Miniaturized high-power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier

Abstract

The invention provides a miniaturized high-power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier, and belongs to the technical field of pulse compression energy multipliers, and the energy multiplier comprises a first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port which is used for receiving a radio frequency signal; the working mode of the first-stage compression cavity is TE11n, the first-stage compression cavity is a first spherical cavity used for carrying out first-time pulse compression on radio frequency signals, and the first-stage compression cavity is fixedly connected with the first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port; the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is used for converting a TE10 mode in the rectangular waveguide into two orthogonal polarization TE11 modes in the circular waveguide, and the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is fixedly connected with the first-stage compression cavity through a coupling hole; the working mode of the second-stage compression cavity is TE11n, and the second-stage compression cavity is a second spherical cavity used for conducting second-time pulse compression on signals output by the first-stage compression cavity. Conversion from a low-power long microwave pulse to a high-power narrow-pulse-width microwave pulse is realized, and the output power gain is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and in particular to a miniaturized high-power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing demand for electronic energy in high-power microwave weapons and scientific research, the requirements for microwave power in accelerators are also growing. Traditional one-stage compression energy multipliers, such as those using SLED, BOC, spherical cavity and other systems, have limited power gain, and the output waveform decreases exponentially. The average power gain is low, and the general power gain is around 6. Although the two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier in the form of an amplitude modulated cavity chain can achieve a higher power gain, it is large in size and expensive, which is not conducive to practical application.

[0003] In order to resolve this contradiction, that is, to further improve the power gain of the energy multiplier and realize the miniaturization of the equipment, the present invention proposes a novel miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier. The device adopts a two-stage pulse compressor in the form of two spherical cavities to achieve high power output. The power gain can reach more than 12, which is much higher than the power gain of the traditional one-stage compression energy multiplier. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier, aiming to solve the contradiction between the difficulty of further improving the power gain of the energy multiplier in the prior art and the miniaturization of the energy multiplier.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier, the energy multiplier comprising:

[0006] The first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port is used to receive radio frequency signals;

[0007] The first stage compression chamber has a TE internal working mode. 114 A first spherical cavity for performing a first pulse compression on a radio frequency signal, wherein the first compression cavity is fixedly connected to an input waveguide port of the first compression cavity;

[0008] A first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide, and the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is fixedly connected to the first-stage compression cavity through a coupling hole;

[0009] Eight tuning screws, used to adjust the working frequency of the first-stage compression chamber, the tuning screws are fixedly connected to the upper and lower hemispheres of the first-stage compression chamber;

[0010] The two-stage compression chamber has a TE internal working mode. 112 A second spherical cavity for performing a second pulse compression on the signal output by the first compression cavity, wherein the second compression cavity is fixedly connected to the output waveguide port of the second compression cavity;

[0011] A two-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide, and the two-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is fixedly connected to the two-stage compression cavity through a coupling hole;

[0012] Eight tuning screws, used to adjust the operating frequency of the secondary compression chamber, the tuning screws being fixedly connected to the upper and lower hemispheres of the secondary compression chamber;

[0013] The secondary compression cavity output waveguide port is used to output the compressed high-power radio frequency signal, and the secondary compression cavity output waveguide port is fixedly connected to the secondary compression cavity;

[0014] A rectangular waveguide flange connector, used to connect an external system and two pulse compression chambers, wherein the rectangular waveguide flange connector is fixedly connected to the primary compression chamber and the secondary compression chamber via a waveguide flange;

[0015] The first-stage compression chamber uses an amplitude modulation method to achieve flat-top output, and the second-stage compression chamber further compresses the flat-top waveform to increase output power.

[0016] Preferably, in this solution, the compression ratio Cr of the first-stage compression chamber is 7, and the compression ratio Cr of the second-stage compression chamber is 5.

[0017] Preferably, the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler and the second-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler both contain a standard waveguide, a wide waveguide and a circular waveguide, which are used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide.

[0018] Preferably, the first-stage compression chamber and the second-stage compression chamber are both equipped with CF flanges for mounting an ion pump or a detuning device.

