A casting impact test system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of preparation and testing technology, and specifically to a casting impact test system and method, comprising a central base, wherein the central base is an internal hollow structure, a side surface of the central base is fixedly connected to a side base, the top surface of the side base is fixedly connected to a connecting bracket, one end of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected to a rectangular box, the top surface of the rectangular box is fixedly connected to a central top cover, the outer surface of the rectangular box is provided with a lifting mechanism, the inner surface of the rectangular box is provided with a ball holding mechanism, the outer surface of the central base is provided with a gathering mechanism, and the top surface of the central base is provided with a protective mechanism. The lifting and lowering of the test sphere and the recovery after release are realized through the setting of the lifting mechanism and the ball holding mechanism, and the gathering mechanism gathers the test sphere toward the center to prevent the test sphere from rolling to the surroundings and being difficult to collect during the test, and the protective mechanism is used to prevent debris generated by the casting from splashing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of preparation and testing, and in particular to a casting impact test system and method. Background Art

[0002] The casting impact test is an important experimental method to evaluate the ability of castings to resist fracture when subjected to impact loads. By simulating the impact conditions that may be encountered in the actual use environment, the test can intuitively demonstrate the toughness and impact resistance of the casting. The test will hit the sample against a fixed pendulum at a certain speed, and measure the energy absorbed and the fracture situation. The results help to determine whether the casting quality meets the standards. It is of great significance to optimize product design, improve production efficiency and ensure safety in use. Therefore, in the foundry industry, impact testing is widely adopted as a key link in quality control.

[0003] Current casting impact tests are usually carried out using impact testing.

[0004] The existing patent (publication number: CN213148538U) discloses a sample positioning device for an impact tester for casting inspection, including a bottom plate, a slide groove is provided in the middle of the bottom plate, two adjustment seats are installed in the slide groove, and the two adjustment seats are symmetrically distributed, a casting to be inspected is placed between the tops of the two adjustment seats, a positioning assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom between the two adjustment seats and located at the top of the bottom plate, the adjustment seat includes a baffle and a partition, an electric motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the baffle, the output end of the electric motor passes through the baffle and extends to the inside of the slide groove and a slider is movably connected between the baffle and the partition through a screw rod. The above-mentioned equipment is mainly aimed at the replacement and disassembly of the impact of castings. In the impact test of castings, it is necessary to raise the test tool or use its own weight to generate an instantaneous load for testing. The raising or weighting of the test tool is not convenient for resetting the test tool. In the process of testing, if the casting does not meet the standard, it may cause the casting to break or the fragments to splash, which has certain safety hazards.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a casting impact test system and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a casting impact test system and method to solve the problems of the casting impact test system and method proposed in the above background technology. To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: comprising a central base, the central base is an internal hollow structure, a side base is fixedly connected to a side surface of the central base, a connecting bracket is fixedly connected to the top surface of the side base, one end of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected to a rectangular box, and the top surface of the rectangular box is fixedly connected to a central top cover;

[0007] Preferably, the outer surface of the rectangular box is provided with a lifting mechanism, the inner surface of the rectangular box is provided with a ball holding mechanism, the outer surface of the central base is provided with a gathering mechanism, and the top surface of the central base is provided with a protection mechanism;

[0008] Preferably, the top surface of the central base begins to have vertically distributed clamp sliding grooves, the inner surface of the rectangular box is provided with a lifting reserved groove for the lifting mechanism and the ball supporting mechanism to pass through, the number of the connecting brackets is two and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the central base and the rectangular box.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a top bracket, the outer surface of the top bracket is rotatably connected to the rectangular box, the outer surface of the rectangular box is fixedly connected to a relay bracket, the outer surface of the rectangular box is fixedly connected to a bottom bracket, both ends of the top bracket are fixedly connected to a top gear, both ends of the relay bracket are rotatably connected to the relay gear, both ends of the bottom bracket are rotatably connected to the bottom gear, the outer surface of the top gear is meshed with a transmission chain, the outer surface of the relay gear is meshed with a lifting chain, the lifting chain is fixedly connected to a connecting beam on a side close to the rectangular box, the end of the connecting beam away from the lifting chain is rotatably connected to a lifting plate, the other side surface of the lifting plate is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve, and the outer surface of the bottom bracket is fixedly connected to an electric motor.

[0010] Preferably, the two ends of the transmission chain are respectively meshed with the top gear and the relay gear, the two ends of the lifting chain are respectively meshed with the relay gear and the bottom gear, the rotating sleeve is slidingly connected to the inner surface of the lifting reserved groove, and the output end of the electric motor is fixedly connected to the bottom gear at one end.

[0011] Preferably, the ball-supporting mechanism includes a mounting shell, the mounting shell is rotatably connected to a lifting plate on one side, the inner surface of the mounting shell is fixedly connected to a cylinder, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to an active vertical rod, the bottom surface of the active vertical rod is fixedly connected to a ball-supporting connecting rod, the lifting plate on the other side of the lifting mechanism is slidably connected to the ball-supporting connecting rod through a rotating sleeve, and the outer surface is fixedly connected to a passive vertical rod, one end of the ball-supporting connecting rod is fixedly connected to the ball-supporting shell, the top surface of the mounting shell is fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve, and the outer surface of the fixed sleeve is provided with a rack passing groove, the inner surfaces of the active vertical rod and the passive vertical rod are both fixedly connected with a direct-acting rack, and the direct-acting rack is slidably connected to the rack through the groove, the inner surface of the fixed sleeve is rotatably connected with a small gear, the outer surface of the active vertical rod is fixedly connected to a transverse moving frame, and the bottom surface of the transverse moving frame is provided with a toggle tooth.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the ball-supporting connecting rods is two and they respectively penetrate the inner surface of the mounting shell and the rotating sleeve and are slidingly connected to their inner walls. The number of the ball-supporting housings is two and they are symmetrically distributed, and the direct-acting racks are all meshed with small gears.

