Device for heating crude oil pipeline by using graphene heating oil

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for heating a crude oil pipeline through graphene heating oil, and relates to the technical field of crude oil pipelines, the device comprises a pipeline main body, a graphene nano film is arranged in the pipeline main body, through heating of the graphene nano film, the viscosity of crude oil is reduced, the flow resistance and the head loss are reduced, and the crude oil conveying efficiency is improved; and a folding framework is fixed on the outer side of the graphene nano-film. The graphene nano film is arranged in the pipeline body, the crude oil conveying efficiency is improved through graphene heating, crude oil viscosity reduction, flow resistance reduction and head loss reduction, the temperature of the pipeline body is maintained through the heat preservation layer and graphene heating, and natural gas hydrate is prevented from being generated; the situation that the safety of a pipeline body is affected by pressure rise in the pipeline due to hydrate is avoided, meanwhile, by means of acoustic property change of graphene, the hydrate generation position can be accurately positioned through acoustic logging, and measures can be conveniently taken in time for treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil pipelines, and in particular to a device for heating a crude oil pipeline by using graphene heating oil. Background Art

[0002] A crude oil pipeline is a long-distance transportation facility used to transport crude oil. It is a key infrastructure of the oil industry. It can safely and efficiently transport crude oil from production sites such as oil wells and offshore platforms to destinations such as refineries, ports or storage facilities. Crude oil pipelines are like the "main arteries" of the oil industry, ensuring the flow of crude oil between different production links and geographical locations.

[0003] Crude oil pipelines are usually made of high-strength metal materials (such as steel pipes). Steel pipes have good pressure-bearing capacity and can withstand the pressure generated when crude oil flows in the pipeline. The diameter of the pipe is determined by factors such as the transportation volume, and generally ranges from a few inches to tens of inches. For example, the diameter of some long-distance, high-flow trunk crude oil pipelines may reach 36 inches or larger to ensure sufficient transportation capacity. When the pipeline transports crude oil, an external heating device is often used to heat the pipeline to make the crude oil transportation process smoother.

[0004] Among them, the physical properties of crude oil (such as high viscosity and high freezing point) create many obstacles to its transportation process. Many crude oils will become viscous or even solidify in low temperature environments, which greatly increases the resistance to flow in pipelines. Traditional heating methods, such as using heating furnaces at pumping stations to indirectly heat crude oil, have problems such as low thermal efficiency and high energy consumption. In addition, uneven heating of crude oil will produce thermal deviation, subjecting the pipeline to a higher heat load, making the pipeline more susceptible to thermal damage and creating transportation safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil, so as to solve the technical problem that the prior art uses a heating furnace to indirectly heat crude oil, which has the problems of low thermal efficiency and high energy consumption, and uneven heating may cause local crude oil to overheat and deteriorate, thus affecting the quality of crude oil.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil, comprising a pipeline body, wherein a graphene nanofilm is arranged inside the pipeline body, and the graphene nanofilm is heated to reduce the viscosity of the crude oil, reduce the flow resistance and head loss, and improve the crude oil transportation efficiency;

[0007] A folding skeleton is fixed on the outside of the graphene nanofilm, and each group of the folding skeleton includes two groups of support rings, multiple groups of folding rods, a first hinge seat and a second hinge seat. The two groups of support rings are movably connected to the multiple groups of folding rods through multiple groups of first hinge seats, and the folding rods at corresponding positions of each two groups are movably connected through the second hinge seat;

[0008] Positioning rings are fixed on the top and bottom of the folding frame, and a ring-shaped electric control box extending into the interior of the pipeline body is fixed on the outside of the positioning ring at the top;

[0009] A placement groove matching the annular electric control box is provided at the top of the pipe body, and a waterproof gasket is fixed on the inner wall of the placement groove. A snap-fit ​​connection groove is provided at the bottom of the pipe body, and the cross-sectional size of the snap-fit ​​connection groove is consistent with that of the annular electric control box.

[0010] Multiple groups of power supply modules and power storage modules are installed inside the annular electric control box. The power supply modules, power storage modules, graphene nanofilms, and graphene film sensors are electrically connected through wires, and the wires run through the positioning ring;

[0011] Thermoelectric materials are added inside the insulation layer, and the insulation layer is electrically connected to the power supply module and the power storage module. The insulation layer and graphene are used to generate heat to maintain the temperature of the pipeline body, prevent the formation of natural gas hydrates, and avoid the increase of pressure in the pipe caused by hydrates, which may affect the safety of the pipeline body. At the same time, the thermoelectric materials added to the insulation layer can maintain the temperature of the pipeline body and prevent the formation of natural gas hydrates. On the other hand, they can collect and convert the heat energy into electrical energy, which is then collected and stored by the power storage module.

