A precision powder laydown system for additive manufacturing and method of use

Abstract

The application relates to a precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and mainly comprising an intelligent weighing dolly assembly, a transverse driving mechanism, a longitudinal driving mechanism, a scraper and a PLC controller, which can realize accurate feeding and uniform spreading of powder materials. After a pneumatic ball valve is opened, powder falls naturally under the action of gravity to a printing platform. In the process, a high-precision weighing sensor continuously monitors the total weight change of the dolly and inputs data to a PID algorithm for real-time processing, so as to accurately control the running speed of the transverse driving mechanism and ensure that the powder feeding amount strictly meets preset standards. In addition, the scraper can realize uniform spreading of the powder on the processing platform. The application has excellent performance in large-scale additive manufacturing equipment with a simple mechanical structure, has a powder falling fault real-time alarm function, can accurately detect the powder falling amount, effectively prevents the phenomenon of excessive or insufficient powder spreading, and improves the processing quality and efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing and relates to a precise laying system for powder in a three-dimensional printing process and a method for using the system. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is an advanced manufacturing technique that uses three-dimensional CAD model data to connect materials layer by layer to form physical parts. The core of 3D printing lies in its ability to translate complex geometric structures directly from digital models into reality, reducing material waste and manufacturing time in traditional manufacturing processes. This invention utilizes Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology, which typically uses fine powder as the printing material. This powder is selectively melted by a laser or other heat source, and then gradually accumulated layer by layer. Selective Laser Sintering primarily uses plastic, metal, or ceramic powders, placing extremely high demands on the quality of the powder layer. The uniformity, thickness control, and overall layup quality of the powder layer directly impact the precision and performance of the final part.

[0003] The increasing size of 3D printing equipment means that the powder spreading device must maintain or improve the laying accuracy and efficiency while covering a larger area. The powder spreading device proposed by Dong Yaoqing et al. [Dong Yaoqing, Che Jun. Research on Electron Beam 3D Printing Powder Spreading System [J]. Science and Technology and Innovation, 2024, (12): 47-50+54.] consists of a V-shaped powder supply box, a roller, and a powder recovery box. The V-shaped powder supply box is difficult to manufacture and it is difficult to ensure that the outlet is parallel to the printing surface during installation. This can easily lead to insufficient or excessive powder supply, increasing material waste and manufacturing costs.

[0004] To address these issues, the powder spreading mechanism in 3D printing equipment should incorporate automated control technology. For example, a sophisticated motor control system could be used to adjust the scraper's speed and pressure, ensuring uniform application of each layer of powder. Furthermore, sensors could be integrated to monitor the height and weight of the powder layer in real time, combined with advanced algorithms such as PID control, to precisely control the amount of powder applied. Furthermore, modern powder spreading mechanisms incorporate fault detection and alarm systems, which can alert the operator or automatically initiate corrections if problems arise, ensuring a stable and reliable process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve precise control over the powder placement and spreading process, this invention provides a precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing. This system monitors material mass changes in the feed cart in real time, regulates the amount of material released via a PLC controller, and incorporates fault detection and alarm functions to ensure uniform and accurate powder layer placement. The technology provided by this invention is particularly suitable for the supply and control of powder materials in additive manufacturing. Its core lies in an intelligent weighing feed cart assembly that achieves precise powder placement and uniform spreading by controlling the opening and closing of a pneumatic ball valve and the coordinated operation of transverse and longitudinal drive mechanisms. In this intelligent weighing feed cart system, once the pneumatic ball valve located at the bottom of the feed cart receives a start signal and opens, the powder naturally falls to the print platform under the action of gravity. During this process, a high-precision load cell continuously monitors changes in the total weight of the feed cart and feeds the data into a PID algorithm for real-time processing to precisely control the operating speed of the transverse drive mechanism, ensuring that the powder delivery quantity strictly meets preset standards. In addition, the scraper device is installed under the transverse drive mechanism and is controlled by the longitudinal drive mechanism to move along a predetermined trajectory to achieve uniform spreading of the powder on the processing platform.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing, the precise powder laying system comprises an intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, a scraper 2, a powder laying platform 3, a transverse drive mechanism 4, a longitudinal drive mechanism 5, and a controller PLC, such as Figure 1 The controller PLC is the control center of the precise powder paving system. It receives feedback signals from the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, the transverse drive mechanism 4, and the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, processes data, and issues instructions to achieve precise control of the entire system. The various components are described below:

