Economical broadband transmitting array system

Abstract

The invention provides an economical broadband transmitting array system, comprising a full array frequency band antenna unit, a power divider module 1, a power divider module 2, a radio frequency transmitting module and a power supply module. The full array frequency band antenna unit comprises a plurality of first antenna units, a plurality of second antenna units and a plurality of third antenna units. The first antenna unit is arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a high-frequency excitation unit. The second antenna unit surrounds or semi-surrounds the first antenna unit. The third antenna unit surrounds or semi-surrounds the second antenna unit. The radio frequency transmitting module is used to directly feed the first antenna unit and feed the second antenna unit through the power divider module 1. The invention can realize the same equivalent radiation aperture of the antenna in a wider frequency band and realize antenna radiation with equal beam width. At the same time, the feeding power of the peripheral antenna unit is reduced, so that the full-band equivalent radiation power is realized more economically.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an economical broadband transmitting array system, belonging to the technical field of broadband transmitting array systems. Background Art

[0002] With the development of radar, countermeasures and communication technology, the demand for broadband power transmission systems is increasing. Among them, the design and layout of the antenna array is the key because it directly affects the transmission quality and efficiency of the signal of the broadband power transmission system. In addition, power amplification technology is also crucial because it determines the output power and efficiency of the system. Finally, the system design field needs to consider how to optimize the performance and cost of the system to achieve the best economic benefits.

[0003] In the existing technology, the physical aperture or equivalent physical aperture of the antenna is usually determined. The beam width of the antenna varies greatly under a wider bandwidth. If it is an octave antenna bandwidth, the beam width ratio of the low frequency and high frequency is at least greater than 2 times, and the high frequency gain is at least greater than 6dB than the low frequency gain. However, under the same aperture, the beam width of the antenna decreases linearly with the increase of frequency. The system requires the beam width under broadband to meet certain irradiation range requirements, that is, the beam width is greater than a certain angle, and the high frequency beam width meets the upper limit of the system irradiation requirements. The low frequency beam width is greater than the high frequency beam width, which can meet the system irradiation range requirements, but at the same time brings about the problem of low low frequency gain and difficulty in achieving equivalent radiated power. In this way, the power of the RF transmission module required for low frequency is very large, and the existing RF modules are far from meeting the required RF power requirements. Usually, the output power of each RF transmission module is a certain value in the entire frequency band, which meets the system's required broadband irradiation range requirements. The output power margin of the RF transmission module required in the high frequency band is large, and this margin will be larger as the system bandwidth increases. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an economical broadband transmitting array system to solve the problems existing in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously achieve equal beam width and equivalent radiation power due to low low-frequency gain, and the economy needs to be improved.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] An economical broadband transmitting array system includes a full array frequency band antenna unit, a power divider module 1, a power divider module 2, a radio frequency transmitting module and a power supply module.

[0007] Full array frequency band antenna unit: including a plurality of first antenna units, a plurality of second antenna units and a plurality of third antenna units, the first antenna units are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a high-frequency excitation unit, the second antenna units surround or semi-enclose the first antenna unit, the second antenna units and the first antenna units are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a medium-frequency excitation unit, the third antenna unit surrounds or semi-encloses the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a low-frequency excitation unit, and the excitation power of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit decreases in a gradient manner;

[0008] Power distributor module 1: used to connect the RF transmission module with more than two second antenna units, and equally distribute the RF energy of the RF transmission module to the second antenna units;

[0009] Power distributor module 2: used to connect the RF transmission module with more than two third antenna units, and equally distribute the RF energy of the RF transmission module to the third antenna units;

[0010] RF transmitting module: used to directly feed the first antenna unit, feed the second antenna unit through the power divider module one, and feed the third antenna unit through the power divider module two;

[0011] Power module: used to supply power to the RF transmitter module.

[0012] Furthermore, by adjusting the number of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit, the physical aperture or equivalent physical aperture of the full-array frequency-band antenna unit is adjusted, thereby achieving equal beam width.

[0013] Furthermore, the working bandwidth of the full-array frequency-band antenna unit is divided into three segments: a high frequency band, a medium frequency band and a low frequency band.

[0014] Furthermore, in the full-array frequency-band antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are all excited at a low frequency in the low frequency band; the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are excited at an intermediate frequency in the intermediate frequency band, and the third antenna unit is not excited; and the first antenna unit is excited at a high frequency in the high frequency band, and the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are not excited.