[0019] Preferably, in this solution, both the primary compression chamber and the secondary compression chamber have a compact structure.

[0020] Preferably, in this solution, the energy multiplier further comprises a rectangular waveguide flange connector for connecting an external system and two pulse compression cavities.

[0021] Preferably, the first-stage compression chamber and the second-stage compression chamber are both provided with cooling water channels and tuning screws for ensuring operational stability and adjusting operating frequency.

[0022] Preferably, in this solution, the output waveform of the first-stage compression chamber is a flat-top waveform, and the output waveform of the second-stage compression chamber is an exponentially decreasing high-power radio frequency waveform.

[0023] Preferably, the energy multiplier also includes four cooling water channels of the first-stage compression chamber, which are used to provide cooling for the first-stage compression chamber. The cooling water channels of the first-stage compression chamber are connected to an external cooling system through a water inlet pipe of the first-stage compression chamber and a water return pipe of the first-stage compression chamber.

[0024] Preferably, the energy multiplier also includes four cooling water channels of the secondary compression chamber, which are used to provide cooling for the secondary compression chamber. The cooling water channels of the secondary compression chamber are connected to an external cooling system through a water inlet pipe of the secondary compression chamber and a water return pipe of the secondary compression chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier of the present invention not only improves the output power gain, but also compresses the pulse width of the input radio frequency signal step by step through two-stage pulse compression, thereby realizing the conversion from a low-power long microwave pulse to a high-power narrow pulse width microwave pulse. In addition, the first-stage compression cavity adopts an amplitude modulation method to realize a flat-top output, so that the input wave entering the second-stage compression cavity is a flat-top waveform, further increasing the output power after the second-stage compression. The specific advantages are as follows:

[0026] (1) Significantly improved power gain: The present invention achieves efficient conversion from low-power long microwave pulses to high-power narrow-pulse-width microwave pulses by adopting a two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier. The power gain can reach more than 12, which is much higher than the power gain of the traditional one-stage compression energy multiplier, and meets the demand for ultra-high power of high-power microwave systems.

[0027] (II) Achieved flat-top output and efficient energy amplification: The first compression chamber adopts an amplitude modulation method to achieve a flat-top output waveform, so that the input waveform entering the second compression chamber is a flat-top shape, thereby significantly increasing the output power after the second compression. Through the amplitude modulation and flat-top output of the first compression chamber, and the further compression of the second compression chamber, the present invention obtains a high-power output with a high average power gain.

[0028] (III) Compact structure and easy integration: Both the primary compression chamber and the secondary compression chamber in the present invention have a compact structural design and are equipped with rectangular waveguide flange connectors, which are convenient for connection and integration with external systems and power sources, thereby improving the overall compactness and ease of use of the system.

[0029] (iv) Optimized cooling and tuning mechanisms: Each compression chamber in the invention is equipped with multiple cooling water channels and tuning screws, which not only ensures the stability of the system under high-power operation, but also provides flexible operating frequency adjustment capabilities, allowing the system to adapt to different application scenarios and needs.

[0030] (V) Broad application prospects: The miniaturized high-power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier of the present invention can be applied to high-power microwave systems, electron linear accelerators, free electron lasers, microwave directed energy weapons, strong electromagnetic radiation environment transmitters and other fields, providing efficient and stable power amplification solutions for these fields.

