Transplanting method for preventing seedlings from skewing and seedling transplanter thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a transplanting method for preventing seedlings from skewing and a seedling transplanter thereof, relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and aims to keep the seedlings in a vertical state in a transplanting process and reduce or avoid skewing and lodging of the seedlings. The transplanting machine capable of preventing the seedlings from inclining comprises a power system, a walking system, a pond digging device and a transplanting device, according to the seedling transplanter, firstly, hardened layers of matrixes or soil at the bottoms of seedlings are removed, downward development of root systems is facilitated, meanwhile, the bottoms of the seedlings are trimmed into shapes with regular gravity centers and high adaptive capacity, then the seedlings are conveyed to the seedling placing device (7), the stability of the falling process of the seedlings is kept through an opening and closing piece (21) with a special supporting and clamping structure in the seedling placing device (7), and the seedlings are transplanted to the seedling transplanting machine. And finally, the seedling placing device (7) is lifted, and the seedlings are buried by the soil and fall into a vertical correct state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a transplanting method for preventing seedlings from tilting and a seedling transplanting machine thereof. Background Art

[0002] Transplanting seedlings is an important part of the planting process of many crops, and it is necessary to pay attention to many aspects, including transplanting time, seedling hardening, land preparation and fertilization, transplanting operations, and post-planting management. When transplanting, choose seedlings of the same size and ensure that the amount of fertilizer applied to each hole is the same; be careful during the transplanting process to avoid damaging the roots and leaves of the seedlings; water in time after transplanting to keep the soil moist and promote the growth of the seedlings. Transplanting seedlings of crops is a process that requires professional skills and careful management. Only by doing a good job of preparation before transplanting and management after transplanting can the healthy growth of seedlings and high yield and quality be ensured.

[0003] With the continuous development of agricultural machinery technology, the transplanting of seedlings of crops is currently basically semi-automatic transplanting assisted by transplanters, which reduces labor costs and improves labor productivity. It is an important trend in the development of agricultural mechanization and has broad application prospects. For example, "CN202222123187.7 A front-drive self-propelled seedling planting pond digging and transplanting composite machine" completes a series of operations such as pond digging, transplanting, fertilizing, and watering for seedling planting at one time, and plants crops in the pond at one time. Not only is the efficiency of pond digging and transplanting high, the operator only needs to send the seedlings to the seedling tray of the transplanting mechanism, and the rest of the work is automatically completed by this transplanter, with a high degree of mechanization.

[0004] However, when the above-mentioned transplanting equipment is used to place the seedlings, the plastic bag or non-woven bag at the bottom of the bagged seedlings is directly removed, and the cylindrical or inverted truncated cone-shaped matrix or soil carried by the bottom of the seedlings is placed in the seedling cup on the circular seedling tray, and transplanted through the seedling placer 7; in this process, after the packaging bag is removed from the bagged seedlings, no adjustment is made to improve their falling stability, resulting in the matrix or soil at the bottom partially falling off during the transfer of the seedlings, resulting in an uneven state and causing the center of gravity to shift; in addition, the duckbill transplanter used in the above-mentioned scheme or the prior art is a conical structure. Due to the large conical space, when the seedlings are too small, the center of gravity of the matrix shifts, and it is difficult for the seedlings to remain upright when they fall to the bottom of the cone. In addition, the bottom of the bagged seedlings is uneven, which eventually causes the soil in which the seedlings are transplanted to be skewed and fall over, which is not conducive to the growth of the seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a transplanting method and a seedling transplanting machine for preventing seedlings from tilting, so as to keep the seedlings in a vertical state during transplanting, and reduce or avoid tilting and lodging of the seedlings.

