Hydrogen combustion explosion experimental device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen combustion and explosion experiment device and method.The hydrogen combustion and explosion experiment device comprises a shell, an ignition system, a data acquisition system, a gas distribution system and a cooling system, the gas distribution system is used for guiding premixed gas into the shell, the ignition system is used for igniting the premixed gas in the shell, and the data acquisition system is used for acquiring data of the premixed gas in the shell; the data acquisition system is used for detecting burning and explosion data in the shell, and the cooling system is used for cooling the shell. Firstly, premixed gas is guided into the shell through the gas distribution system, and the shell is cooled through the cooling system, so that the premixed gas is cooled. And then the premixed gas in the shell is ignited by utilizing the ignition system, and finally the burning and explosion data in the shell can be detected by utilizing the data acquisition system. By utilizing the hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device, the premixed gas can be cooled before being detonated, so that the combustion and explosion characteristics of the premixed gas in a low-temperature environment can be researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustion and explosion experiments, and in particular to a hydrogen combustion and explosion experiment device and method. Background Art

[0002] The storage and transportation of hydrogen energy is a key link in the utilization of hydrogen energy. At present, there are four main ways to store hydrogen: high-pressure gas, cryogenic liquid, organic liquid, and solid material hydrogen storage. In the technical route based on physical storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, as a deep-cold hydrogen storage technology, has been widely used in rocket engines, intercontinental flight vehicles, etc. due to its high volume energy density.

[0003] The existing hydrogen combustion and explosion test device can be found in the patent application number CN202311019813.0, which introduces premixed gas into the combustion and explosion pipeline, then detonates the premixed gas in the combustion and explosion pipeline, and then obtains the combustion and explosion characteristics of the premixed gas. However, the above hydrogen combustion and explosion test device performs combustion and explosion experiments on premixed gas at room temperature, and cannot obtain the combustion and explosion characteristics of hydrogen in a low temperature environment.

[0004] Therefore, how to study the combustion and explosion characteristics of hydrogen in low-temperature environments is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies, propose a hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device and method, and solve the technical problem of how to study the combustion and explosion characteristics of hydrogen in a low temperature environment in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In one aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen explosion experimental device, comprising: case; A gas distribution system, which is used to introduce premixed gas into the shell; an ignition system, used to ignite the premixed gas in the housing; A data acquisition system for detecting combustion and explosion data in the housing; and The cooling system is used to cool the shell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the shell includes a combustion and explosion box, and the gas distribution system includes a gas distribution plate, a vacuum pump, a hydrogen tank and an air tank. The gas distribution plate is respectively connected to the vacuum pump, the hydrogen tank, the air tank and the combustion and explosion box, and the gas distribution plate can control the connection and disconnection between the vacuum pump, the hydrogen tank, the air tank and the combustion and explosion box.

[0008] In some embodiments, the explosion box has a plurality of air inlets, which are arranged along the circumference of the explosion box. The gas distribution system also includes a gas distribution plate and a nitrogen tank. The gas distribution plate is respectively connected to the nitrogen tank and the gas distribution plate to control the connection and disconnection between the nitrogen tank and the gas distribution plate. The gas distribution plate introduces nitrogen into the plurality of air inlets respectively.

[0009] In some embodiments, the explosion box has an interlayer space in its wall, and the explosion box has an inlet connected to the interlayer space, and the cooling system introduces liquid nitrogen through the inlet to cool the explosion box.

[0010] In some embodiments, the data acquisition system includes a data acquisition instrument, a signal regulator and several first pressure sensors. The several first pressure sensors are arranged in the combustion and explosion box along the axial direction of the combustion and explosion box. The signal regulator is communicatively connected to the data acquisition instrument and the several first pressure sensors respectively. The signal regulator is used to adjust the signal transmitted by the first pressure sensor and transmit the adjusted signal to the data acquisition instrument.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shell includes a fuel explosion tube, which is detachably connected to the fuel explosion box. The data acquisition system also includes a plurality of second pressure sensors, which are installed on the fuel explosion tube along the length direction of the fuel explosion tube, and the plurality of second pressure sensors are all communicatively connected to the signal regulator, and the signal regulator transmits the regulated signal to the data acquisition instrument.