[0031] To sum up, the miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier of the present invention not only solves the difficulty of improving power gain and the contradiction of equipment miniaturization in the prior art, but also realizes high-power output with high average power gain. It has broad application prospects and can be used in high-power microwave systems, electron linear accelerators, free electron lasers, microwave directed energy weapons, strong electromagnetic radiation environment transmitters and other fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the air extraction hole structure in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the upper hemisphere structure in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water return pipe in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the lower cylindrical structure in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the tuning screw in the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9It is a working schematic diagram of the two-stage compression energy multiplier in the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the first-stage compression flat-top output of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 It is a waveform after the first-level compression and an output waveform diagram after the second-level compression after amplitude modulation of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure: 1. Input waveguide port of the first compression chamber; 2. Output waveguide port of the second compression chamber; 3. 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler of the first compression chamber; 4. First protrusion; 5. First symmetrical chamber; 6. Second symmetrical chamber; 7. First lower cylinder; 8. First upper cylinder; 9. First compression chamber; 10. Coupling hole; 11. First lower hemisphere; 12. First upper hemisphere; 13. First equatorial step; 14. First air extraction hole; 15. Connecting pipe; 16. First CF flange; 17 , first water channel; 18, second water channel; 19, third water channel; 20, fourth water channel; 21, water inlet pipe; 22, water return pipe; 23, water inlet pipe; 24, water return pipe; 25, water inlet pipe; 26, water return pipe; 27, water inlet pipe; 28, water return pipe; 29, tuning screw; 30, tuning screw; 31, tuning screw; 32, tuning screw; 33, tuning screw; 34, tuning screw; 35, tuning screw; 36, tuning screw; 37, secondary compression chamber 3 dB orthogonal polarization coupler; 38, second protrusion; 39, third symmetrical cavity; 40, fourth symmetrical cavity; 41, second lower cylinder; 42, second upper cylinder; 43, coupling hole; 44, second air extraction hole; 45, connecting pipe; 46, second CF flange; 47, secondary compression cavity; 48, second upper hemisphere; 49, second lower hemisphere; 50, second equatorial step; 51, first water channel; 52, second water channel; 53, third water channel; 54, fourth water channel; 5 5. Water inlet pipe; 56. Water return pipe; 57. Water inlet pipe; 58. Water return pipe; 59. Water inlet pipe; 60. Water return pipe; 61. Water inlet pipe; 62. Water return pipe; 63. Tuning screw; 64. Tuning screw; 65. Tuning screw; 66. Tuning screw; 67. Tuning screw; 68. Tuning screw; 69. Tuning screw; 70. Tuning screw; 71. Rectangular waveguide flange; 72. Rectangular waveguide flange; 73. Rectangular waveguide flange; 74. Rectangular waveguide flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example

[0047] See also Figure 1-Figure 11 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier, the energy multiplier comprising:

[0048] The first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port 1 is used to receive radio frequency signals;

[0049] The first compression chamber 9 has an internal working mode of TE 114 And the first spherical cavity for performing the first pulse compression on the radio frequency signal, the first compression cavity 9 is fixedly connected to the first compression cavity input waveguide port 1;

[0050] The first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3 is used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide. The first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3 is fixedly connected to the first-stage compression cavity 9 through a coupling hole 10;

[0051] Eight tuning screws 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 are used to adjust the working frequency of the first-stage compression chamber 9, and the tuning screws 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower hemispheres of the first-stage compression chamber 9;

[0052] The secondary compression chamber 47 has an internal working mode of TE 112 A second spherical cavity for performing a second pulse compression on the signal output from the first compression cavity 9, a second compression cavity 47 is fixedly connected to the output waveguide port 2 of the second compression cavity;

[0053] The secondary compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 37 is used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide, and the secondary compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 37 is fixedly connected to the secondary compression cavity 47 through the coupling hole 43;

[0054] Eight tuning screws 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70 are used to adjust the working frequency of the secondary compression chamber 47, and the tuning screws 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower hemispheres of the secondary compression chamber 47;

[0055] The secondary compression cavity output waveguide port 2 is used to output the compressed high-power radio frequency signal. The secondary compression cavity output waveguide port 2 is fixedly connected to the secondary compression cavity 47;

[0056] Rectangular waveguide flange connectors 71, 73 are used to connect an external system and two pulse compression chambers. The rectangular waveguide flange connectors 71, 73 are fixedly connected to the primary compression chamber 9 and the secondary compression chamber 47 through waveguide flanges;

[0057] The first-stage compression chamber uses amplitude modulation to achieve flat-top output, and the second-stage compression chamber further compresses the flat-top waveform to increase the output power.

[0058] In this embodiment, the compression ratio Cr of the first-stage compression chamber 9 is 7, and the compression ratio Cr of the second-stage compression chamber 47 is 5.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3 and the second-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 37 both contain a standard waveguide, a wide waveguide and a circular waveguide, which are used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide.