[0006] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is a transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting, characterized in that: It includes a power system, a walking system, a pond digging device, and a transplanting device; the transplanting device includes a transmission box and a seedling transport channel 1; the seedling transport channel 1 is installed on a frame 2 through a support frame, and a rotary conveyor belt 3 is arranged on it, which is driven by a rotary motor installed on the side of the support frame to perform intermittent movement with a fixed frequency; A movable baffle 4 is arranged below the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1, and the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is a 3 / 4 circular ring, an arc-shaped push plate 5 is arranged on the vertical side, and a semi-circular ring-shaped pressing plate 6 is arranged on the top, and the spacing between the pressing plate 6 and the bottom is adjustable; one end of the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is connected to the bottom of the support frame through a movable rotating pin, and the other end opposite to the movable rotating pin is connected to an adjustment motor arranged at the bottom of the support frame through a lever, and the adjustment motor drives the lever to drive the movable baffle 4 to rotate around the movable rotating pin to achieve closing or opening, and respectively support the seedlings placed above or push them toward the rotary conveyor belt 3; the outlet end of the seedling transport channel 1 is opposite to the inlet of the seedling device 7, and the seedlings are sent to the outlet end of the seedling transport channel 1 and enter the seedling device 7 through the guide barrel.

[0007] A shaping device for the seedling matrix or soil is arranged below the movable baffle 4 at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1. The device is mainly used to remove the compacted layer at the bottom of the matrix or soil carried by the roots of the seedlings, and to repair and level the bottom so that the bottom forms a shape with a central depression and gradually flat edges, thereby improving the accommodating capacity of the bottom of the seedling matrix or soil for the uneven surface of the transplanting pond and correcting the center of gravity line of the matrix or soil.

[0008] Its structure is as follows: below the bottom of the movable baffle 4, there are independently powered micro motors and lifting cylinders, the motor output shaft is vertically installed upward, and a shaping head is arranged on the top, the shaping head includes three parts, namely, a bottom trimming plate 8 and a side trimming plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a positioning shaft 10 connected to the lifting cylinder, wherein the positioning shaft 10 is sleeved in a hollow cylinder 11 on which the bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 are installed, and the two rotate with each other, and the top end of the positioning shaft 10 is inserted into the seedling matrix or soil to achieve positioning, and the bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft rotate with the motor.

[0009] The top of the positioning shaft 10 is provided with more than three spires, which are inserted into the center of the circular end face of the bottom of the matrix or soil; a bottom trimming plate 8 is fixed to the side of the hollow cylinder 11 below the top of the positioning shaft 10, and the inner end face of the bottom trimming plate 8 is fixed on the hollow cylinder 11 and extends outward, with its top gradually narrowing and the bottom being arranged horizontally. The overall shape is a right triangle, and a cutting edge is arranged on its hypotenuse; a vertical side trimming plate 9 is installed on the bottom side of the bottom trimming plate 8, and the vertical angle of the side trimming plate 9 is adjustable, and the distance between the side trimming plate 9 and the positioning shaft 10 can be adjusted and fixed along the slot to adapt to seedling matrices or soils of different shapes and bottom diameters.

[0010] The transplanting device comprises a seedling placing device 7, which is connected to a transmission box through a connecting rod and a transmission chain and is driven by the transmission box.

[0011] The seedling placing device 7 includes a left duckbill seat 12 and a right duckbill seat 13 which are semicircular in shape and have a notch on the top. Both of them have connecting holes on the raised parts on both sides of their respective middle parts. Two connecting shafts 14 pass through the connecting holes on both sides respectively, and the raised parts overlap with each other, so that the concave sides of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 are relatively connected together to form an arc-shaped feeding channel.

[0012] In addition, an "L"-shaped bracket 15 is mounted on the outer side of the two connecting shafts 14, the orientations of the brackets 15 are consistent, and a cross bar 16 is provided to connect the two brackets 15 into one, and is located on the side of the left duckbill seat 12 or the right duckbill seat 13; a through hole is provided in the middle position of the cross bar 16, in which a bushing 17 is installed, and an elastic support rod 18 is connected to the end of the bushing 17, and the other end of the elastic support rod 18 is connected to the left duckbill seat 12. The elastic support rod 18 has an opening inside, and a traction line 19 is provided to pass through the bushing 17, and pass through the hole in the elastic support rod 18 and the side wall of the left duckbill seat 12, extend along the arc-shaped side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13 and then be fixed on its outside.

[0013] On the outer walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 below the bracket 15, relative mounting seats are respectively set with the contact line between the two as the midpoint, and elastic reset connectors 20 are set on the mounting seats to pull the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 together.

[0014] Below the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, three-section semi-conical opening and closing pieces 21 are fixedly connected respectively, and the opening and closing piece 21 includes from top to bottom a vertical cylinder 21-1 and a first arc 21-2 and a second arc 21-3 with the same bending direction and different bending radii, as well as a first connecting section 21-4 connecting the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2, and a second connecting section 21-5 connecting the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3, which together constitute a three-section arc transition structure.