[0013] Preferably, the gathering mechanism includes a T-shaped support plate, the bottom surface of the T-shaped support plate is fixedly connected to the central base, the outer surface of the central base is rotatably connected to a meshing gear set, and each meshing gear set is composed of a pair of meshing special-shaped gears, the top surface of each special-shaped gear in the meshing gear set is fixedly connected to a swing rod, the inner surface of the swing rod is slidably connected to a push rod, and both ends of the push rod are fixedly connected to a limiting ring and slidably connected to the inner surface of the T-shaped support plate, and each special-shaped gear in the meshing gear set is respectively fixed A connecting shaft and an installation shaft are connected, the outer surface of the installation shaft is fixedly connected with a two-part bevel gear set, and the two-part bevel gear set is composed of a pair of vertically meshing bevel gears, the other end of the two-part bevel gear set is fixedly connected with a reversing shaft, one end of the reversing shaft is fixedly connected with a synchronous gear, the outer surface of the synchronous gear is meshed with a synchronous chain, the outer surface of the synchronous chain is fixedly connected with a driven rod, the outer surface of the center base is fixedly connected with a spring mounting cylinder, and the inner surface of the spring mounting cylinder is fixedly connected with a transverse return spring.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the T-shaped support plates is two and they are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the center base, the reversing shafts are rotatably connected to the center base, the driven rods penetrate the inner surface of the spring mounting cylinder and are fixedly connected to the transverse return spring, the number of the synchronous gears is two and they are symmetrically distributed, the synchronous gears are meshed with the synchronous chains, and the synchronous chains are meshed with the driving teeth.

[0015] Preferably, the protection mechanism includes a screw rod, the outer surface of the screw rod is rotatably connected to the sliding groove of the fixture, one end of the screw rod is fixedly connected to a four-bevel gear set, and the four-bevel gear set is composed of four mutually meshing bevel gears, the outer surface of the screw rod is threadedly connected to a threaded connection seat, the top surface of the threaded connection seat is fixedly connected to a movable housing, the inner surface of the movable housing is rotatably connected to an L-shaped plate, the inner surface of the movable housing is slidably connected to a pressure plate, the bottom surface of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to a support reset plate, and the bottom surface of the support reset plate is fixedly connected to equidistantly distributed A limit column, the outer surface of the limit column is sleeved with a longitudinal return spring, the inner surface of the movable shell is fixedly connected to a support fixing plate, the rotating shaft of the L-shaped plate passes through the outer surface of the movable shell and is fixedly connected to a rotating block on the surface, the outer surface of the rotating block is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is slidably connected to a cylindrical block, the other side surface of the cylindrical block is fixedly connected to a protective cover, the inner surface of the protective cover is fixedly connected to a torque spring, and the other end of the torque spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable shell, and the outer surface of the movable shell is fixedly connected to a limit block.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the screw rods is four, and the screw rods are vertically distributed through a four-bevel gear set, and a handle is installed at one end of the screw rod close to the side base, the limit column penetrates the inner surface of the support fixing plate and is slidably connected to its inner wall, the number of the support reset plates is two, and the support reset plate on the other side is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate, the other end of the connecting rod is hook-shaped, the protective cover is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the movable shell, and the connecting rod is slidably connected to the limit block.

[0017] A method for using a casting impact test system and method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Place the casting to be inspected in the mobile housing on the central base. Through the meshing action of the rotating screw and the four-bevel gear set, the rotation is distributed to all four screws, and the screws on the opposite sides turn in opposite directions. The screw drives the four mobile housings to move inward or outward at the same time through the threaded connection seat, thereby clamping the four directions of the internal casting;

[0019] S2. In the initial state, the ball-holding mechanism is at the top, and the cylinder arm extends to merge the ball-holding shell, which contains a test ball. At this time, the cylinder arm is started and retracted, and the cylinder arm drives the active vertical rod to retract, and at the same time drives the direct-acting rack in the active vertical rod to move. The direct-acting rack meshes with the small gear inside the fixed sleeve, converts the direct motion into the rotation of the small gear, drives the direct-acting rack on the other side to move in the opposite direction, and drives the passive vertical rod on the other side to move in the opposite direction. Through the displacement of the active vertical rod and the passive vertical rod, the ball-holding connecting rod connected to the bottom is displaced, and the ball-holding shell is opened to remove the test ball inside, and is released to allow it to fall freely to the surface of the test casting at the bottom;

[0020] S3. When the test ball falls onto the surface of the casting, the pressure plate on the top of the movable shell will be pressed down at the same time, and the pressure plate will be used to press down one end of the bottom of the L-shaped plate, so that the L-shaped plate rotates around the connection, and the other end of the top of the L-shaped plate is turned outward to clamp the casting. At the same time, the L-shaped plate shaft drives the rotating blocks at both ends to rotate during the rotation process, and the connecting rods on the rotating blocks can rotate. The connecting rods are hooked with the cylindrical blocks on the top protective cover to form a crank rocker structure. When the rotating block rotates downward rapidly, the connecting rod pulls the cylindrical block downward, so that the protective cover is quickly flipped up to prevent the test ball from falling into the surface of the casting and splashing out of the field. The rotating block has a larger rotation radius than the protective cover, which plays an amplifying role. The connecting rod is tilted and placed on the limit block. The flipped protective cover is reset by the action of the torque spring and the cylindrical block contacts the connecting rod again to toggle and reset it.

