Short-time rainfall forecasting method based on meteorological radar map information processing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of radar short-time rainfall forecasting, and particularly provides a short-time rainfall forecasting method based on meteorological radar map information processing, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the radar transmission based on an area where the temporary rainfall information needs to be obtained; the radar emits electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves are reflected when encountering raindrops in the air, and signals reflected by the radar are transmitted to the computer; establishing a corresponding data set based on a radar reflection signal acquired by a computer; obtaining rainfall information historical data according to the radar stored in the computer, and comparing the rainfall information historical data with the established data set; and based on the comparison result, acquiring short-time rainfall information monitored by the radar in the area at present. According to the method, the sampling range is wider during comparison, and the forecasting accuracy of short-time rainfall is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of radar short-term rainfall forecasting, and in particular relates to a short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar image information processing. Background Art

[0002] Rainfall events play an important role in human life and production. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately predict rainfall in a short period of time (0~hours) in order to accurately evaluate severe weather and reduce the harm to people's lives and property. At the same time, it also plays an emergency forecasting role in agricultural and industrial production. With the change of climate and the acceleration of urbanization, various meteorological phenomena occur frequently, and the atmospheric conditions become more and more complicated. At present, there is a lack of simulation systems that can display waterlogging conditions in real time at home and abroad. Short-term and accurate rainfall forecasting methods are the key to real-time waterlogging simulation systems. Especially in mountainous cities, due to the influence of terrain, the wind and clouds change rapidly. In mountainous cities with strong convective weather, rainfall often has the characteristics of short duration, large amount, and high harm. Since rainfall in mountainous cities generally lasts for a short time, if the rainfall events in mountainous cities in the next hour or so can be accurately predicted and combined with the real-time waterlogging simulation system, the time and location of waterlogging can be predicted in time, and preventive measures can be taken in advance, which will greatly reduce the damage caused.

[0003] However, when predicting local short-term rainfall, the existing method transmits information to a computer through radar reflection, and compares the local weather information of the area stored in the computer with the transmitted information to obtain the short-term rainfall situation in the area. Although it can obtain the short-term rainfall situation in the area, there is often still diversity in the short-term rainfall in a region under the same circumstances, which makes it easy for the rainfall situation to be inaccurate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing to improve the forecast accuracy of short-term rainfall.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing, comprising the following steps: S1. transmitting a radar based on the area where temporary rainfall information needs to be obtained; S2. The radar emits electromagnetic waves, which are reflected by raindrops in the air, and the radar reflected signals are transmitted to the computer; S3, establishing a corresponding data set based on the radar reflection signal obtained by the computer; S4, comparing the historical data of rainfall information obtained by radar stored in the computer itself with the established data set; S5. Based on the comparison results, obtain the short-term rainfall information currently monitored by the radar in the area.

[0006] In a preferred solution, in step S1, when it is necessary to detect short-term rainfall information in the target area, the staff controls the radar to emit electromagnetic waves.

[0007] In the preferred scheme, in step S3, the signal reflected by the radar is transmitted to a computer to obtain the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection, and a data set is established based on the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection.

[0008] In a preferred solution, in step S4, the method of comparing the historical data of rainfall information obtained by radar with the established data set includes: The computer reads the historical database of the target area and extracts the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection from the historical data; The signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend extracted from the historical database are compared with those reflected by the existing radar; According to the comparison results, the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the radar in the historical data that matches the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the existing radar are obtained; according to the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the radar in the matching historical data, the rainfall conditions saved in the historical database of the target area are obtained.

[0009] In the preferred scheme, in the step S5, based on the comparison result, the short-term rainfall information currently monitored by the radar in the area is obtained, specifically including: labeling the rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area that matches the existing data, calculating the rainfall level of the historical rainfall information corresponding to the labeled rainfall conditions, and obtaining the average historical rainfall level of each rainfall condition; and judging the short-term rainfall information of the target area according to the average historical rainfall level.