[0008] The intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 is connected and cooperated with the scraper 2, the transverse drive mechanism 4, and the longitudinal drive mechanism 5; the scraper 2 is fixedly connected under the transverse drive mechanism 4, and the first guide rail 42 of the transverse drive mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 58 of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5; the powder spreading platform 3 is a key component in the laser selective melting technology, which is used to lay powder in the additive manufacturing process; the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, the scraper 2 and the transverse drive mechanism 4 are driven by the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, and perform a flat spreading action on the powder spreading platform 3 to evenly spread the powder to the powder spreading platform 3.

[0009] The intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 mainly includes a hopper 11, a weighing sensor 12, a pneumatic ball valve 13, a connecting frame 14, and a connecting frame 2 15. Figure 2 As shown. Specifically:

[0010] The hopper 11 is opened at the upper and lower parts and is used to store the powder to be spread; the connecting frame 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper 11 as a supporting structure, and is used to transmit the weight information in the hopper 11; the pneumatic ball valve 13 is installed at the discharge port of the hopper 11 and is connected to the controller PLC to control the discharge of the powder; the weighing sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 14, and is used to output the weight information in the hopper 11 through the controller PLC; the connecting frame 2 15 is fixedly connected to the slide trolley 41 of the horizontal drive mechanism 4, and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the weighing sensor 12, and is used to drive the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to be fixedly connected to the slide trolley 41.

[0011] Furthermore, the weight information of the powder is collected by the weighing sensor 12 and sent to the controller PLC, which then corrects the moving speed of the slide trolley 41 to achieve precise control of the amount of material dropped; further, the working principle of the weighing sensor 12 is: when the mass of the powder in the hopper 11 changes, the elastic element in the weighing sensor 12 is deformed, thereby changing its internal resistance value; the weighing sensor 12 converts the change in resistance value into an electrical signal output, which is amplified and filtered by the data acquisition module and converted into an analog signal readable by the controller PLC, which is read and recorded in real time; further, the weighing sensor 12 uses a piezoresistive weighing sensor because of its high precision, high stability and good linearity.

[0012] The lateral drive mechanism 4 is used to carry and realize the lateral reciprocating movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, thereby realizing the mobile powder dropping operation, that is, the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 can move laterally along the first guide rail 42, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0013] The transverse drive mechanism 4 includes a slide trolley 41, a first guide rail 42, a first synchronous belt 43, a first servo motor 44, and a first support base 45;

[0014] The slide trolley 41 is slidably connected via a first synchronous belt 43 , so that the slide trolley 41 can run smoothly and be precisely positioned on the first guide rail 42 ;

[0015] The first guide rail 42 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 58 of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, providing a stable linear motion path for the slide trolley 41. The first guide rail 42 is fixedly connected to the scraper 2;

[0016] Furthermore, the first guide rail 42 directly affects the running smoothness and accuracy of the slide trolley 41. The design pursues the minimum friction coefficient and the highest rigidity to ensure that the slide trolley 41 can move smoothly on it and avoid the impact of vibration or deviation on the weighing accuracy;

[0017] The first synchronous belt 43 is meshedly connected to the first synchronous wheel 451 in the first support seat 45 to ensure high-speed and stable movement of the slide trolley 41. Furthermore, the first synchronous belt 43 converts the rotational power of the first servo motor 44 into linear motion of the slide trolley 41.