[0021] S4. After the test is completed, start the electric motor to drive the bottom gear to rotate. The bottom gear forms a chain drive with the relay gear through the lifting chain. The relay gear and the top gear form a chain drive through the transmission chain. The transmission chain transmits the rotation to the other side through the top bracket. During the rotation of the lifting chains on both sides, the connecting beams connected to their surfaces are driven to move along the chain path. When the connecting beams rotate on the lifting plate, they will not affect the position of the rotating sleeve or the mounting shell, so that the rotating sleeve and the mounting shell move in the vertical direction along the lifting reserved groove and keep them aligned, thereby driving the movement of the ball holding mechanism in the vertical direction. When the ball holding mechanism moves to the bottom and is close to the surface of the casting, and at this time the toggle teeth are engaged with the synchronous chain, the starting cylinder drives the ball holding shell to merge, and the toggle teeth toggle the synchronous chain so that the internal The synchronous gears rotate simultaneously and in the same direction. The synchronous gear on one side drives the installation shaft to rotate through the two-part bevel gear set, and drives the meshing gear set connected to it to rotate. The meshing gear sets in the same group mesh and rotate and turn in opposite directions, driving a pair of swing rods on the same side to swing inward or outward at the same time, and push and pull the push rods connected to them to move laterally, so that the push rods on both sides gather inward when the cylinder retracts the ball holding shell, thereby driving the test ball to move inward, making it easier for the ball holding shell to lift the test ball and retract the test ball to the top again through the lifting mechanism. During the transmission process, the synchronous chain drives the driven rod on its surface to move, and the driven rod compresses the transverse return spring in the spring installation cylinder. When the ball holding mechanism rises again, the toggle tooth no longer meshes with the synchronous chain, and the transverse return spring pushes the driven rod so that the synchronous chain drives the gathering mechanism to reset.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In the present invention, the lifting and lowering of the test sphere and its recovery after release are achieved through the setting of a lifting mechanism and a ball-holding mechanism. The lifting mechanism uses a chain drive with a larger moving path, and the height of the test sphere is controlled by the rotation of the start-stop motor. The lifting plate is set to enable the ball-holding mechanism to move in the vertical direction along the lifting reserved groove to maintain centering. The ball-holding mechanism uses a cylinder to drive the gear rack to achieve simultaneous displacement on both sides to clamp the test sphere, ensuring that the displacement on both sides is synchronized, thereby achieving the effect of automatically resetting the test sphere.

[0024] In the present invention, through the setting of the gathering mechanism, it is linked with the ball holding mechanism. During the process of retracting the test ball, the gathering mechanism is driven to gather toward the center by the toggle teeth to prevent the test ball from rolling around and being difficult to collect during the test. After the gathering is completed, it automatically resets to prevent affecting the subsequent tests.

[0025] In the present invention, by setting up a protective mechanism, the impact force generated when the test ball falls on the casting is used to further clamp the test casting to prevent the casting from falling off due to excessive impact during the test. At the same time, the impact force is used to flip up the protective cover on the clamp to prevent debris generated by the casting from splashing during the test, thereby improving the protection effect. The cover is retracted after the test is completed to prevent it from affecting the subsequent tests. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rectangular box and the lifting reserved groove of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central base and the fixture sliding groove of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lifting mechanism and the ball-carrying mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connecting beam, the lifting plate and the rotating sleeve of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rectangular box and the rotating sleeve of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rotating sleeve and the ball-carrying connecting rod of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the overall structure of the ball-carrying mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the active vertical rod, the passive vertical rod and the direct-acting rack of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central base and the gathering mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 It is a right side schematic diagram of the T-shaped support plate and the swing rod of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the meshing gear set and the mounting shaft and connecting shaft of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the synchronous gear and the synchronous chain of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.14It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the driven rod and the threaded connection seat of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.15 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the shifting teeth and the synchronous chain of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the clamp sliding groove and the protection mechanism of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the threaded connection seat and the movable housing of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.18 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the mobile housing of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.19 It is a front view schematic diagram of the rotating block, the connecting rod, the cylindrical block and the protective cover of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the movable housing, the protective cover and the torque spring of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. center base; 11. fixture sliding groove; 2. side base; 3. connecting bracket; 4. rectangular box; 41. lifting reserved groove; 5. center top cover; 6. lifting mechanism; 61. top bracket; 62. relay bracket; 63. bottom bracket; 64. top gear; 65. relay gear; 66. bottom gear; 67. transmission chain; 68. lifting chain; 69. connecting beam; 610. lifting plate; 611. rotating sleeve; 612. electric motor; 7. ball holding mechanism; 71. mounting shell; 72. cylinder; 73. active vertical rod; 731. passive vertical rod; 74. ball holding connecting rod; 75. ball holding shell; 76. fixed sleeve; 761. rack through groove; 77. direct-acting rack; 78. small gear; 79. horizontal moving frame; 710. toggle gear; 8 , gathering mechanism; 81, T-type support plate; 82, meshing gear set; 83, swing rod; 84, push rod; 841, limit ring; 85, installation shaft; 851, connecting shaft; 86, two-part bevel gear set; 87, reversing shaft; 88, synchronous gear; 89, synchronous chain; 810, driven rod; 811, spring installation cylinder; 812, lateral return spring; 9, protection mechanism; 91, screw rod; 92, four-part bevel gear set; 93, threaded connection seat; 94, movable housing; 95, L-type plate; 96, pressure plate; 97, support reset plate; 98, limit column; 99, longitudinal return spring; 910, support fixed plate; 911, rotating block; 912, connecting rod; 913, cylindrical block; 914, protection cover; 915, torque spring; 916, limit block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] See also Figures 1 to 20 The present invention provides a technical solution: a casting impact test system and method, comprising a central base 1, the central base 1 is an internal hollow structure, a side surface of the central base 1 is fixedly connected to a side base 2, a top surface of the side base 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting bracket 3, one end of the connecting bracket 3 is fixedly connected to a rectangular box 4, and a top surface of the rectangular box 4 is fixedly connected to a central top cover 5;

