Underground electric reducing scale scraping device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground electric variable-diameter scale scraping device and method, and relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, the underground electric variable-diameter scale scraping device comprises a body, and a cable connecting module, a control module, a driving module, a transmission module and a scale scraping module which are sequentially mounted in the length direction of the body, one end of the body is used for stretching into a well, and the cable connecting module is arranged close to the upper end of the body; the cable connecting module is connected with the control module and the ground control device, the driving module is connected with the control module and the input end of the transmission module, the output end of the transmission module is connected with the scale scraping module, and the scale scraping module is arranged close to the lower end of the body and circumferentially arranged around the axis of the body. The transmission module can drive the scale scraping part of the scale scraping module to move in the direction close to or away from the axis of the body, and the scale scraping part is used for scraping dirt on the well wall. The paraffin removal effect can be improved, and the adaptability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction, and in particular to an underground electric variable diameter scraping device and method. Background Art

[0002] During the oilfield exploitation process, as the temperature and pressure decrease, paraffin wax is continuously precipitated, and its crystals gather and precipitate on the oil pipe, which gradually reduces the inner diameter of the water injection channel, increases the water injection resistance, and even blocks the water injection channel, making water injection difficult or impossible. The above problems not only increase the time for daily wax cleaning or operation wax cleaning, but also affect the water well injection time, reduce the water injection effect, affect the output and the speed of oilfield development, bring a lot of work to daily management, and increase the possibility and probability of underground accidents.

[0003] In the prior art, mechanical wax removal is often carried out by using steel wire or cable to drive a mechanical wax scraper to clean the pipe arm. The advantage is that the wax removal effect is good and the debris can be directly removed mechanically. The disadvantage is that if the wax is very thick during the wax removal process, it is easy to get stuck or even cause a fall into the well. When the wax is not serious, the cleaning effect is not ideal and it may not even have the effect of clearing. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground electric variable diameter scraper device and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, improve the wax cleaning effect, and have good adaptability.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides an underground electric variable diameter scraper device, comprising a body, and a cable connection module, a control module, a drive module, a transmission module and a scraper module installed in sequence along the length direction of the body, one end of the body is used to extend into the well, the cable connection module is arranged close to the upper end of the body, the cable connection module is connected to the control module and a ground control device, the drive module is connected to the control module and the input end of the transmission module, the output end of the transmission module is connected to the scraper module, the scraper module is arranged close to the lower end of the body, and the scraper module is circumferentially arranged around the axis of the body, the transmission module can drive the scraping part of the scraper module to move in a direction close to or away from the axis of the body, and the scraping part is used to scrape dirt on the well wall.

[0006] In one embodiment, the body is a hollow cylindrical structure.

[0007] In one embodiment, the driving module is a driving motor, a motor cylinder is provided on the main body, a motor fixing seat is installed in the motor cylinder, and the driving motor is installed in the motor fixing seat.

[0008] In one embodiment, the transmission module includes a torque sleeve, a fixed adapter, a center screw, a linkage element, and a sealing head. The torque sleeve is located in the motor fixing seat, and the drive motor is connected to the first end of the center screw through the torque sleeve. The fixed adapter is installed at the end of the motor fixing seat away from the drive motor, and the fixed adapter is installed inside the main body. The first end of the sealing head is sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed adapter, and the second end of the sealing head is connected to the first end of the limiting module, and the second end of the limiting module extends to the scraping module, and the second end of the center screw is connected to the first end of the linkage element, and the second end of the linkage element is connected to the scraping module and is used to drive the scraping part of the scraping module to move.

[0009] In one embodiment, the limiting module is a sealing sleeve, the first end of the sealing sleeve is connected to the sealing head by bolts, the second end of the sealing sleeve is connected to the side wall of the main body, and the side wall of the sealing sleeve is provided with a limiting groove, and the limiting groove can limit the moving stroke of the linkage element.