[0012] Graphene film sensors are arranged at the top and four corners of the lower end of the inner wall of the graphene nanofilm. A graphene outer anti-corrosion layer, a thermal insulation layer and an outer protective sleeve are fixed in sequence on the outside of the folding skeleton, and the outer wall of the outer protective sleeve is fitted and fixed to the inner wall of the pipeline body. The graphene outer anti-corrosion layer plays a role in protecting the exterior from corrosion.

[0013] By adopting the above technical scheme, a graphene nanofilm is arranged inside the pipeline body, and the graphene generates heat to reduce the viscosity of crude oil, reduce flow resistance and head loss, and improve crude oil transportation efficiency. The insulation layer and graphene generate heat to maintain the temperature of the pipeline body, prevent the formation of natural gas hydrates, and avoid the increase of internal pipe pressure caused by hydrates and affecting the safety of the pipeline body. At the same time, the acoustic properties of graphene are changed, and the hydrate formation position can be accurately located through acoustic logging, so that timely measures can be taken to deal with it.

[0014] Furthermore, positioning bolts penetrating the positioning rings and extending into the interior of the pipe body are arranged at the four corners of the two sets of positioning rings, and the positioning rings and the pipe body are both provided with internal threads matching with the positioning bolts.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning ring can stably fix the unfolded folding frame inside the pipeline body under the action of the positioning bolt.

[0016] Furthermore, a connecting ring is arranged on the outer side of the top of the pipe body, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the connecting ring, and an external thread matching with the internal thread is provided on the bottom of the outer wall of the pipe body.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple groups of pipe bodies are connected end to end through the internal threads and external threads of the connecting ring, which can make the connection process of the multiple groups of pipe bodies more convenient and achieve better use effect.

[0018] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention arranges a graphene nanofilm inside the pipeline body, generates heat through graphene, reduces crude oil viscosity, reduces flow resistance and head loss, improves crude oil transportation efficiency, utilizes the heat insulation layer and graphene to maintain the temperature of the pipeline body, prevents the formation of natural gas hydrates, and avoids the increase of pressure in the pipeline caused by hydrates, which affects the safety of the pipeline body. At the same time, the acoustic properties of graphene are changed, and the hydrate formation position can be accurately located through acoustic logging, so that timely measures can be taken to deal with it;

[0020] 2. The present invention fixes multiple groups of axially connected folding frames in sequence on the outside of the graphene nanofilm, wherein each group of folding frames cooperates with two groups of folding rods and a first hinge seat and a second hinge seat, so that the graphene nanofilm can be folded and stored axially in a regular manner. That is to say, when the graphene nanofilm is transported, by folding it as a whole, not only the occupancy of the transportation space is reduced and the transportation efficiency is improved, but also the problem of accidental collision with the graphene nanofilm and other components caused by the outside world causing damage to them is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the present invention as a whole;

[0023] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified image of point A;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged view of point B;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a single group structure of the folding skeleton of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point C;

[0027] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged view of point D;

[0028] Figure 8 A diagram showing a first folding state of the folding frame of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 A second folding state diagram of the folding frame of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point E.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Pipe body; 2. Graphene nanofilm; 3. Folding skeleton; 301. Support ring; 302. Folding rod; 303. First hinge seat; 304. Second hinge seat; 4. Positioning ring; 5. Graphene film sensor; 6. Ring-shaped electric control box; 7. Graphene outer anti-corrosion layer; 8. Insulation layer; 9. Outer protective cover; 10. Snap-fit ​​connection groove; 11. Connection ring; 12. Positioning bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] The following describes an embodiment of the present invention based on its overall structure.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] A device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil, such as Figure 1-10 As shown, it includes a pipeline body 1, and a graphene nanofilm 2 is arranged inside the pipeline body 1. The heat generated by the graphene nanofilm 2 reduces the viscosity of crude oil, reduces flow resistance and head loss, and improves the crude oil transportation efficiency;

[0036] A folding skeleton 3 is fixed on the outside of the graphene nanofilm 2, and each group of folding skeletons 3 includes two groups of support rings 301, multiple groups of folding rods 302, a first hinge seat 303 and a second hinge seat 304. The two groups of support rings 301 are movably connected to the multiple groups of folding rods 302 through multiple groups of first hinge seats 303, and the folding rods 302 at corresponding positions of each two groups are movably connected through the second hinge seat 304;

[0037] Each group of folding skeletons 3 is coordinated with two groups of folding rods 302 and the first hinge seat 303 and the second hinge seat 304, so that the graphene nanofilm 2 can be folded and stored in an axial direction in a regular manner. That is to say, when the graphene nanofilm 2 is transported, by folding it as a whole, it not only reduces the occupation of transportation space and improves transportation efficiency, but also avoids the problem of accidental collision with the graphene nanofilm 2 and other components caused by the outside world, which causes damage to them.