[0049] The outer surface of the rectangular box 4 is provided with a lifting mechanism 6, the inner surface of the rectangular box 4 is provided with a ball holding mechanism 7, the outer surface of the central base 1 is provided with a gathering mechanism 8, and the top surface of the central base 1 is provided with a protection mechanism 9. The lifting mechanism 6 and the ball holding mechanism 7 realize the lifting and recovery of the test ball, the gathering mechanism 8 assists the recovery work of the ball holding mechanism 7, and the protection mechanism 9 provides clamping and protection work during the test process;

[0050] The lifting mechanism 6 includes a top bracket 61, the outer surface of the top bracket 61 is rotatably connected to the rectangular box 4, the outer surface of the rectangular box 4 is fixedly connected to a relay bracket 62, the outer surface of the rectangular box 4 is fixedly connected to a bottom bracket 63, both ends of the top bracket 61 are fixedly connected to a top gear 64, both ends of the relay bracket 62 are rotatably connected to relay gears 65, both ends of the bottom bracket 63 are rotatably connected to bottom gears 66, the outer surface of the top gear 64 is meshed with a transmission chain 67, the outer surface of the relay gear 65 is meshed with a lifting chain 68, the lifting chain 68 is fixedly connected to a connecting beam 69 on one side close to the rectangular box 4, the end of the connecting beam 69 away from the lifting chain 68 is rotatably connected to a lifting plate 610, the other side of the lifting plate 610 is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve 611, the outer surface of the bottom bracket 63 is fixedly connected to an electric motor 612, gears of different heights are installed through different brackets, and are connected through chains to make them rotate synchronously, and the chain is used to achieve movement in the vertical direction;

[0051] The ball-holding mechanism 7 includes a mounting shell 71, which is rotatably connected to a lifting plate 610 on one side, a cylinder 72 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting shell 71, an active vertical rod 73 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 72, a ball-holding connecting rod 74 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the active vertical rod 73, a lifting plate 610 on the other side of the lifting mechanism 6 is slidably connected to the ball-holding connecting rod 74 through a rotating sleeve 611, and a passive vertical rod 731 is fixedly connected to the outer surface, one end of the ball-holding connecting rod 74 is fixedly connected to a ball-holding shell 75, a fixed sleeve 76 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the mounting shell 71, and the outer surface of the fixed sleeve 76 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fixed sleeve 76. A rack through groove 761 is provided on the surface, and the inner surfaces of the active vertical rod 73 and the passive vertical rod 731 are fixedly connected with a direct-acting rack 77, and the direct-acting rack 77 is slidably connected with the rack through groove 761. A small gear 78 is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the fixed sleeve 76, and a transverse moving frame 79 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the active vertical rod 73. The bottom surface of the transverse moving frame 79 is provided with a toggle tooth 710. The ball-holding mechanism 7 realizes a simultaneous movement of the ball-holding shell 75 on both sides inward or outward through the action of the cylinder 72 and the gear rack, thereby realizing the collection and release of the test ball, and is used in conjunction with the gathering mechanism 8 at the bottom;

[0052] The gathering mechanism 8 includes a T-shaped support plate 81, the bottom surface of the T-shaped support plate 81 is fixedly connected to the central base 1, the outer surface of the central base 1 is rotatably connected to a meshing gear set 82, and each meshing gear set 82 is composed of a pair of meshing special-shaped gears, the top surface of each special-shaped gear in the meshing gear set 82 is fixedly connected to a swing rod 83, the inner surface of the swing rod 83 is slidably connected to a push rod 84, and both ends of the push rod 84 are fixedly connected to a limiting ring 841 and slidably connected to the inner surface of the T-shaped support plate 81, each special-shaped gear in the meshing gear set 82 is respectively fixedly connected to a mounting shaft 85 and a connecting shaft 851, the outer surface of the mounting shaft 85 is fixedly connected to a two-bevel gear set 86, and the two-bevel gear set 86 is composed of a The vertically meshing bevel gears are composed of a two-bevel gear set 86, the other end of which is fixedly connected to a reversing shaft 87, one end of which is fixedly connected to a synchronous gear 88, the outer surface of which is meshed with a synchronous chain 89, the outer surface of which is fixedly connected to a driven rod 810, the outer surface of the central base 1 is fixedly connected to a spring mounting cylinder 811, the inner surface of which is fixedly connected to a transverse return spring 812, the gathering mechanism 8 is driven by the ball-carrying mechanism 7, the synchronous chain 89 is used to drive the synchronous gear 88 to rotate, and the two-bevel gear set 86 is used to change the transmission direction of the rotation, thereby driving the reverse rotation of the meshing gear sets 82 on both sides to drive the push rod 84 to move away from or close to the test ball at the same time to gather;

[0053] The protection mechanism 9 includes a screw rod 91, the outer surface of the screw rod 91 is rotatably connected to the fixture sliding groove 11, one end of the screw rod 91 is fixedly connected to a four-bevel gear set 92, and the four-bevel gear set 92 is composed of four mutually meshing bevel gears, the outer surface of the screw rod 91 is threadedly connected to a threaded connection seat 93, the top surface of the threaded connection seat 93 is fixedly connected to a movable housing 94, the inner surface of the movable housing 94 is rotatably connected to an L-shaped plate 95, the inner surface of the movable housing 94 is slidably connected to a pressure plate 96, the bottom surface of the pressure plate 96 is fixedly connected to a support reset plate 97, the bottom surface of the support reset plate 97 is fixedly connected to limit columns 98 distributed at equal intervals, the outer surface of the limit column 98 is sleeved with a longitudinal reset spring 99, the inner surface of the movable housing 94 is fixedly connected to the support fixing plate 91 0, the rotating shaft of the L-shaped plate 95 passes through the outer surface of the movable housing 94 and is fixedly connected to a rotating block 911 on the surface, the outer surface of the rotating block 911 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 912, the other end of the connecting rod 912 is slidably connected to a cylindrical block 913, the other side surface of the cylindrical block 913 is fixedly connected to a protective cover 914, the inner surface of the protective cover 914 is fixedly connected to a torque spring 915, and the other end of the torque spring 915 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable housing 94, the outer surface of the movable housing 94 is fixedly connected to a limited clamping block 916, the protective mechanism 9 uses the impact generated during the test to trigger the pressure plate 96, thereby driving the subsequent L-shaped plate 95 to further clamp the casting, and at the same time, the rotation of the L-shaped plate 95 will trigger the external crank rocker structure to realize the flipping of the protective cover 914;

