Environment-friendly low-oil-mist cutting oil and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses environment-friendly low-oil-mist cutting oil which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 30.0-60.0% of mineral base oil; 35.0% to 50.0% of synthetic ester; 0.1 to 1.5 percent of an antioxidant; 0.1%-0.5% of a copper corrosion inhibitor; 0.5%-3.5% of an anti-wear agent; 5.0%-10.0% of an extreme pressure agent; 1.0 to 5.0 percent of a cooling agent; and 0.1%-0.5% of an anti-oil mist agent. According to the environment-friendly low-oil-mist cutting oil disclosed by the invention, the cooling speed of an oil product is increased by adopting the cooling agent, the lubricating property is improved through the anti-wear agent and the extreme pressure agent, the volatilization of the oil product caused by too high local oil temperature in a machining process is avoided, and the volatilization of oil mist is finally reduced by combining the oil mist volatilization inhibiting effect of the oil mist resisting agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the environment-friendly low-oil-mist cutting oil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of metal processing oil. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, cutting oils with cooling, lubricating, cleaning and rust-proofing functions have been used in industrial manufacturing. Due to the volatilization of the base oil itself, insufficient lubrication leading to excessively high oil temperature, high-pressure spray flushing and other factors, oil mist volatilization can cause respiratory diseases and skin irritation and allergies in contact personnel. Long-term contact can also increase the risk of cancer for employees, endangering their safety and health. At the same time, oil mist is discharged into the air, causing adverse effects on the environment.

[0003] Research on low oil mist volatility cutting oils shows that adding anti-oil mist agents such as high molecular polymers to metal cutting oils can reduce the amount of oil mist volatilization; the invention patent with publication number CN105838487A separates a low oil mist grinding oil. The invention patent with publication number CN110582604A provides an oil mist inhibitor, a lubricant containing the oil mist inhibitor, and an oil mist reduction method using the oil mist inhibitor, wherein the oil mist inhibitor effectively inhibits the oil mist generated by the lubricant during the treatment with the lubricant without weakening the purpose or effect of the treatment with the lubricant. The refined lard with publication number CN 111154527 A and the extreme pressure agent are compounded and synergistic, with excellent lubricity, which can quickly take away the heat of the tool, effectively reduce the metal corrosion of the copper section caused by local high temperature during the CNC processing of brass and red copper, and inhibit the oil mist generated by the high temperature volatilization of PAO base oil during the cutting process.

[0004] The use of high-distillation isoparaffins as base oils has a good effect on reducing the volatility of oil mist, but under harsh conditions, such as high-speed cutting and processing of special materials, the effect of reducing oil mist is not obvious. Studies have shown that in the process of high-speed cutting and special materials such as high-hardness or high-toughness materials, a large amount of heat generated cannot be conducted away in time, resulting in excessive local temperature, causing the oil component to evaporate quickly and form excessive oil mist. Adding anti-oil mist agents to cutting oils is also a commonly used method to reduce the volatility of oil mist. However, due to the limitation of anti-oil mist properties to high molecular weight polymers, the molecular particles are large and are easily adsorbed and filtered away during the application process. At the same time, under the shearing action of the pump and the condition of excessive temperature, the molecules break and fail. The present invention introduces the concept of coolant, which is an oil-soluble sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate. During the oil processing process, the cooling rate of the oil can be increased, and the oil temperature can be effectively reduced, especially the local oil temperature in the processing area, thereby avoiding or reducing the volatility of oil mist. The application of this mechanism of action in oil-based cutting oils has not been reported.

[0005] In summary, there are no reports in domestic and foreign literature on using coolants to increase the cooling rate of oil products and ultimately reduce the volatilization of cutting oil mist. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil with the characteristics of low oil mist volatility, which can reduce the volatility of oil mist during the processing, protect the health of contact personnel and reduce harm to the environment.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil.

[0008] A technical solution to achieve the above purpose is: an environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, comprising the following components in weight percentage:

[0009]

[0010] The above-mentioned environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil, wherein the initial distillation point IBP of the mineral base oil is greater than 270°C, and the final distillation point IBP is greater than 650°C.

