Stator short-pitch winding structure, motor with stator short-pitch winding structure and vehicle with stator short-pitch winding structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a stator short-pitch winding structure and a motor and a vehicle with the stator short-pitch winding structure, the winding structure comprises a three-phase winding, each phase winding comprises a plurality of groups of winding branches connected in parallel, each group of winding branches comprises four branches, two branches take a single coil on the outermost layer of a slot bottom as a winding start, and the winding ends of the four branches are connected in parallel. A coil with the span being y is wound from the secondary outer layer of the slot bottom to the innermost layer of the slot opening, a coil with the span being y-2 or y + 1 is subjected to same-layer reversing, then the coil with the span being y is wound from the secondary inner layer of the slot opening to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and same-layer reversing is carried out; in the other two branches, the single coil on the innermost layer of the notch is taken as a winding start, the coil with the span being y is wound from the secondary inner layer of the notch to the outermost layer of the bottom of the notch, same-layer reversing is carried out, then the coil with the span being y is wound from the secondary outer layer of the bottom of the notch to the innermost layer of the notch, and same-layer reversing is carried out on the innermost layer of the notch with the coil with the span being y-2 or y + 1; and a series of problems caused by asymmetry of each branch are eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to a stator short-pitch winding structure and a motor and a vehicle having the same. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicle technology, the performance requirements of drive motors, as one of the key actuators of electric vehicles, are becoming increasingly higher. At present, high speed, light weight and high efficiency have become the development trend of drive motors, and higher requirements are placed on the power density, high efficiency area and heat dissipation capacity of the motors.

[0003] Stator windings can be divided into round wire windings and flat wire windings. Compared with round wire windings, flat wire windings can effectively improve the motor slot fullness, reduce motor copper loss and thus improve motor efficiency. At the same time, they can also reduce the height of the motor winding ends, thereby reducing the motor volume and providing power / torque density. However, flat wire windings have an inherent skin effect, especially in high-speed motors, where the skin effect is more obvious. In order to reduce the skin effect, the number of conductors in the stator slots is generally increased, such as 4 layers, 6 layers, 8 layers and other even layers. Due to the large number of layers, more line types are required, and branch asymmetry may also occur.

[0004] With the development of electric drive for passenger cars, the system has increasingly stringent requirements on motor vibration and noise. Since the flat wire motor manufacturing process requires preforming and twisting welding processes, it is impossible to arbitrarily change the winding coefficient during the winding process to reduce electromagnetic harmonics like traditional round wire motors. Therefore, how to simply and conveniently convert the flat wire motor into a short-pitch winding has become an urgent problem to be solved in the industry.

[0005] In addition, the existing flat wire motor products on the market generally have the following problems: 1) There are many types of special-shaped coils, resulting in a large number of wire pre-forming, which is not conducive to automated production and manufacturing; 2) The output end requires a large number of bus bars and busbars to connect the branches and center points of each phase winding, and the circumferential range is large, which will lead to an increase in the spatial dimensions of the winding circumferential direction and the end height; 3) There is a problem of asymmetric winding branches. The uncommon combination of the number of slot poles, the number of layers, and the number of branches is prone to asymmetric induced potentials in each branch, which will cause circulating currents in each phase of the winding, increase additional copper losses, and cause overheating of the motor winding; 4) The manufacturing process of the welding end is complicated, and there are other welding line types; 5) In order to pursue the power density and manufacturing simplicity of the motor, it is usually designed as a full-pitch winding with a winding distribution coefficient of 1. The induced electromotive force contains a certain amount of harmonics, resulting in large motor torque pulsation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a stator short-pitch winding structure with compact structure, simple manufacture, symmetrical branches and neat arrangement, and a motor and a vehicle having the same.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A stator short-distance winding structure, comprising a three-phase phase winding, each phase winding comprising a plurality of groups of parallel winding branches, each group of winding branches comprising four branches, the branches comprising a plurality of coils arranged in sequence on circumferential core slots of a stator core and connected in series with each other, the branches comprising a single coil, a coil with a span of y, a coil with a span of y-2, and a coil with a span of y+1;

[0009] The two branches are both wound starting from a single coil located at the outermost layer of the bottom of the core slot, and a coil with a span of y is wound from the second outermost layer of the bottom of the core slot to the innermost layer of the slot opening, and a coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is used for same-layer commutation, and then a coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot opening to the outermost layer of the bottom of the slot, and a coil with a span of y is used for same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of the bottom of the slot;

[0010] The other two branches are both wound starting from a single coil located at the innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot, and a coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and the coil with a span of y is commutated at the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and then the coil with a span of y is wound from the second outermost layer of the slot bottom to the innermost layer of the slot, and the coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is commutated at the innermost layer of the slot;