[0012] In some embodiments, the ignition system includes an igniter, a bursting piece and a spark plug. The spark plug is installed at one end of the combustion tube away from the combustion box, and the bursting piece is installed at one end of the combustion tube close to the combustion box. The igniter is electrically connected to the spark plug and the bursting piece respectively.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ignition system includes an igniter and a spark plug, the spark plug is installed in the explosion box, and the igniter is electrically connected to the spark plug.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a hydrogen combustion and explosion test method, which is applied to the above-mentioned hydrogen combustion and explosion test device, and comprises: S1, introducing a certain amount of premixed gas into the shell; S2. Set disturbance factors that affect combustion and explosion; S3, detonating the premixed gas and obtaining combustion and explosion data; Wherein, the disturbance factor includes setting the premixed gas temperature.

[0015] In some embodiments, the disturbance factor further includes uneven distribution of the premixed gas within the housing.

[0016] First, the premixed gas is introduced into the shell through the gas distribution system, and the shell is cooled by the cooling system, thereby cooling the premixed gas. Then, the premixed gas in the shell is ignited by the ignition system, and finally the combustion and explosion data in the shell can be detected by the data acquisition system. Using the above-mentioned hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device, the premixed gas can be cooled before detonating the premixed gas, so that the combustion and explosion characteristics of the premixed gas in a low-temperature environment can be studied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device provided by another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion box structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of the reference numerals: shell 100, explosion tube 110, explosion box 120, air inlet 121, inlet 123, ignition system 200, igniter 210, bursting disc 220, spark plug 230, data acquisition system 300, data acquisition instrument 310, signal conditioner 320, second pressure sensor 330, first pressure sensor 340, gas distribution system 400, gas distribution plate 410, vacuum pump 420, hydrogen tank 430, air tank 440, gas distribution plate 450, nitrogen tank 460. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] In order to solve the technical problem of how to study the combustion and explosion characteristics of hydrogen in a low-temperature environment, the present invention provides a combustion and explosion experimental device and method, which can cool the premixed gas before detonating the premixed gas, thereby studying the combustion and explosion characteristics of the premixed gas in a low-temperature environment.

[0021] It should be noted that the hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device of the present invention is used for but not limited to hydrogen combustion and explosion experiments, etc. For the convenience of explanation, in the present invention, only the application of the hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device to the hydrogen combustion and explosion experiment is used as an example for explanation, and the principle of applying the hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device to other types of equipment is essentially the same as the principle applied to the hydrogen combustion and explosion experiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0022] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device in one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device includes a shell 100, an ignition system 200, a data acquisition system 300, a gas distribution system 400 and a cooling system (not shown in the figure), the ignition system 200 is used to ignite the premixed gas in the shell 100, the data acquisition system 300 is used to detect the combustion and explosion data of the shell 100, the gas distribution system 400 is used to introduce the premixed gas into the shell 100, and the cooling system (not shown in the figure) is used to cool the shell 100.

[0023] In this embodiment, the premixed gas is first introduced into the shell 100 through the gas distribution system 400, and the shell 100 is cooled by the cooling system (not shown in the figure), so that the cooled premixed gas is introduced into the shell 100. Then, the premixed gas in the shell 100 is ignited by the ignition system 200, and finally the combustion and explosion data in the shell 100 can be detected by the data acquisition system 300. By using the above-mentioned hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device, the premixed gas can be cooled before detonating the premixed gas, so that the combustion and explosion characteristics of the premixed gas in a low temperature environment can be studied.

[0024] In some of the embodiments, the shell 100 includes a combustion and explosion box 120, and the gas distribution system 400 includes a gas distribution plate 410, a vacuum pump 420, a hydrogen tank 430 and an air tank 440. The gas distribution plate 410 is respectively connected to the vacuum pump 420, the hydrogen tank 430, the air tank 440 and the combustion and explosion box 120, and the gas distribution plate 410 can control the connection and disconnection between the vacuum pump 420, the hydrogen tank 430 and the air tank and the combustion and explosion box 120.

