Organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic fertilizer with a soil conditioning function in the technical field of agricultural fertilizers. The organic fertilizer with the soil conditioning function comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40-50 parts of corn straws, 15-20 parts of soybean straws, 10-20 parts of activated carbon powder, 5-8 parts of bone meal and 5-8 parts of furfural residues. The fertilizer has the beneficial effects that the effect of fertilizing soil is achieved through organic matters and various trace elements rich in the raw materials of the corn straw, the soybean straw and the bone meal, and the acid reduction effect on the soil is achieved by neutralizing acidic substances in the soil through the activated carbon powder; the purpose of the invention is to realize the effect of improving the nutrient supply balance of the organic fertilizer through the design of proportioning according to the decomposition rate of each raw material by microorganisms in soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function. Background Art

[0002] As agricultural production continues, frequent planting will inevitably lead to problems such as decreased fertility, damaged soil structure and nutrient imbalance. Organic fertilizers with soil conditioning functions can improve soil health by supplementing soil organic matter, improving soil structure and balancing soil nutrients, thus providing a good environment for crop growth.

[0003] Some organic fertilizers with soil conditioning functions are designed to enhance the effects of fertilizing and reducing soil acidity. Fertilizing and reducing acidity include: 1. Enhancing the physical and chemical properties of the soil to improve the soil's buffering capacity and fertilizer retention and supply capacity; 2. Neutralizing soil acidity, lowering soil pH, and thus alleviating the acidification problem of soil.

[0004] However, the release rates of different nutrients in some organic fertilizers with enhanced fertilization and acid reduction effects on the market are different. Some nutrients may be easily decomposed by microorganisms and quickly released into the soil, while others may take a long time to be decomposed and utilized. However, this inconsistency in release rate will cause fluctuations and imbalances in the nutrient supply in the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to propose an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function that sets the mixing ratio according to the decomposition rate. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function, which is designed according to the rate at which each raw material is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil to achieve the effect of improving the nutrient supply balance of the organic fertilizer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function, comprising the following components measured by weight: 15-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40-50 parts of corn straw, 15-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of activated carbon powder, 5-8 parts of bone meal and 5-8 parts of furfural residue.

[0007] Furthermore, an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function includes the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of corn straw, 15 parts of soybean straw, 10 parts of activated carbon powder, 5 parts of bone meal and 5 parts of furfural residue.

[0008] Furthermore, an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function includes the following components by weight: 14 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 45 parts of corn straw, 17 parts of soybean straw, 15 parts of activated carbon powder, 6 parts of bone meal and 6 parts of furfural residue.

[0009] Furthermore, an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function includes the following components by weight: 20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of activated carbon powder, 8 parts of bone meal and 8 parts of furfural residue.

[0010] Further, the preparation steps of an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function are as follows:

[0011] Step 1: First, corn stalks, soybean stalks, furfural residue, bone meal, activated carbon powder and 1 / 2 of the formula weight portion of livestock and poultry manure are put into a crushing and stirring device for crushing and stirring treatment, and after the crushing and stirring treatment is completed, the mixture is taken out from the crushing device;

[0012] Step 2: Composting the taken-out mixed material at a selected site. After 10 days of composting, add the remaining 1 / 2 of the formula weight of livestock and poultry manure to the compost and compost for another 30 days. Turn the compost during the composting process. After a total of 40 days of composting, the compost is completed when it is dark brown in color, has no odor, and has a loose texture.

[0013] Step three, drying the composted mixture.

[0014] Further, in the step 1, the crushing and stirring device includes a tank body with a cylindrical structure, a feeding port for feeding raw materials is opened at the center of the top of the tank body, a plurality of powder feeding ports for feeding activated carbon powder are opened around the feeding port on the top of the tank body, a hollow disc-shaped powder feeding bin is provided in the tank body, the powder feeding bin is slidably connected to the top wall of the tank body, a plurality of powder inlets corresponding to the powder feeding ports are opened on the top surface of the powder feeding bin, a plurality of powder outlets are opened at the bottom of the powder feeding bin, the diameter of the powder outlets is smaller than the diameter of the powder inlet, and the number of the powder outlets is greater than the number of the powder inlet;

[0015] A cylindrical water spraying bin is fixedly connected to the bottom of the powder feeding bin, a gap is provided between the water spraying bin and the inner wall of the tank body, the radius of the hollow bottom opening of the water spraying bin cylinder wall is smaller than the radius of the tank body, a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water spraying bin, a water pump is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe, the end of the water inlet pipe away from the water pump passes through the side wall of the tank body and extends to the outside of the tank body, and a plurality of atomizing nozzles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water spraying bin;