[0011] The four branches all use a single coil as a neutral point lead-out line.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the stator core includes n core slots, where n is a positive even number; the four branches include a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch, the first branch and the third branch both start winding with a single coil located at the outermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot, and the second branch and the fourth branch both start winding with a single coil located at the innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot; the first branch is wound from the first core slot on the stator core, the second branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding directions of the first branch and the second branch are opposite; the third branch is wound from the first core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the first branch and the second branch are opposite; the third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the second branch is opposite; the third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the first branch and the second branch is opposite; the third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the second branch is opposite; the winding direction of the first branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the second branch is opposite; the winding direction of ... third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the third branch is opposite; the winding direction of the third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the third branch is opposite; the winding direction of the third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of the third branch is opposite; the winding direction of the third branch is wound from the second core slot on the stator core, and the winding direction of The fourth branch starts from the first slot on the stator core. The winding direction of the third branch is opposite to that of the fourth branch.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a coil with a span of y for performing same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of the slot bottom includes a first coil, and the first coil performs same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of the slot bottom. The first coil includes a first coil body and a first bending portion, and the first coil body includes two first support rods arranged parallel to each other and a first head connecting one end of the two first support rods, and the other ends of the two first support rods are provided with a first bending portion to form a welding end, and the first bending portion is bent on one side along the width direction of the first coil body.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the coil with a span of y also includes a second coil, which is wound from the second inner layer of the slot to the second outer layer of the slot bottom, and the second coil includes a second coil body and a second bending portion, and the second coil body includes two second support rods arranged parallel to each other and a second head connecting one end of the two second support rods, and the other ends of the two second support rods are provided with a second bending portion to form a welding end, and the second bending portion is bent along the width direction of the second coil body and away from the second coil body.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the coil with a span of y-2 and a span of y+1 that perform same-layer commutation in the innermost layer of the slot include a third coil, and the third coil performs same-layer commutation in the innermost layer of the slot, and the third coil includes a third coil body and a third bending portion, and the third coil body includes two third support rods arranged parallel to each other and a third head connecting one end of the two third support rods, and the other ends of the two third support rods are provided with a third bending portion to form a welding end, and the third bending portion is bent along the width direction of the third coil body and away from the third coil body; the bending direction of the third bending portion is opposite to the bending direction of the first bending portion.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the single coil also includes a fourth coil, which is arranged at the outermost layer of the slot bottom as a winding starting point or neutral point lead-out wire, and the fourth coil includes a fourth coil body and a fourth bending portion, and the fourth coil body includes a fourth support rod, and the fourth support rod has a fourth head and a fourth bending portion at both ends, respectively, and the fourth bending portion forms a welding end; the bending direction of the fourth head is the same as the bending direction of the fourth bending portion.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the single coil includes a fifth coil, which is arranged in the innermost layer of the slot as a winding starting point or neutral point lead-out wire, and the fifth coil includes a fifth coil body and a fifth bending portion, and the fifth coil body includes a fifth support rod, and the fifth support rod has a fifth head and a fifth bending portion at both ends, respectively, and the fifth bending portion forms a welding end; the bending direction of the fifth head is the same as the bending direction of the fifth bending portion; the bending directions of the fourth bending portion are opposite to those of the fifth bending portion.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the phase winding includes a group of winding branches, the first branch of the winding branches includes a single coil A0, coils a1-A2, a3-A4, a5-A6, a7-A8, a9-A10, a11-A12, a13-A14, a15-A16, a17-A18, a19-A20, a21-A22, a23-A24, a25-A26, a27-A28, a29-A30, a31-A32, a33-A34, and a single coil a35;

[0019] The second branch in the winding branch includes a single coil B0, coils b1-B2, b3-B4, b5-B6, b7-B8, b9-B10, b11-B12, b13-B14, b15-B16, b17-B18, b19-B20, b21-B22, b23-B24, b25-B26, b27-B28, b29-B30, b31-B32, b33-B34, and a single coil b35;

[0020] The third branch in the winding branch includes a single coil C0, coils c1-C2, c3-C4, c5-C6, c7-C8, c9-C10, c11-C12, c13-C14, c15-C16, c17-C18, c19-C20, c21-C22, c23-C24, c25-C26, c27-C28, c29-C30, c31-C32, c33-C34, and a single coil c35;

[0021] The fourth branch in the winding branch includes a single coil D0, coils d1-D2, d3-D4, d5-D6, d7-D8, d9-D10, d11-D12, d13-D14, d15-D16, d17-D18, d19-D20, d21-D22, d23-D24, d25-D26, d27-D28, d29-D30, d31-D32, d33-D34, and a single coil d35;

[0022] The single coil A0, the single coil C0, the single coil a35 and the single coil c35 are all located at the sixth layer along the slot bottom direction of the slot opening in the core slot;

[0023] The spans of a1-A2, a13-A14, a25-A26, c1-C2, c13-C14 and c25-C26 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slots;

[0024] The spans of a3-A4, a15-A16, a27-A28, c3-C4, c15-C16 and c27-C28 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slots;

[0025] The spans of a5-A6, a17-A18, c5-C6 and c17-C18 are all y+1, and their upper and lower sides are both located in the first layer of the core slot; the spans of a29-A30 and c29-C30 are all y-2, and their upper and lower sides are both located in the first layer of the core slot;

[0026] The spans of a7-A8, a19-A20, a31-A32, c7-C8, c19-C20 and c31-C32 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the second layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are all located at the third layer of the core slots;

[0027] The spans of a9-A10, a21-A22, a33-A34, c9-C10, c21-C22 and c33-C34 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot, and their lower edges are all located at the 5th layer of the core slot;

[0028] The spans of a11-A12, a23-A24, c11-C12 and c23-C24 are all y, and their upper and lower side layers are located in the 6th layer of the core slot;

[0029] The single coil B0, the single coil b35, the single coil D0 and the single coil d35 are all located in the first layer of the slot opening along the slot bottom direction in the core slot;

[0030] The spans of b1-B2, b13-B14, b25-B26, d1-D2, d13-D14 and d25-D26 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the second layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are located at the third layer of the core slots;

[0031] The spans of b3-B4, b15-B16, b27-B28, d3-D4, d15-D16 and d27-D28 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slots;

[0032] The spans of b5-B6, b17-B18, b29-B30, d5-D6, d17-D18 and d29-D30 are all y, and their upper and lower side layers are located in the 6th layer of the core slot;

[0033] The spans of b7-B8, b19-B20, b31-B32, d7-D8, d19-D20 and d31-D32 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slots;

[0034] The spans of b9-B10, b21-B22, b33-B34, d9-D10, d21-D22 and d33-D34 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the third layer of the core slots, and their lower edges are located at the second layer of the core slots;

[0035] The spans of b11-B12 and d11-D12 are both y-2, and their upper and lower layers are both located in the first layer of the core slot; the spans of b23-B24 and d23-D24 are both y+1, and their upper and lower layers are both located in the first layer of the core slot;

[0036] In the winding branch, the single coil A0 is connected to the upper side of the coil a1-A2 by twist welding, the lower side of the coil a1-A2 is connected to the upper side of the coil a3-A4 by twist welding, the lower side of the coil a3-A4 is connected to the upper side of the coil a5-A6 by twist welding, the lower side of the coil a5-A6 is connected to the lower side of the coil a7-A8 by twist welding, and so on; the coil connection sequence is from the 6th and 5th layers, to the 4th and 3rd layers, and then to the 2nd and 1st layers, and after connecting across the same layer in the 1st layer, it transitions to the higher layer, and after two rounds, it comes out at the 6th layer.

[0037] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a motor including the above-mentioned stator short-pitch winding structure.