[0054] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the top surface of the center base 1 begins to have vertically distributed clamp sliding grooves 11, the inner surface of the rectangular box 4 is provided with a lifting reserved groove 41 for the lifting mechanism 6 and the ball holding mechanism 7 to pass through, the number of the connecting brackets 3 is two and the two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the center base 1 and the rectangular box 4, the clamp sliding groove 11 is used to limit the moving path of the four moving shells 94 of the protection mechanism 9 and to install the threaded connection seat 93 and the screw rod 91 at the bottom, the lifting reserved groove 41 is adapted to the moving path of the lifting mechanism 6 and the ball holding mechanism 7, including the vertical movement of the rotating sleeve 611 and the installation shell 71, the opening and closing of the ball holding shell 75, and the vertical and horizontal movement of the horizontal moving frame 79, and the dispersed rectangular boxes 4 are all fixed to the bottom of the center top cover 5 at the top;

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 1As shown, a side surface of the central base 1 is fixedly connected to a side base 2, a top surface of the side base 2 is fixedly connected to a connecting bracket 3, one end of the connecting bracket 3 is fixedly connected to a rectangular box 4, a top surface of the rectangular box 4 is fixedly connected to a central top cover 5, and grooves are provided inside for installing various mechanisms.

[0056] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the output end of the electric motor 612 is fixedly connected to the bottom gear 66 at one end.

[0057] In this embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, gears of different heights are installed by different brackets, the two ends of the transmission chain 67 are respectively meshed with the top gear 64 and the relay gear 65, the two ends of the lifting chain 68 are respectively meshed with the relay gear 65 and the bottom gear 66, and are connected by the chain to make them rotate synchronously, and the vertical movement is achieved by the chain.

[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the two sides of the lifting plate 610 are rotatably connected to the connecting beam 69 and the rotating sleeve 611 or the installation shell 71 respectively, and the connecting beam 69 will not affect the position of the rotating sleeve 611 or the installation shell 71 when rotating on the lifting plate 610.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the rotating sleeve 611 is slidably connected to the inner surface of the lifting reserved groove 41.

[0060] In this embodiment, Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, there are two ball-supporting connecting rods 74 which respectively penetrate the inner surface of the mounting housing 71 and the rotating sleeve 611 and are slidably connected to the inner wall thereof. There are two ball-supporting housings 75 which are symmetrically distributed.

[0061] In this embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, the direct-acting racks 77 are all meshed with the small gears 78.

[0062] In this embodiment, Fig. 9 As shown, the rack through groove 761 is respectively opened at the top and the bottom of the fixed sleeve 76 and passes through the fixed sleeve 76 , and the radial dimension of the rack through groove 761 is half of the radial dimension of the fixed sleeve 76 .

[0063] In this embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, there are two T-shaped support plates 81 and they are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the central base 1 .

[0064] In this embodiment, Fig.11As shown, the T-shaped support plate 81 is provided with symmetrically distributed sliding grooves, which limit the maximum displacement distance of the push rod 84 .

[0065] In this embodiment, Fig.12 , Fig.13 As shown, there are two synchronous gears 88 which are symmetrically distributed, and both synchronous gears 88 are meshed with a synchronous chain 89 .

[0066] In this embodiment, Fig.14 As shown, the driven rod 810 penetrates to the inner surface of the spring mounting cylinder 811 and is fixedly connected to the transverse return spring 812 .

[0067] In this embodiment, Fig.15 As shown, the timing chain 89 is meshed with the shifting teeth 710 .

[0068] In this embodiment, Fig.16 As shown, the number of the screw rods 91 is four, and the screw rods 91 are vertically distributed through the four-divided bevel gear set 92 .

[0069] In this embodiment, Fig.17 As shown, the outer surface of the screw rod 91 is threadedly connected with a threaded connection seat 93, and the screw rod 91 converts rotation into linear movement through threaded transmission with the threaded connection seat 93.

[0070] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, a handle is installed at one end of the screw rod 91 close to the side base 2.

[0071] In this embodiment, Fig.18 As shown, there are two supporting and resetting plates 97 , and the supporting and resetting plate 97 on the other side is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate 95 .

[0072] In this embodiment, Fig.19 As shown, the other end of the connecting rod 912 is hook-shaped, the protective cover 914 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the movable housing 94 , and the connecting rod 912 is slidably connected to the limiting block 916 .

[0073] In this embodiment, Fig. 20 As shown, a torque spring 915 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the protection cover 914 , and the other end of the torque spring 915 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the moving housing 94 .