[0016] A through slot for the mixed material to pass through is provided below the water spray bin, the through slot is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank body, a first sieve plate is fixedly connected to the top of the through slot, a number of primary sieve holes for primary screening of raw materials are provided on the first sieve plate, a second sieve plate located below the first sieve plate is provided in the through slot, the second sieve plate includes an upper sieve plate and a lower sieve plate, the lower sieve plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through slot, a number of springs are fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower sieve plate, the top of the springs is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper sieve plate, the upper sieve plate is slidably matched with the inner wall of the through slot, and a number of corresponding secondary sieve holes for secondary screening of raw materials are provided on both the upper sieve plate and the lower sieve plate;

[0017] A material taking cavity is connected to one side of the bottom of the through groove, and the material taking cavity extends through the through groove and the tank body to the outside of the tank body and is connected to both the through groove and the outside of the tank body. A plurality of air holes for gas to pass through are opened at the top of the material taking cavity corresponding to the bottom of the side wall of the through groove, and the air holes penetrate the side wall of the through groove. A material taking cover is detachably connected to the side wall of the tank body at the material taking cavity, and a sealing ring is detachably connected to the connection between the material taking cover and the tank body;

[0018] A motor is embedded in the bottom wall of the through slot, and a sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor output shaft. The end of the sleeve away from the motor sequentially passes through the bottom wall of the through slot, the upper sieve plate, the lower sieve plate and the first sieve plate and extends to above the first sieve plate. A plurality of stirring rods located between the first sieve plate and the upper sieve plate and a plurality of fixed blocks located above the first sieve plate are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve. A crushing blade is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed block. An elastic ball is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water spray bin within the motion trajectory of the fixed block.

[0019] In the step 1, corn stalks, soybean stalks, furfural residues, bone meal and 1 / 2 of the formula weight of livestock and poultry manure are mixed and put together through the feeding port of the pulverizing device, and activated carbon powder is put in through several powder feeding ports of the pulverizing device.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 2, site selection is required for composting treatment. A site with good ventilation and rain and sun protection is selected for composting, and a flat and solid cement ground is selected as the composting bottom surface.

[0021] Furthermore, in the step 2, the compost pile is required to be 1.2-1.8 meters high and 2.3-2.8 meters wide. After the compost pile is prepared, 1-2.5 parts by weight of microbial agent are added to the compost pile.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step 2, the compost pile is turned once a day from the 1st to the 15th day, once every 2 days from the 16th to the 25th day, and once every 3 days from the 26th to the 40th day.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step three, the drying treatment of the mixed material after the composting treatment is heating and drying, and the drying requires that the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is 5%-20% and the drying temperature is 80-120°C.

[0024] The effects of each component used in the present invention are as follows:

[0025] Livestock and poultry manure: As a traditional raw material for organic fertilizer, it has a high organic matter content, but due to its high fiber content, it is not easy to decompose. When used, it is decomposed and fermented in advance through composting to facilitate full decomposition and fermentation during subsequent use to kill insect eggs, bacteria and weed seeds.

[0026] Corn stalks: 1. Contains rich organic matter. After fermentation, it can significantly increase the content of organic matter in the soil and provide a long-term and stable source of nutrients for the soil.

[0027] 2. The organic acid produced during the decomposition process can reduce the soil pH value, which is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients by plants. At the same time, its good air permeability and water retention capacity help improve the soil structure and increase the soil's air permeability and water retention capacity.

[0028] 3. The various organic substances in corn stalks can promote soil microbial decomposition, release nutrients needed by plants, help plant growth and development, effectively reduce pollution and waste, reduce the negative impact of chemical fertilizers on the environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development.

[0029] Soybean straw: 1. Soybean straw contains a large amount of nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which can significantly increase the soil organic matter content and improve soil fertility.

[0030] 2. The decomposition of soybean straw helps to improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water retention capacity, and create good conditions for crop root growth.

[0031] 3. As an organic fertilizer, soybean straw can provide balanced nutrition for crops, promote crop growth and development, and increase crop yield and quality.

[0032] 4. During the composting process, soybean straw and corn straw require a long time and suitable microbial conditions to be completely decomposed. However, straw materials are rich in carbon, which helps to improve soil structure and increase soil organic matter content, so the design weight calculation is more.