[0011] The above-mentioned environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, wherein the saponification value of the synthetic ester is 160-180 mgKOH / g, and the viscosity of the synthetic ester at 40°C is 45-50 mm 2 / s.

[0012] In the above-mentioned environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil, the antioxidant is 4,4-methylene (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) with a purity of ≥98%.

[0013] In the above-mentioned environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil, the copper corrosion inhibitor is N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]amine.

[0014] In the above-mentioned environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, the anti-wear agent is a phosphate amine salt, and its structural formula is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] In the formula, R is an alkyl group, n is 1 to 3, and m is 4 to n.

[0017] In the above-mentioned environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil, the extreme pressure agent is a long-chain sulfurized fatty acid ester, and the sulfur content thereof is 10-20%.

[0018] The above-mentioned environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, wherein the coolant is oil-soluble sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, the base value of which is 0.20-0.25% NaOH, the active matter content is 60.0-62.0%, and the structural formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula, R1 is a C10-13 alkyl group.

[0021] The above-mentioned environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, wherein the anti-oil mist agent is an isobutylene polymer with a viscosity of 1300-1700mm at 70°C. 2 / s.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, comprising the following steps:

[0023] Step A, adding mineral base oil, synthetic ester, antioxidant and copper corrosion inhibitor into a reaction kettle in sequence, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle at 80-92° C., stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and the stirring speed is 400-800 rpm;

[0024] Step B, controlling the temperature in the reactor at 40-50° C., then sequentially adding an anti-wear agent, an extreme pressure agent and a coolant into the reactor, stirring until the mixture is uniform, and the stirring speed is 400-800 rpm;

[0025] Step C, adding the anti-oil mist agent into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle at 35-40° C., stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and the stirring speed is 400-800 rpm;

[0026] Step D, sampling, analyzing and discharging the material into a can to obtain an environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil and the technical solution of the preparation method thereof have the following advantages:

[0028] (1) It is a non-water-soluble cutting oil, which reduces the volatilization of oil mist during the processing, protects the health of contact personnel and reduces harm to the environment;

[0029] (2) By using coolant to increase the cooling rate of cutting oil, the oil temperature can be effectively reduced, thereby avoiding or reducing the volatilization of oil mist. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a test result diagram of oil mist concentration in the embodiment;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the cooling rate test after adding coolant to the example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the specific implementation methods thereof are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Example 1

[0034] An environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil is formulated according to the formula in Table 1.

[0035] Table 1, environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil formula table of Example 1:

[0036] Components Content (weight %) Mineral base oil 58.0 Synthetic ester 34.4 Antioxidants 0.2 Copper corrosion inhibitor 0.2 Antiwear Agents 2.0 Extreme Pressure Agents 5.0 Coolant 0 Anti-oil mist agent 0.2

[0037] Example 2

[0038] An environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, having a formulation according to Table 2.

[0039] Table 2, environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil formula table of Example 2:

[0040] Components Content (weight %) Mineral base oil 56.0 Synthetic ester 34.4 Antioxidants 0.2 Copper corrosion inhibitor 0.2 Antiwear Agents 2.0 Extreme Pressure Agents 5.0 Coolant 2.0 Anti-oil mist agent 0.2

[0041] Example 3

[0042] An environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, having a formulation according to Table 3.

[0043] Table 3, environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil formula table of Example 3:

[0044] Components Content (weight %) Mineral base oil 56.2 Synthetic ester 34.4 Antioxidants 0.2 Copper corrosion inhibitor 0.2 Antiwear Agents 2.0 Extreme Pressure Agents 5.0 Coolant 2.0 Anti-oil mist agent 0

[0045] Example 4

[0046] An environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, having a composition according to the formula in Table 4.

