Underground excavation tunnel mechanical advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses underground excavation tunnel mechanical advance middle pipe shed construction equipment and method.The underground excavation tunnel mechanical advance middle pipe shed construction equipment comprises a supporting base, a mechanical arm is arranged on the supporting base, a drill bit mounting piece is arranged at the movable tail end of the mechanical arm, and a plurality of drill bit connecting parts used for mounting drill bits are arranged on the drill bit mounting piece; and the drill bit connecting part is detachably connected with the drill bit and is used for forming a preset drill bit layout on the drill bit mounting piece so as to adapt to different tunnel faces. Manual construction is replaced by mechanical construction, the danger of workers in the construction process is reduced, construction procedures are reduced, steel arches and the like do not need to be arranged, the construction cost is reduced, and meanwhile the construction efficiency is improved. In addition, due to mechanical construction, the construction accuracy is improved, the construction accuracy is more consistent with the design specification, and the construction quality is improved. The drill bit installation part is installed on the front portion of the mechanical arm, drill bits of different models can be installed according to different working conditions, the installation positions of the drill bits can be flexibly adjusted, and the construction efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more specifically, to a mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction device and method for a dark-digging tunnel. Background Art

[0002] The traditional pipe shed and anchor construction method requires the erection of steel arch frames in advance for manual drilling. As the tunnel section increases, the difficulty of erecting steel arch frames will increase, and the danger will increase when drilling manually. At the same time, the increase in section will also increase the complexity of construction, thereby reducing construction efficiency and increasing time costs. At the same time, the manual construction of pipe sheds requires a lot of manpower and materials to build, and the construction cost is relatively high. In addition, during the construction process, workers need to work in a small space, which may cause compression and other safety hazards, and the safety risk is relatively high. In addition, dust, noise, and harmful gases may be generated during the construction process, posing a threat to the health of workers.

[0003] The above shortcomings need to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve or alleviate the problems of low efficiency and many potential safety hazards in the above-mentioned prior art pipe-roof construction, the present invention provides a mechanized advanced pipe-roof construction device and method for dark-excavated tunnels.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A mechanized advanced pipe shed construction device and method for a dark tunnel, comprising a support seat, a mechanical arm is arranged on the support seat, a drill bit mounting piece is arranged at the movable end of the mechanical arm, a plurality of drill bit connecting parts for mounting drill bits are arranged on the drill bit mounting piece, the drill bit connecting parts are detachably connected to the drill bits, and are used to form a preset drill bit layout on the drill bit mounting piece to adapt to different heading faces.

[0007] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark-excavated tunnels, a walking mechanism is provided on the support seat, and the walking mechanism is used to drive the support seat to move.

[0008] Furthermore, the walking mechanism is a crawler mechanism.

[0009] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark-digging tunnels, the mechanical arm is movably connected to the drill bit mounting piece.

[0010] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced pipe-roof construction equipment for dark-excavated tunnels, a hinge and a telescopic drive are provided between the mechanical arm and the drill mounting part, the hinge is used to connect the mechanical arm and the drill mounting part, and the telescopic drive part is used to change the relative position of the mechanical arm and the drill mounting part.

[0011] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark-digging tunnels, the drill bit connecting parts are arranged in a rectangular array on the drill bit mounting parts.

[0012] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced central pipe shed construction equipment for dark-excavated tunnels, the drill bit connecting parts are arranged in a circular array on the drill bit mounting parts.

[0013] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe-roof construction equipment for dark-excavated tunnels, the cross-section of the drill bit mounting piece is the same as the shape of the tunnel clearance section, and the size of the cross-section of the drill bit mounting piece is smaller than the size of the tunnel clearance section.

[0014] In the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe-roof construction equipment for dark-excavated tunnels, the cross-section of the drill bit mounting piece is fan-shaped, semicircular or rectangular.