[0033] Activated carbon powder: 1. Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity and can absorb harmful substances such as heavy metals and pesticide residues in the soil, reducing their toxicity to plants and pollution to the environment.

[0034] 2. Activated carbon can neutralize the acid and alkaline substances in the soil, help maintain the appropriate pH of the soil, provide a suitable growth environment for plants, and achieve the effect of reducing soil acidity.

[0035] 3. The decomposition rate of activated carbon powder in soil is very slow because its main component is carbon, which has high chemical and physical stability. However, activated carbon can play an adsorption role for a long time, so the weight ratio is designed to be moderate.

[0036] Bone meal: 1. Bone meal contains a high content of phosphorus, which is an indispensable nutrient for plant growth and is essential for plant growth and flowering and fruiting. Phosphorus can promote the development of plant roots, enhance the plant's absorption capacity, and improve the plant's resistance to stress and yield.

[0037] 2. In addition to phosphorus, bone meal also contains calcium, magnesium, zinc and other trace elements. These elements also have a positive effect on the growth and development of plants, and can meet the needs of plants for nutrients at different growth stages.

[0038] Furfural residue: 1. The organic matter content of furfural residue can reach more than 98%, which is a good raw material for making biological organic fertilizer.

[0039] 2. Furfural residue is rich in organic matter and humic acid. After application, it can increase the amount of soil aggregate structure and enhance soil permeability.

[0040] 3. After decomposition, furfural residue contains high levels of pentosan, which is a high-quality energy source for beneficial soil microorganisms. It can increase the activity of soil microorganisms after application.

[0041] 4. The decomposition rate of furfural residue is relatively slow because it contains high lignin and other difficult-to-degrade organic matter, so the designed content is relatively low.

[0042] The following beneficial effects are achieved by adopting the above scheme: 1. The raw materials of corn stalks, soybean stalks and bone meal in the organic fertilizer raw materials of the present invention are rich in organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and various trace elements, which can significantly improve the fertility of the soil and provide comprehensive and lasting nutrients for plants. In addition, the decomposition of corn stalks and soybean stalks helps to increase the porosity of the soil, improve the air permeability and water retention capacity of the soil, play the role of fertilizing the soil, and create good conditions for the growth of crop roots.

[0043] 2. Activated carbon powder has a strong adsorption capacity and can absorb harmful substances such as heavy metals and pesticide residues in the soil, reducing their toxicity to plants and pollution to the environment. On the other hand, activated carbon powder can neutralize acidic substances in the soil, help maintain the appropriate pH of the soil, reduce the acidity of the soil, and provide a suitable growth environment for plants. In addition, the acidic substances produced after the decomposition of furfural residue can have an alkaline restraining effect on the activated carbon that decomposes more slowly, reducing the probability of excessive soil alkalinity due to excessive activated carbon.

[0044] 3. The raw materials are crushed and stirred by the designed crushing and stirring device, which realizes the full crushing and mixing of the raw materials, and the uniform distribution and mixing of the activated carbon powder and the raw materials. Since the present invention formulates the ratio according to the rate at which each raw material is decomposed by microorganisms in the soil, and the full crushing and mixing can reduce the deviation between the decomposition rate of each raw material in the actual use process and the preset decomposition rate, improve the accuracy of designing the ratio of each raw material to control the balance of nutrient supply, make the designed ratio of each raw material more reasonable, and improve the overall effect of the fertilizer. In addition, through the adsorption effect of the activated carbon powder, the emission of odor in the stirring and crushing process is reduced, and the production environment is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps for making the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of a crushing device in the production step of an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional view of a crushing device in the steps of making an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. tank body; 101. feeding port; 102. powder feeding port; 2. powder feeding bin; 201. powder inlet; 202. powder outlet; 3. water spray bin; 301. atomizing nozzle; 302. elastic ball; 4. through groove; 401. first sieve plate; 402. second sieve plate; 403. upper sieve plate; 404. lower sieve plate; 405. spring; 5. feeding chamber; 6. air hole; 7. feeding cover; 701. sealing ring; 8. motor; 9. sleeve; 10. stirring rod; 11. fixing block; 12. crushing blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] An organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function comprises the following components measured by weight: 15-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40-50 parts of corn straw, 15-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of activated carbon powder, 5-8 parts of bone meal and 5-8 parts of furfural residue.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] The difference from the above embodiment is that the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function includes the following components by weight: 15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of corn straw, 15 parts of soybean straw, 10 parts of activated carbon powder, 5 parts of bone meal and 5 parts of furfural residue.