[0015] Preferably, a movable baffle 4 and a corresponding driving and transmission mechanism are provided below the outlet end of the seedling transport channel 1, which are symmetrical to the inlet end of the seedling transport channel 1. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 is kept closed before the seedlings are delivered. After the seedlings are delivered to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is rotated to open, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device 7 through the material guide tube.

[0016] Preferably, the traction line 19 is one, extending along the arc-shaped side wall on either side of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, and is fixed on the outside of the right duckbill seat 13 after penetrating the side wall.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the traction lines 19 is two, which extend along the arc-shaped side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 respectively, penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13 and are fixed on the outside thereof.

[0018] Preferably, a plurality of fastening buckles 22 are arranged at intervals along the traction line 19 on the installation path of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 to fit the traction line 19 to the side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 .

[0019] Preferably, the elastic reset connector 20 is a spring.

[0020] Preferably, the first connecting section 21-4 between the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2 faces inward, with a diameter of R=11.5cm; the first arc 21-2 faces outward, with a diameter of R=112cm; the second connecting section 16 between the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 faces inward, with a diameter of R=8cm; the second arc 21-3 faces outward, with a diameter of R=140cm.

[0021] A seedling anti-skew transplanting method using the above-mentioned seedling transplanting machine is characterized in that it includes the steps of transporting the seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their bottom, and placing the seedlings in the seedling placing device 7; 1. Transport of seedlings and shaping of bottom substrate or soil ① The seedlings are first placed in the storage tray above the seedling transport channel 1, and the operator manually places it at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1; at this time, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1 to support the seedlings, and after the seedlings are placed on it, they are accommodated between the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4; ② The positioning shaft 10 in the shaping device of the seedling matrix or soil rises upward, and under the clamping of the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4, the tip of the positioning shaft 10 penetrates the center of the circle below the seedling matrix or soil or a portion close to the center of the circle, thereby positioning the seedling matrix or soil; ③ The adjustment motor on the movable baffle 4 moves, driving the lever to drive the bottom of the movable baffle 4 to rotate a certain angle, and the bottom of the movable baffle 4 completely leaks out the bottom of the seedling. The bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 in the shaping device are driven by their motors to trim the substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling, remove or partially remove the compacted layer at the bottom, and shape it into a structure with an upwardly concave conical space, which can accommodate the small lumps of soil protruding from the bottom of the pond after the seedling falls, and prevent the frontal tilt caused by uneven ground. At the same time, the shaping process can adjust the overall center of gravity of the seedling and improve its stability; ④ After the seedlings have completed bottom shaping at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1, the motor is adjusted to move again, driving the arc-shaped push plate 5 vertically arranged on the side of the movable baffle 4 to rotate toward the rotary conveyor belt 3, pushing the shaped seedlings onto the rotary conveyor belt 3, which transports the seedlings to the seedling placement device 7.

[0022] The placement of seedlings in the seedling placing device 7 ① The seedlings are delivered to the top of the seedling placement device 7 of the seedling delivery channel 1 by the rotary conveyor belt 3. Before the seedlings arrive, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 arranged below the outlet end of the seedling delivery channel 1 is closed. After the seedlings are delivered to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is rotated and opened, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device 7 through the guide tube; ② The seedling enters the duckbill of the seedling placement device 7, and the three arc transition structures of the inner wall of the duckbill opening and closing pieces 21 on both sides sequentially form a planar support and hold the seedling, and form two force-bearing support parts in the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 to keep the seedling in a vertical state; ③ The duckbill falls and is inserted into the soil, pulling the traction line 19, and the two opening and closing pieces 21 are opened outward respectively, and the seedlings remain in a vertical state and fall into the pond. The concave concave concave space and the edge structure at the bottom of the seedlings are in contact with the bottom of the pond. After that, the assessment piece is kept in an open state and lifted up, and the surrounding soil returns to its position, burying the substrate or soil part of the seedlings, and the transplanting work is completed.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The seedling transplanter described in the present application first removes the compacted layer of the matrix or soil at the bottom of the seedlings, which is beneficial to the downward development of the root system, and at the same time trims the bottom into a shape with a regular center of gravity and high adaptability. The seedlings are then sent to the seedling placer 7, and the opening and closing pieces 21 with special support and clamping structures in the seedling placer 7 are used to maintain the stability of the seedlings during the falling process to prevent them from tipping over and tilting. Finally, the seedling placer 7 is raised, the soil buries the seedlings, and the seedlings fall into a correct vertical state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling transplanter described in this application.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling delivery channel described in Example 1.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure and operation status of the seedling delivery channel described in Example 2.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and operating status of the seedling transport channel described in Example 2.