[0025] In this embodiment, the gas distribution plate 410 can be regarded as an integrated gas valve, and the vacuum pump 420, the hydrogen tank 430, the air tank 440 and the explosion box 120 can be connected to each other through the gas distribution plate 410, and the connection between the vacuum pump 420, the hydrogen tank 430, the air tank 440 and the explosion box 120 can also be cut off. Specifically, the gas distribution plate 410 can be composed of a plurality of ball valves, and the opening and closing of the valves can be controlled to control the opening and closing of each gas path.

[0026] On the basis of the above embodiments, in some of the embodiments, the explosion box 120 has a plurality of air inlets 121, and the plurality of air inlets 121 are arranged along the circumference of the explosion box 120. The gas distribution system 400 also includes a gas distribution plate 450 and a nitrogen tank 460. The gas distribution plate 410 is respectively connected to the nitrogen tank 460 and the gas distribution plate 450 to control the on-off between the nitrogen tank 460 and the gas distribution plate 450. The gas distribution plate 450 is respectively connected to the plurality of air inlets 121 to introduce nitrogen.

[0027] In this embodiment, nitrogen is introduced into the explosion box 120 through the gas distribution plate 450, thereby affecting the distribution state of the premixed gas, so as to obtain the explosion state of the premixed gas when the premixed gas is in a non-uniform distribution state. This further affects the concentration of the premixed gas in different areas, thereby simulating the experimental environment under the non-uniform distribution state of the premixed gas. The introduction speed and introduction direction of nitrogen will affect the distribution state of the premixed gas.

[0028] Specifically, the air inlet 121 is 8 small holes of 1 mm uniformly distributed along the circumference of the explosion box 120, so that nitrogen can diffuse into the explosion box 120 in a horizontal direction through each small hole.

[0029] In some of the embodiments, the explosion box 120 has an interlayer space (not shown in the figure) in the wall, and the explosion box 120 has an inlet 123 connected to the interlayer space (not shown in the figure), and the cooling system (not shown in the figure) introduces liquid nitrogen through the inlet 123 to cool the explosion box 120.

[0030] In this embodiment, liquid nitrogen is introduced into the interlayer space (not shown in the figure) through the inlet 123, so that the explosion box 120 can be cooled by the liquid nitrogen, thereby cooling the premixed gas.

[0031] In some of the embodiments, the data acquisition system 300 includes a data acquisition instrument 310, a signal regulator 320 and a plurality of first pressure sensors 340. The plurality of first pressure sensors 340 are arranged in the combustion box 120 along the axial direction of the combustion box 120. The signal regulator 320 is respectively communicatively connected with the data acquisition instrument 310 and the plurality of first pressure sensors 340. The signal regulator 320 is used to adjust the signal transmitted by the first pressure sensor 340 and transmit the adjusted signal to the data acquisition instrument 310.

[0032] In this embodiment, since the signal regulator 320 is respectively communicated with the data acquisition instrument 310 and several first pressure sensors 340, the signal regulator 320 is used to adjust the signal transmitted by the first pressure sensor 340 and transmit the adjusted signal to the data acquisition instrument 310, so that the data acquisition instrument 310 can obtain the pressure information of various locations in the explosion box 120 during the explosion process.

[0033] Specifically, when the flame or detonation wave passes through the location of the first pressure sensor 340, the data acquisition instrument 310 can automatically record and generate a waveform of the pressure change inside the pipeline. The average propagation speed of the flame or detonation wave can be obtained by dividing the distance between two adjacent first pressure sensors 340 by the time difference between the adjacent wave peaks.

[0034] In some of the embodiments, the data acquisition system 300 further includes a plurality of first pressure sensors 340 . The plurality of first pressure sensors 340 are installed in the explosion box 120 , and the plurality of first pressure sensors 340 are communicatively connected to the signal conditioner 320 .

[0035] The shell 100 includes a combustion explosion tube 110, which is detachably connected to a combustion explosion box 120. The data acquisition system 300 also includes a plurality of second pressure sensors 330. The plurality of second pressure sensors 330 are installed on the combustion explosion tube 110 along the length direction of the combustion explosion tube 110, and the plurality of second pressure sensors 330 are all communicatively connected to the signal regulator 320. The signal regulator 320 is used to adjust the signal transmitted by the second pressure sensor 330 and transmit the adjusted signal to the data acquisition instrument 310.