[0060] In this embodiment, both the primary compression chamber 9 and the secondary compression chamber 47 are equipped with CF35 flanges for mounting an ion pump or a detuning device.

[0061] In this embodiment, both the primary compression chamber 9 and the secondary compression chamber 47 have a compact structure.

[0062] In this embodiment, the energy multiplier further includes rectangular waveguide flange connectors 71, 72, 73, 74 for connecting an external system and two pulse compression cavities.

[0063] In this embodiment, both the primary compression chamber 9 and the secondary compression chamber 47 are provided with cooling water channels and tuning screws for ensuring operational stability and adjusting operating frequency.

[0064] In this embodiment, the energy multiplier also includes a symmetrically arranged first lower cylinder 7 and a first upper cylinder 8; a first lower hemisphere 11 and a first upper hemisphere 12; a second lower cylinder 41 and a second upper cylinder 42; a first equatorial step 13 and a second equatorial step 50; a first CF flange 16 and a second CF flange 46; a second upper hemisphere 48 and a second lower hemisphere 49.

[0065] In this embodiment, the output waveform of the first-stage compression chamber 9 is a flat-top waveform, and the output waveform of the second-stage compression chamber 47 is an exponentially decreasing high-power radio frequency waveform.

[0066] In this embodiment, the energy multiplier also includes four cooling water channels 17, 18, 19, and 20 of the first-stage compression chamber 9, which are used to provide cooling for the first-stage compression chamber 9. The cooling water channels of the first-stage compression chamber 9 are connected to the external cooling system through the water inlet pipes 23, 21, 25, and 27 of the first-stage compression chamber 9 and the water return pipes 24, 22, 26, and 28 of the first-stage compression chamber 9.

[0067] In this embodiment, the energy multiplier also includes four cooling water channels 51, 52, 53, 54 of the secondary compression chamber 47, which are used to provide cooling for the secondary compression chamber 47. The cooling water channel of the secondary compression chamber 47 is connected to the external cooling system through the water inlet pipe 55, 57, 59, 61 of the secondary compression chamber 47 and the water return pipe 56, 58, 60, 62 of the secondary compression chamber 47. The connecting pipes 15 and 45 are located between the air extraction hole and the external vacuum system, and are used to extract the air inside the compression chamber and maintain the vacuum state inside the chamber to ensure the efficiency of microwave transmission.

[0068] In this embodiment, Figure 3 In the embodiment, a first symmetrical cavity 5 and a second symmetrical cavity 6 as well as a third symmetrical cavity 39 and a fourth symmetrical cavity 40 are symmetrically arranged, and a first protrusion 4 and a second protrusion 38 are symmetrically arranged, and a first air pumping hole 14 and a second air pumping hole 44 are respectively arranged in the two cavities.

[0069] In this embodiment, the output waveform of the RF pulse compression system can be calculated based on the transient differential equation (1) derived from the energy conservation theorem.

[0070]

[0071] By solving the above equations, we can obtain the radiation field equation (2) and output field equation (3) of the spherical cavity after the first-stage compression:

[0072]

[0073] The output waveform of the spherical compressor can be obtained by the above two formulas, where β is the coupling coefficient:

[0074] The cavity filling time T C =2Q l / ω=2Q0 / [ω(1+β)], coefficient α=2β / (1+β), Q l =Q0 / (1+β).

[0075] t1 is the pulse reversal time and t2 is the pulse width.

[0076] In this embodiment, the performance of the RF pulse compression system depends on the frequency (f), the no-load quality factor (Q0), and the coupling factor (β) of the cavity working mode. In the present invention, both pulse compressors adopt a spherical cavity design. Specifically, the first compression cavity is TE 114 Mode operation, the quality factor is Q0≈1.3×10 5 The secondary compression chamber works at TE 112 mode, the no-load quality factor is Q0≈7.4×10 4The frequencies of the first and second compression chambers are determined by the power source. A compression ratio (Cr) of 7 is used for the first stage pulse compression and a compression ratio of 5 is used for the second stage compression. The beta of each cavity can be freely optimized. The two compression chambers are of similar design and each is equipped with a CF35 flange for mounting an ion pump or a detuning device.