[0010] In a preferred solution, the historical rainfall levels include the following: Below the strong reflection area: the information obtained by the radar shows that there are more raindrops and the precipitation is level 3; Between the strong reflection area and the moderate reflection area: the information obtained by the distance radar indicates that the amount of raindrops is moderate and the precipitation is level 2; Between the moderate reflection area and the weak reflection area: the information obtained by the distance radar shows that the amount of raindrops is small and the precipitation is level 1; Above the weak reflection area: the information obtained from the distance radar indicates that there are few raindrops and no rainfall will occur.

[0011] In the preferred solution, in step S5, the rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area are labeled by situation, labeled A1, A2, A3...An, where n is the number of types of rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area that matches the existing data.

[0012] The present invention provides a short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing, which has the following beneficial effects: When the radar transmits electromagnetic wave signals, the electromagnetic waves generated by the radar enter the air. When encountering water droplets in the air, the electromagnetic waves generated by the radar will be able to generate reflections. At this time, the information generated by the radar reflection is transmitted to the computer, and the computer can obtain the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection. Through the information reflected by the radar, a data set of signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend is established on the computer. Based on the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the existing radar, the historical database is matched, so that the corresponding signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend information can be obtained, and the rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the area are obtained according to the similar multiple information in signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend. Based on this situation, the staff will label each situation, calculate the historical rainfall information level according to the above label, and obtain the average historical rainfall level, so that the short-term rainfall information in the area can be judged. In this way, when making a comparison, the sampling is wider, resulting in a more accurate judgment of short-term rainfall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the radar and computer transmission method of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the data comparison method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of rainfall levels according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0015] Combination Figure 1~Figure 4 The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail.

[0016] A short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar image information processing, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: S1. Launch a radar based on the area where temporary rainfall information needs to be obtained.

[0017] When it is necessary to detect short-term rainfall information in the target area, the staff controls the radar to emit electromagnetic waves.

[0018] S2. The radar emits electromagnetic waves, which are reflected by raindrops in the air, and the radar reflected signal is transmitted to the computer, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0019] When the radar emits an electromagnetic wave signal, the electromagnetic wave generated by the radar enters the air. When it encounters water droplets in the air, the electromagnetic wave generated by the radar will be able to produce reflection. At this time, the information generated by the radar reflection is transmitted to the computer.

[0020] S3. Establish a corresponding data set based on the radar reflection signal obtained by the computer.

[0021] The signal reflected by the radar is transmitted to the computer to obtain the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection, and a data set is established based on the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection.

[0022] Meteorological satellites can provide a wide range of rainfall information, including rainfall intensity, range and trends. Through satellite imagery and data analysis, we can understand the spatial distribution and temporal changes of rainfall.

[0023] S4. Compare the historical data of rainfall information obtained by radar stored in the computer itself with the established data set, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0024] The method for comparing the historical data of rainfall information obtained by radar with the established data set specifically includes: The computer reads the historical database of the target area and extracts the radar reflection signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend from the historical data.

[0025] The signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend extracted from the historical database are compared with those reflected by the existing radar.

[0026] Based on the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the existing radar and matching with the historical database, the corresponding signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend information can be obtained, and the rainfall conditions saved in the historical database of the area can be obtained based on similar multiple information such as signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend.

[0027] S5. Based on the comparison results, obtain the short-term rainfall information currently monitored by the radar in the area.

[0028] Based on the comparison results, the short-term rainfall information currently monitored by the radar in the area is obtained, including: The rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area matched with the existing data are labeled by situation, and the labels are A1, A2, A3...An, where n is the number of types of rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area matched with the existing data.

[0029] The rainfall level is calculated for the historical rainfall information corresponding to the rainfall conditions after the labels to obtain the average historical rainfall level of each rainfall condition. Based on the average historical rainfall level, the short-term rainfall information of the target area is determined.