[0015] A mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction method for a dark-digging tunnel is applicable to the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for a dark-digging tunnel, and comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Pre-processing: clean the work area, level the site, measure and lay out, and determine the drilling location and direction;

[0017] S2. Drilling operation: select a drill bit according to actual engineering conditions, install the drill bit on the drill bit mounting part, adjust the drill bit position through the mechanical arm, and drill;

[0018] S3. Clean the drill hole: After drilling, flush the hole with compressed air or water to remove drilling cuttings, dust and other impurities to ensure good adhesion of the hole wall;

[0019] S4. Install the pipe rack: insert the prefabricated pipe rack into the drilled hole, seal the gap between the pipe mouth and the hole wall, and inject cement slurry into the pipe rack.

[0020] The present invention according to the above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention replaces manual construction with mechanical construction, reduces the danger of manual labor in the construction process, reduces construction procedures, and does not need to set up steel arches, thereby reducing construction costs and improving construction efficiency. In addition, mechanized construction also improves the accuracy of construction, is more consistent with design specifications, and improves construction quality. A drill bit mounting piece is installed on the front of the mechanical arm, and different types of drill bits can be installed according to different working conditions, and the drill bit installation position can be flexibly adjusted, greatly improving construction efficiency.

[0022] 2. The present invention uses a drill bit mounting part that matches the geometric shape of the tunnel excavation, and arranges the drill bit in front of the drill bit mounting part. In the special positions of the dark tunnel excavation face, such as the corners and arch feet using the step method, the space for mechanical drilling to make pipe sheds is relatively limited, and mechanical drilling construction in special geometric spaces can be achieved. Compared with the existing process, due to the different shapes of excavated tunnels, the replaceable and detachable drill bit mounting part that matches the tunnel clearance shape can achieve high-efficiency mechanized drilling operations for tunnels of different shapes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first drill bit mounting member in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second drill bit mounting member in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a third drill bit mounting member in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth drill bit mounting member in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are: 1, support base; 2, mechanical arm; 3, drill mounting part; 301, drill connecting part; 4, walking mechanism; 5, drill bit; 6, hinge; 7, telescopic driving part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed" or "set" or "connected" to another component, it may be located directly or indirectly on the other component. The directions or positions indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the directions or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations on the present technical solution. The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for the convenience of description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. "Several" means one or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a mechanized advanced pipe-roof construction equipment for a dark-excavated tunnel described in one embodiment of the present invention includes a support base 1, a mechanical arm 2 is arranged on the support base 1, a drill bit mounting part 3 is arranged at the movable end of the mechanical arm 2, and a plurality of drill bit connecting parts 301 for mounting drill bits 5 are arranged on the drill bit mounting part 3. The drill bit connecting parts 301 are detachably connected to the drill bits 5, and are used to form a preset drill bit 5 layout on the drill bit mounting part 3 to adapt to different heading faces.

[0034] Before construction, first determine the position of the equipment through measurement and positioning, transport the equipment to the construction site, assemble and debug, correctly install the robot arm 2, drill mounting 3, drill bit 5 and other components to ensure normal operation. Then perform position calibration to ensure that the robot arm 2 can move according to the predetermined trajectory and angle to reach the precise drilling position. Start the equipment, and the robot arm 2 drives the drill mounting 3 and drill bit 5 to move toward the face. After contacting the face, the drill bit 5 starts to rotate and drill. According to the construction requirements, the rotation speed, feed speed, drilling depth and other parameters of the drill bit 5 can be adjusted to control the quality and efficiency of drilling.

[0035] During the drilling process, if different hardness strata are encountered or the borehole diameter needs to be changed, different types of drill bits 5 can be used to adapt. The multiple drill bit connectors 301 on the drill bit mounting member 3 can easily disassemble and replace the drill bit 5, thereby improving the flexibility and efficiency of the construction.

