Rapid water quality analysis system and method based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring, and discloses a rapid water quality analysis system and method based on microfluidics and wet chemistry detection.The analysis system comprises a control module and a plurality of micro-fluidic chip modules connected to the lower end of the control module in an inserted and embedded mode; a reaction unit, a detection unit and an introduction unit; the control module comprises a chip identification unit and a control unit; after the sampling unit samples, when the micro-fluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the introduction unit introduces a detection reagent into the reaction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with a sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit; meanwhile, the chip identification unit identifies the type of the micro-fluidic chip module, and controls the detection unit to detect the sewage according to preset detection parameters of the type of the micro-fluidic chip module; the rapid mixing and reaction of the sewage sample liquid and the detection reagent are realized, the consumption of the chemical reagent is obviously reduced due to the miniaturization of the micro-fluidic chip module, the generation of waste liquid is reduced, and the secondary pollution of chemical components in the waste liquid to the environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water quality monitoring, and in particular to a rapid water quality analysis system and method based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and the increase in population density, water pollution is becoming increasingly serious, and the need for water quality monitoring is becoming more urgent.

[0003] Traditional water quality monitoring methods usually rely on complex chemical reagents and cumbersome operating procedures. At present, both laboratory water quality monitoring equipment and existing online monitoring equipment use a large amount of sewage sample liquid when testing water quality, so a large amount of chemical reagents are required; and after the sample and chemical reagent react, a large amount of detection waste liquid will be generated. The detection waste liquid contains a large number of chemical components, and improper treatment will cause secondary pollution; and the laboratory water quality monitoring equipment system has a low degree of automation, cumbersome operation, and is greatly affected by operator factors; and the existing online monitoring equipment has a complex pump and valve structure, high power consumption, large size, and long detection time, etc., and the monthly regular operation and maintenance is very complicated.

[0004] The application of existing technologies in the industry urgently needs to reduce the consumption of chemical reagents, so that the monitoring equipment can be miniaturized, the detection efficiency can be improved, and the operation and maintenance can be convenient. Microfluidic technology, as an emerging microsystem technology, has shown broad application prospects in the fields of biomedicine and chemical analysis with its miniaturization, integration, high throughput, and low consumption. Microfluidic chips can achieve precise control and analysis of trace fluids through components such as micro-nanoscale channels and micropumps. To this end, the present invention proposes a rapid water quality analysis system and method based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection for water quality detection of sewage, reducing the generation of waste liquid and avoiding secondary damage to the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rapid water quality analysis system and method based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection to solve the following technical problems:

[0006] How to use microfluidics technology to test water quality, reduce the generation of waste liquid, and avoid secondary pollution to the environment.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A water quality rapid analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection, the analysis system comprises a control module and a plurality of microfluidics chip modules inserted and connected to the lower end of the control module:

[0009] The microfluidic chip module includes a sampling unit, a reaction unit, a detection unit and an introduction unit;

[0010] The sampling unit is used to sample the sewage and add it to the reaction unit;

[0011] The introduction unit is used to introduce the detection reagent into the reaction unit when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module;

[0012] The detection unit is arranged in the reaction unit and is used to detect the sewage in the reaction unit;

[0013] The control module includes a chip identification unit and a control unit; the chip identification unit is used to identify the type of the microfluidic chip module; the control unit is used to control the detection unit to detect sewage according to preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the reaction unit includes a reaction chamber, which is arranged inside the chip;

[0015] The sampling unit comprises a sampling port opened in the reaction chamber.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the introduction unit comprises:

[0017] The reagent chamber is arranged inside the microfluidic chip module and located above the reaction chamber;

[0018] A first channel is provided between the reagent chamber and the reaction chamber, one end of the first channel is connected to the reagent chamber, and the other end of the first channel is connected to the reaction chamber;

[0019] An anti-corrosion film is fixedly arranged between the reagent chamber and the first channel;

[0020] An air cushion is arranged at the upper end of the microfluidic chip module and is located above the reagent chamber;

[0021] The second channel is arranged between the air cushion and the reagent chamber, one end of the second channel is connected to the reagent chamber, and the other end of the second channel is communicated with the air cushion.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the microfluidic chip module also includes a heating unit for heating the reaction chamber.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: a buffer chamber is arranged above the reaction chamber; the reaction chamber and the buffer chamber are connected; and a hydrophilic membrane is arranged between the reaction chamber and the buffer chamber.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: the control module further comprises a driving unit for compressing the air cushion when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module.