[0010] In one embodiment, the linkage element includes a linkage sleeve, a pin, a driving bolt and an adjusting sleeve. The linkage sleeve is slidably connected in the sealing sleeve, and the pin is connected to the first end of the linkage sleeve, and the pin can extend into the limiting groove. The inner wall of the first end of the linkage sleeve is also threadedly connected to the second end of the center screw, and the inner wall of the second end of the linkage sleeve is connected to the first end of the driving bolt, and the second end of the driving bolt extends into the scraper module. The adjusting sleeve is installed on the outer periphery of the driving bolt, and the adjusting sleeve can move and act on the scraper module under the drive of the driving bolt.

[0011] In one embodiment, the scraping module includes a plurality of upper support arms, a plurality of lower support arms and a plurality of scraping parts, the plurality of upper support arms, the plurality of lower support arms and the plurality of scraping parts correspond to each other one by one and are all arranged around the axis of the body, the first end of the upper support arm is rotatably connected to the second end of the sealing sleeve, the second end of the upper support arm is connected to the scraping part, the first end of the lower support arm is connected to the scraping part, and the second end of the lower support arm is rotatably connected to the body, both ends of the adjustment sleeve are provided with a truncated cone section, the diameter of the truncated cone section gradually decreases from the center of the adjustment sleeve to the two ends, the side wall of the truncated cone section forms a linkage inclined surface, the upper support arm and the lower support arm can both cooperate with the corresponding linkage inclined surface, when the driving bolt moves along the axial direction of the body, it can drive the adjustment sleeve to reciprocate and make the adjustment sleeve drive the upper support arm to rotate, and the upper support arm drives the scraping part to move in a direction close to or away from the axis of the body, and the scraping part drives the lower support arm to rotate.

[0012] In one embodiment, the scraping portion includes a connecting piece and two connecting blocks, the second end of each upper support arm and the first end of each lower support arm are respectively rotatably connected to one of the connecting blocks, the two connecting blocks are connected by the connecting piece, and the connecting piece can be deformed, and the connecting blocks are used to scrape dirt off the well wall.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cable connection module includes a salvaging head, a small sealing sleeve, an upper adapter and a sealing plug seat, the upper end of the salvaging head is connected to the lower end of the upper adapter, the upper end of the upper adapter is connected to the side wall of the body, the small sealing sleeve is located in the upper adapter, and the first end of the small sealing sleeve is used to fix the cable, the cable is used to connect the ground control device and the control module, the second end of the small sealing sleeve is connected to the sealing plug seat, and the outer periphery of the sealing plug seat is provided with a multi-stage sealing ring.

[0014] In one embodiment, it also includes a pressure sensor, which is installed in a sensor groove in the main body. A pressure conducting hole is also provided on the side wall of the main body. The detection end of the pressure sensor is connected to the outside of the main body through the pressure conducting hole, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ground control device.