[0038] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned motor.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0040] The stator short-distance winding structure of the present invention adopts a winding arrangement mode combining coils of different spans and different types in each winding branch, which reduces the line type and has no special-shaped wires, and is convenient for assembly and mass production; a single coil is used as a lead-out wire at the head end of each winding branch, and the neutral point is connected through a busbar, wherein the two branches are both wound starting from the single coil at the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and the coil with a span of y is wound from the second outer layer of the slot bottom to the slot mouth. The innermost layer is wound, and the coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is used to perform same-layer commutation in the innermost layer of the slot, and then the coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and the coil with a span of y is used to perform same-layer commutation in the outermost layer of the slot bottom; the other two branches are both wound starting with a single coil in the innermost layer of the slot, and the coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and the coil with a span of y is used to perform same-layer commutation in the outermost layer of the slot bottom. The same-layer commutation is performed, and then the coil with a span of y is wound from the second outer layer of the slot bottom to the innermost layer of the slot, and the coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is wound in the innermost layer of the slot. By combining coils of different spans and different types, the four branches in the same winding branch are wound from the head end to the tail end, the tail end to the head end, and from the middle to the left and right ends respectively, and the welding ends are kept consistent, that is, the connection scheme of different branches is realized, and the number of parallel branches can be flexibly converted according to needs. At the same time, the line type and the complexity of the manufacturing process are reduced, which is convenient for production and eliminates a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of each branch, ensuring that each branch is symmetrical in the slot and layer, that is, each parallel branch is distributed in a ring-shaped symmetrical structure in the core slot, thereby realizing uniform and symmetrical distribution of each phase winding, making the potential of each branch balanced, without circulating current, and offsetting harmonics, greatly improving the performance of the motor. The present invention not only solves a series of problems caused by asymmetry of the branches, but also effectively reduces the difficulty of the winding process and high manufacturing cost of the motor caused by the increase in the number of phases, thereby effectively reducing the production cost of the vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the first coil in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structural principle of the second coil in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure principle of the third coil in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure principle of the fourth coil in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure principle of the fifth coil in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the stator gate end in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the winding coil in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the phase arrangement of any phase winding in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Legend: 1. First coil; 11. First coil body; 111. First support rod; 112. First head; 12. First bending portion; 2. Second coil; 21. Second coil body; 211. Second support rod; 212. Second head; 22. Second bending portion; 3. Third coil; 31. Third coil body; 311. Third support rod; 312. Third head; 32. Third bending portion; 4. Fourth coil; 41. Fourth coil body; 411. Fourth support rod; 412. Fourth head; 42. Fourth bending portion; 5. Fifth coil; 51. Fifth coil body; 511. Fifth support rod; 512. Fifth head; 52. Fifth bending portion; 6. Stator core; 61. Core slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

[0051] Example

[0052] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the stator short-pitch winding structure of this embodiment includes a three-phase winding, each phase winding includes a plurality of groups of parallel winding branches, each group of winding branches includes four branches, the branches include a plurality of coils arranged in sequence on the circumferential core slots 61 of the stator core 6 and connected in series with each other, and the branches include a single coil, a coil with a span of y, a coil with a span of y-1, and a coil with a span of y+1.

[0053] Both branches start with a single coil located at the outermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot 61 (the last layer from the slot mouth to the slot bottom), and a coil with a span of y is wound from the second outermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot 61 to the innermost layer of the slot (the first layer from the slot mouth to the slot bottom), and a coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is used for same-layer commutation in the innermost layer of the slot, and then a coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and a coil with a span of y is used for same-layer commutation in the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and finally a single coil located at the outermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot 61 is used as the neutral point lead-out line.

[0054] The other two branches start with a single coil located in the innermost layer of the slot of the core slot 61 as the winding start, and a coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot of the core slot 61 to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and the coil with a span of y is commutated on the same layer at the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and then the coil with a span of y is wound from the second outermost layer of the slot bottom to the innermost layer of the slot, and the coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is commutated on the same layer at the innermost layer of the slot; finally, the single coil located in the innermost layer of the slot of the core slot 61 is used as the neutral point lead-out line.

[0055] In this embodiment, the stator core 6 includes 72 core slots 61. The four branches include a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch. The first branch and the third branch both start with a single coil located at the outermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot 61, and the second branch and the fourth branch both start with a single coil located at the innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot 61. Specifically, the first branch starts to be wound from the first core slot 61 on the stator core 6, and the second branch starts to be wound from the 72nd core slot 61 on the stator core 6, and the winding direction of the first branch is opposite to that of the second branch; the third branch starts to be wound from the 37th core slot 61 on the stator core 6, and the fourth branch starts to be wound from the 36th core slot 61 on the stator core 6, and the winding direction of the third branch is opposite to that of the fourth branch.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the coil with a span of y that performs same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of the slot bottom includes a first coil 1. The first coil 1 performs same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of the slot bottom. The first coil 1 includes a first coil body 11 and a first bending portion 12. The first coil body 11 includes two first support rods 111 arranged parallel to each other and a first head 112 connecting one end of the two first support rods 111. The other ends of the two first support rods 111 are provided with a first bending portion 12 to form a welding end. The first bending portion 12 is bent along one side of the width direction of the first coil body 11.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the coil with a span of y also includes a second coil 2, the second coil 2 is wound from the second inner layer of the slot to the second outer layer of the slot bottom, the second coil 2 includes a second coil body 21 and a second bending portion 22, the second coil body 21 includes two second support rods 211 arranged parallel to each other and a second head 212 connecting one end of the two second support rods 211, the other ends of the two second support rods 211 are provided with a second bending portion 22 to form a welding end, and the second bending portion 22 is bent along the width direction of the second coil body 21 and away from the second coil body 21.