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable baffle.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the coordinated use of the movable baffle and the seedling matrix or soil shaping device.

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the use status of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the second state of use of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three states of use of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0034] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the fourth state of use of the seedling substrate or soil shaping device.

[0035] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transplanting device described in Example 1.

[0036] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure and combination of the left duckbill seat and the right duckbill seat.

[0037] Fig.14It is a schematic diagram of the structure and combination of two opening and closing pieces.

[0038] Fig.15 yes Fig.12 Top view of the .

[0039] Fig.16 It is a top view of the transplanting device in Example 2.

[0040] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the support provided by the opening and closing pieces to the seedlings.

[0041] Fig.18 It is a schematic diagram of the seedling falling after the opening and closing piece is opened.

[0042] In the figure: seedling transport channel 1, frame 2, rotary conveyor belt 3, movable baffle 4, push plate 5, pressure plate 6, seedling placer 7, bottom finishing plate 8, side finishing plate 9, positioning shaft 10, hollow cylinder 11, left duckbill seat 12, right duckbill seat 13, connecting shaft 14, bracket 15, cross bar 16, bushing 17, support rod 18, traction line 19, elastic reset connector 20, opening and closing piece 21, vertical cylinder 21-1, first arc 21-2, second arc 21-3, first connecting section 21-4, second connecting section 21-5, fastening buckle 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0044] refer to Figure 1 , 2 ,as well as Figure 5-15 and Fig.17 , 18 The transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting described in this embodiment, The invention comprises a power system, a walking system, a pond digging device and a transplanting device; the transplanting device comprises a transmission box and a seedling transport channel 1; the seedling transport channel 1 is installed on a frame 2 through a support frame, on which a rotary conveyor belt 3 is arranged, which is driven by a rotary motor installed on the side of the support frame to perform intermittent movement with a fixed frequency; a movable baffle 4 is arranged below the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is a 3 / 4 ring, an arc-shaped push plate 5 is arranged on the vertical side, and a semi-circular ring-shaped pressing plate 6 is arranged on the top, and the spacing between the pressing plate 6 and the bottom is adjustable; one end of the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is connected to the bottom of the support frame through a movable rotating pin, and the other end opposite to the movable rotating pin is connected to an adjustment motor arranged at the bottom of the support frame through a lever, and the adjustment motor drives the lever, which can drive the movable baffle 4 to rotate around the movable rotating pin to achieve closing or opening, respectively supporting the seedlings placed on the top or pushing them to the rotary conveyor belt 3; the outlet end of the seedling transport channel 1 is opposite to the inlet of the seedling device 7, and the seedlings are sent to the outlet end of the seedling transport channel 1 and enter the seedling device 7 through the guide barrel.

[0045] A shaping device for seedling substrate or soil is arranged below the movable baffle 4 arranged at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1. The device is mainly used to remove the compacted layer at the bottom of the substrate or soil carried by the roots of the seedlings, and to repair and level the bottom so that the bottom forms a shape with a central depression and gradually flat edges, thereby improving the accommodating capacity of the bottom of the seedling substrate or soil for the uneven surface of the transplanting pond, and correcting the center of gravity line of the substrate or soil; its structure is as follows: below the bottom of the movable baffle 4, an independently powered micro motor and a lifting cylinder are arranged, the motor output shaft is vertically installed upward, and a shaping head is arranged on the top, the shaping head includes a three-part structure, namely a bottom trimming plate 8 and a side trimming plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a positioning shaft 10 connected to the lifting cylinder, wherein the positioning shaft 10 is sleeved on a hollow In the cylinder 11, the two rotate with each other, and the top of the positioning shaft 10 is inserted into the seedling matrix or soil to achieve positioning, while the bottom finishing plate 8 and the side finishing plate 9 fixedly connected to the motor output shaft rotate with the motor; the top of the positioning shaft 10 is provided with more than three spires, which are inserted into the center of the circular end surface of the bottom of the matrix or soil; a bottom finishing plate 8 is fixed to the side of the hollow cylinder 11 below the top of the positioning shaft 10, and the inner end surface of the bottom finishing plate 8 is fixed on the hollow cylinder 11 and extends outward, and its top gradually narrows, and the bottom end is arranged horizontally, and the overall shape is a right triangle, and a cutting edge is arranged on its hypotenuse; a vertical side finishing plate 9 is installed on the bottom side of the bottom finishing plate 8, and the vertical angle of the side finishing plate 9 is adjustable, and its distance from the positioning shaft 10 can be adjusted and fixed along the slot to adapt to seedling matrices or soils of different shapes and bottom diameters.