[0030] Obtain rainfall data for a certain period of time, such as annual rainfall, from a weather station, weather records, or other reliable sources. Arrange all the data in chronological order, making sure nothing is missed. Add up the rainfall data collected to get the total rainfall. Determine the total period of time covered by the data, such as the number of years. Divide the total rainfall by the number of years or months in the total period to get the average rainfall. The calculation formula is: ; This allows us to obtain the average rainfall level over a period of time.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, historical rainfall levels include the following: Below the strong reflection area: the information obtained by the radar shows that there are more raindrops and the precipitation is level 3; Between the strong reflection area and the moderate reflection area: the information obtained by the distance radar indicates that the amount of raindrops is moderate and the precipitation is level 2; Between the moderate reflection area and the weak reflection area: the information obtained by the distance radar shows that the amount of raindrops is small and the precipitation is level 1; Above the weak reflection area: the information obtained from the distance radar indicates that there are few raindrops and no rainfall will occur.

[0032] The implementation principle of a short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing in the present embodiment is as follows: when it is necessary to detect the short-term rainfall information of the area, the staff controls the radar, and the radar emits an electromagnetic wave signal. The electromagnetic wave generated by the radar enters the air. When encountering water droplets in the air, the electromagnetic wave generated by the radar will be able to generate reflections. At this time, the information generated by the radar reflection is transmitted to the computer. The computer can derive the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection. A data set of signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend is established on the computer through the information reflected by the radar. Based on the signal strength reflected by the existing radar , reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend and other information are matched with the historical database, so the corresponding signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend and other information can be obtained, and the rainfall conditions saved in the historical database of the area can be obtained according to the similar multiple information in signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend, and based on this situation, the staff will label each situation, calculate the historical rainfall information level according to the above label, and get the average historical rainfall level, so that the short-term rainfall information in the area can be judged, so that when making a comparison, the sampling is wider, resulting in a more accurate judgment of short-term rainfall.

[0033] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. transmitting a radar based on the area where temporary rainfall information needs to be obtained; S2. The radar emits electromagnetic waves, which are reflected by raindrops in the air, and the radar reflected signals are transmitted to the computer; S3, establishing a corresponding data set based on the radar reflection signal obtained by the computer; S4, comparing the historical data of rainfall information obtained by radar stored in the computer itself with the established data set; S5. Based on the comparison results, obtain the short-term rainfall information currently monitored by the radar in the area.

2. A short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, when it is necessary to detect short-term rainfall information in the target area, the staff controls the radar to emit electromagnetic waves.

3. The short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar image information processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the signal reflected by the radar is transmitted to a computer to obtain the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection, and a data set is established based on the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection.

4. The short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar image information processing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4, the method of comparing the historical rainfall information data obtained by the radar with the established data set includes: The computer reads the historical database of the target area and extracts the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend of the radar reflection from the historical data; The signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend extracted from the historical database are compared with those reflected by the existing radar; According to the comparison results, the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the radar in the historical data that matches the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the existing radar are obtained; according to the signal strength, reflection frequency, rainfall intensity, rainfall range and rainfall trend reflected by the radar in the matching historical data, the rainfall conditions saved in the historical database of the target area are obtained.

5. A short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S5, based on the comparison result, the short-term rainfall information currently monitored by the radar in the area is obtained, specifically including: labeling the rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area that matches the existing data, calculating the rainfall level of the historical rainfall information corresponding to the labeled rainfall conditions, and obtaining the average historical rainfall level of each rainfall condition; based on the average historical rainfall level, the short-term rainfall information of the target area is determined.

6. A short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The historical rainfall levels include the following: Below the strong reflection area: the information obtained by the radar shows that there are more raindrops and the precipitation is level 3; Between the strong reflection area and the moderate reflection area: the information obtained by the distance radar indicates that the amount of raindrops is moderate and the precipitation is level 2; Between the moderate reflection area and the weak reflection area: the information obtained by the distance radar shows that the amount of raindrops is small and the precipitation is level 1; Above the weak reflection area: the information obtained from the distance radar indicates that there are few raindrops and no rainfall will occur.

7. A short-term rainfall forecasting method based on weather radar map information processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area are labeled by situation, and the labels are A1, A2, A3...An, where n is the number of rainfall conditions stored in the historical database of the target area that matches the existing data.

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