[0058] like Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, the coil with a span of y-2 and a span of y+1 that perform same-layer commutation in the innermost layer of the slot include a third coil 3. The third coil 3 performs same-layer commutation in the innermost layer of the slot. The third coil 3 includes a third coil body 31 and a third bending portion 32. The third coil body 31 includes two third support rods 311 arranged parallel to each other and a third head 312 connecting one end of the two third support rods 311. The other ends of the two third support rods 311 are provided with a third bending portion 32 to form a welding end. The third bending portion 32 is bent along the width direction of the third coil body 31 and away from the third coil body 31; the bending direction of the third bending portion 32 is opposite to the bending direction of the first bending portion 12.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the single coil also includes a fourth coil 4, which is arranged at the outermost layer of the slot bottom as a winding start or neutral point lead-out wire. The fourth coil 4 includes a fourth coil body 41 and a fourth bending portion 42, the fourth coil body 41 includes two fourth support rods 411 arranged parallel to each other and a fourth head 412 connecting one end of the two fourth support rods 411, and the other end of the two fourth support rods 411 is provided with a fourth bending portion 42 to form a welding end, and the fourth bending portion 42 is bent along one side of the width direction of the fourth coil body 41; the bending direction of the third bending portion 32 is the same as the bending direction of the fourth bending portion 42.

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a single coil includes a fifth coil 5, which is arranged in the innermost layer of the slot as a winding start or neutral point lead. The fifth coil 5 includes a fifth coil body 51 and a fifth bending portion 52, and the fifth coil body 51 includes a fifth support rod 511, and the fifth support rod 511 is provided with a fifth head 512 and a fifth bending portion 52 at both ends, and the fifth bending portion 52 forms a welding end; the bending direction of the fifth head 512 is the same as the bending direction of the fifth bending portion 52. The fourth bending portion 42 is opposite to the bending direction of the fifth bending portion 52.

[0061] In this embodiment, the heads of the first coil 1, the second coil 2 and the third coil 3 are all V-shaped or arc-shaped. The coil with a V-shaped head is called a V-shaped coil, and the coil with an arc-shaped head is called a U-shaped coil. In this embodiment, each coil can be a U-shaped coil or a V-shaped coil. Since each coil adopts the same shape, the special-shaped coil and the cross-connected coil are eliminated, which is convenient for assembly and mass production. Of course, in other embodiments, a combination of a U-shaped coil and a V-shaped coil can also be used.

[0062] In this embodiment, a U-shaped coil is used, the wire is output at the gate-shaped end, and the twist distance of the welded wire in the middle layer is shortened to achieve short-distance winding, reduce the number of wire types and special-shaped wires, reduce the complexity of the manufacturing process, facilitate production, and eliminate a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of the branches. At the same time, the bus structure is simplified and compact.

[0063] In this embodiment, the parallel connection form between the branches in each group of winding branches is a star connection or a triangle connection.

[0064] In this embodiment, the neutral point of the coil (such as Figure 8 a35, b35, c35 and d35) in the figure are connected by Busbar, which has a simple structure and a height comparable to that of the welding end, thereby reducing the height of the winding end and thus reducing the volume of the motor.

[0065] Specifically, taking a flat wire winding with 72 slots, 8 poles, 6 layers and 4 branches as an example, the stator gate end and winding coil of the motor are respectively as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the neutral point of the motor is connected through the Busbar, and the structure is simple. The number of coil layers increases from the slot to the slot bottom. The first branch of the U phase: Aa, the second branch: Bb, the third branch: Cc, the second branch: Dd; the first and sixth layers are U-shaped coils across the same layer, accounting for two line types, and the second, third, fourth, and fifth layers are U-shaped coils across adjacent layers, accounting for two line types.

[0066] Specifically, taking the first branch as an example, the 2nd-3rd layer, the 4th-5th layer, and the 6th layer all use U-shaped coils with a span of 9, and the 1st layer uses a combination of a U-shaped coil with a span of 9 and two U-shaped coils with a span of 8.

[0067] In this embodiment, the phase winding includes a group of winding branches, and the first branch in the winding branches includes a single coil A0, coils a1-A2, a3-A4, a5-A6, a7-A8, a9-A10, a11-A12, a13-A14, a15-A16, a17-A18, a19-A20, a21-A22, a23-A24, a25-A26, a27-A28, a29-A30, a31-A32, a33-A34, and a single coil a35;

[0068] The second branch in the winding branch includes a single coil B0, coils b1-B2, b3-B4, b5-B6, b7-B8, b9-B10, b11-B12, b13-B14, b15-B16, b17-B18, b19-B20, b21-B22, b23-B24, b25-B26, b27-B28, b29-B30, b31-B32, b33-B34, and a single coil b35;

[0069] The third branch in the winding branch includes a single coil C0, coils c1-C2, c3-C4, c5-C6, c7-C8, c9-C10, c11-C12, c13-C14, c15-C16, c17-C18, c19-C20, c21-C22, c23-C24, c25-C26, c27-C28, c29-C30, c31-C32, c33-C34, and a single coil c35;

[0070] The fourth branch in the winding branch includes a single coil D0, coils d1-D2, d3-D4, d5-D6, d7-D8, d9-D10, d11-D12, d13-D14, d15-D16, d17-D18, d19-D20, d21-D22, d23-D24, d25-D26, d27-D28, d29-D30, d31-D32, d33-D34, and a single coil d35; the phase windings are arranged as follows Figure 8 shown.

[0071] The single coil A0 and the single coil C0 are both located at the sixth layer along the slot bottom direction of the slot in the core slot 61, as the winding start; the shape is as follows Figure 4 The single coil a35 and the single coil c35 are both located at the sixth layer along the slot bottom direction of the slot in the core slot 61, and are used as lead wires, and are shaped as follows: Figure 4 Single coil shown.

[0072] The spans of a1-A2, a13-A14, a25-A26, c1-C2, c13-C14 and c25-C26 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0073] The spans of a3-A4, a15-A16, a27-A28, c3-C4, c15-C16 and c27-C28 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the third layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are located at the second layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0074] The spans of a5-A6, a17-A18, c5-C6 and c17-C18 are all 10, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the first layer of the core slot 61; the spans of a29-A30 and c29-C30 are all 7, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the first layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows Figure 3 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0075] The spans of a7-A8, a19-A20, a31-A32, c7-C8, c19-C20 and c31-C32 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the second layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are all located at the third layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0076] The spans of a9-A10, a21-A22, a33-A34, c9-C10, c21-C22 and c33-C34 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are all located at the 5th layer of the core slot 61, and their shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0077] The spans of a11-A12, a23-A24, c11-C12 and c23-C24 are all 9, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the 6th layer of the core slot 61; the shape is as follows Figure 1 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0078] The single coil B0 and the single coil D0 are both located in the first layer of the slot opening along the slot bottom direction in the core slot 61 as the starting point of winding, and the shape is as follows: Figure 5 The single coil b35 and the single coil d35 are both located in the first layer of the slot opening along the slot bottom direction in the core slot 61 to serve as neutral point lead wires; the shape is as follows Figure 5 Single coil shown.