[0015] Furthermore, in the full-array frequency-band antenna unit, the difference between the ratio of the highest frequency to the lowest frequency in each segment of the high frequency band, the medium frequency band and the low frequency band is not greater than the set threshold.

[0016] Furthermore, in the full array frequency-band antenna units, the spacing of the first antenna units, the spacing of the second antenna units, and the spacing of the third antenna units are all the same.

[0017] Furthermore, in the full-array frequency-band antenna unit, the number of antenna units in each row of the high-frequency excitation unit, the medium-frequency excitation unit, and the low-frequency excitation unit is calculated according to the working bandwidth, the antenna beam width index, and the free space wavelength of the highest frequency of each frequency band in the high frequency band, the medium frequency band, and the low frequency band:

[0018] ,

[0019] Among them, N is the number of antenna units in each row in the high-frequency excitation unit, the medium-frequency excitation unit or the low-frequency excitation unit, and N is an integer, λ is the free space wavelength of the highest frequency in each of the high-frequency band, the medium-frequency band or the low-frequency band, d is the spacing of the first antenna unit, and θ is the antenna beam width indicator.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the economical broadband transmitting array system can achieve the required equivalent radiation power by setting up a full array frequency band antenna unit and adopting an economical feeding method with large internal feeding power and small edge feeding power. The system can achieve the same equivalent radiation aperture of the antenna in a wider frequency band, achieve antenna radiation with equal beam width, and at the same time reduce the feeding power of the peripheral antenna unit, so as to achieve full-band equivalent radiation power more economically. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining an economical broadband transmitting array system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a full array frequency band antenna unit, a power divider module 1 and a power divider module 2 in an embodiment;

[0023] Figure 3 is a 1-1.3 GHz directional pattern in which low-frequency array excitation is performed on the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit in the embodiment;

[0024] Figure 4 In the embodiment, only the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are excited by the intermediate frequency array at a frequency of 1.3-1.6 GHz.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a 1.6-2 GHz directional pattern in which only the first antenna unit is excited by the high frequency array in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the 1-2GHz directivity pattern of the full array band antenna unit exciting the full array surface;

[0027] Among them: 1-power distributor module one, 2-power distributor module two, 3-high frequency excitation unit, 4-intermediate frequency excitation unit, 5-low frequency excitation unit, 6-first antenna unit, 7-second antenna unit, 8-third antenna unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The embodiment provides an economical broadband transmitting array system, including a full array frequency band antenna unit, a power divider module 1, a power divider module 2, a radio frequency transmitting module and a power supply module. Figure 1 and Figure 2 :

[0030] Full array frequency band antenna unit: including a plurality of first antenna units 6, a plurality of second antenna units 7 and a plurality of third antenna units 8, wherein the first antenna units 6 are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a high-frequency excitation unit 3, the second antenna units 7 surround or semi-enclose the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the first antenna unit 6 are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form an intermediate frequency excitation unit 4, the third antenna unit 8 surrounds or semi-encloses the second antenna unit 7, the third antenna unit 8, the second antenna unit 7 and the first antenna unit 6 are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a low-frequency excitation unit 5, and the excitation powers of the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 decrease in a gradient manner;

[0031] Power distributor module 1: used to realize the connection between the radio frequency transmission module and more than two second antenna units 7, and equally distribute the radio frequency energy of the radio frequency transmission module to the second antenna units 7;

[0032] Power distributor module 2: used to realize the connection between the radio frequency transmission module and more than two third antenna units 8, and equally distribute the radio frequency energy of the radio frequency transmission module to the third antenna units 8;

[0033] RF transmission module: used to directly feed the first antenna unit 6, feed the second antenna unit 7 through the power divider module 1, and feed the third antenna unit 8 through the power divider module 2;

[0034] The number and connection mode of the RF transmission modules are determined by the number and layout of the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 in the full array frequency band antenna unit. The RF transmission modules connected to the first antenna unit 6 and the power divider module 1 and the power divider module 2 are all of the same technical specifications. By equally dividing the RF energy of the RF transmission module to several second antenna units 7 and the third antenna unit 8 through the power divider module 1 and the power divider module 2, the RF transmission power can be reduced and the equivalent radiated power can be achieved economically.

[0035] Power module: used to supply power to the RF transmitter module.