[0077] In this embodiment, Fig.10 In order to further improve the high-power operation stability and the average gain of the output power, pulse modulation is used to obtain a flat-top output after the first-stage pulse compression. The principle of amplitude modulation (AM) is to slowly increase the incident wave power after the phase flip to compensate for the exponentially decaying radiation wave of the resonant cavity and achieve a flat-top output. At time t1, the incident wave undergoes a sudden change, and the normalized amplitude drops from 1 to Ek while the phase flips by π. During the time period t1 to t2, the amplitude of the incident wave is gradually increased from Ek to 1 to compensate for the gradually decaying radiation wave of the cavity, so that the amplitude of the output wave Er of the first-stage compression cavity remains constant. Assuming that after time t1, the normalized amplitude of the incident wave increases from Ek to 1, the output wave Er of the first-stage compression cavity depends entirely on the value of Ek.

[0078] In this embodiment, in order to achieve the simultaneous excitation of the two energy storage modes in the spherical compressor cavity, a 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is applied. This coupler integrates the functions of a 3dB directional coupler, a mode converter and a polarizer. The convexity at the junction of the standard waveguide and the wide waveguide mainly plays the role of mode conversion. The TE input in the standard square waveguide 10 The mode is converted here into a mixed TE in a wide waveguide 10 and TE 20 A circular waveguide is introduced at a suitable position to couple these two modes into the circular waveguide, forming two orthogonally polarized TE modes in the circular waveguide. 11 mode. The two orthogonally polarized TE 11 The positive mode can serve as the excitation for the two modes in the resonant cavity.

[0079] In this embodiment, the coupler is a three-port RF component with two rectangular waveguide ports and one circular waveguide port. In the present invention, a cylindrical waveguide at the bottom is used, and the end of the wide waveguide is extended into two symmetrical ear-shaped structures. The addition of these two symmetrical structures increases the symmetry of the microwave structure and can effectively simulate the generation of heterogeneous modes.

[0080] In this embodiment, the working process of the two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier is as follows: the RF wave is input from the first pulse compressor, and then the amplitude modulation is performed to complete the pulse compression and energy amplification to output a flat-top waveform. This signal is further compressed and amplified after passing through the secondary pulse compressor to output an exponentially decreasing high-power RF wave. The waveform after amplitude modulation and the output waveform after secondary compression are as follows: Fig.11shown.

[0081] The working principle and use process of the present invention: When the miniaturized high-power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier is in use, the radio frequency signal is first input from the first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port 1 to the first-stage compression cavity 9. Inside the first-stage compression cavity 9, the radio frequency signal is first pulse compressed through the spherical cavity working in the TE114 mode, and the amplitude modulation method AM is used to achieve flat-top output, that is, at time t1, the incident wave undergoes a sudden change, and the phase flips by π while the normalized amplitude drops from 1 to Ek. Amplitude modulation is performed in the time period t1-t2, and the amplitude of the incident wave gradually increases from Ek to 1, compensating for the gradually attenuated radiation wave of the cavity, so that the amplitude of the output wave Er of the first-stage compression cavity remains constant.

[0082] The first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3 converts the RF signal from the TE10 mode to two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide. This coupler integrates the functions of the 3dB directional coupler, mode converter and polarizer. The RF signal with a flat-top output is output from the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3 through the amplitude modulation method and transmitted to the second-stage compression cavity 47 through the coupling hole 10. Inside the second-stage compression cavity 47, the RF signal undergoes a second pulse compression through the spherical cavity working in the TE112 mode. This compression further increases the output power.

[0083] The secondary compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 37 converts the RF signal from the TE10 mode to two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide. After the second compression, the waveform of the RF signal becomes an exponentially decreasing high-power RF waveform. The exponentially decreasing high-power RF waveform is output from the secondary compression cavity output waveguide port 2.