[0046] The transplanting device includes a seedling placer 7, which is connected to a transmission box through a connecting rod and a transmission chain and driven by the same; the seedling placer 7 includes a left duckbill seat 12 and a right duckbill seat 13 in a semicircular shape with a notch on the top, both of which have connecting holes on the raised parts on both sides of their respective middle parts, and two connecting shafts 14 pass through the connecting holes on both sides respectively, and the raised parts overlap with each other, so that the concave sides of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 are relatively connected together to form an arc-shaped feeding channel.

[0047] In addition, an "L"-shaped bracket 15 is mounted on the outer side of the two connecting shafts 14, the orientations of the brackets 15 are consistent, and a cross bar 16 is set to connect the two brackets 15 into one, and is located on the side of the left duckbill seat 12 or the right duckbill seat 13; in the middle position of the cross bar 16, a through hole is set, in which a bushing 17 is installed, and an elastic support rod 18 is connected to the end of the bushing 17, and the other end of the elastic support rod 18 is connected to the left duckbill seat 12. The elastic support rod 18 has an internal hole, and a traction line 19 is set to penetrate from the bushing 17 and pass through the elastic support The hole in the support rod 18 and the side wall of the left duckbill seat 12 extend along the arcuate side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13 and then be fixed on the outside thereof; the traction line 19 is one, extending along the arcuate side wall on any side of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13 and then be fixed on the outside thereof; preferably, a plurality of fastening buckles 22 are arranged at intervals along the traction line 19 on the installation path of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, and the traction line 19 is attached to the side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13.

[0048] On the outer walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 below the bracket 15, relative mounting seats are respectively set with the contact line between the two as the midpoint, and elastic reset connecting members 20 are set on the mounting seats. The elastic reset connecting member 20 is a spring, which pulls the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 together.

[0049] Below the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13, three-section semi-conical opening and closing pieces 21 are fixedly connected, respectively. The opening and closing piece 21 includes, from top to bottom, a vertical cylinder 21-1 and a first arc 21-2 and a second arc 21-3 with the same bending direction and different bending radii, as well as a first connecting section 21-4 connecting the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2, and a second connecting section 21-4 connecting the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3. 1-5, together forming a three-section arc transition structure; the first connecting section 21-4 between the vertical cylinder 21-1 and the first arc 21-2 faces inward, with a diameter of R=11.5cm; the first arc 21-2 faces outward, with a diameter of R=112cm; the third connecting section 16 between the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 faces inward, with a diameter of R=8cm; the second arc 21-3 faces outward, with a diameter of R=140cm.