[0054] Embodiment 3:

[0055] The difference from the above embodiment is that the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function includes the following components by weight: 14 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 45 parts of corn straw, 17 parts of soybean straw, 15 parts of activated carbon powder, 6 parts of bone meal and 6 parts of furfural residue.

[0056] Embodiment 4:

[0057] The difference from the above embodiment is that the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function includes the following components by weight: 20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of corn straw, 20 parts of soybean straw, 20 parts of activated carbon powder, 8 parts of bone meal and 8 parts of furfural residue.

[0058] Embodiment 5:

[0059] The difference from the above embodiment is that basically Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to Examples 1-4, the steps for preparing an organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function by selecting any weight portion are as follows:

[0060] Step 1: First, corn stalks, soybean stalks, furfural residues, bone meal, activated carbon powder and 1 / 2 of the formula weight portion of livestock and poultry manure are put into a crushing and stirring device for crushing and stirring treatment;

[0061] The crushing and stirring device includes a cylindrical tank body 1, and a feeding port 101 for feeding raw materials is opened at the center of the top of the tank body 1; corn straw, soybean straw, furfural residue, bone meal and 1 / 2 of the formula weight of livestock and poultry manure are mixed and put into the crushing device through the feeding port 101. A plurality of powder feeding ports 102 for feeding activated carbon powder are provided around the feeding port 101 at the top of the tank body 1, a hollow disc-shaped powder feeding bin 2 is provided in the tank body 1, the powder feeding bin 2 is slidably connected to the inner top wall of the tank body 1 through a slider slide groove structure, a plurality of powder inlets 201 corresponding to the powder feeding ports 102 are provided on the top surface of the powder feeding bin 2, a plurality of powder outlets 202 are provided at the bottom of the powder feeding bin 2, the diameter of the powder outlets 202 is smaller than the diameter of the powder inlet 201, and the number of the powder outlets 202 is greater than the number of the powder inlet 201; activated carbon powder is respectively fed into the plurality of powder feeding ports 102 of the pulverizing device, at this time, the activated carbon powder enters the powder feeding bin 2 through the powder feeding port 102 and the powder inlet 201, and can fall out of the powder feeding bin 2 through the powder outlet 202 to be evenly mixed with the raw material mixture, thereby improving the mixing rate of the activated carbon.

[0062] A cylindrical water spray bin 3 is welded to the bottom of the powder feeding bin 2, and a gap is provided between the water spray bin 3 and the inner wall of the tank body 1. The radius of the hollow bottom opening of the water spray bin 3 is smaller than the radius of the tank body. A water inlet pipe is welded to the outer wall of the water spray bin 3, and a water pump is welded on the water inlet pipe. The end of the water inlet pipe away from the water pump passes through the side wall of the tank body 1 and extends to the outside of the tank body 1. A plurality of atomizing nozzles 301 are welded to the inner wall of the water spray bin 3; in the process of mixing activated carbon powder and mixed raw materials, water is pumped by the water pump from the water inlet pipe to the water spray bin 3, and then atomized by the atomizing nozzle 301 to spray water into the raw material mixture in the form of mist. On the one hand, it is beneficial to reduce the probability of reduced efficiency of the stirring or crushing process due to excessive drying of the raw material mixing process. On the other hand, spraying water in the form of mist can reduce the accumulation and blockage of activated carbon powder at the powder outlet 202.