[0036] After the drilling is completed, the prefabricated pipe shed is inserted into the drilled hole. Then inject grout or other anchoring materials into the pipe shed to fill the gap between the drilled hole and the pipe shed. When grouting, first inject at low pressure and medium flow. The pressure gradually increases during the grouting process, and the grouting flow gradually decreases. When the pressure rises to the final pressure, continue to pressurize for 5 minutes before ending the grouting. The anchoring grout can be cement slurry, and water glass is added to the cement slurry. Water glass expands when it comes into contact with water, which can prevent water seepage.

[0037] After the anchoring operation is completed, an effective advance support structure is formed. According to the needs, multiple pipe racks are set on the face to form a temperature advance support structure. The drill bit mounting member 3 can be equipped with multiple drill bits 5 at the same time as needed, so that multiple holes can be drilled at the same time to improve the drilling efficiency.

[0038] In this embodiment, mechanical construction equipment is used instead of manual construction, and the mechanical arm 2 can replace manual entry into the dangerous area for drilling operations, avoiding workers from entering the dangerous area and reducing the danger of workers during the construction process. Mechanized construction can significantly improve the mechanical arm 2 to be able to quickly and accurately reach the designated position for drilling operations, and can work continuously, and can simplify the construction of a safe structure and improve construction efficiency. Mechanized construction reduces the consumption of labor and materials and reduces construction costs. At the same time, mechanized construction can also reduce errors and waste during the construction process and further improve economic benefits. The mechanical arm 2 can accurately control the stable drilling of the drill bit 5 to ensure that the quality and position of the borehole meet the design requirements, thereby improving the stability and safety of the overall support structure. The equipment can install different types of drill bits 5 according to different working conditions and formation conditions to form a preset drill bit 5 layout, so that the equipment can flexibly adapt to the construction needs of different faces and improve the adaptability of the equipment to the construction environment.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the drill bit connection part 301 is provided with a pneumatic clamp or an electric clamp.

[0040] In this embodiment, the pneumatic clamp and the electric clamp can quickly and accurately clamp and release the drill bit 5, reducing the time for replacing the drill bit 5 and improving the construction efficiency. The pneumatic clamp and the electric clamp can firmly fix the drill bit 5 to prevent the drill bit 5 from falling off or loosening during the drilling process, thereby reducing the construction risk.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a walking mechanism 4 is provided on the support base 1, and the walking mechanism 4 is used to drive the support base 1 to move.

[0042] The traveling mechanism 4 is a crawler-type mechanism.

[0043] Before construction begins or when the equipment needs to be moved, the operator starts the power system of the walking mechanism 4. This can be achieved by remote control or manual control of the joystick. The operator can move forward or backward according to construction needs. The traction provided by the crawler walking mechanism 4 is sufficient to overcome various terrain obstacles and ensure that the equipment can reach the designated location stably and quickly. By adjusting the speed and steering angle of the crawlers on both sides, the equipment can move flexibly on complex terrain.

[0044] In this embodiment, the walking mechanism 4 is provided so that the equipment can move freely during the construction process without relying on external transportation tools, thereby improving the flexibility and maneuverability of the construction and enabling the equipment to quickly respond to changes in construction requirements. At the same time, there is no need to use a crane or other transportation tools to move the construction equipment, saving time and cost. The crawler mechanism enables the equipment to easily cope with complex terrain, such as muddy, slippery or rocky ground, reducing the difficulty and risk of construction and improving construction efficiency and safety.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the mechanical arm 2 is movably connected to the drill mounting member 3.

[0046] A hinge 6 and a telescopic drive 7 are provided between the mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3. The hinge 6 is used to connect the mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3. The telescopic drive 7 is used to change the relative position of the mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3. Specifically, the telescopic drive 7 is driven by hydraulic pressure.

[0047] The mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3 are connected by a hinge 6 to form a movable whole. The telescopic drive member 7 makes the relative position between the mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3 stable. When the position of the drill bit 5 needs to be adjusted, the operator starts the telescopic drive member 7. The hydraulic drive system starts to work, and the drill mounting member 3 is pushed or pulled by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod of the telescopic drive member 7, thereby changing the relative position between it and the mechanical arm 2. The rotation or swing of the drill mounting member 3 enables the drill bit 5 to accurately reach the construction position and adapt to different construction angles and depths. When the telescopic drive member 7 reaches the predetermined position, the drill bit 5 is driven to drill. After drilling a hole at one position is completed, the position of the drill mounting member 3 is adjusted to continue drilling holes at other positions.