[0036] This economical broadband transmitting array system can achieve the required equivalent radiated power by setting up a full array frequency band antenna unit and adopting an economical feeding method with large internal feeding power and small edge power. The system can achieve the same equivalent radiation aperture of the antenna in a wider frequency band and realize antenna radiation with equal beam width. At the same time, the feeding power of the peripheral antenna unit is reduced, and the full-band equivalent radiated power is achieved more economically.

[0037] This economical broadband transmitting array system adjusts the physical aperture or equivalent physical aperture of the full-array frequency-band antenna units by adjusting the number of the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 to achieve equal beam width, which can ensure that the beam width of the antenna is close to the specified beam width and can meet the requirements of the broadband transmitting system for the illumination range and equivalent radiated power.

[0038] The full array frequency band antenna units are arranged in order according to different frequencies, with the high frequency excitation unit 3 in the center, the medium frequency excitation unit 4 extending outward to the middle circle, and the low frequency excitation unit 5 extending to the outermost circle, that is, the full array frequency band antenna unit is excited. The working bandwidth of the full array frequency band antenna unit is divided into three segments: high frequency band, medium frequency band and low frequency band. In the low frequency band, the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 are all excited at low frequency; in the medium frequency band, the first antenna unit 6 and the second antenna unit 7 are excited at medium frequency, and the third antenna unit 8 is not excited; in the high frequency band, the first antenna unit 6 is excited at high frequency, and the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 are not excited. The first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 are excited or not excited in the high, medium and low frequency bands respectively, which are controlled by the RF transmission module. The excitation state is the direct excitation of the RF transmission module, and the non-excitation state is the large attenuation state of the RF transmission module.

[0039] In this economical broadband transmitting array system, in the full array frequency band antenna unit, the ratio of the highest frequency to the lowest frequency in each segment of the high frequency band, the medium frequency band and the low frequency band is not greater than a set threshold value such as 0.1, and the working bandwidth is roughly divided into equal parts. The spacing of the first antenna unit 6, the spacing of the second antenna unit 7 and the spacing of the third antenna unit 8 are all the same.

[0040] According to the working bandwidth and antenna beam width indicators, the number of antenna units in each row of the high-frequency excitation unit 3, the intermediate-frequency excitation unit 4, and the low-frequency excitation unit 5 is calculated respectively:

[0041] ,

[0042] Wherein, N is the number of antenna units in each row of the high-frequency excitation unit 3, the intermediate-frequency excitation unit 4 or the low-frequency excitation unit 5, and N is an integer, λ is the free space wavelength of the highest frequency of each frequency band in the high-frequency band, the intermediate-frequency band and the low-frequency band, and d is the spacing of the first antenna unit 6. θ is the antenna beam width index, and the number of antenna units in a certain dimension of the high-frequency excitation unit 3 can be determined by the antenna beam width index θ. Similarly, the number of antenna units in a certain dimension of the intermediate-frequency excitation unit 4 can be determined, and the difference between the number of antenna units in a certain dimension of the intermediate-frequency excitation unit 4 and the number of antenna units in a certain dimension of the high-frequency excitation unit 3 is the number of antenna units that expand outward by one or two circles, that is, the extended second antenna unit 7. Similarly, the number of antenna units in a certain dimension of the low-frequency excitation unit 5 can be determined, and the difference between the number of antenna units in a certain dimension of the intermediate-frequency excitation unit 4 and the number of antenna units that expand outward by one or two circles, that is, the extended third antenna unit 8.

[0043] In this economical broadband transmitting array system, the RF transmitting module corresponds to a first antenna unit 6 through each RF transmitting module, and is connected to two or more adjacent or non-adjacent second antenna units 7 in the intermediate frequency excitation unit 4 through a power divider module 1, and is connected to two or more adjacent or non-adjacent third antenna units 8 in the low frequency excitation unit 5 through a power divider module 2. The excitation power of the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 decreases from the inside to the outside in a gradient manner, so that the output power of the power amplifier of several outer circles is appropriately reduced, the power of the RF transmitting module can be better utilized, and the application of the economical broadband power transmitting system is realized to a certain extent, and the equivalent radiated power in the entire frequency band can be met. The requirements that the antenna gain is a certain value, and the physical aperture of the antenna or the equivalent physical aperture gradually increases with the decrease of the frequency.