[0079] The spans of b1-B2, b13-B14, b25-B26, d1-D2, d13-D14 and d25-D26 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the second layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are located at the third layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0080] The spans of b3-B4, b15-B16, b27-B28, d3-D4, d15-D16 and d27-D28 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0081] The spans of b5-B6, b17-B18, b29-B30, d5-D6, d17-D18 and d29-D30 are all 9, and their upper and lower side layers are both located at the 6th layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 1 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0082] The spans of b7-B8, b19-B20, b31-B32, d7-D8, d19-D20 and d31-D32 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0083] The spans of b9-B10, b21-B22, b33-B34, d9-D10, d21-D22 and d33-D34 are all 9, and their upper edges are located at the third layer of the core slot 61, and their lower edges are located at the second layer of the core slot 61; the shapes are as follows: Figure 2 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0084] The spans of b11-B12 and d11-D12 are both 7, and their upper and lower layers are both located in the first layer of the core slot 61; the spans of b23-B24 and d23-D24 are both 10, and their upper and lower layers are both located in the first layer of the core slot 61, and the shapes are as follows: Figure 3 The U-shaped coil shown.

[0085] Specifically, Figure 8As shown, in the first branch, the single coil A0 is located at the 6th layer of the 1st core slot 61 as the starting point of winding; the upper edge of the coil a1-A2 is located at the 5th layer of the 10th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil a1-A2 is located at the 4th layer of the 19th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil a3-A4 is located at the 3rd layer of the 27th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil a3-A4 is located at the 2nd layer of the 36th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil a5-A6 is located at the 1st layer of the 45th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil a5-A6 is located at the 1st layer of the 55th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil a7-A8 is located at the 2nd layer of the 46th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil a7-A8 is located at the 2nd layer of the 55th core slot 61. The upper edge of coils a9-A10 is located at the 4th layer of the 29th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a9-A10 is located at the 5th layer of the 20th core slot 61; the upper edge of coils a11-A12 is located at the 6th layer of the 11th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a11-A12 is located at the 6th layer of the 2nd core slot 61; the upper edge of coils a13-A14 is located at the 5th layer of the 11th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a13-A14 is located at the 4th layer of the 20th core slot 61; the upper edge of coils a15-A16 is located at the 3rd layer of the 28th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a15-A16 is located at the 37th The upper edge of coils a17-A18 is located at the 1st layer of the 46th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a17-A18 is located at the 1st layer of the 56th core slot 61; the upper edge of coils a19-A20 is located at the 2nd layer of the 47th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a19-A20 is located at the 3rd layer of the 38th core slot 61; the upper edge of coils a21-A22 is located at the 4th layer of the 30th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a21-A22 is located at the 5th layer of the 21st core slot 61; the upper edge of coils a23-A24 is located at the 6th layer of the 12th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils a23-A24 is located at the 3rd core slot 61 the 6th layer of the core slot 61; the upper layer edge of the coil a25-A26 is located at the 5th layer of the 12th core slot 61, and the lower layer edge of the coil a25-A26 is located at the 4th layer of the 21st core slot 61; the upper layer edge of the coil a27-A28 is located at the 3rd layer of the 29th core slot 61, and the lower layer edge of the coil a27-A28 is located at the 2nd layer of the 38th core slot 61; the upper layer edge of the coil a29-A30 is located at the 1st layer of the 47th core slot 61, and the lower layer edge of the coil a29-A30 is located at the 1st layer of the 54th core slot 61; the upper layer edge of the coil a31-A32 is located at the 2nd layer of the 45th core slot 61, and the lower layer edge of the coil a31-A32 is located at the 3rd layer of the 36th core slot 61;The upper side of coil a33-A34 is located at the 4th layer of the 28th core slot 61, and the lower side of coil a33-A34 is located at the 5th layer of the 19th core slot 61; the single coil a35 is located at the 6th layer of the 10th core slot 61 as a neutral point lead wire. ;

[0086] like Figure 8As shown, in the second branch, the single coil B0 is located at the first layer of the second core slot 61 as the starting point of winding; the upper edge of the coil b1-B2 is located at the second layer of the 65th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b1-B2 is located at the third layer of the 56th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b3-B4 is located at the fourth layer of the 48th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b3-B4 is located at the fifth layer of the 39th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b5-B6 is located at the sixth layer of the 30th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b5-B6 is located at the sixth layer of the 21st core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b7-B8 is located at the fifth layer of the 30th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b7-B8 is located at the sixth layer of the 21st core slot 61. The upper edge of the coil b9-B10 is located at the 3rd layer of the 47th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b9-B10 is located at the 2nd layer of the 56th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b11-B12 is located at the 1st layer of the 65th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b11-B12 is located at the 1st layer of the 72nd core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b13-B14 is located at the 2nd layer of the 63rd core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b13-B14 is located at the 3rd layer of the 54th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b15-B16 is located at the 4th layer of the 46th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b15-B16 is located at the 37th The 5th layer of the core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b17-B18 is located at the 6th layer of the 28th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b17-B18 is located at the 6th layer of the 19th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b19-B20 is located at the 5th layer of the 28th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b19-B20 is located at the 4th layer of the 37th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b21-B22 is located at the 3rd layer of the 45th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b21-B22 is located at the 2nd layer of the 54th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b23-B24 is located at the 1st layer of the 63rd core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b23-B24 is located at the 1st core slot 61 the first layer of the core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b25-B26 is located at the second layer of the 64th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b25-B26 is located at the third layer of the 55th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b27-B28 is located at the fourth layer of the 47th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b27-B28 is located at the fifth layer of the 38th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b29-B30 is located at the sixth layer of the 29th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b29-B30 is located at the sixth layer of the 20th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil b31-B32 is located at the fifth layer of the 29th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil b31-B32 is located at the fourth layer of the 38th core slot 61;The upper side of the coil b33-B34 is located at the third layer of the 46th core slot 61, and the lower side of the coil b33-B34 is located at the second layer of the 55th core slot 61; the single coil b35 is located at the first layer of the 64th core slot 61 as a neutral point lead wire. ;