[0018] Furthermore, the transmission of the first synchronous belt 43 is a better choice for the rapid movement of intelligent powder spreading. At the same time, the maintenance of the first synchronous belt 43 is relatively simple and the replacement cost is low;

[0019] The first servo motor 44 is connected to the first synchronous wheel 451 on the first support seat 45 through an output shaft, so that the first servo motor 44 can accurately control the position and speed of the first synchronous belt 43; further, the first servo motor 44 is an actuator in the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, and the speed is accurately controlled by the pulse command of the PLC to achieve accurate control of the speed and position of the slide trolley 41;

[0020] The first support seat 45 includes a first synchronous wheel 451; a first coupling 452; and a first connecting shaft 453. Specifically, the first synchronous wheels 451 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the first guide rail 42, and the first synchronous belts 43 are respectively sleeved on the first synchronous wheels 451 on the first support seats 45 at both ends. The first synchronous belts 43 are meshed with the first synchronous wheels 451 in the first support seat 45. The slide trolley 41 and the first synchronous belt 43 are slidably connected and slide on the first guide rail 42. The output shaft of the first servo motor 44 is rotationally connected with the first coupling 452, the first connecting shaft 453, and the first synchronous wheel 451. Figure 5 As shown; when the first servo motor 44 rotates, the first connecting shaft 453 transmits torque through the first coupling 452, and the first synchronous wheel 451 in the first support seat 45 is driven to drive the slide trolley 41 to slide on the first guide rail 42; thereby driving the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 and the scraper 2 to slide;

[0021] The longitudinal drive mechanism 5 includes a longitudinal slide trolley 51, a second guide rail 52, a second synchronous belt 53, a second servo motor 54, a second support base 55, a second connecting shaft 56, a second coupling 57, a connecting frame 58 and a base 59. Figure 4 As shown. Specifically:

[0022] There are two longitudinal slide trolleys 51, which are slidably connected to the second guide rail 52 through a second synchronous belt 53; the transverse drive mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the two longitudinal slide trolleys 51 of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 through a connecting frame 58, and moves accordingly with the movement of the longitudinal slide trolleys 51; further, the longitudinal slide trolley 51 plays the role of carrying and moving the intelligent weighing trolley 1 and the transverse drive mechanism 4 in the longitudinal drive mechanism 5;

[0023] The second guide rails 52 are provided with two and are fixedly connected to the powder spreading platform 3 through the base 59, providing a stable and reliable reciprocating longitudinal motion track for the longitudinal slide trolley 51;

[0024] The second synchronous belt 53 is provided with two, and is meshedly connected to the second synchronous belt 53 through the second synchronous wheel 551 in the second support seat 55 to ensure high-speed and stable movement of the longitudinal slide trolley 51;

[0025] The second servo motor 54 is rotatably connected to the second synchronous pulley 551 on the second support base 55 via an output shaft, so that the second servo motor 54 can precisely control the position and speed of the second synchronous belt 53. Furthermore, the second servo motor 54 serves as a power source to precisely control the longitudinal movement speed and position of the longitudinal slide trolley 51.

[0026] There are four second support seats 55, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the second guide rail 52. Furthermore, the second support seat 55 includes a second synchronous wheel 551; a third coupling 552; and a third connecting shaft 553, wherein the second synchronous wheels 551 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the second guide rail 52; the second synchronous belt 53 is respectively sleeved on the second synchronous wheels 551 at both ends of the second support seat 55, and the second synchronous belt 53 is meshedly connected with the second synchronous wheel 551 in the second support seat 55.

[0027] Furthermore, the output shaft of the second servo motor 54 is rotatably connected to the third coupling 552, the third connecting shaft 553, and the second synchronous wheel 551. When the second servo motor 54 rotates, the third connecting shaft 553 transmits torque through the third coupling 552. The second synchronous wheel 551 in the second support seat 55 is driven to drive the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to slide on the second guide rail 52, similar to the transmission of the transverse drive mechanism 4. The second support seats 55 on the same side of the two second guide rails 52 are rotatably connected via the second connecting shaft 56 and the second coupling 57.

[0028] The second connecting shaft 56 rotatably connects the two second guide rails 52 and the second support base 55 through the second coupling 57 to ensure that they can rotate synchronously; the second coupling 57 is used to extend the shaft of the two second support bases 55 for rotational connection;

[0029] Furthermore, when the second servo motor 54 rotates, the motor output shaft and the third connecting shaft 553 are rotatably connected, and the torque is transmitted through the third coupling 552 and the second synchronous wheel 551 in the first support seat 45. The second connecting shaft 56 and the second coupling 57 transmit the torque to the support seat and guide rail on the other side, which can drive the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to slide on the second guide rail 52, so as to drive the scraper 2 to perform a flat powder spreading operation on the powder spreading platform 3.