[0047] Table 4, environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil formula table of Example 4:

[0048] Components Content (weight %) Mineral base oil 52.0 Synthetic ester 34.4 Antioxidants 0.2 Copper corrosion inhibitor 0.2 Antiwear Agents 3.0 Extreme Pressure Agents 8.0 Coolant 2.0 Anti-oil mist agent 0.2

[0049] Example 5

[0050] An environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, having a composition according to the formula in Table 5.

[0051] Table 5, environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil formula table of Example 5:

[0052] Components Content (weight %) Mineral base oil 53.5 Synthetic ester 34.4 Antioxidants 0.2 Copper corrosion inhibitor 0.2 Antiwear Agents 3.0 Extreme Pressure Agents 8.0 Coolant 0.5 Anti-oil mist agent 0.2

[0053] In the environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oils in Examples 1 to 5, the initial boiling point IBP of the mineral base oil is >270°C, and the final boiling point IBP is >650°C.

[0054] The saponification value of the synthetic ester is 160-180 mgKOH / g and the viscosity (40°C) is 45-50 mm^2 / s.

[0055] The antioxidant is 4,4-methylene (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), and its purity is ≥98%.

[0056] The copper corrosion inhibitor is N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]amine.

[0057] The anti-wear agent is phosphate amine salt, and its structural formula is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, R is an alkyl group, n is 1 to 3, and m is 4 to n.

[0060] The extreme pressure agent uses long-chain sulfurized fatty acid esters with a sulfur content of 10 to 20%;

[0061] The coolant is oil-soluble sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, the base value of which is 0.20-0.25% NaOH and the active matter content is 60.0-62.0%.

[0062] Its structural formula is as follows:

[0063]

[0064] Wherein R1 is C10~13 alkyl

[0065] The anti-oil mist agent adopts isobutylene polymer, and the viscosity (70℃) is 1300~1700mm^2 / s.

[0066] The above raw materials are all commercially available products.

[0067] The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil in Examples 1 to 5 is prepared by the following preparation method:

[0068] Step A, adding mineral base oil, synthetic ester, antioxidant and copper corrosion inhibitor into the reactor in sequence, controlling the temperature in the reactor at 80-92° C., stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed of 400-800 rpm;

[0069] Step B, controlling the temperature in the reactor at 40-50° C., then sequentially adding anti-wear agent, extreme pressure agent and coolant into the reactor and stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed of 400-800 rpm;

[0070] Step C, adding the anti-oil mist agent into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle at 35-40° C., stirring for 30 minutes at a stirring speed of 400-800 rpm;

[0071] Step D, sampling, analysis and canning.

[0072] During the development of the environmentally friendly low-oil mist cutting oil of the present invention, the inventor designed the influence trend of mineral base oil, coolant, anti-oil mist agent and lubricating performance on oil mist concentration based on the higher requirements for cooling low-oil mist volatility in the metal processing process, and conducted experimental verification, and finally screened out the optimal component ratio.

[0073] A comparative experiment was conducted on the processing performance of the environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil of the present invention and traditional cutting oil.

[0074] Oil Mist Tester TM data II

[0075] The test instrument is the oil mist tester TM data II manufactured by Helmut Hund GmbH. The test standard is DIN EN 55022. The test results of the oil mist tester are as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0076] according to Figure 1 The test results of oil mist concentration are compared. Under the same test conditions, Examples 1 to 5 use base oils with higher distillation points, and the oil mist concentration of all finished cutting oils is lower than that of traditional cutting oils. Example 1 is a basic formula without coolant. After adding coolant to Example 1, Example 2 significantly reduces the oil mist concentration. After removing the anti-oil mist agent in Example 3, the oil mist concentration is increased again. It can be seen that the anti-oil mist agent is also one of the key factors. Example 4 improves the lubrication performance on the basis of Example 2, contains coolant, and increases the content of lubricating additives. Under the joint action of the anti-oil mist agent, the oil mist concentration decreases most significantly. Example 5 reduces the content of coolant, and the oil mist concentration is increased again. This example verifies that a certain amount of coolant is a key factor in low oil mist performance. In summary, coolants, anti-oil mist agents, and lubricating additives can all reduce the volatilization of oil mist from products. Among them, the role of coolant is the most critical.