[0036] In this embodiment, since each pressure sensor is installed in the explosion tube 110 , the pressure information at each location in the explosion box 120 can be detected by the signal conditioner 320 .

[0037] Specifically, when the flame or detonation wave passes through the location of the second pressure sensor 330, the data acquisition instrument 310 can automatically record and generate a waveform of the pressure change inside the pipeline. The average propagation speed of the flame or detonation wave can be obtained by dividing the distance between two adjacent second pressure sensors 330 by the time difference between the adjacent wave peaks.

[0038] In addition, since the explosion tube 110 and the explosion box 120 are detachably connected to each other, different specifications of the explosion tube 110 can be replaced to perform different types of explosion experiments. At the same time, the explosion tube 110 can also be not installed, and the explosion experiment can be performed only in the explosion box 120.

[0039] In some of the embodiments, the ignition system 200 includes an igniter 210, a bursting disc 220 and a spark plug 230. The spark plug 230 is installed at one end of the combustion tube 110 away from the combustion box 120, and the bursting disc 220 is installed at one end of the combustion tube 110 close to the combustion box 120. The igniter 210 is electrically connected to the spark plug 230 and the bursting disc 220 respectively.

[0040] In this embodiment, since the bursting disc 220 and the spark plug 230 are respectively installed at both ends of the explosion tube 110, the premixed gas in the explosion tube 110 can be detonated by the igniter 210.

[0041] In some other embodiments, the ignition system 200 includes an igniter 210 and a spark plug 230 . The spark plug 230 is installed in the explosion box 120 . The igniter 210 and the spark plug 230 are electrically connected.

[0042] In this embodiment, the premixed gas in the explosion box 120 can be detonated by the igniter 210 .

[0043] In addition, the optical schlieren system includes a high-speed camera, a schlieren instrument, and 6 cm thick optical glass on both sides of the explosion tube 110. Since the glass is fixed on the outside of the explosion tube 110, it can provide a global observation field of view of the inside of the explosion tube 110 of 300 mm×300 mm, including the entrance end where the flame or detonation wave just enters the explosion tube 110. At the same time, the position where the optical glass is installed can also be replaced with a corresponding steel plate according to actual needs, and a smoked plate can be attached to analyze the detonation cell.

[0044] The experimental steps for simulating low-temperature hydrogen explosion are as follows: (1) Use vacuum pump 420 to evacuate each gas circuit in the hydrogen explosion experiment to a vacuum (or evacuate the air to a specified pressure). If the pressure in each gas circuit remains stable, it is considered that the experimental airtightness requirements are met.

[0045] (2) The premixed gas is configured using the gas distribution plate 410. The premixed gas of hydrogen and air is prepared in the explosion tube 110 and the explosion box according to Dalton's law of partial pressure, and is allowed to stand for 24 hours to ensure uniform mixing.

[0046] (3) Connect the second pressure sensor 330 and the first pressure sensor 340 to the data acquisition instrument 310 through twisted pair shielded signal lines, and verify whether the second pressure sensor 330 and the first pressure sensor 340 are normally connected to the data acquisition instrument 310.

[0047] (4) Liquid nitrogen is added into the space interlayer of the explosion box 120 to pre-cool the explosion box 120, and then nitrogen is introduced into the explosion box 120 to make the premixed gas non-uniformly distributed.

[0048] (5) adjusting the output voltage and ignition time of the igniter 210, igniting the combustible mixture in the squib 110 through the spark plug 230, visualizing the deflagration flame or detonation wave in the squib 110 through the optical schlieren system, and recording the pressure waveform of the deflagration flame or detonation wave passing through through the data acquisition system 300.

[0049] In addition, the present invention provides a hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental method, which uses the above-mentioned hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device, and comprises: S1, introducing a certain amount of premixed gas into the shell; S2. Set disturbance factors that affect combustion and explosion; S3, detonating the premixed gas and obtaining combustion and explosion data; Wherein, the disturbance factor includes setting the premixed gas temperature.

[0050] Based on the above embodiment, the disturbance factor also includes uneven distribution of the premixed gas in the shell.

[0051] It is understandable that by adjusting the temperature of the premixed gas and the distribution of the premixed gas in the explosion tube before the premixed gas is detonated, the explosion characteristics under low temperature conditions and with non-uniform distribution of the premixed gas can be studied.