[0038] A positioning ring 4 is fixed to the top and bottom of the folding frame 3, and a ring-shaped electric control box 6 extending to the inside of the pipeline body 1 is fixed to the outside of the positioning ring 4 at the top;

[0039] A placement groove matching the annular electric control box 6 is provided at the top of the pipe body 1, and a waterproof gasket is fixed on the inner wall of the placement groove. A snap-fit ​​connection groove 10 is provided at the bottom of the pipe body 1, and the cross-sectional size of the snap-fit ​​connection groove 10 is consistent with that of the annular electric control box 6.

[0040] A plurality of power supply modules and power storage modules are installed inside the annular electric control box 6. The power supply modules, power storage modules, graphene nanofilm 2, and graphene film sensor 5 are electrically connected through wires, and the wires pass through the positioning ring 4.

[0041] Thermoelectric materials are added inside the thermal insulation layer 8, and the thermal insulation layer 8 is electrically connected to the power supply module and the power storage module. The thermal insulation layer 8 and graphene are used to generate heat to maintain the temperature of the pipeline body 1, prevent the formation of natural gas hydrates, and avoid the increase of the pressure in the pipe caused by hydrates, which may affect the safety of the pipeline body 1. At the same time, the thermoelectric materials added in the thermal insulation layer 8 can maintain the temperature of the pipeline body 1 and prevent the formation of natural gas hydrates. On the other hand, they can collect and convert the heat energy into electrical energy, which is then collected and stored by the power storage module.

[0042] Graphene film sensors 5 are arranged at the top and four corners of the bottom of the inner wall of the graphene nanofilm 2. A graphene outer anti-corrosion layer 7, a heat-insulating layer 8 and an outer protective sleeve 9 are fixed to the outside of the folded skeleton 3 in sequence, and the outer wall of the outer protective sleeve 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the pipeline body 1, wherein the graphene outer anti-corrosion layer 7 plays a role in protecting the exterior from corrosion;

[0043] The outer protective cover 9 wraps the entire device to provide further protection;

[0044] In detail, when the pipeline body 1 is in a normal state of transporting crude oil, the power supply module and the power storage module provide power to the graphene nanofilm 2 to make it generate heat. The heat generated by the graphene nanofilm 2 directly heats the crude oil, reduces the viscosity of the crude oil, reduces the flow resistance and head loss, and improves the transportation efficiency of the crude oil. On the other hand, the heat is transferred to the surrounding environment through the pipeline body 1, maintaining the temperature of the pipeline body 1 at a relatively stable level to prevent the formation of natural gas hydrates.

[0045] The thermoelectric material in the insulation layer 8 collects the heat energy emitted by the pipeline body 1 during this process, and converts it into electrical energy and stores it in the power storage device, thereby realizing energy recycling;

[0046] If natural gas hydrate appears in the pipeline body 1, the pressure in the pipeline will increase. At this time, the graphene film sensor 5 located inside the pipeline body 1 will detect the pressure change;

[0047] As the pressure increases, the resistance of the graphene nanofilm 2 will also increase. According to the design principle of the device, the increase in resistance will cause the graphene nanofilm 2 to generate more heat, thereby increasing the temperature of the pipeline body 1. The increase in temperature will promote the disintegration of hydrates, thereby alleviating the blockage and pressure impact of hydrates on the pipeline body 1.

[0048] At the same time, the graphene nanofilm 2 is conductive and can electrolyze the water produced by the decomposition of hydrates, further alleviating the problems caused by hydrates. The high voltage generated by the decomposition of hydrates will further increase the resistance of the graphene nanofilm 2, and the heat generation will continue to increase. The power storage device will also store more electrical energy due to the increase in thermal energy.

[0049] When hydrates appear, the acoustic properties of the graphene nanofilm 2 will change. Using the acoustic logging technology, the location of hydrate formation can be accurately located. In this way, engineers can take targeted measures to deal with it in time to ensure the safe and stable operation of the crude oil pipeline.