[0030] A method for using a precise powder placement system for additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps:

[0031] At the initial moment, the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, the slide trolley 41 and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 are all in the position to be dropped;

[0032] The weighing sensor 12 collects the weight information of the powder stored in the hopper 11 of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, sends it to the controller PLC and opens the pneumatic ball valve 13 to start spreading the powder on the powder spreading platform 3;

[0033] The controller PLC calculates the amount of powder required for single-layer printing and converts it into the rotation speed of the first servo motor 44 by the formula, driving the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to start moving along the first guide rail 42;

[0034] The first servo motor 44 accurately controls the speed through the feedback pulse command of the PLC, and transmits torque through the first coupling 452, the first connecting shaft 453, the first synchronous wheel 451 and the first synchronous belt 43 in the first support base 45, so that the slide trolley 41 performs a horizontal reciprocating movement;

[0035] At the same time, the controller PLC processes the weight information from the weighing sensor and dynamically adjusts the speed of the lateral drive mechanism through the PID algorithm to ensure that the amount of powder falling is within the given accuracy range;

[0036] When the slide trolley 41 moves back and forth laterally, the speed and displacement of the slide trolley 41 are adjusted in real time;

[0037] After the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 completes the powder dropping action, the slide trolley 41 and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 return to the initial position;

[0038] The second servo motor 54 in the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 precisely controls the rotational speed through the feedback pulse command of the PLC, and transmits torque through the third coupling 552, the third connecting shaft 553, the second synchronous wheel 551 and the second synchronous belt 53 in the second support base 55, thereby driving the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to perform a longitudinal reciprocating movement along the linear path of the second guide rail 52;

[0039] The longitudinal drive mechanism 5 drives the scraper 2 fixedly connected to the transverse drive mechanism 4 to spread the powder on the powder spreading platform 3, spreading the powder evenly to the processing platform;

[0040] During the entire process, the system monitors the weight changes of the intelligent weighing trolley component 1 in real time through the controller PLC. Once an abnormality is found, the fault detection and alarm function will be immediately activated to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the powder layer laying.

[0041] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0042] (1) The present invention realizes precise control of the amount of material dropped through the intelligent weighing trolley assembly and PID algorithm; realizes uniform laying of powder through the transverse drive mechanism and the longitudinal drive mechanism; improves the stability and reliability of the system through the fault detection and alarm function; and shows advantages in large-format additive manufacturing equipment due to the easy design and installation of the structure and the expandable forming width.

[0043] (2) With its simple mechanical structure, the present invention demonstrates excellent performance in large-scale additive manufacturing equipment. It not only has a real-time alarm function for powder falling failure, but also can accurately detect the amount of powder falling, effectively preventing excessive or insufficient powder spreading, thereby improving processing quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A perspective view of a precise powder paving system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of an intelligent weighing trolley assembly in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention; Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure with a connecting frame; Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure without the connecting frame 1;

[0046] Figure 3 A perspective view of a transverse drive mechanism in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 A perspective view of a longitudinal drive mechanism in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a transverse drive mechanism in a precise powder material paving system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention;

[0049] Among them: intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1; scraper 2; powder spreading platform 3; horizontal drive mechanism 4; longitudinal drive mechanism 5;

[0050] Hopper 11; weighing sensor 12; pneumatic ball valve 13; connecting frame 14; connecting frame 2 15;

[0051] Slide trolley 41; first guide rail 42; first synchronous belt 43; first servo motor 44; first support base 45; first synchronous wheel 451; first coupling 452; first connecting shaft 453;

[0052] Longitudinal slide trolley 51; second guide rail 52; second synchronous belt 53; second servo motor 54; second support base 55; second connecting shaft 56; second coupling 57; connecting frame 58; base 59; second synchronous wheel 551; third coupling 552; third connecting shaft 553. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] In order to achieve precise control of the powder placement and paving process, the present invention discloses a precise powder paving system for additive manufacturing. The main mechanical components include an intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, a scraper 2, a powder paving platform 3, a transverse drive mechanism 4, a longitudinal drive mechanism 5, and a controller PLC. Figure 1 shown.