[0044] The economical broadband transmitting array system of the embodiment is described as follows by taking a 1 GHz-2 GHz economical broadband transmitting array system as an example:

[0045] The antenna beam width is greater than 20°, and the equivalent radiated power (EIRP) is not less than 40dBw. The spacing between antenna units in the full array frequency band antenna unit is 73mm, and the working bandwidth is segmented from 1GHz to 2GHz, including the high frequency band 1.6GHz-2GHz, the mid-frequency band 1.3GHz-1.6GHz, and the low frequency band 1 GHz -1.3GHz. According to the index requirement that the antenna beam width is greater than 20°, combined with the antenna array beam width calculation formula, the number of antenna units of each excitation unit of the 1GHz-2GHz economical broadband transmitting array system is estimated respectively. The free space wavelength λ=230m of the corresponding frequency is determined by the low-frequency working frequency, the spacing d=73mm of the first antenna unit 6, and the antenna beam width index θ=20°. After calculation and rounding down, the number of antenna units in the low-frequency excitation unit 5 is 8, and the total scale of the transmitting array is 8*8 array antenna. The physical aperture is 584mm*584mm. Similarly, the calculation shows that the mid-frequency band has a 6*6 array of antenna units, and the high-frequency band has a 5*5 array of antenna units.

[0046] Figure 3 is a 1-1.3 GHz directional pattern of low-frequency array excitation for the first antenna unit 6, the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 in the embodiment. Figure 3 It can be seen that the beamwidth of the low frequency band [1 GHz, 1.3 GHz] is 20.1°~26.0°, and the gain is 16.7dBi~18.9dBi.

[0047] Figure 4 In the embodiment, only the first antenna unit 6 and the second antenna unit 7 are excited by the intermediate frequency array at 1.3-1.6 GHz. Figure 4 It can be seen that the beamwidth of the mid-frequency band (1.3 GHz, 1.6 GHz) is 20.1°~26.0°, and the gain is 16.4dBi~18.2dBi.

[0048] Figure 5 is the 1.6-2 GHz directional pattern of the embodiment in which only the first antenna unit 6 is excited by the high frequency array. Figure 5 It can be seen that the high frequency band (1.6 GHz -2GHz] excites the internal 5*5 array, with a beam width of 20.9°~26.1° and a gain of 16.7dBi~18.6dBi.

[0049] Figure 6 It is the 1-2GHz radiation pattern of the full array frequency band antenna unit exciting the full array. Figure 6It can be seen that in the comparison example, in the full-band 8*8 array excitation, the beam width is 13.1°~26.2°, the gain is 16.7dBi~22.7dBi, the beam width span is 2 times, and the gain span is 6dB. It can only form an effect of a full-band beam width greater than 13.1° and a gain greater than 16.7dB. The beam width is narrow and the indicator of a beam width greater than 20° cannot be achieved.

[0050] The beam width and gain comparison results of the economical broadband transmitting array system of the embodiment and the comparative example are shown in Table 1:

[0051] Table 1 Beam width and gain of the economical broadband transmitting array system in each frequency band of the embodiment and the comparative example

[0052]

[0053] Depend on Figure 3-Figure 5 As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the embodiment achieves approximately equal beam widths of 20.1°~26.8° by respectively exciting antenna units of different array sizes in high, medium and low frequency bands. And achieves the effect of full-band beam width greater than 20° and gain greater than 16.7dB. The beam width and gain fluctuation range of each segmented excitation of the low-frequency band 1-1.3GHz, medium-frequency band 1.3-1.6GHz, and high-frequency band 1.6-2GHz are much smaller, and the phenomenon of very small low-frequency beam width and very high gain and very large high-frequency beam width and very low gain will not occur. Equal gain and equal beam width can be achieved, and then equal gain plus the total energy of the RF transmission module can achieve equivalent radiated power, thereby achieving the purpose of equal beam width and equivalent radiated power.

[0054] The equivalent radiated power (EIRP) of the antenna transmitting array system is not less than 40dBw. The equivalent radiated power (EIRP) is the sum of the antenna array gain and the total energy of the RF transmitting module. Considering that the antenna transmitting array gain is in the range of 16.4dBi~18.9dBi, the total energy of the RF transmitting module is greater than or equal to 26.4dB. Considering the high-frequency antenna excitation internal 5*5 array antenna units, the average power allocated to each RF transmitting module is greater than or equal to 9.1W. Considering the actual shelf products of the RF transmitting module and the system margin, the power of each RF transmitting module is set to 10W.

[0055] The economical broadband transmitting array system of the embodiment sets the antenna excitation mode to present a gradient power excitation from the middle to the side, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown:

[0056] (1) In the high frequency band of 1.6 GHz -2 GHz, the RF transmission module is used to directly excite the first antenna unit 6 of the high frequency excitation unit 3 arranged in the middle, that is, the excitation power of each high frequency antenna unit is 10 W.