[0084] The primary compression chamber 9 and the secondary compression chamber 47 are cooled by cooling water channels 17, 18, 19, 20 and 51, 52, 53, 54 to ensure the stable operation of the system. The cooling water is connected to the external cooling system through the water inlet pipe and the water return pipe. The working frequency of the primary compression chamber 9 and the secondary compression chamber 47 is adjusted by tuning screws 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 and 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70. The tuning screws are installed on the upper and lower hemispheres of the compression chamber, and the size of the resonance chamber is changed by squeezing the screws to achieve the purpose of changing the working frequency.

[0085] The rectangular waveguide flange connectors 71, 72, 73, 74 are used to connect the external system and the two pulse compression chambers to achieve system integration. The two compression chambers are connected by the rectangular waveguide flanges 73, 74 to ensure the integrity and stability of the system.

[0086] Embodiment: The following is a specific embodiment, which describes in detail the technical solution of a miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier:

[0087] The present invention provides a miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier, which aims to solve the contradiction between the difficulty of further improving the power gain of the energy multiplier in the prior art and the miniaturization of the energy multiplier. The following is a specific implementation of the present invention:

[0088] The structure of this embodiment, the energy multiplier mainly includes the following parts:

[0089] First-stage compression cavity input waveguide port 1;

[0090] The first stage compression chamber 9;

[0091] First-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3;

[0092] eight tuning screws (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36);

[0093] Secondary compression chamber 47;

[0094] Two-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 37;

[0095] eight tuning screws (63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70);

[0096] Secondary compression cavity output waveguide port 2;

[0097] Rectangular waveguide flange connector (71, 73).

[0098] In this embodiment, each part is described in detail:

[0099] The first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port 1 is used to receive radio frequency signals and is the input end of the energy multiplier.

[0100] First stage compression chamber 9: internal working mode is TE 114 The spherical cavity is used for the first pulse compression of the RF signal. The cavity has a compact structure design to reduce the volume.

[0101] First-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3: used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide. The coupler has the functions of mode conversion and polarizer to ensure the effective transmission of signals.

[0102] Tuning screws (29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36): used to adjust the operating frequency of the first-stage compression chamber 9 to ensure that the chamber operates at the required frequency.

[0103] Secondary compression chamber 47: internal working mode is TE 112 The spherical cavity is used for performing a second pulse compression on the signal output by the first compression cavity 9. The cavity also has a compact structural design.

[0104] Secondary compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 37: used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide, ensuring effective transmission of the signal in the secondary compression cavity.

[0105] Tuning screws (63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70): used to adjust the operating frequency of the secondary compression chamber 47 to ensure that the chamber operates at a desired frequency.

[0106] Secondary compression cavity output waveguide port 2: used to output compressed high-power radio frequency signal, and is the output end of the energy multiplier.

[0107] Rectangular waveguide flange connector (71, 73): used to connect the external system and the two pulse compression cavities to ensure the integrity and stability of the system.

[0108] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the RF signal is input from the first compression cavity input waveguide port 1, and is first pulse compressed through the first compression cavity 9. In the first compression cavity, the amplitude modulation method is used to achieve flat-top output. Then, the signal is transmitted to the second compression cavity 47 through the first compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler 3 for the second pulse compression. Finally, the high-power RF signal after the second compression is output from the second compression cavity output waveguide port 2.

[0109] In the cooling and tuning process of this embodiment, the first compression chamber 9 and the second compression chamber 47 may be provided with cooling water channels to provide cooling for the chambers and ensure stable operation of the system. The tuning screw is used to adjust the operating frequency of the chamber to adapt to different working requirements.

[0110] Specific implementation details of this embodiment: The first-stage compression chamber 9 and the second-stage compression chamber 47 are both spherical cavity designs, and work in TE114 mode and TE112 mode respectively. The frequencies of the two compression chambers are determined by the power source, and the compression ratios are 7 and 5 respectively. Each compression chamber is equipped with a CF35 flange for installing an ion pump or a detuning device. The amplitude modulation method is used to achieve a flat-top output of the first-stage compression chamber and improve the average gain of the output power. The 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler is used to achieve the conversion from TE10 mode to TE11 mode to ensure the effective transmission of the signal.