[0050] Specifically, graphene is a carbon atom in the form of sp 2 The hybrid orbitals form a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial in a hexagonal honeycomb lattice, and the graphene film sensor 5 utilizes the unique properties of graphene;

[0051] On the one hand, graphene has excellent electrical properties and high electrical conductivity. When the external environment changes, the resistance of graphene will change accordingly. In a crude oil pipeline, when hydrate formation causes the pressure in the pipeline to increase, the graphene film will be affected by the pressure. Due to the pressure, the crystal structure of the graphene changes slightly, causing the resistance to increase. By monitoring the change in the resistance of the graphene nanofilm 2, the graphene film sensor 5 can indirectly sense the change in the pressure in the pipeline.

[0052] On the other hand, graphene is also very sensitive to temperature changes. When the temperature in the pipeline body 1 changes, the resistance of the graphene nanofilm 2 will also change. During the operation of the device, the heat generated by the graphene nanofilm 2 will increase the temperature of the pipeline. The graphene film sensor 5 can monitor the temperature change through the change of resistance and provide feedback information for the temperature control of the entire device.

[0053] In addition, graphene also has good mechanical properties and stability, and can work stably for a long time in harsh environments, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of graphene film sensors 5;

[0054] Finally, the folding skeletons 3 can be connected end to end in multiple groups. Different numbers of folding skeletons 3 can be selected according to different lengths of the pipeline body 1, so that it can better adapt to the pipeline body 1 of different lengths, and can heat the pipeline body 1 as a whole, so that the crude oil transportation efficiency of the pipeline body 1 is greatly improved.

[0055] See also Figure 1 The four corners of the two sets of positioning rings 4 are all provided with positioning bolts 12 that penetrate the positioning rings 4 and extend to the inside of the pipe body 1, and the positioning rings 4 and the pipe body 1 are both provided with internal threads that match the positioning bolts 12. By setting the above structure, the positioning rings 4 can stably fix the unfolded folding frame inside the pipe body 1 under the action of the positioning bolts 12.

[0056] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A connecting ring 11 is provided on the outside of the top of the pipe body 1, and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the connecting ring 11, and an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the bottom of the outer wall of the pipe body 1. By setting the above structure, the present invention can connect multiple groups of pipe bodies 1 end to end through the internal thread and the external thread of the connecting ring 11, thereby making the connection process of multiple groups of pipe bodies 1 more convenient and achieving better use effect.

[0057] Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, this specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the invention. The specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions and variations to the embodiments without creative contributions as needed without departing from the principles and purpose of the present invention. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil, comprising a pipeline body (1), characterized in that: A graphene nanofilm (2) is arranged inside the pipeline body (1), and a folded frame (3) is fixed outside the graphene nanofilm (2); Each group of the folding skeleton (3) comprises two groups of support rings (301), multiple groups of folding rods (302), a first hinge seat (303) and a second hinge seat (304); the two groups of support rings (301) are movably connected to the multiple groups of folding rods (302) via the multiple groups of first hinge seats (303), and the folding rods (302) at corresponding positions of each two groups are movably connected via the second hinge seat (304); Graphene film sensors (5) are provided at the top and four corners of the bottom of the inner wall of the graphene nanofilm (2); a graphene outer anti-corrosion layer (7), a thermal insulation layer (8) and an outer protective sleeve (9) are fixed in sequence to the outside of the folding skeleton (3); and the outer wall of the outer protective sleeve (9) is fitted and fixed to the inner wall of the pipeline body (1).

2. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the folding frame (3) are both fixed with positioning rings (4), and an annular electric control box (6) extending into the interior of the pipeline body (1) is fixed to the outside of the positioning ring (4) at the top.

3. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of power supply modules and power storage modules are installed inside the annular electric control box (6), and the power supply modules, power storage modules, graphene nanofilm (2), and graphene film sensor (5) are electrically connected via wires, and the wires pass through the positioning ring (4).

4. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 3, characterized in that: Thermoelectric material is added inside the thermal insulation layer (8), and the thermal insulation layer (8) is electrically connected to the power supply module and the power storage module.

5. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pipeline body (1) is provided with a snap-fit ​​connection groove (10), and the cross-sectional size of the snap-fit ​​connection groove (10) is consistent with the size of the annular electric control box (6).

6. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: A placement groove matching the annular electric control box (6) is provided at the top of the interior of the pipeline body (1), and a waterproof gasket is fixed on the inner wall of the placement groove.

7. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 2, characterized in that: The four corners of the two sets of positioning rings (4) are all provided with positioning bolts (12) that penetrate the positioning rings (4) and extend into the interior of the pipeline body (1), and the positioning rings (4) and the pipeline body (1) are both provided with internal threads that match the positioning bolts (12).

8. The device for heating a crude oil pipeline using graphene heating oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting ring (11) is arranged on the outside of the top of the pipe body (1), and an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the connecting ring (11), and an external thread matching the internal thread is provided on the bottom of the outer wall of the pipe body (1).

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