[0015] The present invention also provides an underground electric variable diameter scraping method, using an underground electric variable diameter scraping device according to any one of the above technical solutions, comprising: When performing scraping operations, the underground electric variable diameter scraping device is lowered to a predetermined position, and the ground control device sends a command to the control module through a cable. After receiving the command, the control circuit drives the drive motor to rotate forward, and the drive motor drives the center lead screw to rotate, and the center lead screw drives the linkage screw sleeve and the drive bolt to move upward, and the drive bolt drives the adjustment sleeve to move upward, and presses the upper support arm under the action of the linkage inclined surface, so that the upper support arm linkage connection block moves in a direction away from the axis of the body, and at the same time, the connection block drives the connection piece to move in a direction away from the axis of the body, so that the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes larger; After the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes larger, the ground winch lifts and lowers the underground electric variable diameter scraping device. The connecting piece rubs against the oil pipe in the well due to the up and down movement, and the wax deposits and dirt on the wall of the oil pipe in the well are removed and cut. During the scraping process, the well must be cleaned while the operation is carried out; After the scraping operation is completed, the drive motor is driven to reverse, the drive motor drives the center screw to rotate, the center screw drives the linkage screw sleeve and the drive bolt to move downward, the drive bolt drives the adjusting sleeve to move downward, the adjusting sleeve releases pressure on the upper support arm, so that the upper support arm is no longer under pressure and retracts to its original position, the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes smaller, and the variable diameter scraping operation is completed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: The present invention provides an underground electric variable diameter scraper device and method, wherein one end of the body is used to extend into the underground, a cable connection module is arranged near the upper end of the body, the cable connection module is connected to the control module and the ground control device, a drive module is connected to the input end of the control module and the transmission module, so as to issue instructions through the ground control device, and the drive module is controlled to act according to the actual working conditions through the control module, the output end of the transmission module is connected to the scraper module, and the scraper module is arranged near the lower end of the body, and when the underground electric variable diameter scraper device is lifted up and lowered by the ground winch, the scraper module It is capable of removing wax deposits and dirt on the well wall. The scraper module is circumferentially arranged around the axis of the main body, thereby ensuring that all positions of the well wall are cleaned, thereby improving the scraping efficiency and scraping effect. The transmission module can drive the scraping part of the scraper module to move toward or away from the axis of the main body, thereby realizing the adjustment of the protective range of the scraper part, and can be suitable for wells with different inner diameters. At the same time, the scraper part can be retracted when going up and down the well to ensure the normal movement of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device, and the scraper part can be extended during scraping to contact the well wall and scrape off the dirt on the well wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the upper half of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device in Example 1; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the lower half of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device in Example 1; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the lower half of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device in Example 1 when the scraper part is unfolded; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of point A; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the scraping module in the first embodiment when it is longitudinally unfolded; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the lower half of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device when the scraper part is unfolded in another preferred embodiment; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment in which the scraping module is longitudinally unfolded; Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing sleeve in the first embodiment; In the figure: 1-ground control device, 2-cable, 3-fishing head, 4-small sealing sleeve, 5-upper adapter, 6-pressure guide hole, 7-sensor slot, 8-motor cylinder, 9-drive motor, 10-motor fixing seat, 11-torque sleeve, 12-fixed adapter, 13-center lead screw, 14-sealing head, 15-sealing sleeve, 16-pin, 17-linkage nut, 18-drive bolt, 19-connecting sleeve, 20-upper support arm, 21-lower support arm, 22-lower fixing frame, 23-adjusting sleeve, 24-connecting block, 25-connecting plate, 26-limiting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground electric variable diameter scraping device and method to solve the problems existing in the prior art, improve the wax cleaning effect, and have good adaptability.

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides an underground electric variable diameter scraper device, including a body, and a cable connection module, a control module, a drive module, a transmission module and a scraper module installed in sequence along the length direction of the body. One end of the body is used to extend into the well, the cable connection module is arranged near the upper end of the body, the cable connection module is connected to the control module and the ground control device 1, the drive module is connected to the input end of the control module and the transmission module, so as to issue instructions through the ground control device 1, and the drive module is controlled by the control module according to the actual working conditions. The output end of the transmission module is connected to the scraper module, and the scraper module is arranged near the lower end of the body. When the ground winch is used, the ground winch is connected to the ground winch. When the underground electric variable diameter scraper device is lifted up and lowered, the scraper module can remove wax deposits and dirt on the well wall. The scraper module is circumferentially arranged around the axis of the main body, thereby ensuring that various positions of the well wall are cleaned, improving the scraping efficiency and scraping effect. The transmission module can drive the scraping part of the scraper module to move toward or away from the axis of the main body, thereby realizing the adjustment of the scraping part's enclosure range, and can be used for wells with different inner diameters. At the same time, the scraper part can be retracted when going up and down the well to ensure the normal movement of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device, and the scraper part can be extended when scraping to contact the well wall and scrape off the dirt on the well wall.

[0023] Specifically, the main body is a hollow cylindrical structure that adapts to the shape of the underground well, and the main body is used to achieve installation between various components.

[0024] The driving module is a driving motor 9 , a motor barrel 8 is provided on the main body, a motor fixing seat 10 is installed in the motor barrel 8 , and the driving motor 9 is installed in the motor fixing seat 10 to realize the installation of the driving motor 9 .