[0025] A rapid water quality analysis method based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection, the rapid water quality analysis method comprising:

[0026] S1: Sampling the sewage through the sampling unit and adding the sewage sample liquid into the reaction unit;

[0027] S2: Open the control module and insert the microfluidic chip module into the control module;

[0028] S3: When the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the detection reagent is introduced into the reaction unit through the introduction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit;

[0029] S4: Identify the inserted microfluidic chip module through the chip identification unit to identify the type of the microfluidic chip module;

[0030] S5: Controlling the detection unit to detect the sewage and obtain the detection results according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type through the control unit.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention: in step S3, the microfluidic chip module is kept in a vertical state and inserted into the chip insertion position from below the control module.

[0032] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0033] (1) The present invention samples sewage through a sampling unit and adds the sewage sample liquid into a reaction unit; when the control module is opened and the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the introduction unit introduces the detection reagent into the reaction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit; at the same time, the chip recognition unit identifies the inserted microfluidic chip module, and after identifying the type of the microfluidic chip module, controls the detection unit to detect the sewage according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type; through the miniaturized design of the microfluidic chip module, the rapid mixing and reaction of the water sample and the detection reagent is achieved, which greatly shortens the detection time and improves the detection efficiency; by integrating the sampling unit, the reaction unit, the detection unit and the introduction unit, the operation steps are reduced, and the user can easily operate without complex chemical knowledge, which reduces the difficulty of operation and improves the ease of use of the system; and the amount of chemical reagents consumed during use is significantly reduced, while reducing the generation of waste liquid, avoiding secondary pollution to the environment; the high throughput and low consumption characteristics of the microfluidic chip reduce interference factors in the detection process and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the detection;

[0034] (2) The reagent chamber of the present invention stores a detection reagent. When the microfluidic chip module is not inserted into the control module, the anti-corrosion film isolates the reagent chamber from the first channel, and the detection reagent cannot enter the first channel; the sewage sample in the reaction chamber cannot contact the detection reagent; the detection reagent cannot flow out of the microfluidic chip module due to the air cushion above the second channel; the microfluidic chip module is kept in a vertical state and inserted from the lower end of the control module. After the upper end of the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the control module squeezes the air cushion, and the air cushion squeezes in the direction of the second channel. The air pressure in the second channel and the reagent chamber increases, so that the anti-corrosion film under the reagent chamber is broken, and the detection reagent enters the reaction chamber through the broken anti-corrosion film and the first channel, and mixes with the sewage sample in the reaction chamber to form a detection sample liquid; at the same time, the chip recognition unit recognizes the inserted microfluidic chip module, and after identifying the type of the microfluidic chip module, controls the detection unit to detect the sewage according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type;

[0035] (3) When the microfluidic chip module of the present invention is not inserted into the control module, the heating unit does not work, the sewage sample liquid in the reaction chamber is not heated, and cannot pass through the hydrophilic membrane to enter the buffer chamber. After the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the control unit starts the heating unit. The heating unit heats the reaction chamber to accelerate the reaction speed of the sewage sample liquid and the detection reagent in the reaction chamber. During the reaction, water vapor is generated in the heated sewage sample liquid and the detection reagent. The water vapor has a high temperature and passes through the hydrophilic membrane to enter the buffer chamber, thereby preventing the water vapor from causing excessive pressure in the reaction chamber and preventing the detection sample liquid in the reaction chamber from flowing back to the reagent chamber, so that the detection unit can detect the detection sample liquid in the reaction chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 A system module framework diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a microfluidic chip module according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 The present invention is a method flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Description of the drawings: 1. First channel; 2. Air cushion; 3. Reagent chamber; 4. Buffer chamber; 5. Reaction chamber; 6. Hydrophilic membrane; 7. Inlet; 8. Anticorrosive membrane; 9. Second channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] See also Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a water quality rapid analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection is provided, including a control module and a plurality of microfluidic chip modules inserted and connected at the lower end of the control module:

[0043] The microfluidic chip module includes a sampling unit, a reaction unit, a detection unit and an introduction unit;

[0044] The sampling unit is used to sample the sewage and add it to the reaction unit;

[0045] The introduction unit is used to introduce the detection reagent into the reaction unit when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module;

[0046] The detection unit is arranged in the reaction unit and is used to detect the sewage in the reaction unit;

[0047] The control module includes a chip identification unit and a control unit; the chip identification unit is used to identify the type of the microfluidic chip module; the control unit is used to control the detection unit to detect sewage according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type;

