, with obvious pilling and pilling on the surface of the sample, and pilling of different sizes and densities covering most of the surface of the sample ( Figure 2 The fabrics made in Comparative Example 1-2 have an anti-pilling grade of 2-3, which shows that the anti-pilling effect is not significantly improved by changing only one factor.

[0033] Comparison of fabric snagging performance evaluation results. Fabric snagging performance evaluation was tested according to the test standard GB / T 11047-2008. Snagging performance test: hammer method test 600r. The fibers of the embodiment and the comparative example were made into fabrics by the same method. The anti-snagging grade of the fabrics made of embodiments 1-3 reached the highest level of 4-5 in both the horizontal and vertical directions. There was no change on the surface of the sample, showing better anti-snagging performance ( Figure 3 Middle left picture) (Tested by National Textile and Garment Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center (Zhejiang), National Textile Commission No. 202324282). The fabric made in Comparative Example 3 has a snagging resistance level of only 1-2 in the horizontal and vertical directions, with obvious snagging on the surface, and snagging of different densities covering most of the surface of the sample. ( Figure 3 The fabrics made in comparative example 1-2 have a snagging resistance level of 2-3 in both the horizontal and vertical directions. It can be seen that the improvement of the snagging resistance effect is not obvious if only one factor is changed.

[0034] The test was conducted according to the fabric wear resistance evaluation test standard (GB / T 21196.2-2007). The fibers of the examples and comparative examples were made into fabrics by the same method. The wear resistance of the fabrics made in Examples 1-3 was greater than 60,000 times (tested by the National Textile and Garment Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center (Zhejiang), National Textile Commission No. 202324280), showing good wear resistance. The wear resistance of the fabric made in Comparative Example 3 was <2,000 times. The wear resistance of the fabric made in Comparative Examples 1-2 was <2,000 times. It can be seen that changing only one factor has no effect on the wear resistance.

[0035] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. There are other variations and modifications without exceeding the technical solution described in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing porous nylon fiber with multiple resistance effects, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Put the nylon slices into the silo, input them into the screw extruder for high-temperature melting, and distribute them to the spinning box through the metering pump. The melt is sprayed out through the spinneret in the spinning box to form a thin flow, which is cooled by side blowing, bundled and oiled to obtain primary fibers; Step 2: After the primary fiber is pre-interlaced, it is subjected to low temperature and high stretching by GR1 roller and GR2 roller, and then wound into shape after the main interlacing; The drafting ratio between the GR1 roller and the GR2 roller is controlled at 1.4-1.7, and the temperature of the GR2 roller is controlled at 120-140°C.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative viscosity of the nylon slice is 2.47±0.02, and the water content is less than 400ppm.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous nylon fiber has a fineness of 20-70D and a pore number of 24-68F.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side-blowing cooling parameters are: wind speed 0.4-0.45m / s, wind temperature 17-18.5℃, wind humidity: 90-95%.

5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oiling rate of cluster oiling is controlled at 1.6-1.8%.

6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high temperature melting temperature is controlled at 250-260°C.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spinning assembly pressure in the spinning box is set at 17-20MPa.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure of the pre-network is controlled at 0.1-0.15Mpa; the pressure of the main network is controlled at 0.3-0.4Mpa.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spinning speed is controlled at 4500-5000m / min.

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