[0050] A seedling anti-skew transplanting method using the above-mentioned seedling transplanting machine is characterized in that it includes the steps of transporting the seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at their bottom, and placing the seedlings in the seedling placing device 7; 1. Transport of seedlings and shaping of bottom substrate or soil ① The seedlings are first placed in the storage tray above the seedling transport channel 1, and the operator manually places it at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1; at this time, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1 to support the seedlings, and after the seedlings are placed on it, they are accommodated between the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4; ② The positioning shaft 10 in the shaping device of the seedling matrix or soil rises upward, and under the clamping of the bottom and top of the movable baffle 4, the tip of the positioning shaft 10 penetrates the center of the circle below the seedling matrix or soil or a portion close to the center of the circle, thereby positioning the seedling matrix or soil; ③ The adjustment motor on the movable baffle 4 moves, driving the lever to drive the bottom of the movable baffle 4 to rotate a certain angle, and the bottom of the movable baffle 4 completely leaks out the bottom of the seedling. The bottom trimming plate 8 and the side trimming plate 9 in the shaping device are driven by their motors to trim the substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling, remove or partially remove the compacted layer at the bottom, and shape it into a structure with an upwardly concave conical space, which can accommodate the small lumps of soil protruding from the bottom of the pond after the seedling falls, and prevent the frontal tilt caused by uneven ground. At the same time, the shaping process can adjust the overall center of gravity of the seedling and improve its stability; ④ After the seedlings have completed bottom shaping at the starting end of the seedling transport channel 1, the motor is adjusted to move again, driving the arc-shaped push plate 5 vertically arranged on the side of the movable baffle 4 to rotate toward the rotary conveyor belt 3, pushing the shaped seedlings onto the rotary conveyor belt 3, which transports the seedlings to the seedling placement device 7.

[0051] The placement of seedlings in the seedling placing device 7 ① The seedlings are delivered to the top of the seedling placement device 7 of the seedling delivery channel 1 by the rotary conveyor belt 3. Before the seedlings arrive, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 arranged below the outlet end of the seedling delivery channel 1 is closed. After the seedlings are delivered to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is rotated and opened, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device 7 through the guide tube; ② The seedling enters the duckbill of the seedling placement device 7, and the three arc transition structures of the inner wall of the duckbill opening and closing pieces 21 on both sides sequentially form a planar support and hold the seedling, and form two force-bearing support parts in the first arc 21-2 and the second arc 21-3 to keep the seedling in a vertical state; ③ The duckbill falls and is inserted into the soil, pulling the traction line 19, and the two opening and closing pieces 21 are opened outward respectively, and the seedlings remain in a vertical state and fall into the pond. The concave concave concave space and the edge structure at the bottom of the seedlings are in contact with the bottom of the pond. After that, the assessment piece is kept in an open state and lifted up, and the surrounding soil returns to its position, burying the substrate or soil part of the seedlings, and the transplanting work is completed. Example 2

[0052] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3-11 , 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, the structure of the transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting described in this embodiment is basically the same as that described in embodiment 1, except that: ① A movable baffle 4 and a corresponding driving and transmission mechanism are arranged below the outlet end of the seedling transport channel 1, which are symmetrical with the inlet end of the seedling transport channel 1. The bottom of the movable baffle 4 is kept closed before the seedlings are delivered. After the seedlings are delivered to it and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle 4 is rotated to open, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device 7 through the material guide tube.

[0053] ② There are two traction lines 19, which extend along the arc-shaped side walls of the left duckbill seat 12 and the right duckbill seat 13 respectively, penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat 13 and are fixed on the outside thereof.

[0054] In addition, the transplanting method for preventing seedlings from tilting described in this embodiment is implemented based on the above-mentioned transplanting machine, and its steps are basically the same as those in Example 1.