[0087] like Figure 8As shown, in the third branch, the single coil c0 is located at the 6th layer of the 37th core slot 61 as the starting point of winding; the upper edge of the coil c1-C2 is located at the 5th layer of the 46th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c1-C2 is located at the 4th layer of the 55th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c3-C4 is located at the 3rd layer of the 63rd core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c3-C4 is located at the 2nd layer of the 72nd core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c5-C6 is located at the 1st layer of the 9th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c5-C6 is located at the 1st layer of the 19th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c7-C8 is located at the 2nd layer of the 10th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c7-C8 is located at the 3rd layer of the 1st core slot 61. layer; the upper edge of coil c9-C10 is located at the 4th layer of the 65th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil c9-C10 is located at the 5th layer of the 56th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil c11-C12 is located at the 6th layer of the 47th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil c11-C12 is located at the 6th layer of the 38th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil c13-C14 is located at the 5th layer of the 47th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil c13-C14 is located at the 4th layer of the 56th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil c15-C16 is located at the 3rd layer of the 64th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil c15-C16 is located at the 2nd layer of the 1st core slot 61; the upper edge of coil c17-C18 is located at the 10th The first layer of the core slot 61, the lower edge of the coil c17-C18 is located at the first layer of the 20th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c19-C20 is located at the second layer of the 11th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c19-C20 is located at the third layer of the second core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c21-C22 is located at the fourth layer of the 66th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c21-C22 is located at the fifth layer of the 57th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c23-C24 is located at the sixth layer of the 48th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil c23-C24 is located at the sixth layer of the 39th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil c25-C26 is located at the fifth layer of the 48th core slot 61, and the coil c25-C26 The lower edge of coils c27-C28 is located at the 4th layer of the 57th core slot 61; the upper edge of coils c27-C28 is located at the 3rd layer of the 65th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils c27-C28 is located at the 2nd layer of the 2nd core slot 61; the upper edge of coils c29-C30 is located at the 1st layer of the 11th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils c29-C30 is located at the 1st layer of the 18th core slot 61; the upper edge of coils c31-C32 is located at the 2nd layer of the 9th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils c31-C32 is located at the 3rd layer of the 72nd core slot 61; the upper edge of coils c33-C34 is located at the 4th layer of the 64th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coils c33-C34 is located at the 5th layer of the 55th core slot 61;The single coil c35 is located in the 6th layer of the 46th core slot 61 and serves as a neutral point lead wire. ;

[0088] like Figure 8As shown, in the fourth branch, the single coil D0 is located at the first layer of the 38th core slot 61 as the starting point of winding; the upper edge of the coil d1-D2 is located at the second layer of the 29th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d1-D2 is located at the third layer of the 20th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d3-D4 is located at the fourth layer of the 12th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d3-D4 is located at the fifth layer of the third core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d5-D6 is located at the sixth layer of the 66th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d5-D6 is located at the sixth layer of the 57th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d7-D8 is located at the fifth layer of the 66th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d7-D8 is located at the 4 layers; the upper edge of coil d9-D10 is located at the 3rd layer of the 11th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d9-D10 is located at the 2nd layer of the 20th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d11-D12 is located at the 1st layer of the 29th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d11-D12 is located at the 1st layer of the 36th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d13-D14 is located at the 2nd layer of the 27th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d13-D14 is located at the 3rd layer of the 18th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d15-D16 is located at the 4th layer of the 10th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d15-D16 is located at the 5th layer of the 1st core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d17-D18 is located at the 64th The lower edge of coil d17-D18 is located at the 6th layer of the 55th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d19-D20 is located at the 5th layer of the 64th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d19-D20 is located at the 4th layer of the 1st core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d21-D22 is located at the 3rd layer of the 9th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d21-D22 is located at the 2nd layer of the 18th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d23-D24 is located at the 1st layer of the 27th core slot 61, and the lower edge of coil d23-D24 is located at the 1st layer of the 37th core slot 61; the upper edge of coil d25-D26 is located at the 2nd layer of the 28th core slot 61, and coil d25-D26 is located at the The lower edge of the coil d27-D28 is located at the 3rd layer of the 19th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d27-D28 is located at the 4th layer of the 11th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d27-D28 is located at the 5th layer of the 2nd core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d29-D30 is located at the 6th layer of the 65th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d29-D30 is located at the 6th layer of the 56th core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d31-D32 is located at the 5th layer of the 65th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d31-D32 is located at the 4th layer of the 2nd core slot 61; the upper edge of the coil d33-D34 is located at the 3rd layer of the 10th core slot 61, and the lower edge of the coil d33-D34 is located at the 2nd layer of the 19th core slot 61;The single coil d35 is located in the first layer of the 28th core slot 61 and serves as a neutral point lead wire. ;

[0089] In this embodiment, in the first branch, the upper side of the coil a1-A2 is welded to the single coil A0, and the lower side of the coil a1-A2 is welded to the upper side of the coil a3-A4 by twist welding. Here is the connected part of the welding line of the fourth layer and the third layer. During molding, the corresponding side lengths of the two coils are shorter and the positions of the slots are closer, but the welding twist angles are the same, which can reduce the end height and save a certain amount of copper. All the welding parts of the fourth layer and the third layer adopt this short twist form, so that the first layer, the second layer, and the third layer of the original full-pitch winding are staggered by a slot distance relative to the fourth layer, the fifth layer, and the sixth layer, and the flat wire short-pitch winding is simply realized without increasing the types of gate-type wires. The lower edge of coil a3-A4 is welded to the upper edge of coil a5-A6, and the lower edge of coil a5-A6 is welded to the upper edge of coil a7-A8. The same pattern is used to wrap around the first branch from A0 to a35, and so on for the second, third and fourth branches. In the first branch, the coil connection sequence is from the 6th and 5th layers, to the 4th and 3rd layers, and then to the 2nd and 1st layers. After connecting across the same layer on the 1st layer, it transitions to the higher layer. After two round trips, the wires are connected on the first layer. Figure 7 As shown, there are 12 neutral points in the winding coil of the motor, and the three-phase output lines and the neutral point connection are all through the ring busbar.