[0048] In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the hinge 6 and the telescopic drive member 7, an active connection is achieved between the mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3. The mechanical arm 2 and the drill mounting member 3 can rotate and swing relative to each other, so that the drill bit 5 can flexibly adjust its position in a complex environment, adapt to various complex terrains and construction conditions, meet different construction needs, and improve construction efficiency and quality.

[0049] Specifically, the mechanical arm 2 can be hinged to the drill bit mounting part 3 through a pivot, and the drill bit mounting part 3 can swing around the pivot. Alternatively, the mechanical arm 2 can be connected to the drill bit mounting part 3 through a space hinge 6, such as a universal coupling, a spherical hinge 6, etc. The space hinge 6 allows the drill bit mounting part 3 to swing or rotate in multiple directions, and the degree of freedom is higher. At the same time, multiple telescopic driving parts 7 are set to work together to accurately control the position of the drill bit mounting part 3. Through the precise control and coordinated work of multiple telescopic driving parts 7, the drill bit 5 can be accurately positioned in three-dimensional space, which improves the accuracy of construction and reduces construction errors. The space hinge 6 allows the drill bit mounting part 3 to swing or rotate in multiple directions, so as to easily adapt to various construction angles and depths, and is particularly suitable for complex terrain and complex construction conditions. Since the drill bit mounting part 3 can flexibly adjust its position and posture, it can reach the predetermined construction position and start construction faster, and the waiting time and adjustment time during the construction process can be reduced, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0050] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the drill bit mounting member 3 is the same as the shape of the tunnel clearance section, and the size of the cross section of the drill bit mounting member 3 is smaller than the size of the tunnel clearance section.

[0051] The cross section of the drill bit mounting member 3 is fan-shaped, semicircular or rectangular.

[0052] Determine the cross-sectional shape of the drill bit mounting member 3 according to the clearance section shape of the tunnel. Common clearance section shapes of tunnels include circular, arched, rectangular, etc., so the cross-sectional shape of the drill bit mounting member 3 is designed to be fan-shaped, semicircular, or rectangular. Ensure that the cross-sectional size of the drill bit mounting member 3 is slightly smaller than the clearance section size of the tunnel, leaving enough space to avoid collision or friction with the tunnel wall, so as to ensure that the drill bit mounting member 3 can smoothly enter the construction area. Select a suitable drill bit mounting member 3 according to the construction requirements, construction environment, etc., and install the drill bit mounting member 3 on the drill bit mounting member 3.

[0053] Before the actual drilling operation, a test drilling is performed to check the working state and performance of the drill bit mounting member 3. The drill bit mounting member 3 and the drill bit 5 are sent into the tunnel, and the position and angle of the drill bit 5 are adjusted according to the construction requirements, and the drilling machine is started to start the drilling operation. During the drilling process, the working state of the drill bit 5 and the actual situation of the tunnel are monitored, and the construction parameters are adjusted in time to ensure the smooth progress of the drilling operation.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cross-section of the drill bit mounting member 3 is the same as the shape of the tunnel clearance section and is slightly smaller in size, so that the drill bit mounting member 3 can smoothly pass through the tunnel, adapt to tunnel clearance sections of different shapes, and improve the versatility and flexibility of the construction equipment.

[0055] like Figure 4As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the drill bit connecting parts 301 are arranged in a rectangular array on the drill bit mounting member 3 .

[0056] or, as Figure 3 As shown, the drill bit connecting parts 301 are arranged in a circular array on the drill bit mounting member 3 .

[0057] or, as Figure 5 As shown, a combination of a rectangular array arrangement and a circular array arrangement.

[0058] In actual application, the arrangement can be customized according to construction requirements.