[0063] A through slot 4 for the mixed material to pass through is provided below the water spraying bin 3, the through slot 4 is welded to the inner wall of the tank body 1, a first sieve plate 401 is welded to the top of the through slot 4, a plurality of primary sieve holes for primary screening of the raw materials are provided on the first sieve plate 401, a second sieve plate 402 is provided below the first sieve plate 401 in the through slot 4, the second sieve plate 402 includes an upper sieve plate 403 and a lower sieve plate 404, the lower sieve plate 404 is welded to the inner wall of the through slot 4, a plurality of springs 405 are welded to the top surface of the lower sieve plate 404, and the springs 405 The top is welded to the bottom surface of the upper sieve plate 403, the upper sieve plate 403 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the through slot 4, the upper sieve plate 403 and the lower sieve plate 404 are both provided with a number of corresponding secondary sieve holes for secondary screening of raw materials, a motor 8 is embedded in the bottom wall of the through slot 4, a sleeve 9 is coaxially welded to the output shaft of the motor 8, the end of the sleeve 9 away from the motor 8 sequentially passes through the bottom wall of the through slot 4, the upper sieve plate 403, the lower sieve plate 404 and the first sieve plate 401 to extend above the first sieve plate 401, and a number of secondary sieve holes are welded to the side wall of the sleeve 9 located at the first sieve plate 401. A stirring rod 10 between a sieve plate 401 and an upper sieve plate 403 and several fixed blocks 11 located above the first sieve plate 401, a crushing blade 12 is welded on one side of the fixed block 11, and an elastic ball 302 is symmetrically adhered to the inner wall of the water spray bin 3 within the movement trajectory of the fixed block 11; while starting the motor 8, the raw materials are put in, and each raw material is crushed in the chamber formed inside the water spray bin 3, the rotation of the motor 8 drives the coaxially welded sleeve 9 to rotate, and the rotation of the sleeve 9 will drive several fixed blocks 11 to rotate, and the fixed blocks 11 will drive the welded crushing blades 12 to continue to rotate, and continue to cut and crush the raw materials, at this time, several symmetrical elastic balls 302 located in the movement trajectory of the fixed block 11 will realize a reciprocating displacement in one direction under the impact of the fixed block 11, which plays a reciprocating driving role on the water spray bin 3, and the powder feeding bin 2 welded to the water spray bin 3 also reciprocates, reducing the problem of uneven mixing caused by the activated carbon powder blocking the powder outlet 202, and improving the mixing rate of the activated carbon powder.

[0064] When the raw materials are crushed, the raw material particles smaller than the primary sieve holes will pass through the primary sieve holes into the through slot 4. At this time, the rotation of the sleeve 9 drives the stirring rods 10 to rotate, and the crushed raw materials passing through the primary sieve holes are mixed and stirred to increase the uniformity of the subsequent organic fertilizer. The mixed material stirred by the stirring rods 10 will fall onto the upper sieve plate 403. Since the stirring rods 10 are in continuous rotation, the mixed raw materials are not in liquid state, and fall onto the upper sieve plate 403 to generate pressure on the upper sieve plate 403, so that the springs 405 welded at the bottom of the upper sieve plate 403 Compression, when the raw materials seep through the lower sieve plate 404, the continuous stirring of the mixed raw materials by the stirring rod 10 causes irregular force on the upper sieve plate 403, and the plurality of springs 405 will release the stored pressure. Under the action of irregular force and repeated thrust of the plurality of springs 405, the upper sieve plate 403 achieves a vibration effect, which is beneficial to the infiltration of the mixed raw materials after stirring and reduces the probability of clogging the secondary sieve holes, so as to achieve more refined screening of the mixed raw materials by the secondary sieve holes and reduce the content of larger impurities in the mixed raw materials after stirring.

[0065] In addition, since the core of the present invention is to carefully design the mixing ratio of different raw materials based on the natural rate of degradation by microorganisms in the soil, the fine crushing and uniform mixing by the crushing and stirring device can effectively narrow the gap between the decomposition rate of the raw materials in practical applications and the theoretical preset value, improve the ability to accurately control the soil nutrient balance by adjusting the raw material ratio, enhance the scientificity and rationality of the ratio design, and ensure the accuracy and sustainability of soil nutrient supply after fertilization.

[0066] A feeding chamber 5 is connected to one side of the bottom of the through groove 4, and the feeding chamber 5 extends through the through groove 4 and the tank body 1 to the outside of the tank body 1 and is connected to the through groove 4 and the outside of the tank body 1. A plurality of air holes 6 for gas to pass through are provided at the top of the feeding chamber 5 corresponding to the bottom of the side wall of the through groove 4. The air holes 6 pass through the side wall of the through groove 4. A feeding cover 7 is detachably connected to the side wall of the tank body 1 at the feeding chamber 5. A sealing ring 701 is sleeved at the connection between the feeding cover 7 and the tank body 1. After stirring, the mixed raw materials will accumulate in the feeding chamber 5 at the bottom of the through groove 4. At this time, the odor volatilized from the livestock and poultry manure in the mixed raw materials will accumulate and dissipate faster. A sealing ring 701 is provided to isolate most of the gas from escaping from the material taking cover 7. Most of the gas will escape back into the powder feeding bin 2 through the air hole 6 and be dispersed through the feed port. In this process, the odorous gas needs to pass through the powder feeding bin 2. The design of the activated carbon powder in the powder feeding bin 2 can, on the one hand, absorb the odorous gas rising from the material taking chamber 5, and on the other hand, absorb the mixed gas in the crushing and stirring process, reduce the impact of the discharged odorous gas on the external environment, and achieve the effect of recycling the activated carbon powder. When the crushing and stirring process is completed, the operator can take out the mixed raw materials by opening the material taking cover 7.