Claims

1. A transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting, characterized in that: It comprises a power system, a walking system, a pond digging device, and a transplanting device; the transplanting device comprises a transmission box and a seedling transport channel (1); the seedling transport channel (1) is mounted on a frame (2) via a support frame, a rotary conveyor belt (3) is arranged on the frame, and is driven by a rotary motor mounted on the side of the support frame to perform intermittent movement at a fixed frequency; A movable baffle (4) is arranged below the starting end of the seedling transport channel (1); the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is a 3 / 4 circular ring, an arc-shaped push plate (5) is arranged on the vertical side, and a semi-circular ring-shaped pressing plate (6) is arranged on the top, and the spacing between the pressing plate (6) and the bottom is adjustable; one end of the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is connected to the bottom of the support frame through a movable rotating pin, and the other end opposite to the movable rotating pin is connected to an adjustment motor arranged at the bottom of the support frame through a lever, and the adjustment motor drives the lever to drive the movable baffle (4) to rotate around the movable rotating pin to achieve closing or opening, respectively supporting the seedlings placed on the top or pushing them toward the rotary conveyor belt (3); the outlet end of the seedling transport channel (1) is opposite to the inlet of the seedling device (7), and the seedlings are delivered to the outlet end of the seedling transport channel (1) and enter the seedling device (7) through the guide tube; A seedling substrate or soil shaping device is provided below the movable baffle (4) at the starting end of the seedling transport channel (1), the device being mainly used to remove the compacted layer at the bottom of the substrate or soil carried by the roots of the seedlings, and to trim and level the bottom thereof; Its structure is as follows: an independently powered micro motor and a lifting cylinder are arranged below the bottom of the movable baffle (4); the motor output shaft is vertically installed upward, and a shaping head is arranged on the top thereof; the shaping head comprises a three-part structure, namely a bottom trimming plate (8) and a side trimming plate (9) fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and a positioning shaft (10) connected to the lifting cylinder; wherein the positioning shaft (10) is sleeved in a hollow cylinder (11) on which the bottom trimming plate (8) and the side trimming plate (9) are installed, and the two rotate relative to each other; the top end of the positioning shaft (10) is inserted into a seedling matrix or soil to achieve positioning, and the bottom trimming plate (8) and the side trimming plate (9) fixedly connected to the motor output shaft rotate with the motor; The top of the positioning shaft (10) is provided with more than three spires, which are inserted into the center of the circular end surface of the bottom of the matrix or soil; a bottom trimming plate (8) is fixed to the side of the hollow cylinder (11) below the top of the positioning shaft (10); the inner end surface of the bottom trimming plate (8) is fixed to the hollow cylinder (11) and extends outward, the top of which gradually narrows, and the bottom is arranged horizontally, the overall shape is a right triangle, and a cutting edge is arranged on the hypotenuse; a vertical side trimming plate (9) is installed on the bottom side of the bottom trimming plate (8), the vertical angle of the side trimming plate (9) is adjustable, and the distance between the side trimming plate (9) and the positioning shaft (10) can be adjusted and fixed along the slot; The transplanting device comprises a seedling placing device (7), which is connected to a transmission box via a connecting rod and a transmission chain and is driven thereby; The seedling placing device (7) comprises a left duckbill seat (12) and a right duckbill seat (13) in a semicircular shape and with a notch on the top, and both of them have connecting holes on the raised parts on both sides of the middle of each other, and two connecting shafts (14) pass through the connecting holes on both sides respectively, and the raised parts overlap each other, so that the concave sides of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) are relatively connected together to form an arc-shaped feeding channel; In addition, an "L"-shaped bracket (15) is mounted on the outer side of each of the two connecting shafts (14), the brackets (15) are oriented in the same direction, and a cross bar (16) is provided to connect the two brackets (15) into one body, and the brackets are located on the side of the left duckbill seat (12) or the right duckbill seat (13); a through hole is provided in the middle of the cross bar (16), in which a bushing (17) is installed, and an elastic support rod (18) is connected to the end of the bushing (17), and the other end of the elastic support rod (18) is connected to the left duckbill seat (12), and a hole is opened inside the elastic support rod (18), and a traction line (19) is provided to pass through the bushing (17), and pass through the hole in the elastic support rod (18) and the side wall of the left duckbill seat (12), extend along the arc-shaped side walls of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13), penetrate the side wall of the right duckbill seat (13) and then be fixed on the outside thereof; On the outer walls of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) below the bracket (15), opposite mounting seats are respectively arranged with the contact line between the two as the midpoint, and elastic reset connectors (20) are arranged on the mounting seats to pull the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13) together; A three-section semi-conical opening and closing piece (21) is fixedly connected below the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13), respectively. The opening and closing piece (21) comprises, from top to bottom, a vertical cylinder (21-1), a first arc (21-2) and a second arc (21-3) having the same bending direction and different bending radii, a first connecting section (21-4) connecting the vertical cylinder (21-1) and the first arc (21-2), and a second connecting section (21-5) connecting the first arc (21-2) and the second arc (21-3), together forming a three-section arc transition structure.

2. A transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A movable baffle (4) and a corresponding driving and transmission mechanism are arranged below the outlet end of the seedling transport channel (1) and are symmetrical to the inlet end of the seedling transport channel (1). The bottom of the movable baffle (4) remains closed before the seedlings are delivered. After the seedlings are delivered to the baffle and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) rotates open, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device (7) through the material guide tube.

3. The transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction line (19) is a single traction line extending along the arc-shaped side wall of either the left duckbill seat (12) or the right duckbill seat (13), and is fixed on the outer side of the side wall of the right duckbill seat (13) after penetrating the side wall of the right duckbill seat (13).