[0048] Through the above technical scheme, this embodiment samples sewage through the sampling unit, and adds the sewage sample liquid into the reaction unit; when the control module is opened and the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the introduction unit introduces the detection reagent into the reaction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit; at the same time, the chip recognition unit identifies the inserted microfluidic chip module, and after identifying the type of the microfluidic chip module, the detection unit is controlled to detect the sewage according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type; specifically, the chip type is automatically identified by the sensing system on the chip, and each chip type detects different water quality indicators, and the water quality indicators include chemical oxygen demand, TP, TN, ammonia nitrogen, etc.; when the detection module detects different indicators of the sewage sample liquid, it needs to use light of different bands, and the preset The detection parameters include preset bands, so the control module controls the light of the preset band of the detection module to detect the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit according to the type of the microfluidic chip module; through the miniaturized design of the microfluidic chip module, rapid mixing and reaction of water samples and detection reagents are achieved, which greatly shortens the detection time and improves the detection efficiency; the operation steps are reduced by integrating the sampling unit, reaction unit, detection unit and introduction unit, and users can easily operate without complex chemical knowledge, which reduces the difficulty of operation and improves the ease of use of the system; and the amount of chemical reagents consumed during use is significantly reduced, while reducing the generation of waste liquid and avoiding secondary pollution to the environment; the high throughput and low consumption characteristics of the microfluidic chip reduce interference factors in the detection process and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the detection.

[0049] As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the reaction unit includes a reaction chamber 5, which is arranged inside the chip;

[0050] The sampling unit includes a sampling port 7 opened in the reaction chamber 5;

[0051] Through the above technical scheme, the sampling port 7 of this embodiment is connected to the external sampling tube, and a control valve is arranged between the sampling port 7 and the sampling tube. When sampling, the control valve is opened, and after the sampling tube delivers the sewage sample liquid into the reaction chamber 5 through the sampling port 7, the control valve is closed to prevent the sewage sample liquid from flowing out of the reaction chamber 5.

[0052] As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the import unit includes:

[0053] The reagent chamber 3 is arranged inside the microfluidic chip module and located above the reaction chamber 5;

[0054] A first channel 1 is provided between the reagent chamber 3 and the reaction chamber 5, wherein one end of the first channel 1 is connected to the reagent chamber 3, and the other end of the first channel 1 is connected to the reaction chamber 5;

[0055] An anti-corrosion film 8 is fixedly disposed between the reagent chamber 3 and the first channel 1;

[0056] The air cushion 2 is arranged at the upper end of the microfluidic chip module and is located above the reagent chamber 3;

[0057] A second channel 9 is provided between the air cushion 2 and the reagent chamber 3, one end of the second channel 9 is connected to the reagent chamber 3, and the other end of the second channel 9 is communicated with the air cushion 2;

[0058] Through the above technical scheme, the detection reagent is stored in the reagent chamber 3 of this embodiment. When the microfluidic chip module is not inserted into the control module, the anti-corrosion film 8 isolates the reagent chamber 3 from the first channel 1, and the detection reagent cannot enter the first channel 1; the sewage sample liquid in the reaction chamber 5 cannot contact the detection reagent; the detection reagent cannot flow out of the microfluidic chip module due to the air cushion 2 above the second channel 9; the microfluidic chip module is kept in a vertical state and inserted from the lower end of the control module. After the upper end of the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the control module squeezes the air cushion 2, and the air cushion 2 squeezes in the direction of the second channel 9, and the air pressure in the second channel 9 and the reagent chamber 3 increases, so that the anti-corrosion film 8 below the reagent chamber 3 is broken, and the detection reagent enters the reaction chamber 5 through the broken anti-corrosion film 8 and the first channel 1, and mixes with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction chamber 5 to form a detection sample liquid; at the same time, the chip recognition unit identifies the inserted microfluidic chip module, and after identifying the type of the microfluidic chip module, the detection unit is controlled to detect the sewage according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type.

[0059] As an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the microfluidic chip module further includes a heating unit connected to the control unit for heating the reaction chamber 5; a buffer chamber 4 is provided above the reaction chamber 5; the reaction chamber 5 and the buffer chamber 4 are in communication; a hydrophilic membrane 6 is provided between the reaction chamber 5 and the buffer chamber 4;

[0060] Through the above technical scheme, when the microfluidic chip module of this embodiment is not inserted into the control module, the heating unit does not work, the sewage sample liquid in the reaction chamber 5 is not heated, and cannot enter the buffer chamber 4 through the hydrophilic membrane 6. After the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the control unit starts the heating unit. The heating unit heats the reaction chamber 5 to accelerate the reaction speed of the sewage sample liquid and the detection reagent in the reaction chamber 5. During the reaction, water vapor will be generated in the heated sewage sample liquid and the detection reagent. The water vapor has a high temperature and passes through the hydrophilic membrane 6 to enter the buffer chamber 4, preventing the water vapor from causing excessive pressure in the reaction chamber 5 and preventing the detection sample liquid in the reaction chamber 5 from flowing back to the reagent chamber 3, so that the detection unit can detect the detection sample liquid in the reaction chamber 5.