[0074] A method for using a casting impact test system and method comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. Place the casting to be inspected in the movable housing 94 on the central base 1. Through the meshing action of the rotating screw 91 and the four-bevel gear set 92, the rotation is distributed to all four screws 91, and the screws 91 on the opposite sides turn in opposite directions. The screws 91 drive the four movable housings 94 to move inward or outward at the same time through the threaded connection seat 93, thereby clamping the four directions of the internal casting;

[0076] S2. In the initial state, the ball-carrying mechanism 7 is at the top, and the cylinder 72 arm extends to merge the ball-carrying shell 75, which contains a test ball. At this time, the cylinder 72 arm is started and retracted, and the cylinder 72 arm drives the active vertical rod 73 to retract, and at the same time drives the direct-acting rack 77 in the active vertical rod 73 to move. The direct-acting rack 77 meshes with the small gear 78 inside the fixed sleeve 76, converting the direct motion into the rotation of the small gear 78, driving the direct-acting rack 77 on the other side to move in the opposite direction, and driving the passive vertical rod 731 on the other side to move in the opposite direction. Through the displacement of the active vertical rod 73 and the passive vertical rod 731, the ball-carrying connecting rod 74 connected to the bottom thereof is driven to move, and the ball-carrying shell 75 is opened to remove the test ball inside, and is released to allow it to freely fall to the surface of the test casting at the bottom;

[0077] S3. When the test ball falls onto the surface of the casting, the pressure plate 96 on the top of the movable housing 94 is pressed down at the same time, and the pressure plate 96 is used to press down one end of the bottom of the L-shaped plate 95, so that the L-shaped plate 95 rotates around the connection, and the other end of the top of the L-shaped plate 95 is turned outward to clamp the casting. At the same time, the rotation axis of the L-shaped plate 95 drives the rotating blocks 911 at both ends to rotate during the rotation process, and the connecting rods 912 on the rotating blocks 911 can rotate, and the connecting rods 912 are hooked with the cylindrical blocks 913 on the top protective cover 914 to form Crank rocker structure, when the rotating block 911 rotates rapidly downward, the connecting rod 912 pulls the cylindrical block 913 downward, so that the protective cover 914 is quickly flipped up to prevent the test ball from falling into the casting surface and generating debris splashing out of the field. The rotating block 911 has a larger rotation radius than the protective cover 914, which plays an amplifying role. The connecting rod 912 tilts and rests on the limit block 916. The flipped protective cover 914 is reset by the action of the torque spring 915 and the cylindrical block 913 contacts the connecting rod 912 again to flip it and reset it;

[0078] S4. After the test is completed, the electric motor 612 is started to drive the bottom gear 66 to rotate. The bottom gear 66 forms a chain transmission with the relay gear 65 through the lifting chain 68. The relay gear 65 and the top gear 64 form a chain transmission through the transmission chain 67. The transmission chain 67 transmits the rotation to the other side through the top bracket 61. During the rotation of the lifting chains 68 on both sides, the connecting beam 69 connected to its surface is driven to move along the chain path. When the connecting beam 69 rotates on the lifting plate 610, it will not affect the position of the rotating sleeve 611 or the installation shell 71, so that the rotating sleeve 611 and the installation shell 71 move in the vertical direction along the lifting reserved groove 41 and keep them aligned, thereby driving the ball holding mechanism 7 to move in the vertical direction. When the ball holding mechanism 7 moves to the bottom and is close to the surface position of the casting, and at this time, the toggle tooth 710 is engaged with the synchronous chain 89, the starting cylinder 72 drives the ball holding shell 75 to merge, and the toggle tooth 710 toggle the synchronous chain 89 so that the inner The synchronous gears 88 of the parts rotate simultaneously and in the same direction. The synchronous gear 88 on one side drives the installation shaft 85 to rotate through the two-bevel gear set 86, and drives the meshing gear set 82 connected to it to rotate. The meshing gear set 82 of the same group meshes and rotates and turns in the opposite direction, driving a pair of swing rods 83 on the same side to swing inward or outward at the same time, and pushes and pulls the push rod 84 connected to it to move laterally, so that when the cylinder 72 retracts the ball holding shell 75, the push rods 84 on both sides gather inward, thereby driving the test ball to move inward, so that the ball holding shell 75 can lift the test ball and retract the test ball to the top again through the lifting mechanism 6. The synchronous chain 89 drives the driven rod 810 on its surface to move during the transmission process. The driven rod 810 compresses the transverse return spring 812 in the spring mounting tube 811. When the ball holding mechanism 7 rises again, the toggle tooth 710 is no longer meshed with the synchronous chain 89, and the transverse return spring 812 pushes the driven rod 810 so that the synchronous chain 89 drives the gathering mechanism 8 to reset.

[0079] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Technical personnel in this industry should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only preferred examples of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A casting impact test system, comprising a central base (1), characterized in that: The central base (1) is an internal hollow structure; a side surface of the central base (1) is fixedly connected to a side base (2); a top surface of the side base (2) is fixedly connected to a connecting bracket (3); one end of the connecting bracket (3) is fixedly connected to a rectangular box (4); and a top surface of the rectangular box (4) is fixedly connected to a central top cover (5); The outer surface of the rectangular box (4) is provided with a lifting mechanism (6), the inner surface of the rectangular box (4) is provided with a ball holding mechanism (7), the outer surface of the central base (1) is provided with a gathering mechanism (8), and the top surface of the central base (1) is provided with a protection mechanism (9); The lifting mechanism (6) comprises a top bracket (61), the outer surface of the top bracket (61) is rotatably connected to the rectangular box (4), the outer surface of the rectangular box (4) is fixedly connected to a relay bracket (62), the outer surface of the rectangular box (4) is fixedly connected to a bottom bracket (63), both ends of the top bracket (61) are fixedly connected to top gears (64), both ends of the relay bracket (62) are rotatably connected to relay gears (65), and both ends of the bottom bracket (63) are rotatably connected to bottom gears (66). The outer surface of the top gear (64) is meshed with a transmission chain (67), the outer surface of the relay gear (65) is meshed with a lifting chain (68), the lifting chain (68) is fixedly connected to a connecting beam (69) on one side close to the rectangular box (4), the connecting beam (69) is rotatably connected to a lifting plate (610) on one end away from the lifting chain (68), the other side of the lifting plate (610) is rotatably connected to a rotating sleeve (611), and the outer surface of the bottom bracket (63) is fixedly connected to an electric motor (612).