[0090] The coils are transposed by coils on the same layer to eliminate the phase difference between different branches and ensure that each branch is completely symmetrical. In this embodiment, manufacturability is fully considered. The coils are composed of U-shaped coils and single wires, which reduces the types of U-shaped coils. Most of them use cross-layer wires, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty and facilitates mass production. In other embodiments, bus-bar wire replacement can also be used.

[0091] In this embodiment, the stator winding is composed of 5 types of coils, such as Figure 1 to Figure 5 As shown. The stator short-distance winding structure and the motor fully consider the manufacturability. The coil is composed of a U-shaped coil and two single wires, which reduces the types of U-shaped coils, reduces the manufacturing difficulty, and facilitates mass production. The winding is transposed by the innermost and outermost same-layer coils to ensure that the three-phase winding is completely symmetrical, reduce the line type, and have no special-shaped wires, which greatly reduces the complexity of winding molding. It is only connected by twisting the welding end of the winding, which is convenient for production and can eliminate a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of each branch. The three-phase winding can be connected in star or triangle through Busbar or lead wires, and the structure is compact.

[0092] like Figure 6As shown, this embodiment further provides a stator, which includes a stator core 6 and the above-mentioned stator winding. The inner wall of the stator core 6 is provided with 72 core slots 61 in the circumferential direction. Part of the phase winding in the stator winding is wound in the core slots 61, and part of the phase winding is located outside the core slots 61. Each core slot 61 has 6 layers of phase windings of the same phase, and the number of layers of the phase windings in each core slot 61 is the same. It can be understood that in practical applications, the number of winding layers of each stator slot includes but is not limited to 6 layers, and can also be 2 layers, 4 layers, 8 layers, etc., and its winding method can refer to the above-mentioned 6-layer winding method.

[0093] This embodiment also provides a motor including the above-mentioned stator winding, which can be applied to electric vehicles / electric vehicles (EV), pure electric vehicles (PEV / BEV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), extended-range electric vehicles (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), new energy vehicles (New Energy Vehicle) and other vehicles. In the flat wire wave-wound motor of this embodiment, the wave-wound flat wire does not need to be welded, has no welding points, and has high design flexibility, reduces the processing steps of the flat wire wave-wound motor, simplifies the process, and reduces the cost.

[0094] The present embodiment also provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned motor, which may be an electric vehicle / electric vehicle (EV), a pure electric vehicle (PEV / BEV), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), an extended-range electric vehicle (REEV), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), a new energy vehicle (New Energy Vehicle), etc.

[0095] In this embodiment, the motor is composed of five types of coils in total. The windings are transposed by the innermost and outermost coils of the same layer to eliminate the phase difference between different branches and ensure that each branch is completely symmetrical.

[0096] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention through the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stator short-pitch winding structure, characterized in that: It comprises a three-phase phase winding, each of the phase windings comprises a plurality of groups of winding branches connected in parallel, each group of winding branches comprises four branches, the branches comprise a plurality of coils arranged in sequence on a circumferential core slot (61) of a stator core (6) and connected in series with each other, the branches comprise a single coil, a coil with a span of y, a coil with a span of y-2, and a coil with a span of y+1; The two branches are both wound starting from a single coil located at the outermost layer of the bottom of the core slot (61), a coil with a span of y is wound from the second outermost layer of the bottom of the core slot (61) to the innermost layer of the slot, and a coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is wound at the innermost layer of the slot, and then a coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot to the outermost layer of the bottom of the slot, and a coil with a span of y is wound at the outermost layer of the bottom of the slot; The other two branches are both wound starting from a single coil located at the innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot (61), and a coil with a span of y is wound from the second innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot (61) to the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and the coil with a span of y is commutated on the same layer at the outermost layer of the slot bottom, and then the coil with a span of y is wound from the second outermost layer of the slot bottom to the innermost layer of the slot, and the coil with a span of y-2 or y+1 is commutated on the same layer at the innermost layer of the slot; The four branches all use a single coil as a neutral point lead-out line.

2. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator core (6) comprises n core slots (61), where n is a positive even number; the four branches comprise a first branch, a second branch, a third branch and a fourth branch; the first branch and the third branch both start with a single coil located at the outermost layer of the slot bottom of the core slot (61) as a winding start point, and the second branch and the fourth branch both start with a single coil located at the innermost layer of the slot opening of the core slot (61) as a winding start point; the first branch is wound from the first core slot (61) on the stator core (6), and the second branch is wound from the second core slot (61) on the stator core (6); the winding directions of the first branch and the second branch are opposite; the third branch is wound from the first core slot (61) on the stator core (6); The winding starts from the first iron core slot (61), and the fourth branch starts from the first The winding starts from the first core slot (61), and the winding directions of the third branch and the fourth branch are opposite.

3. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A coil with a span of y for same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of a slot bottom comprises a first coil (1), the first coil (1) performing same-layer commutation at the outermost layer of a slot bottom, the first coil (1) comprising a first coil body (11) and a first bending portion (12), the first coil body (11) comprising two first support rods (111) arranged parallel to each other and a first head (112) connecting one end of the two first support rods (111), the other ends of the two first support rods (111) being provided with a first bending portion (12) to form a welding end, the first bending portion (12) being bent along one side of the width direction of the first coil body (11).

4. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The coil with a span of y also includes a second coil (2), the second coil (2) is wound from the second inner layer of the slot opening to the second outer layer of the slot bottom, the second coil (2) includes a second coil body (21) and a second bent portion (22), the second coil body (21) includes two second support rods (211) arranged parallel to each other and a second head (212) connecting one end of the two second support rods (211), the other ends of the two second support rods (211) are provided with a second bent portion (22) to form a welding end, and the second bent portion (22) is bent along the width direction of the second coil body (21) and in a direction away from the second coil body (21).

5. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coil with a span of y-2 and a span of y+1 for same-layer commutation at the innermost layer of the slot include a third coil (3). The third coil (3) performs same-layer commutation at the innermost layer of the slot. The third coil (3) includes a third coil body (31) and a third bending portion (32). The third coil body (31) includes two third support rods (311) arranged parallel to each other and a third head (312) connecting one end of the two third support rods (311). The other ends of the two third support rods (311) are provided with a third bending portion (32) to form a welding end. The third bending portion (32) is bent along the width direction of the third coil body (31) and in a direction away from the third coil body (31); the bending direction of the third bending portion (32) is opposite to the bending direction of the first bending portion (12).

6. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The single coil also includes a fourth coil (4), the fourth coil (4) being arranged at the outermost layer of the slot bottom as a winding starting point or neutral point lead-out wire, the fourth coil (4) including a fourth coil body (41) and a fourth bending portion (42), the fourth coil body (41) including a fourth support rod (411), the fourth support rod (411) having a fourth head (412) and a fourth bending portion (42) at both ends, the fourth bending portion (42) forming a welding end; the bending direction of the fourth head (412) is the same as the bending direction of the fourth bending portion (42).

7. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The single coil comprises a fifth coil (5), the fifth coil (5) being arranged at the innermost layer of the slot as a winding starting point or neutral point lead-out wire, the fifth coil (5) comprising a fifth coil body (51) and a fifth bending portion (52), the fifth coil body (51) comprising a fifth support rod (511), the fifth support rod (511) having a fifth head (512) and a fifth bending portion (52) at both ends thereof, the fifth bending portion (52) forming a welding end; the bending direction of the fifth head (512) is the same as the bending direction of the fifth bending portion (52); the bending directions of the fourth bending portion (42) and the fifth bending portion (52) are opposite.

8. The stator short-pitch winding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The phase winding includes a group of winding branches, the first branch of the winding branches includes a single coil A0, coils a1-A2, a3-A4, a5-A6, a7-A8, a9-A10, a11-A12, a13-A14, a15-A16, a17-A18, a19-A20, a21-A22, a23-A24, a25-A26, a27-A28, a29-A30, a31-A32, a33-A34, and a single coil a35; The second branch in the winding branch includes a single coil B0, coils b1-B2, b3-B4, b5-B6, b7-B8, b9-B10, b11-B12, b13-B14, b15-B16, b17-B18, b19-B20, b21-B22, b23-B24, b25-B26, b27-B28, b29-B30, b31-B32, b33-B34, and a single coil b35; The third branch in the winding branch includes a single coil C0, coils c1-C2, c3-C4, c5-C6, c7-C8, c9-C10, c11-C12, c13-C14, c15-C16, c17-C18, c19-C20, c21-C22, c23-C24, c25-C26, c27-C28, c29-C30, c31-C32, c33-C34, and a single coil c35; The fourth branch in the winding branch includes a single coil D0, coils d1-D2, d3-D4, d5-D6, d7-D8, d9-D10, d11-D12, d13-D14, d15-D16, d17-D18, d19-D20, d21-D22, d23-D24, d25-D26, d27-D28, d29-D30, d31-D32, d33-D34, and a single coil d35; The single coil A0, the single coil C0, the single coil a35 and the single coil c35 are all located at the sixth layer of the slot opening in the iron core slot (61) along the slot bottom direction; The spans of a1-A2, a13-A14, a25-A26, c1-C2, c13-C14 and c25-C26 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the fifth layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are located at the fourth layer of the core slot (61); The spans of a3-A4, a15-A16, a27-A28, c3-C4, c15-C16 and c27-C28 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the third layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are located at the second layer of the core slot (61); The spans of a5-A6, a17-A18, c5-C6 and c17-C18 are all y+1, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the first layer of the core slot (61); the spans of a29-A30 and c29-C30 are all y-2, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the first layer of the core slot (61); The spans of a7-A8, a19-A20, a31-A32, c7-C8, c19-C20 and c31-C32 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the second layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are all located at the third layer of the core slot (61); The spans of a9-A10, a21-A22, a33-A34, c9-C10, c21-C22 and c33-C34 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are all located at the 5th layer of the core slot (61); The spans of a11-A12, a23-A24, c11-C12 and c23-C24 are all y, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the 6th layer of the core slot (61); The single coil B0, the single coil b35, the single coil D0 and the single coil d35 are all located at the first layer of the slot opening along the slot bottom direction in the iron core slot (61); The spans of b1-B2, b13-B14, b25-B26, d1-D2, d13-D14 and d25-D26 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the second layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are located at the third layer of the core slot (61); The spans of b3-B4, b15-B16, b27-B28, d3-D4, d15-D16 and d27-D28 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the 4th layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are located at the 5th layer of the core slot (61); The spans of b5-B6, b17-B18, b29-B30, d5-D6, d17-D18 and d29-D30 are all y, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the 6th layer of the core slot (61); The spans of b7-B8, b19-B20, b31-B32, d7-D8, d19-D20 and d31-D32 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the fifth layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are located at the fourth layer of the core slot (61); The spans of b9-B10, b21-B22, b33-B34, d9-D10, d21-D22 and d33-D34 are all y, and their upper edges are located at the third layer of the core slot (61), and their lower edges are located at the second layer of the core slot (61); The spans of b11-B12 and d11-D12 are both y-2, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the first layer of the core slot (61); the spans of b23-B24 and d23-D24 are both y+1, and their upper and lower layers are both located at the first layer of the core slot (61); In the winding branch, the single coil A0 is connected to the upper side of the coil a1-A2 by twist welding, the lower side of the coil a1-A2 is connected to the upper side of the coil a3-A4 by twist welding, the lower side of the coil a3-A4 is connected to the upper side of the coil a5-A6 by twist welding, the lower side of the coil a5-A6 is connected to the lower side of the coil a7-A8 by twist welding, and so on; the coil connection sequence is from the 6th and 5th layers, to the 4th and 3rd layers, and then to the 2nd and 1st layers, and after connecting across the same layer in the 1st layer, it transitions to the higher layer, and after two rounds, it comes out at the 6th layer.

9. A motor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stator short-pitch winding structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the motor as claimed in claim 9.

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