4. The transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction lines (19) are two in number, extending along the arc-shaped side walls of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13), respectively, and penetrating the side wall of the right duckbill seat (13) and then being fixed on the outside thereof.

5. A transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: A plurality of fastening buckles (22) are arranged at intervals along the traction line (19) on the installation path of the left duckbill seat (12) or / and the right duckbill seat (13), and the traction line (19) is attached to the side walls of the left duckbill seat (12) and the right duckbill seat (13).

6. The transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic reset connecting piece (20) is a spring.

7. The transplanter for preventing seedlings from tilting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first connecting section (21-4) between the vertical cylinder (21-1) and the first circular arc (21-2) faces inwards and has a diameter of R=11.5 cm; the first circular arc (21-2) faces outwards and has a diameter of R=112 cm; the second connecting section 16 between the first circular arc (21-2) and the second circular arc (21-3) faces inwards and has a diameter of R=8 cm; the second circular arc (21-3) faces outwards and has a diameter of R=140 cm.

8. A method for transplanting seedlings to prevent skewing using the above seedling transplanter, characterized in that: The method comprises the steps of transporting the seedlings and shaping the substrate or soil at the bottom thereof, and placing the seedlings in the seedling placing device (7); 1. Transport of seedlings and shaping of bottom substrate or soil ① The seedlings are first placed in a storage tray above the seedling transport channel (1), and the operator manually places them at the starting end of the seedling transport channel (1); at this time, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is at the starting end of the seedling transport channel (1) to support the seedlings, and after the seedlings are placed on it, they are accommodated between the bottom and top of the movable baffle (4); ② The positioning shaft (10) in the shaping device for the seedling matrix or soil rises upward, and under the clamping of the bottom and top of the movable baffle (4), the tip of the positioning shaft (10) penetrates the center of the circle below the seedling matrix or soil or a portion close to the center of the circle, thereby positioning the seedling matrix or soil; ③ The adjustment motor on the movable baffle (4) is activated, driving the lever to drive the bottom of the movable baffle (4) to rotate a certain angle, and the bottom of the movable baffle (4) completely leaks out the bottom of the seedling. The bottom trimming plate (8) and the side trimming plate (9) in the shaping device are driven by the motor to trim the substrate or soil at the bottom of the seedling, remove or partially remove the hardened layer at the bottom, and shape it into a structure with an upwardly concave conical space, which can accommodate the small lumps of soil protruding from the bottom of the pond after the seedling falls, and prevent the frontal tilt caused by the uneven ground. At the same time, the shaping process can adjust the overall center of gravity of the seedling and improve its stability; ④ After the seedlings have completed bottom shaping at the starting end of the seedling transport channel (1), the motor is adjusted to operate again, driving the arc-shaped push plate (5) vertically arranged on the side of the movable baffle (4) to rotate toward the rotary conveyor belt (3), pushing the shaped seedlings onto the rotary conveyor belt (3), which then transports the seedlings to the seedling placement device (7); The placement of seedlings in the seedling placement device (7) ① The seedlings are transported by the rotary conveyor belt (3) to the top of the seedling placement device (7) of the seedling transport channel (1). Before the seedlings arrive, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) provided below the outlet end of the seedling transport channel (1) is closed. After the seedlings are transported to the baffle and stop, the bottom of the movable baffle (4) is rotated to open, and the seedlings enter the seedling placement device (7) through the guide tube; ② The seedling enters the duckbill of the seedling placement device (7), and the three arc transition structures on the inner wall of the duckbill opening and closing pieces (21) on both sides sequentially form a planar support to hold the seedling, and form two force-bearing support parts on the first arc (21-2) and the second arc (21-3), so that the seedling remains in a vertical state; ③ The duckbill falls and is inserted into the soil, and the traction line (19) is pulled, and the two opening and closing pieces (21) are opened outward respectively, and the seedlings remain in a vertical state and fall into the pond. The concave concave concave space and the edge structure at the bottom of the seedlings are in contact with the bottom of the pond. After that, the assessment piece is kept in an open state and lifted up, and the surrounding soil returns to its position, burying the substrate or soil part of the seedlings, and the transplanting work is completed.

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