[0025] The transmission module includes a torque sleeve 11, a fixed adapter 12, a center screw 13, a linkage element, and a sealing head 14. The torque sleeve 11 is located in the motor fixing seat 10, and the drive motor 9 is connected to the first end of the center screw 13 through the torque sleeve 11 to realize the torque transmission from the drive motor 9 to the center screw 13. The fixed adapter 12 is installed on the end of the motor fixing seat 10 away from the drive motor 9, and the fixed adapter 12 is installed inside the body to realize the connection between the motor cylinder 8 and the sealing head 14. The first end of the sealing head 14 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed adapter 12, and the second end of the sealing head 14 is connected to the first end of the limit module, and the second end of the limit module extends to the scraping module, and the second end of the center screw 13 is connected to the first end of the linkage element, and the second end of the linkage element is connected to the scraping module. When the drive motor 9 drives the center screw 13 to rotate, the center screw 13 transmits power through the linkage element, and then drives the scraping part of the scraping module through the linkage element to realize the expansion and retraction of the scraping part to adapt to underground use with different inner diameters.

[0026] The limiting module is a sealing sleeve 15, the first end of which is connected to the sealing head 14 by bolts, the second end of which is connected to the side wall of the body, and the side wall of the sealing sleeve 15 is provided with a limiting groove 26, which can limit the moving stroke of the linkage element, thereby limiting the action stroke of the scraping part. The sealing sleeve 15 is provided with a limiting step on the outer wall close to the scraping module, and the outer peripheral sleeve of the sealing sleeve 15 is provided with a connecting sleeve 19, which is connected to the connecting sleeve 19 by fastening screws, and the limiting step limits the connecting sleeve 19.

[0027] The linkage element includes a linkage screw sleeve 17, a pin 16, a driving bolt 18 and an adjusting sleeve 23. The linkage screw sleeve 17 is slidably connected in the sealing sleeve 15, and the pin 16 is connected to the first end of the linkage screw sleeve 17. The pin 16 can extend into the limiting groove 26, and then when the center screw 13 drives the linkage screw sleeve 17 to reciprocate along the axis of the body, under the cooperation of the pin 16 and the limiting groove 26, the linkage screw sleeve 17 can only move within the length range of the limiting groove 26. The inner wall of the first end of the linkage screw sleeve 17 is also threadedly connected to the second end of the center screw 13, so that when the center screw 13 rotates, the linkage screw sleeve 17 is driven to move linearly. The inner wall of the second end of the linkage screw sleeve 17 is connected to the first end of the driving bolt 18, so that the linkage screw sleeve 17 drives the driving bolt 18 to move, and the second end of the driving bolt 18 extends into the scraping module. The adjusting sleeve 23 is installed on the outer periphery of the driving bolt 18, and the adjusting sleeve 23 can move and act on the scraping module under the drive of the driving bolt 18.