[0057] (2) In the intermediate frequency band of 1.3 GHz -1.6 GHz, a power divider module 1, i.e., a 1-to-2 equal power distribution network is used to excite the second antenna unit 7 of the peripheral intermediate frequency excitation unit 4, i.e., the excitation power of the second antenna unit 7 of the intermediate frequency excitation unit 4 is 5 W.

[0058] (3) In the low frequency band of 1 GHz -1.3 GHz, a power divider module 2, i.e., a 1-to-4 equal power distribution network, is used to excite the third antenna unit 8 of the peripheral low frequency excitation unit 5, i.e., the excitation power of the third antenna unit 8 of the low frequency excitation unit 5 is 2.5 W.

[0059] Through the settings of (1) to (3), compared with the 64 RF transmission modules required for full array excitation, the economical broadband transmission array system of the embodiment requires 43 RF transmission modules, saving 32.8% of RF transmission modules, and has good economic applicability.

[0060] This economical broadband transmitting array system is designed so that each RF transmitting module in the middle corresponds to a first antenna unit 6, and the excitation power of the second antenna unit 7 and the third antenna unit 8 of the outer several circles is appropriately reduced. It can better and economically utilize the power of the RF transmitting module, solve the antenna equibeam problem of the broadband transmitting system, and realize the same equivalent radiated power in the whole frequency band of the system. The power outside the physical aperture of the antenna is small. It is a more economical implementation scheme of the phased array system and can be applied to radar, electronic countermeasures, high field strength generation and other systems.

[0061] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An economical broadband transmitting array system, characterized by: It adopts an economical feeding method with large internal feeding power and small edge feeding power, including a full array frequency band antenna unit, a power divider module 1, a power divider module 2, a radio frequency transmission module and a power supply module. Full array frequency band antenna unit: comprising a plurality of first antenna units, a plurality of second antenna units and a plurality of third antenna units, wherein the first antenna units are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a high frequency excitation unit, the second antenna units surround or semi-enclose the first antenna unit, the second antenna units and the first antenna units are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a medium frequency excitation unit, the third antenna unit surrounds or semi-encloses the second antenna unit, the third antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the first antenna unit are arranged in an array with the same number of rows and columns to form a low frequency excitation unit, and the excitation powers of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit decrease in a gradient; the spacing between the first antenna units, the spacing between the second antenna units and the spacing between the third antenna units are the same; Power distributor module 1: used to connect the RF transmission module with more than two second antenna units, and equally distribute the RF energy of the RF transmission module to the second antenna units; Power distributor module 2: used to connect the RF transmission module with more than two third antenna units, and equally distribute the RF energy of the RF transmission module to the third antenna units; RF transmitting module: used to directly feed the first antenna unit, feed the second antenna unit through the power divider module one, and feed the third antenna unit through the power divider module two; Power module: used to supply power to the RF transmitter module; By adjusting the number of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit to be excited, the physical aperture or equivalent physical aperture of the full array frequency band antenna unit is adjusted to achieve equal beam width; the working bandwidth of the full array frequency band antenna unit is divided into three segments: high frequency band, medium frequency band and low frequency band; low frequency excitation is performed on the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit in the low frequency band; medium frequency excitation is performed on the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit in the medium frequency band, and the third antenna unit is not excited; high frequency excitation is performed on the first antenna unit in the high frequency band, and the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are not excited; in the full array frequency band antenna unit, the number of antenna units in each row of the high frequency excitation unit, the medium frequency excitation unit and the low frequency excitation unit is calculated according to the working bandwidth, the antenna beam width index and the free space wavelength of the highest frequency of each frequency band in the high frequency band, the medium frequency band and the low frequency band: Among them, N is the number of antenna units in each row in the high-frequency excitation unit, the medium-frequency excitation unit or the low-frequency excitation unit, and N is an integer, λ is the free space wavelength of the highest frequency in each of the high-frequency band, the medium-frequency band or the low-frequency band, d is the spacing of the first antenna unit, and θ is the antenna beam width indicator.

2. The economical broadband transmitting array system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the full-array frequency-band antenna unit, the difference between the ratio of the highest frequency to the lowest frequency in each segment of the high frequency band, the medium frequency band and the low frequency band is not greater than the set threshold.

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