[0055] Among them, the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 mainly includes a hopper 11, a weighing sensor 12, a pneumatic ball valve 13, a connecting frame 14, a connecting frame 2 15 and other components. Figure 2 As shown, there is a gap between the connecting frame 14 and the connecting frame 2 15, and the weighing sensor 12 can be seen without the connecting frame 14.

[0056] Among them, the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 collects the weight information of the powder material stored in the hopper 11 by the weighing sensor 12, sends it to and controls the opening of the pneumatic ball valve 13 to achieve accurate material discharge.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, connecting frame 14 and connecting frame 2 15 are the supporting structures of each component in the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1. Connecting frame 14 is fixedly arranged under the hopper 11 and is used to transmit the weight information in the hopper 11; connecting frame 2 15 is fixed on the slide trolley 41 of the horizontal drive mechanism 4 and is used for the horizontal movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to spread powder.

[0058] The transverse driving mechanism 4 is used for the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to move back and forth transversely, thereby realizing the mobile powder spreading operation;

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the transverse drive mechanism 4 includes a slide trolley 41, a first guide rail 42, a first synchronous belt 43, a first servo motor 44 and a first support base 45. Figure 3 As shown. Specifically:

[0060] The first support seat 45 includes a first synchronous wheel 451, a first coupling 452, and a first connecting shaft 453, and the first synchronous wheel 451 is arranged opposite to each other at both ends of the first guide rail 42, and the first synchronous belt 43 is respectively sleeved on the first synchronous wheels 451 on the first support seats 45 at both ends, and the first synchronous belt 43 is meshed with the first synchronous wheel 451 in the first support seat 45; the slide trolley 41 and the first synchronous belt 43 are fixedly connected and slide on the first guide rail 42, and the first servo motor 44 is fixedly set on the first support seat 45; the first servo motor 44 transmits torque through the first coupling 452, the first connecting shaft 453, the first synchronous wheel 451 and the first synchronous belt 43 in the first support seat 45, so that the slide trolley 41 moves back and forth laterally along the path of the first guide rail 42, so as to drive the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 and the scraper 2 to slide, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown;

[0061] The main function of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 is to connect the scraper 2, drive the scraper 2 to spread the powder on the powder spreading platform 3 and realize the longitudinal movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1;

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 includes two longitudinal slide trolleys 51, two second guide rails 52, two second synchronous belts 53, a second servo motor 54, four second support seats 55, a second connecting shaft 56, a second coupling 57, two connecting frames, and six bases; two second guide rails 52 are arranged opposite to each other, and second support seats 55 are arranged on both sides of each guide rail, such as Figure 4 As shown; specifically:

[0063] The second support seat 55 comprises a second synchronous wheel 551, a third coupling 552, a third connecting shaft 553, and two second synchronous wheels 551 are oppositely arranged at two ends of the second guide rail 52; the second synchronous belt 53 is sleeved on the second synchronous wheel 551 on the second support seat 55 at two ends, and the second synchronous belt 53 is in meshing connection with the second synchronous wheel 551 in the second support seat 55; the support seats on the same side of the two second guide rails 52 are rotationally connected by a second connecting shaft 56 and a second coupling 57; the two longitudinal sliding table trolleys 51 and the second synchronous belt 53 are fixedly connected and slide along the linear path of the second guide rail 52; the output shaft of the second servo motor 54 is rotationally connected with the third coupling 552, the third connecting shaft 553 and the second synchronous wheel 551; when the second servo motor 54 rotates, the third connecting shaft 553 transmits torque through the third coupling 552, and the longitudinal sliding table trolley 51 can slide on the second guide rail 52 by the transmission of the second synchronous wheel 551 in the second support seat 55; the second support seats 55 on the same side of the two second guide rails 52 are rotationally connected by the second connecting shaft 56 and the second coupling 57, so that the longitudinal sliding table trolley 51 can slide on the second guide rail 52; therefore, the scraper 2 can be driven to slide on the powder laying platform 3.