[0028] The scraping module includes a plurality of upper support arms 20, a plurality of lower support arms 21 and a plurality of scraping parts. The plurality of upper support arms 20, the plurality of lower support arms 21 and the plurality of scraping parts correspond to each other and are arranged around the axis of the body. The first end of the upper support arm 20 is rotatably connected to the second end of the sealing sleeve 15, so that when the adjustment sleeve 23 acts on the upper support arm 20, the upper support arm 20 can only rotate but not move linearly. The second end of the upper support arm 20 is connected to the scraping part. As a preferred embodiment, the first end of the upper support arm 20 is provided with a guide circle, which is matched with the guide groove at the second end of the sealing sleeve 15. 0 is also provided with a guide circle at the second end, which is embedded in the groove of the scraping part and fixed by a pin 16. The first end of the lower support arm 21 is connected to the scraping part, and the second end of the lower support arm 21 is rotatably connected to the body. The second end of the lower support arm 21 is preferably rotatably connected to a lower fixing frame 22. As a preferred embodiment, the first end of the lower support arm 21 is provided with a guide circle, which is embedded in the groove of the scraping part. The second end of the upper support arm 20 is also provided with a guide circle, which is embedded in the groove of the lower fixing frame 22 and fixed by a pin 16. Both ends of the adjusting sleeve 23 are provided with a truncated cone section, which is adjusted from the center of the adjusting sleeve 23 to the two ends. In the direction of the end, the diameter of the truncated cone section gradually decreases, and the side wall of the truncated cone section forms a linkage inclined surface. The upper support arm 20 and the lower support arm 21 can cooperate with the corresponding linkage inclined surfaces. When the driving bolt 18 moves along the axial direction of the body, it can drive the adjustment sleeve 23 to move back and forth. When the adjustment sleeve 23 moves from the first end of the upper support arm 20 to the second end of the upper support arm 20, under the cooperation of the linkage inclined surface and the inner side wall of the upper support arm 20, the adjustment sleeve 23 pushes the upper support arm 20 to rotate and expands the second end of the upper support arm 20 outward. At the same time, since the second end of the upper support arm 20 is connected to the scraping part, the scraping part is driven to expand outward. It moves in the direction away from the axis of the main body to scrape the well wall. Since the scraping part is connected to the lower support arm 21, the first end of the lower support arm 21 is driven to rotate, thereby realizing the stable scraping operation. Through the above design, the scraping part can be expanded or contracted as needed to adapt to operations under different well conditions and achieve the purpose of scraping. When the operation is completed, the drive motor 9 is reversed and the adjustment sleeve 23 is reset. Under the action of the linkage inclined surface, the upper support arm 20 is depressurized, and the upper support arm 20 is no longer under pressure, driving the lower support arm 21 and the scraping part to return to their positions. The outer diameter of the scraping part becomes smaller, which is convenient for lifting the downhole electric variable diameter scraper device.

[0029] The scraping part includes a connecting piece 25 and two connecting blocks 24. The second end of each upper support arm 20 and the first end of each lower support arm 21 are respectively rotatably connected to a connecting block 24. The two connecting blocks 24 are connected by a connecting piece 25, and the connecting piece 25 can be deformed, thereby increasing or decreasing the distance between the two connecting blocks 24 to adapt to the rotation of the upper support arm 20 and the lower support arm 21. The connecting piece 25 is used to scrape dirt off the well wall.

[0030] As another preferred embodiment, Figure 6-Figure 7 As shown, the second end of the upper support arm 20 and the first end of the lower support arm 21 are alternately arranged, and the multiple scraping parts can form a circle. The first end of the upper support arm 20 is slidably connected to the sealing sleeve 15, and the second end of the lower support arm 21 is slidably connected to the lower fixing frame 22.

[0031] The cable connection module includes a salvage head 3, a small sealing sleeve 4, an upper adapter 5 and a sealing plug seat. The upper end of the salvage head 3 is connected to the lower end of the upper adapter 5, and the upper end of the upper adapter 5 is connected to the side wall of the body. The small sealing sleeve 4 is located in the upper adapter 5, and the first end of the small sealing sleeve 4 is used to fix the cable 2. The cable 2 is used to connect the ground control device 1 and the control module. The second end of the small sealing sleeve 4 is connected to the sealing plug seat. The outer periphery of the sealing plug seat is provided with a multi-stage sealing ring, which can effectively isolate the liquid in the well from entering the interior of the downhole electric variable diameter scraper device through the cable connection module to form an effective seal.

[0032] The present embodiment also includes a pressure sensor, which is installed in a sensor slot 7 in the main body. A pressure conducting hole 6 is also provided on the side wall of the main body. The detection end of the pressure sensor is connected to the outside of the main body through the pressure conducting hole 6 to collect pressure information at the location of the underground electric variable diameter scraper device. During the construction scraping process, the complex situation in the well can be observed more intuitively. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ground control device 1. During the actual working process, the control module receives instructions from the ground control device 1, controls the drive motor 9 to rotate forward or reverse through the instructions, and also receives the test signal of the pressure sensor and transmits it to the ground control device 1, so as to issue instructions through the ground control device 1.