2. A casting impact test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the central base (1) is provided with vertically distributed clamp sliding grooves (11), the inner surface of the rectangular box (4) is provided with a lifting reserved groove (41) for the lifting mechanism (6) and the ball supporting mechanism (7) to pass through, and the number of the connecting brackets (3) is two, and the two ends are fixedly connected to the central base (1) and the rectangular box (4) respectively.

3. A casting impact test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the transmission chain (67) are respectively meshed with the top gear (64) and the relay gear (65); the two ends of the lifting chain (68) are respectively meshed with the relay gear (65) and the bottom gear (66); the rotating sleeve (611) is slidably connected to the inner surface of the lifting reserved groove (41); and the output end of the electric motor (612) is fixedly connected to the bottom gear (66) at one end.

4. A casting impact test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball-carrying mechanism (7) comprises a mounting shell (71), the mounting shell (71) being rotatably connected to a lifting plate (610) on one side, a cylinder (72) being fixedly connected to the inner surface of the mounting shell (71), an active vertical rod (73) being fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (72), a ball-carrying connecting rod (74) being fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the active vertical rod (73), a lifting plate (610) on the other side of the lifting mechanism (6) being slidably connected to the ball-carrying connecting rod (74) via a rotating sleeve (611), and a passive vertical rod (731) being fixedly connected to the outer surface, and one end of the ball-carrying connecting rod (74) being fixedly connected to the A ball-carrying shell (75), the top surface of the mounting shell (71) is fixedly connected to a fixed sleeve (76), and the outer surface of the fixed sleeve (76) is provided with a rack through groove (761), the inner surfaces of the active vertical rod (73) and the passive vertical rod (731) are both fixedly connected to a direct-acting rack (77), and the direct-acting rack (77) is slidably connected to the rack through groove (761), the inner surface of the fixed sleeve (76) is rotatably connected to a small gear (78), the outer surface of the active vertical rod (73) is fixedly connected to a transverse moving frame (79), and the bottom surface of the transverse moving frame (79) is provided with a toggle tooth (710).

5. A casting impact test system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the ball-supporting connecting rods (74) is two and they respectively penetrate the inner surface of the mounting housing (71) and the rotating sleeve (611) and are slidably connected to the inner wall thereof. The number of the ball-supporting housings (75) is two and they are symmetrically distributed. The direct-acting racks (77) are all meshed with the small gears (78).

6. A casting impact test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gathering mechanism (8) comprises a T-shaped support plate (81), the bottom surface of the T-shaped support plate (81) is fixedly connected to the central base (1), the outer surface of the central base (1) is rotatably connected to a meshing gear set (82), and each meshing gear set (82) is composed of a pair of meshing special-shaped gears, the top surface of each special-shaped gear in the meshing gear set (82) is fixedly connected to a swing rod (83), the inner surface of the swing rod (83) is slidably connected to a push rod (84), and both ends of the push rod (84) are fixedly connected to a limit ring (841) and are slidably connected to the inner surface of the T-shaped support plate (81), and each special-shaped gear in the meshing gear set (82) is respectively fixedly connected to a mounting shaft (8 5) and a connecting shaft (851), the outer surface of the mounting shaft (85) is fixedly connected to a two-part bevel gear set (86), and the two-part bevel gear set (86) is composed of a pair of vertically meshing bevel gears, the other end of the two-part bevel gear set (86) is fixedly connected to a reversing shaft (87), one end of the reversing shaft (87) is fixedly connected to a synchronous gear (88), the outer surface of the synchronous gear (88) is meshed with a synchronous chain (89), the outer surface of the synchronous chain (89) is fixedly connected to a driven rod (810), the outer surface of the central base (1) is fixedly connected to a spring mounting cylinder (811), and the inner surface of the spring mounting cylinder (811) is fixedly connected to a transverse return spring (812).

7. A casting impact test system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of the T-shaped support plates (81) is two and they are symmetrically distributed on the top surface of the central base (1); the reversing shafts (87) are all rotatably connected to the central base (1); the driven rods (810) penetrate the inner surface of the spring mounting cylinder (811) and are fixedly connected to the transverse return spring (812); the number of the synchronous gears (88) is two and they are symmetrically distributed; the synchronous gears (88) are all meshed with the synchronous chains (89); and the synchronous chains (89) are meshed with the shifting teeth (710).

8. A casting impact test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection mechanism (9) comprises a screw rod (91), the outer surface of the screw rod (91) is rotatably connected to the fixture sliding groove (11), one end of the screw rod (91) is fixedly connected to a four-bevel gear set (92), and the four-bevel gear set (92) is composed of four mutually meshing bevel gears, the outer surface of the screw rod (91) is threadedly connected to a threaded connection seat (93), the top surface of the threaded connection seat (93) is fixedly connected to a movable housing (94), the inner surface of the movable housing (94) is rotatably connected to an L-shaped plate (95), the inner surface of the movable housing (94) is slidably connected to a pressure plate (96), the bottom surface of the pressure plate (96) is fixedly connected to a support reset plate (97), the bottom surface of the support reset plate (97) is fixedly connected to limit columns (98) distributed at equal intervals, the limit The outer surface of the positioning column (98) is sleeved with a longitudinal return spring (99); the inner surface of the movable housing (94) is fixedly connected to a support fixing plate (910); the rotating shaft of the L-shaped plate (95) passes through the outer surface of the movable housing (94) and is fixedly connected to a rotating block (911) on the surface; the outer surface of the rotating block (911) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (912); the other end of the connecting rod (912) is slidably connected to a cylindrical block (913); the other side surface of the cylindrical block (913) is fixedly connected to a protective cover (914); the inner surface of the protective cover (914) is fixedly connected to a torque spring (915); the other end of the torque spring (915) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the movable housing (94); and the outer surface of the movable housing (94) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (916).