[0064] The above-described embodiments only express the implementation of the present application, but cannot be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present application patent. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing, characterized in that: The precise powder laying system comprises an intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), a scraper (2), a powder laying platform (3), a transverse drive mechanism (4), a longitudinal drive mechanism (5), and a controller PLC; the powder laying platform (3) is used to lay powder during the additive manufacturing process; the transverse drive mechanism (4) is used to carry and realize the transverse reciprocating movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) to realize the mobile powder dropping operation; the controller PLC receives feedback signals from the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), the transverse drive mechanism (4) and the longitudinal drive mechanism (5), performs data processing and issues instructions to realize precise control of the entire system; The intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) is connected and matched with the scraper (2), the transverse driving mechanism (4), and the longitudinal driving mechanism (5); the scraper (2) is fixedly connected below the transverse driving mechanism (4), and the first guide rail (42) of the transverse driving mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (58) of the longitudinal driving mechanism (5); the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), the scraper (2) and the transverse driving mechanism (4) are driven by the longitudinal driving mechanism (5) to perform a flat spreading action on the powder spreading platform (3), so as to evenly spread the powder on the powder spreading platform (3); The intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) includes a hopper (11), a weighing sensor (12), a pneumatic ball valve (13), a connecting frame 1 (14), and a connecting frame 2 (15). Specifically, the hopper (11) has upper and lower openings and is used to store powder to be spread; the connecting frame 1 (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper (11) as a supporting structure and is used to transmit weight information in the hopper (11); the pneumatic ball valve (13) is installed at the discharge port of the hopper (11) and is connected to the controller PLC to control the discharge of the powder; the weighing sensor (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 1 (14) and is used to output the weight information in the hopper (11) through the controller PLC; the connecting frame 2 (15) is fixedly connected to the slide trolley (41) of the transverse drive mechanism (4) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the weighing sensor (12) and is used to fix the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) to the slide trolley (41); The weighing sensor (12) is a piezoresistive weighing sensor. The weight information of the powder is collected by the weighing sensor (12) and sent to the controller PLC, thereby correcting the moving speed of the slide trolley (41) to achieve accurate control of the amount of material dropped.

2. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse drive mechanism (4) includes a slide trolley (41), a first guide rail (42), a first synchronous belt (43), a first servo motor (44), and a first support seat (45); specifically: The slide trolley (41) is moved and positioned on the first guide rail (42) by a first synchronous belt (43), and the first synchronous belt (43) is connected to the first synchronous wheel (451) in the first support seat (45) by meshing type; the first guide rail (42) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (58) of the longitudinal drive mechanism (5), providing a linear motion path for the slide trolley (41); the first servo motor (44) is connected to the rotation of the first synchronous wheel (451) on the first support seat (45) through the output shaft, and the rotation of the first servo motor (44) is controlled by the PLC to realize the control of the speed and position of the slide trolley (41).

3. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first support seat (45) includes a first synchronous wheel (451), a first coupling (452), and a first connecting shaft (453). Specifically: The first synchronous wheel (451) is arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the first guide rail (42), and the first synchronous belt (43) is respectively mounted on the first synchronous wheels (451) on the first support seats (45) at both ends, and the first synchronous belt (43) is meshingly connected with the first synchronous wheel (451) in the first support seat (45); the slide trolley (41) and the first synchronous belt (43) are slidably connected and slide on the first guide rail (42); the output shaft of the first servo motor (44) is rotationally connected with the first coupling (452), the first connecting shaft (453), and the first synchronous wheel (451); when the first servo motor (44) rotates, the first connecting shaft (453) transmits torque through the first coupling (452), and the transmission of the first synchronous wheel (451) in the first support seat (45) can drive the slide trolley (41) to slide on the first guide rail (42); thereby driving the intelligent weighing material trolley component (1) and the scraper (2) to slide.