[0033] This embodiment can lower the equipment into the well through the steel wire or cable 2. Once lowered into the well, wax, scale and other dirt of different degrees in the well can be removed. It is applicable to various well conditions and is safe and reliable.

[0034] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a method for underground electric variable diameter scraping, using the underground electric variable diameter scraping device in the first embodiment, comprising: When performing scraping operations, the underground electric variable diameter scraping device is lowered to a predetermined position, and the ground control device 1 sends a command to the control module through the cable 2. After receiving the command, the control circuit drives the drive motor 9 to rotate forward, and the drive motor 9 drives the center lead screw 13 to rotate, and the center lead screw 13 drives the linkage screw sleeve 17 and the drive bolt 18 to move upward, and the drive bolt 18 drives the adjustment sleeve 23 to move upward, and presses the upper support arm 20 under the action of the linkage inclined surface, so that the upper support arm 20 links the connecting block 24 to move in a direction away from the axis of the body, and at the same time, the connecting block 24 drives the connecting piece 25 to move in a direction away from the axis of the body, so that the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes larger; After the outer diameter of the scraper part becomes larger, the ground winch lifts and lowers the underground electric variable diameter scraper device. The connecting piece 25 generates friction with the oil pipe in the well due to the up and down movement, and the wax and dirt on the wall of the oil pipe in the well are removed. During the scraping process, the well must be washed while the operation is carried out to ensure that the wax and dirt scraped by the scraper part can be more effectively discharged from the well. If the well is not washed, the dirt discharged from the well may be piled up, resulting in incomplete operation. After the scraping operation is completed, the drive motor 9 is driven to reverse, the drive motor 9 drives the center screw 13 to rotate, the center screw 13 drives the linkage screw sleeve 17 and the drive bolt 18 to move downward, the drive bolt 18 drives the adjustment sleeve 23 to move downward, the adjustment sleeve 23 releases pressure on the upper support arm 20, so that the upper support arm 20 is no longer under pressure and retracts to its original position, the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes smaller, and the variable diameter scraping operation is completed.

[0035] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An underground electric variable diameter scraper device, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a body, and a cable connection module, a control module, a drive module, a transmission module and a scraping module which are sequentially installed along the length direction of the body, one end of the body is used to extend into the well, the cable connection module is arranged near the upper end of the body, the cable connection module is connected to the control module and the ground control device, the drive module is connected to the control module and the input end of the transmission module, the output end of the transmission module is connected to the scraping module, the scraping module is arranged near the lower end of the body, and the scraping module is circumferentially arranged around the axis of the body, the transmission module can drive the scraping part of the scraping module to move in the direction close to or away from the axis of the body, and the scraping part is used to scrape dirt on the well wall; The transmission module includes a torque sleeve, a fixed adapter, a center lead screw, a linkage element, and a sealing head. The torque sleeve is located in the motor fixing seat, and the drive motor is connected to the first end of the center lead screw through the torque sleeve. The fixed adapter is installed on the end of the motor fixing seat away from the drive motor, and the fixed adapter is installed inside the body. The first end of the sealing head is sleeved on the outer periphery of the fixed adapter, and the second end of the sealing head is connected to the first end of the limiting module, and the second end of the limiting module extends to the scraping module. The second end of the center lead screw is connected to the first end of the linkage element, and the second end of the linkage element is connected to the scraping module and is used to drive the scraping part of the scraping module to move. The cable connection module includes a salvaging head, a small sealing sleeve, an upper adapter and a sealing plug seat. The upper end of the salvaging head is connected to the lower end of the upper adapter, and the upper end of the upper adapter is connected to the side wall of the body. The small sealing sleeve is located in the upper adapter, and the first end of the small sealing sleeve is used to fix the cable. The cable is used to connect the ground control device and the control module. The second end of the small sealing sleeve is connected to the sealing plug seat, and a multi-stage sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the sealing plug seat.

2. The underground electric variable diameter scraper device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving module is a driving motor. The main body is provided with a motor cylinder. A motor fixing seat is installed in the motor cylinder. The driving motor is installed in the motor fixing seat.