[0059] According to the construction requirements, the drilling position is determined, and the drill bit mounting member 3 with a suitable arrangement of the drill bit connection part 301 is selected. The worker selects a suitable drill bit 5 according to the construction requirements, matches the drill bit 5 with the corresponding structure of the drill bit connection part 301, and mounts the drill bit 5 on the drill bit mounting member 3 by means of a slot, a buckle, etc. After the drill bit 5 is installed, the drilling operation is performed.

[0060] In this embodiment, the drill bit mounting member 3 can adapt to various construction requirements by combining the two arrangement modes of rectangular array and circular array, or by customizing the arrangement mode according to construction requirements.

[0061] like Figure 6 As shown, a mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction method for a dark-digging tunnel described in one embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the above-mentioned mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for a dark-digging tunnel, and comprises the following steps:

[0062] S1. Pre-processing: clean the work area, level the site, measure and lay out, and determine the drilling location and direction;

[0063] S2, drilling operation: select the drill bit 5 according to the actual engineering conditions, install the drill bit 5 on the drill bit mounting member 3, adjust the position of the drill bit 5 by the mechanical arm 2, and perform drilling;

[0064] S3. Clean the drill hole: After drilling, flush the hole with compressed air or water to remove drilling cuttings, dust and other impurities to ensure good adhesion of the hole wall;

[0065] S4. Install the pipe rack: insert the prefabricated pipe rack into the drilled hole, seal the gap between the pipe mouth and the hole wall, and inject cement slurry into the pipe rack.

[0066] In S2, when the stratum is easy to drill, the hole can be drilled in one step. When the stratum is not easy to drill, the drilling can be carried out in steps, using step-type drilling, that is, first drilling with a smaller diameter drill bit 5, and then expanding with a larger diameter drill bit 5, and so on, to form a hole.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark tunneling, characterized in that: It comprises a support seat, a mechanical arm is arranged on the support seat, a drill bit mounting piece is arranged at the movable end of the mechanical arm, a plurality of drill bit connecting parts for mounting drill bits are arranged on the drill bit mounting piece, the drill bit connecting parts are detachably connected to the drill bits, and are used to form a preset drill bit layout on the drill bit mounting piece to adapt to different palm faces.

2. According to the mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark excavation tunnels as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: The support seat is provided with a walking mechanism, and the walking mechanism is used for driving the support seat to move.

3. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark tunneling according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The walking mechanism is a crawler-type mechanism.

4. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mechanical arm is movably connected to the drill bit mounting piece.

5. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark excavation tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hinge and a telescopic drive are provided between the mechanical arm and the drill mounting piece. The hinge is used to connect the mechanical arm and the drill mounting piece, and the telescopic drive is used to change the relative position of the mechanical arm and the drill mounting piece.

6. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill bit connecting parts are arranged in a rectangular array on the drill bit mounting member.

7. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark tunneling according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drill bit connecting parts are arranged in a circumferential array on the drill bit mounting member.

8. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark-digging tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the drill bit mounting piece is the same as the shape of the tunnel clearance section, and the size of the cross section of the drill bit mounting piece is smaller than the size of the tunnel clearance section.

9. The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for dark-digging tunnels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the drill bit mounting piece is fan-shaped, semicircular or rectangular.

10. A mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction method for a dark tunnel, characterized in that: The mechanized advanced middle pipe shed construction equipment for a dark excavation tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Pre-processing: clean the work area, level the site, measure and lay out, and determine the drilling location and direction; S2. Drilling operation: select a drill bit according to actual engineering conditions, install the drill bit on the drill bit mounting part, adjust the drill bit position through the mechanical arm, and drill; S3. Clean the drill hole: After drilling, flush the hole with compressed air or water to remove drilling cuttings, dust and other impurities to ensure good adhesion of the hole wall; S4. Install the pipe rack: insert the prefabricated pipe rack into the drilled hole, seal the gap between the pipe mouth and the hole wall, and inject cement slurry into the pipe rack.

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