4. The precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal drive mechanism (5) includes a longitudinal slide trolley (51), a second guide rail (52), a second synchronous belt (53), a second servo motor (54), a second support base (55), a second connecting shaft (56), a second coupling (57), a connecting frame (58) and a base (59); specifically: There are two longitudinal slide trolleys (51) in total, which are slidably connected to the second guide rail (52) through a second synchronous belt (53); the transverse drive mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the two longitudinal slide trolleys (51) of the longitudinal drive mechanism (5) through a connecting frame (58), and moves with the movement of the longitudinal slide trolleys (51); The second guide rails (52) are provided with two, and the second guide rails (52) are fixedly connected to the powder spreading platform (3) through the base (59); The second synchronous belt (53) is provided with two, and is meshingly connected to the second synchronous belt (53) via a second synchronous wheel (551) in the second support seat (55); The second servo motor (54) is connected to the second synchronous wheel (551) on the second support seat (55) through the output shaft; There are four second support seats (55), which are respectively arranged on both sides of the second guide rail (52). The second support seats (55) are rotatably connected to each other through a second connecting shaft (56) and a second coupling (57); The second connecting shaft (56) rotatably connects the two second guide rails (52) and the second support seat (55) via a second coupling (57); The second coupling (57) is used to extend the shafts of the two second support seats (55) for rotational connection.

5. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second support seat (55) includes a second synchronous wheel (551), a third coupling (552), and a third connecting shaft (553), wherein the second synchronous wheel (551) is arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the second guide rail (52); the second synchronous belt (53) is respectively sleeved on the second synchronous wheel (551) on both ends of the second support seat (55), and the second synchronous belt (53) is meshingly connected with the second synchronous wheel (551) in the second support seat (55); When the second servo motor (54) rotates, the output shaft of the second servo motor (54) and the third connecting shaft (553) are connected in rotation, and the torque is transmitted through the third coupling (552) and the second synchronous wheel (551) in the first support seat (45). The second connecting shaft (56) and the second coupling (57) transmit the torque to the support seat and the guide rail on the other side, driving the longitudinal slide trolley (51) to slide on the second guide rail (52) to drive the scraper (2) to perform a flat powder spreading operation on the powder spreading platform (3).

6. A method for using the precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: At the initial moment, the longitudinal drive mechanism (5), the slide trolley (41) and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) are all in the position to be dropped; The weighing sensor (12) collects the weight information of the powder stored in the hopper (11) of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), sends it to the controller PLC and opens the pneumatic ball valve (13), and starts spreading the powder on the powder spreading platform (3); The controller PLC calculates the amount of powder required for single-layer printing and converts it into the rotation speed of the first servo motor (44), driving the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) to start moving along the path of the first guide rail (42); The first servo motor (44) accurately controls the rotation speed through the feedback pulse instruction of the PLC, and transmits torque through the first coupling (452), the first connecting shaft (453), the first synchronous wheel (451) and the first synchronous belt (43) in the first support seat (45), so as to make the slide trolley (41) perform a horizontal reciprocating movement; At the same time, the controller PLC processes the weight information from the weighing sensor and dynamically adjusts the speed of the lateral drive mechanism through the PID algorithm to ensure that the amount of powder falling is within the given accuracy range; When the slide trolley (41) moves back and forth laterally, the speed and displacement of the slide trolley (41) are adjusted in real time; After the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) completes the powder dropping action, the slide trolley (41) and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) return to the initial position; The second servo motor (54) in the longitudinal drive mechanism (5) accurately controls the rotation speed through the feedback pulse instruction of the PLC, transmits torque through the third coupling (552), the third connecting shaft (553), the second synchronous wheel (551) and the second synchronous belt (53) in the second support seat (55), and drives the longitudinal slide trolley (51) to perform a longitudinal reciprocating movement along the straight path of the second guide rail (52); The longitudinal drive mechanism (5) drives the scraper (2) fixedly connected to the transverse drive mechanism (4) to perform a flat spreading action on the powder spreading platform (3), thereby evenly spreading the powder onto the processing platform; During the whole process, the system monitors the weight change of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) in real time through the controller PLC to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the powder layer laying.

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