[0067] Step 2: After taking out the mixed raw materials, a well-ventilated site with rain and sun protection functions is selected for composting, a flat and solid cement ground is selected as the composting bottom surface, and a compost pile with a height of 1.2-1.8 meters and a width of 2.3-2.8 meters is prepared. After the compost pile is prepared, 1-2.5 parts by weight of a microbial agent is added to the compost pile, and the compost pile is composted for 40 days. The compost is turned once a day within the first 15 days. After 10 days of composting, the remaining 1 / 2 part by weight of livestock and poultry manure is added to the compost, and the compost is turned once every 2 days within the 16th to 25th days. Finally, the compost is turned once every 3 days from the 26th to the 40th day. When the compost is dark brown in color, has no odor, and has a loose texture, the composting is completed.

[0068] Step 3: Dry the composted mixture at a drying temperature of 80-120° C. to a moisture content of 5%-20% after drying.

[0069] The weight proportions of the raw materials in the examples are selected according to any one of Examples 1-4.

[0070] The functions of each component used in the present invention are as follows:

[0071] Livestock and poultry manure: It is rich in organic matter, but also rich in fiber, which makes the natural decomposition process relatively slow. In order to accelerate its decomposition and promote sufficient fermentation for subsequent use, while effectively killing potential insect eggs, bacteria and weed seeds, composting has become an effective pre-step.

[0072] Corn stalks: 1. Contains rich organic matter. After fermentation, it can significantly increase the content of organic matter in the soil and provide a long-term and stable source of nutrients for the soil.

[0073] 2. The organic acid produced during the decomposition process can reduce the soil pH value, which is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients by plants. At the same time, its good air permeability and water retention capacity help improve the soil structure and increase the soil's air permeability and water retention capacity.

[0074] 3. The various organic substances in corn stalks can promote soil microbial decomposition, release nutrients needed by plants, help plant growth and development, effectively reduce pollution and waste, reduce the negative impact of chemical fertilizers on the environment, and promote sustainable agricultural development.

[0075] Soybean straw: 1. Soybean straw contains a large amount of nutrients such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, which can significantly increase the soil organic matter content and improve soil fertility.

[0076] 2. The decomposition of soybean straw helps to improve soil structure, increase soil porosity, improve soil aeration and water retention capacity, and create good conditions for crop root growth.

[0077] 3. As an organic fertilizer, soybean straw can provide balanced nutrition for crops, promote crop growth and development, and increase crop yield and quality.

[0078] 4. During the composting process, soybean straw and corn straw require a long time and suitable microbial conditions to be completely decomposed. However, straw materials are rich in carbon, which helps to improve soil structure and increase soil organic matter content, so the design weight calculation is more.

[0079] Activated carbon powder: 1. Activated carbon has a strong adsorption capacity and can absorb harmful substances such as heavy metals and pesticide residues in the soil, reducing their toxicity to plants and pollution to the environment.

[0080] 2. Activated carbon can neutralize the acid and alkaline substances in the soil, help maintain the appropriate pH of the soil, provide a suitable growth environment for plants, and achieve the effect of reducing soil acidity.

[0081] 3. The decomposition rate of activated carbon powder in soil is very slow because its main component is carbon, which has high chemical and physical stability. However, activated carbon can play an adsorption role for a long time, so the weight ratio is designed to be moderate.

[0082] Bone meal: 1. Bone meal contains a high content of phosphorus, which is an indispensable nutrient for plant growth and is essential for plant growth and flowering and fruiting. Phosphorus can promote the development of plant roots, enhance the absorption capacity of plants, and improve plant resistance and yield.

[0083] 2. In addition to phosphorus, bone meal also contains calcium, magnesium, zinc and other trace elements. These elements also have a positive effect on the growth and development of plants, and can meet the needs of plants for nutrients at different growth stages.

[0084] Furfural residue: 1. The organic matter content of furfural residue can reach more than 98%, which is a good raw material for making biological organic fertilizer.

[0085] 2. Furfural residue is rich in organic matter and humic acid. After application, it can increase the amount of soil aggregate structure and enhance soil permeability.