[0061] As an embodiment of the present invention, the control module further comprises a driving unit for pressing the air cushion 2 when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module.

[0062] Through the above technical solution, in this embodiment, the driving unit squeezes the air cushion 2 to rupture the anti-corrosion film 8 below the reagent chamber 3, and the detection reagent enters the reaction chamber 5 through the ruptured anti-corrosion film 8 and the first channel 1.

[0063] As an embodiment of the present invention, the analysis system further includes an evaluation module; the evaluation module includes:

[0064] A data acquisition unit, including a liquid flow meter arranged at the lower end of the first channel 1 and a pressure sensor at the bottom of the driving unit, for collecting the real-time liquid flow rate of the first channel 1 and the real-time pressure value of the bottom of the driving unit;

[0065] An analysis unit, used to analyze the real-time liquid flow rate and the real-time pressure value, and determine whether the driving unit needs to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2 according to the analysis result;

[0066] As an embodiment of the present invention, the process of determining whether the driving unit needs to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2 includes the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] Calculate the judgment index P;

[0069] Wherein, f(X) is a judgment function, when X>0, f(X)=X; when X≤0, f(X)=0; G0 is the preset amount of reagent in reagent chamber 3; t s is the time when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion; Δt is the preset duration; G s (t) is the real-time liquid flow rate curve over time; S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the first channel 1; W0 is the time t when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion s The allowable error within the preset time Δt;

[0070] Through the above technical solution, this embodiment The time t when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion s The amount of reagent that actually enters the reaction chamber 5 through the first channel 1 within the preset time Δt; The time t is the preset amount of reagent in the reagent chamber 3 and the time when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion s an absolute value of a first difference in the amount of reagent that actually enters the reaction chamber 5 through the first channel 1 within a preset time period Δt; is the absolute value of the first difference and the time t when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion sThe difference in the allowable error amount within the preset time length Δt; Here, X in the judgment function f(X) refers to when When t is exceeded, it means that the absolute value of the first difference exceeds the time t when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion. s The allowable error within the preset time length Δt after that indicates that the amount of reagent flowing into the reaction chamber 5 is too small and there is an abnormality; therefore, the judgment index P>1; and the greater the absolute value of the first difference, the greater the judgment index P; when , indicating that the absolute value of the first difference is at the time t when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion s The error is within the preset time Δt, indicating that the amount of reagent flowing into the reaction chamber 5 is normal. Therefore, the judgment index P=1;

[0071] It should be noted that the preset reagent volume G0 of the reagent chamber 3, the preset time length Δt, the cross-sectional area S of the first channel 1 and the time t when the driving unit starts to squeeze the air cushion s The allowable error W0 within the preset time Δt is a preset value, which is obtained based on experience. The time t when the drive unit starts to squeeze the air cushion s The pressure is obtained through the pressure sensor at the bottom of the drive unit, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] As an implementation manner of the present invention, the process of determining whether the driving unit needs to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2 further includes:

[0073] When P=1, there is no abnormality, and the drive unit does not need to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2.

[0074] When P>1 and When , the driving unit increases the squeezing force on the air cushion 2;

[0075] When P>1 and When the drive unit does not need to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2, an abnormal warning is sent;

[0076] Among them, F s is the real-time pressure value on the bottom of the drive unit; F0 is the preset pressure value; R is the preset value and 2>R>1;

[0077] Through the above technical solution, in this embodiment, when P=1, there is no abnormality, and the driving unit does not need to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2; is the ratio of the real-time pressure value on the bottom of the drive unit to the preset pressure value; when P>1 and When 2>R>1, it means that the real-time pressure value on the bottom of the drive unit is much greater than the preset pressure value; and at this time, the amount of reagent entering the reaction chamber 5 is still small, indicating that there is an abnormality in the reagent chamber 3 or the first channel 1, and the drive unit does not need to increase the squeezing force on the air cushion 2; send an abnormal warning; replace the chip; when P>1 and When , it indicates that the real-time pressure value on the bottom of the driving unit is less than or slightly greater than the preset pressure value; the driving unit can increase the amount of reagent in the reaction chamber 5 by increasing the squeezing force on the air cushion 2; ensuring that there is enough reagent in the reaction chamber 5 to detect the sewage sample liquid;

[0078] It should be noted that the preset pressure value F0 and the preset value R are preset values, which are obtained based on experience and will not be described in detail here.