9. A casting impact test system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The number of the screw rods (91) is four, and the screw rods (91) are vertically distributed through the four-bevel gear set (92), and a handle is installed at one end of the screw rod (91) close to the side base (2), the limiting column (98) penetrates the inner surface of the support fixing plate (910) and is slidably connected to the inner wall thereof, the number of the support reset plate (97) is two, and the support reset plate (97) on the other side is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the L-shaped plate (95), the other end of the connecting rod (912) is hook-shaped, the protective cover (914) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the movable housing (94), and the connecting rod (912) is slidably connected to the limiting block (916).

10. A method for using a casting impact test system, characterized in that: Using a casting impact test system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: S1. Place the casting to be inspected in the movable housing (94) on the central base (1). By meshing the screw (91) with the four-bevel gear set (92), the rotation is distributed to all four screws (91), and the screws (91) on the opposite sides rotate in opposite directions. The screws (91) drive the four movable housings (94) to move inward or outward at the same time through the threaded connection seat (93), thereby clamping the internal casting in four directions; S2, in the initial state, the ball-carrying mechanism (7) is at the top, the cylinder (72) arm extends to merge the ball-carrying housing (75), and a test ball is installed inside. At this time, the cylinder (72) arm is started and retracted, and the cylinder (72) arm drives the active vertical rod (73) to be retracted, and at the same time drives the direct-acting rack (77) in the active vertical rod (73) to move, and the direct-acting rack (77) is meshed with the small gear (78) inside the fixed sleeve (76), converting the direct motion into the rotation of the small gear (78), driving the direct-acting rack (77) on the other side to move in the opposite direction, and driving the passive vertical rod (731) on the other side to move in the opposite direction, through the displacement of the active vertical rod (73) and the passive vertical rod (731), the ball-carrying connecting rod (74) connected to the bottom thereof is driven to move, and the ball-carrying housing (75) is opened to remove the test ball inside, and is released to allow it to fall freely to the surface of the test casting at the bottom; S3. When the test ball falls onto the surface of the casting, the pressure plate (96) on the top of the movable housing (94) is pressed down at the same time, and the pressure plate (96) is used to press down one end of the bottom of the L-shaped plate (95), so that the L-shaped plate (95) rotates around the connection, and the other end of the top of the L-shaped plate (95) is turned outward to clamp the casting. At the same time, the rotation axis of the L-shaped plate (95) drives the rotating blocks (911) at both ends to rotate during the rotation process, and the connecting rods (912) on the rotating blocks (911) can rotate, and the connecting rods (912) and the cylindrical blocks (913) on the top protective cover (914) are hooked to form The crank rocker structure is formed. When the rotating block (911) rotates downward rapidly, the connecting rod (912) pulls the cylindrical block (913) downward, so that the protective cover (914) is quickly flipped up to prevent the test ball from falling into the casting surface and generating debris that splashes out of the field. The rotating block (911) has a larger rotation radius than the protective cover (914), which plays an amplifying role. The connecting rod (912) tilts and rests on the limit block (916). The flipped protective cover (914) is reset through the action of the torque spring (915) and the cylindrical block (913) contacts the connecting rod (912) again to flip it and reset it. S4. After the test is completed, the electric motor (612) is started to drive the bottom gear (66) to rotate. The bottom gear (66) forms a chain drive with the relay gear (65) through the lifting chain (68). The relay gear (65) and the top gear (64) form a chain drive through the transmission chain (67). The transmission chain (67) transmits the rotation to the other side through the top bracket (61). During the rotation process, the lifting chains (68) on both sides drive the connecting beams (69) connected to their surfaces to move along the chain path. The connecting beams (69) are on the lifting plate (610). The rotation does not affect the position of the rotating sleeve (611) or the mounting shell (71), so that the rotating sleeve (611) and the mounting shell (71) move in the vertical direction along the lifting reserved groove (41) and remain aligned, thereby driving the ball-carrying mechanism (7) to move in the vertical direction. When the ball-carrying mechanism (7) moves to the bottom and is close to the surface of the casting, and at this time, the toggle tooth (710) is meshed with the synchronous chain (89), the starting cylinder (72) drives the ball-carrying shell (75) to merge, and the toggle tooth (710) toggle the synchronous chain (89) to make the ball-carrying mechanism (75) move to the bottom. The synchronous gears (88) inside the synchronous gears (88) rotate simultaneously and in the same direction. The synchronous gear (88) on one side drives the mounting shaft (85) to rotate through the two-bevel gear set (86), and drives the meshing gear set (82) connected thereto to rotate. The meshing gear set (82) of the same group meshes and rotates and rotates in opposite directions, driving the pair of swing rods (83) on the same side to swing inward or outward at the same time, and pushes and pulls the push rods (84) connected thereto to move laterally, so that when the cylinder (72) retracts the ball-supporting housing (75), the push rods (84) on both sides gather inward, thereby driving the test ball The ball-supporting housing (75) moves inward, so that the ball-supporting housing (75) can lift the test ball and retract the test ball to the top again through the lifting mechanism (6). The synchronous chain (89) drives the driven rod (810) on its surface to move during the transmission process. The driven rod (810) compresses the transverse return spring (812) in the spring mounting cylinder (811). When the ball-supporting mechanism (7) rises again, the toggle tooth (710) is no longer engaged with the synchronous chain (89). The transverse return spring (812) pushes the driven rod (810) so that the synchronous chain (89) drives the gathering mechanism (8) to reset.

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