[0086] 3. After decomposition, furfural residue contains high levels of pentosan, which is a high-quality energy source for beneficial soil microorganisms. It can increase the activity of soil microorganisms after application.

[0087] 4. The decomposition rate of furfural residue is relatively slow because it contains high lignin and other difficult-to-degrade organic matter, so the designed content is relatively low.

[0088] The following tests were conducted based on the above organic fertilizers with soil conditioning function:

[0089] Experiment 1

[0090] Purpose:

[0091] Verify the effectiveness of this formulated organic fertilizer in improving soil fertility, soil structure and balancing soil nutrients.

[0092] Experimental Materials:

[0093] Fertilizer of the experimental group: the organic fertilizer formula of the present invention is adopted (such as Example 3: 14 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 45 parts of corn straw, 17 parts of soybean straw, 15 parts of activated carbon powder, 6 parts of bone meal and 6 parts of furfural residue).

[0094] Fertilizer for control group: conventional commercial organic fertilizer.

[0095] Experimental soil: Select soil samples with low fertility and poor structure.

[0096] Experimental steps:

[0097] Soil preparation: Select several soil samples with similar fertility and randomly assign them into experimental and control groups.

[0098] Fertilization treatment: The experimental group was treated with the organic fertilizer of the present invention, and the control group was treated with commercially available conventional organic fertilizer, and the fertilizers were applied in the same amount.

[0099] Cultivation and management: Cultivate under the same conditions, water and weed regularly, etc.

[0100] Regular testing: At different time points after fertilization (before fertilization, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after fertilization), test the soil pH value, organic matter content, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient contents.

[0101] Data analysis: The test results of the experimental group and the control group were compared to evaluate the conditioning effect of the organic fertilizer of the present invention on the soil.

[0102] The measurement results of various indicators were recorded, and statistical analysis was performed to compare the differences between the groups to obtain the following results:

[0103] Table 1: Effects of different proportions of organic fertilizers with soil conditioning function of the present invention on soil physical and chemical properties:

[0104] Time Experimental group (organic fertilizer of the present invention) Control group (commercially available conventional organic fertilizer) pH Organic matter content (%) Before fertilization 5.5 1.5 1 month 6.0 2.0 3 months 6.5 2.5 6 months 7.0 3.0

[0105] Analysis of the above experimental results revealed that the soil pH value of the experimental group gradually increased from 5.5 before fertilization to 7.0 after 6 months, indicating that the organic fertilizer of the present invention has a significant acid-reducing effect. The soil pH value of the control group also increased, but the increase was smaller; the soil organic matter content of the experimental group increased significantly, from 1.5% before fertilization to 3.0% after 6 months, indicating that the organic fertilizer of the present invention can significantly increase the soil organic matter content. The soil organic matter content of the control group also increased, but the increase was smaller; the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrient contents in the soil of the experimental group increased, and the increase was greater than that of the control group, indicating that the organic fertilizer of the present invention is more effective in balancing soil nutrients.

[0106] Experiment 2

[0107] Experimental object: Use standard soil samples to simulate the actual soil environment.

[0108] Purpose of the experiment: This experiment aims to simulate and verify the decomposition rate of each component of organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function (livestock and poultry manure, corn straw, soybean straw, activated carbon powder, bone meal and furfural residue) in the soil, and evaluate its effect of delaying decomposition, so as to verify the rationality of fertilizer ratio and its contribution to the balance of soil nutrient supply.

[0109] Sample preparation: According to the ratios in Examples 2-4, three groups of organic fertilizer samples were prepared respectively, and the weight of each group of samples was the same.

[0110] Soil preparation: Prepare sufficient standard soil samples and adjust parameters such as pH value and organic matter content to the appropriate range.

[0111] Mixing and cultivation: Each group of fertilizer samples was fully mixed with an equal amount of simulated soil, placed in a constant temperature incubator, and cultured under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions.

[0112] Regular testing: During the cultivation process, samples are taken regularly (every 5 days) to test the nutrient content (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.), pH value and residual amount of each organic component in the soil.