[0079] A rapid water quality analysis method based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, the water quality rapid analysis method comprises:

[0080] S1: Sampling the sewage through the sampling unit and adding the sewage sample liquid into the reaction unit;

[0081] S2: Open the control module and insert the microfluidic chip module into the control module;

[0082] S3: When the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the detection reagent is introduced into the reaction unit through the introduction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit;

[0083] S4: Identify the inserted microfluidic chip module through the chip identification unit to identify the type of the microfluidic chip module;

[0084] S5: Controlling the detection unit to detect the sewage and obtain the detection results according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type through the control unit.

[0085] Through the above technical scheme, this embodiment first samples the sewage through the sampling unit, and adds the sewage sample liquid into the reaction unit; then the control module is opened, and the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module; when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the microfluidic chip module is kept in a vertical state and inserted into the chip plug-in from the bottom of the control module, and the control module squeezes the introduction unit to introduce the detection reagent into the reaction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit; then the inserted microfluidic chip module is identified by the chip identification unit, and the type of the microfluidic chip module is identified; finally, the detection unit is controlled by the control unit according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type. To detect sewage and obtain test results, the miniaturized design of the microfluidic chip module enables rapid mixing and reaction of water samples and detection reagents, greatly shortening the detection time and improving the detection efficiency. The integration of the sampling unit, reaction unit, detection unit and introduction unit reduces the number of operation steps, and users can easily operate without complex chemical knowledge, which reduces the difficulty of operation and improves the usability of the system. The amount of chemical reagents consumed during use is significantly reduced, and the generation of waste liquid is reduced, avoiding secondary pollution to the environment. The high throughput and low consumption characteristics of the microfluidic chip reduce interference factors in the detection process and improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the detection.

[0086] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention, but the content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and cannot be considered to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection, characterized in that: The analysis system includes a control module and a plurality of microfluidic chip modules inserted and connected to the lower end of the control module: The microfluidic chip module includes a sampling unit, a reaction unit, a detection unit and an introduction unit; The sampling unit is used to sample the sewage and add it to the reaction unit; The introduction unit is used to introduce the detection reagent into the reaction unit when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module; The detection unit is arranged in the reaction unit and is used to detect the sewage in the reaction unit; The control module includes a chip identification unit and a control unit; the chip identification unit is used to identify the type of the microfluidic chip module; the control unit is used to control the detection unit to detect sewage according to preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type.

2. A rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction unit comprises a reaction chamber (5) which is arranged inside the chip; The sampling unit comprises a sampling port (7) opened in the reaction chamber (5).

3. A rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The introduction unit comprises: A reagent chamber (3) is arranged inside the microfluidic chip module and located above the reaction chamber (5); A first channel (1) is arranged between the reagent chamber (3) and the reaction chamber (5), one end of the first channel (1) is connected to the reagent chamber (3), and the other end of the first channel (1) is connected to the reaction chamber (5); An anti-corrosion film (8) is fixedly arranged between the reagent chamber (3) and the first channel (1); An air cushion (2) is arranged at the upper end of the microfluidic chip module and is located above the reagent chamber (3); The second channel (9) is arranged between the air cushion (2) and the reagent chamber (3), one end of the second channel (9) is connected to the reagent chamber (3), and the other end of the second channel (9) is communicated with the air cushion (2).

4. A rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microfluidic chip module also includes a heating unit for heating the reaction chamber (5).

5. A rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection according to claim 4, characterized in that: A buffer chamber (4) is arranged above the reaction chamber (5); the reaction chamber (5) and the buffer chamber (4) are in communication; and a hydrophilic membrane (6) is arranged between the reaction chamber (5) and the buffer chamber (4).

6. A rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control module also includes a driving unit, which is used to compress the air cushion (2) when the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module.

7. A method for rapid water quality analysis based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection, applicable to a rapid water quality analysis system based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The water quality rapid analysis method comprises: S1: Sampling the sewage through the sampling unit and adding the sewage sample liquid into the reaction unit; S2: Open the control module and insert the microfluidic chip module into the control module; S3: When the microfluidic chip module is inserted into the control module, the detection reagent is introduced into the reaction unit through the introduction unit, and the detection reagent reacts with the sewage sample liquid in the reaction unit; S4: Identify the inserted microfluidic chip module through the chip identification unit to identify the type of the microfluidic chip module; S5: Controlling the detection unit to detect the sewage and obtain the detection results according to the preset detection parameters of the microfluidic chip module type through the control unit.

8. A method for rapid water quality analysis based on microfluidics and wet chemical detection according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the microfluidic chip module is kept in a vertical state and inserted into the chip insertion position from below the control module.

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