3. The underground electric variable diameter scraper device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The limiting module is a sealing sleeve, a first end of which is connected to the sealing head by bolts, a second end of which is connected to the side wall of the body, and a limiting groove is provided on the side wall of the sealing sleeve, which can limit the moving stroke of the linkage element.

4. The underground electric variable diameter scraper device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The linkage element includes a linkage sleeve, a pin, a driving bolt and an adjusting sleeve. The linkage sleeve is slidably connected in the sealing sleeve, and the pin is connected to the first end of the linkage sleeve. The pin can extend into the limiting groove. The inner wall of the first end of the linkage sleeve is also threadedly connected to the second end of the center screw. The inner wall of the second end of the linkage sleeve is connected to the first end of the driving bolt. The second end of the driving bolt extends into the scraper module. The adjusting sleeve is installed on the outer periphery of the driving bolt, and the adjusting sleeve can move and act on the scraper module under the drive of the driving bolt.

5. The underground electric variable diameter scraper device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The scraping module comprises a plurality of upper support arms, a plurality of lower support arms and a plurality of scraping parts, wherein the plurality of upper support arms, the plurality of lower support arms and the plurality of scraping parts correspond to each other and are all arranged around the axis of the body, the first end of the upper support arm is rotatably connected to the second end of the sealing sleeve, the second end of the upper support arm is connected to the scraping part, the first end of the lower support arm is connected to the scraping part, and the second end of the lower support arm is rotatably connected to the body, both ends of the adjusting sleeve are provided with a truncated cone section, the diameter of the truncated cone section gradually decreases from the center of the adjusting sleeve to the two ends, the side wall of the truncated cone section forms a linkage inclined surface, the upper support arm and the lower support arm can both cooperate with the corresponding linkage inclined surface, when the driving bolt moves along the axial direction of the body, it can drive the adjusting sleeve to reciprocate, and make the adjusting sleeve drive the upper support arm to rotate, and the upper support arm drives the scraping part to move in the direction close to or away from the axis of the body, and the scraping part drives the lower support arm to rotate.

6. The underground electric variable diameter scraper device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraping part includes a connecting piece and two connecting blocks. The second end of each upper supporting arm and the first end of each lower supporting arm are respectively rotatably connected to one of the connecting blocks. The two connecting blocks are connected by the connecting piece, and the connecting piece can be deformed. The connecting blocks are used to scrape dirt off the well wall.

7. The underground electric variable diameter scraper device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure sensor, which is installed in a sensor groove in the body. A pressure conducting hole is also provided on the side wall of the body. The detection end of the pressure sensor is connected to the outside of the body through the pressure conducting hole. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the ground control device.

8. An underground electric variable diameter scraping method, characterized in that: The downhole electric variable diameter scraper device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: When performing scraping operations, the underground electric variable diameter scraping device is lowered to a predetermined position, and the ground control device sends a command to the control module through a cable. After receiving the command, the control circuit drives the drive motor to rotate forward, and the drive motor drives the center lead screw to rotate, and the center lead screw drives the linkage screw sleeve and the drive bolt to move upward, and the drive bolt drives the adjustment sleeve to move upward, and presses the upper support arm under the action of the linkage inclined surface, so that the upper support arm linkage connection block moves in a direction away from the axis of the body, and at the same time, the connection block drives the connection piece to move in a direction away from the axis of the body, so that the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes larger; After the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes larger, the ground winch lifts and lowers the underground electric variable diameter scraping device. The connecting piece rubs against the oil pipe in the well due to the up and down movement, and the wax deposits and dirt on the wall of the oil pipe in the well are removed and cut. During the scraping process, the well must be cleaned while the operation is carried out; After the scraping operation is completed, the drive motor is driven to reverse, the drive motor drives the center screw to rotate, the center screw drives the linkage screw sleeve and the drive bolt to move downward, the drive bolt drives the adjusting sleeve to move downward, the adjusting sleeve releases pressure on the upper support arm, so that the upper support arm is no longer under pressure and retracts to its original position, the outer diameter of the scraping part becomes smaller, and the variable diameter scraping operation is completed.

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