[0077] Swedish Rise IVF cooling characteristics tester

[0078] See also Figure 2 , the instrument is ivf SmartQuench. The working principle is to immerse a test probe that has been preheated in a furnace to the corresponding starting temperature into the quenching medium to be tested. The probe is made of standard size and standard material. The probe has a built-in thermocouple and is connected to a recording device (handheld unit) to record the temperature-time process.

[0079] The test standards are international standards ISO 9950, ASTM D 6200-01 and ASTM D 6482-06. The test couple uses a 1.5mm K-type thermocouple. The test results are shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0080] from Figure 2 It can be seen that after adding the coolant, the cooling rate curve of Example 1 moves upward, significantly increasing the maximum cooling rate. Due to the reduction of the coolant content, the cooling rate of Example 5 is relatively significantly reduced.

[0081] The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil of the present invention, in embodiments 2 to 5, a coolant is added, and the coolant is oil-soluble sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate; the heat generated in the processing process is quickly taken away by the rapid cooling function of the coolant, and the volatilization of the oil caused by excessive oil temperature is avoided. The lubricant is a compound of phosphate amine salt and long-chain sulfurized fatty acid ester, which can improve lubrication, reduce friction resistance, and reduce heat generation during machining; the anti-oil mist agent is an isobutylene polymer, which reduces the volatilization of oil mist through the mechanism of molecular adsorption.

[0082] In summary, the environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil and its preparation method of the present invention use a coolant to increase the cooling rate of the oil, add anti-wear agents and extreme pressure agents to improve the lubrication performance of the product, and avoid the volatilization of the oil due to excessively high local oil temperature during machining. Combined with the anti-oil mist agent's effect of inhibiting the volatilization of oil mist, the volatilization of oil mist is finally reduced.

[0083] Those skilled in the art should recognize that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As long as they are within the spirit of the present invention, any changes or modifications to the above embodiments will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil, characterized in that: The composition comprises the following weight percentages:

2. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial boiling point IBP of the mineral base oil is greater than 270°C, and the final boiling point IBP is greater than 650°C.

3. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The saponification value of the synthetic ester is 160-180 mgKOH / g, and the viscosity of the synthetic ester at 40°C is 45-50 mm 2 / s.

4. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant is 4,4-methylene (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol) with a purity of ≥98%.

5. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The copper corrosion inhibitor is N,N-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-[(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl]amine.

6. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-wear agent is a phosphate amine salt, and its structural formula is as follows: In the formula, R is an alkyl group, n is 1 to 3, and m is 4 to n.

7. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extreme pressure agent is a long-chain sulfurized fatty acid ester, and the sulfur content of the long-chain sulfurized fatty acid ester is 10-20%.

8. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coolant is oil-soluble sodium alkyl aryl sulfonate, the base value of which is 0.20-0.25% NaOH, the active matter content is 60.0-62.0%, and the structural formula is as follows: In the formula, R1 is a C10-13 alkyl group.

9. The environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-oil mist agent is an isobutylene polymer with a viscosity of 1300-1700 mm at 70°C. 2 / s.

10. The method for preparing the environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step A, adding mineral base oil, synthetic ester, antioxidant and copper corrosion inhibitor into a reaction kettle in sequence, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle at 80-92° C., stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and the stirring speed is 400-800 rpm; Step B, controlling the temperature in the reactor at 40-50° C., then sequentially adding an anti-wear agent, an extreme pressure agent and a coolant into the reactor, stirring until the mixture is uniform, and the stirring speed is 400-800 rpm; Step C, adding the anti-oil mist agent into the reaction kettle, controlling the temperature in the reaction kettle at 35-40° C., stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and the stirring speed is 400-800 rpm; Step D, sampling, analyzing and discharging the material into a can to obtain an environmentally friendly low oil mist cutting oil.

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