[0111] In summary, the miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier of the present invention achieves high power output and flat-top waveform output through two-stage pulse compression and amplitude modulation methods, and improves output power gain and average power gain. The energy multiplier has a compact structural design and high power output capability, and is suitable for high power microwave systems, electron linear accelerators and other fields.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier, characterized in that: The energy multiplier comprises: The first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port (1) is used to receive radio frequency signals; A first-stage compression cavity (9), whose internal working mode is TE114 and is a first spherical cavity used for performing initial pulse compression on a radio frequency signal, wherein the first-stage compression cavity (9) is fixedly connected to the first-stage compression cavity input waveguide port (1); A first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler (3) is used to convert a TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in a circular waveguide, wherein the first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler (3) is fixedly connected to the first-stage compression cavity (9) via a coupling hole (10); A secondary compression cavity (47), whose internal working mode is TE112 and is a second spherical cavity used for performing a second pulse compression on the signal output by the primary compression cavity (9), wherein the secondary compression cavity (47) is fixedly connected to the secondary compression cavity output waveguide port (2); A two-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler (37) is used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide, and the two-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler (37) is fixedly connected to the two-stage compression cavity (47) via a coupling hole (43); A secondary compression chamber output waveguide port (2) is used to output a compressed high-power radio frequency signal, and the secondary compression chamber output waveguide port (2) is fixedly connected to the secondary compression chamber (47); Rectangular waveguide flange connectors (71, 73) are used to connect an external system and two pulse compression chambers, wherein the rectangular waveguide flange connectors (71, 73) are fixedly connected to the primary compression chamber (9) and the secondary compression chamber (47) via waveguide flanges; The first-stage compression chamber uses an amplitude modulation method to achieve flat-top output, and the second-stage compression chamber further compresses the flat-top waveform to increase output power.

2. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression ratio Cr of the first-stage compression chamber (9) is 7, and the compression ratio Cr of the second-stage compression chamber (47) is 5.

3. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler (3) and the second-stage compression cavity 3dB orthogonal polarization coupler (37) both contain a standard waveguide, a wide waveguide and a circular waveguide, and are used to convert the TE10 mode into two orthogonally polarized TE11 modes in the circular waveguide.

4. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first-stage compression chamber (9) and the second-stage compression chamber (47) are both equipped with CF35 flanges for installing an ion pump or a detuning device.

5. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 4, characterized in that: The primary compression chamber (9) and the secondary compression chamber (47) both have a compact structural arrangement.

6. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 5, characterized in that: The energy multiplier also includes rectangular waveguide flange connectors (71, 72, 73, 74) for connecting an external system and two pulse compression cavities.

7. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first-stage compression chamber (9) and the second-stage compression chamber (47) are both provided with cooling water channels and tuning screws for ensuring operation stability and adjusting operating frequency.

8. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 7, characterized in that: The output waveform of the first-stage compression chamber (9) is a flat-top waveform, and the output waveform of the second-stage compression chamber (47) is an exponentially decreasing high-power radio frequency waveform.

9. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 8, characterized in that: The energy multiplier also includes four cooling water channels (17, 18, 19, 20) of the primary compression chamber (9), which are used to provide cooling for the primary compression chamber (9); the cooling water channels of the primary compression chamber (9) are connected to an external cooling system via a water inlet pipe (23, 21, 25, 27) of the primary compression chamber (9) and a water return pipe (24, 22, 26, 28) of the primary compression chamber (9).

10. A miniaturized high power gain two-stage pulse compression energy multiplier according to claim 9, characterized in that: The energy multiplier also includes four cooling water channels (51, 52, 53, 54) of the secondary compression chamber (47), which are used to provide cooling for the secondary compression chamber (47); the cooling water channels of the secondary compression chamber (47) are connected to an external cooling system via a water inlet pipe (55, 57, 59, 61) of the secondary compression chamber (47) and a water return pipe (56, 58, 60, 62) of the secondary compression chamber (47).

Images