[0052] In order to better understand the present invention, the following Figures 1 to 3 The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail: First, the premixed gas is introduced into the explosion box 120 through the gas distribution system 400, and liquid nitrogen is introduced into the interlayer space (not shown in the figure) through the introduction port 123, so that the explosion box 120 can be cooled by liquid nitrogen, and then the premixed gas is cooled, so that the cooled premixed gas is introduced into the explosion tube 110. Nitrogen is introduced into the explosion box 120 through the gas distribution plate 450, thereby affecting the distribution state of the premixed gas. Then, the premixed gas in the explosion tube 110 is ignited by the ignition system 200. Since the signal regulator 320 is respectively connected to the data acquisition instrument 310, the second pressure sensors 330 and the first pressure sensors 340, the signal regulator 320 is used to adjust the signal transmitted by the second pressure sensor 330, and transmit the adjusted signal to the data acquisition instrument 310, so that the data acquisition instrument 310 can obtain the pressure information of each place in the explosion tube 110 and each place in the explosion box 120 during the explosion process. By using the above hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device, the premixed gas can be cooled before detonating, so that the combustion and explosion characteristics of the premixed gas under low temperature environment and non-uniform distribution conditions can be studied.

[0053] The specific implementation of the present invention described above does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen explosion experimental device, characterized in that: include: case; A gas distribution system, which is used to introduce premixed gas into the shell; an ignition system, used to ignite the premixed gas in the housing; A data acquisition system, which is used to detect combustion and explosion data in the shell; as well as The cooling system is used to cool the shell.

2. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a combustion and explosion box, and the gas distribution system includes a gas distribution plate, a vacuum pump, a hydrogen tank and an air tank. The gas distribution plate is connected to the vacuum pump, the hydrogen tank, the air tank and the combustion and explosion box respectively, and the gas distribution plate can control the connection and disconnection between the vacuum pump, the hydrogen tank, the air tank and the combustion and explosion box.

3. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The explosion box has a plurality of air inlets, which are arranged along the circumference of the explosion box. The gas distribution system also includes a gas distribution plate and a nitrogen tank. The gas distribution plate is respectively connected to the nitrogen tank and the gas distribution plate to control the connection and disconnection between the nitrogen tank and the gas distribution plate. The gas distribution plate introduces nitrogen into the plurality of air inlets respectively.

4. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The explosion box has an interlayer space in its wall, and the explosion box has an inlet connected to the interlayer space. The cooling system introduces liquid nitrogen through the inlet to cool the explosion box.

5. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a data acquisition instrument, a signal regulator and a plurality of first pressure sensors. The plurality of first pressure sensors are arranged in the combustion and explosion box along the axial direction of the combustion and explosion box. The signal regulator is communicatively connected with the data acquisition instrument and the plurality of first pressure sensors respectively. The signal regulator is used to adjust the signal transmitted by the first pressure sensor and transmit the adjusted signal to the data acquisition instrument.

6. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shell includes a combustion and explosion tube, which is detachably connected to the combustion and explosion box. The data acquisition system also includes a plurality of second pressure sensors, which are installed on the combustion and explosion tube along the length direction of the combustion and explosion tube, and the plurality of second pressure sensors are all communicatively connected to the signal regulator, and the signal regulator transmits the regulated signal to the data acquisition instrument.

7. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ignition system comprises an igniter, a bursting disc and a spark plug. The spark plug is installed at one end of the combustion tube away from the combustion box, the bursting disc is installed at one end of the combustion tube close to the combustion box, and the igniter is electrically connected to the spark plug and the bursting disc respectively.

8. The hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ignition system comprises an igniter and a spark plug, wherein the spark plug is installed in the explosion box, and the igniter is electrically connected to the spark plug.

9. A hydrogen explosion test method, characterized in that: It is applied to the hydrogen combustion and explosion experimental device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises: S1, introducing a certain amount of premixed gas into the shell; S2. Set disturbance factors that affect combustion and explosion; S3, detonating the premixed gas and obtaining combustion and explosion data; Wherein, the disturbance factor includes setting the premixed gas temperature.

10. The hydrogen explosion test method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The disturbance factors also include uneven distribution of the premixed gas within the housing.

Images