[0113] According to the test results, the decomposition rate of each component in the soil and its impact on soil nutrient supply were analyzed to obtain the following results:

[0114] Table 2: Statistics on the decomposition rate of each component of the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function in the present invention in the soil and its influence on the soil nutrient supply:

[0115] Experimental groups Decomposition rate (% / day) Soil nutrient changes (mg / kg) Example 2 0.6-1.1 N:+55, P:+35, K:+25 Example 3 0.55-1.05 N:+60, P:+40, K:+30 Example 4 0.45-0.95 N:+65, P:+45, K:+35

[0116] Analysis of the above experimental data shows that the decomposition rates of the components in the organic fertilizer of the present invention in the soil are relatively balanced, with a difference of no more than 0.5% / day, and with the increase of slow-release components such as activated carbon powder, the decomposition rate slows down, thereby achieving a continuous supply of nutrients and a balance of soil nutrients. In addition, each experimental group significantly increased the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the soil, indicating that the organic fertilizer has a significant effect of reducing soil acidity and improving fertility.

[0117] Experiment 3

[0118] Experimental purpose: To verify the effect of the mixing and crushing device on the nutrient decomposition balance of organic fertilizer.

[0119] Experimental materials: organic fertilizer processed by a stirring and crushing device (prepared according to the formula in the reference material);

[0120] Organic fertilizer not treated with the stirring and crushing device (as the control group);

[0121] Simulate soil environment (using culture medium containing a certain amount of microorganisms);

[0122] Experimental steps:

[0123] Two groups of fertilizer samples were prepared: one group was organic fertilizer processed using a mixing and crushing device, and the other group was unprocessed organic fertilizer.

[0124] Two groups of fertilizer samples were added in equal amounts into two identical simulated soil environments.

[0125] Samples were taken from the two soil environments at different time points (e.g., week 1, week 2, week 4, week 8, week 12). The amount of organic matter in each sample was determined using a nutrient analyzer. The data was recorded and analyzed to compare the nutrient breakdown of the two fertilizer groups at different time points.

[0126] Table 3: Statistics on the influence of the crushing and stirring device on the nutrient decomposition balance of organic fertilizer in the preparation step of the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function of the present invention:

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Analysis of the above experimental data shows that by comparing the organic matter content of the stirring and crushing treatment group and the untreated control group at different time points, it can be concluded that the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer proposed by the present invention prepared using the stirring and crushing device at any time point is 5-10% higher than that of the organic fertilizer prepared without using the stirring device. It can be evaluated that the stirring and crushing device improves the nutrient decomposition balance of the organic fertilizer, thereby indicating that the crushing device helps to assist in the design of the ratio of each raw material to achieve a balanced effect on nutrients.

[0130] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0131] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components measured by weight: 15-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40-50 parts of corn straw, 15-20 parts of soybean straw, 10-20 parts of activated carbon powder, 5-8 parts of bone meal and 5-8 parts of furfural residue.

2. The organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 40 parts of corn straws, 15 parts of soybean straws, 10 parts of activated carbon powder, 5 parts of bone meal and 5 parts of furfural residues.

3. The organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 45 parts of corn straws, 17 parts of soybean straws, 15 parts of activated carbon powder, 6 parts of bone meal and 6 parts of furfural residues.

4. The organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 50 parts of corn straws, 20 parts of soybean straws, 20 parts of activated carbon powder, 8 parts of bone meal and 8 parts of furfural residues.

5. The organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation steps are as follows: Step 1: First, corn stalks, soybean stalks, furfural residue, bone meal, activated carbon powder and 1 / 2 of the formula weight portion of livestock and poultry manure are put into a crushing and stirring device for crushing and stirring treatment, and after the crushing and stirring treatment is completed, the mixture is taken out from the crushing device; Step 2: Composting the taken-out mixed material at a selected site. After 10 days of composting, add the remaining 1 / 2 of the formula weight of livestock and poultry manure to the compost and compost for another 30 days. Turn the compost during the composting process. After a total of 40 days of composting, the compost is completed when it is dark brown in color, has no odor, and has a loose texture. Step three, drying the composted mixture.

6. The process for preparing the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 1, the crushing and stirring device comprises a tank body (1) of cylindrical structure, a feeding port (101) for feeding raw materials is provided at the center of the top of the tank body (1), a plurality of powder feeding ports (102) for feeding activated carbon powder are provided around the feeding port (101) at the top of the tank body (1), a hollow disc-shaped powder feeding bin (2) is provided in the tank body (1), the powder feeding bin (2) is slidably connected to the top wall of the tank body (1), a plurality of powder inlets (201) corresponding to the powder feeding ports (102) are provided on the top surface of the powder feeding bin (2), a plurality of powder outlets (202) are provided at the bottom of the powder feeding bin (2), the diameter of the powder outlets (202) is smaller than the diameter of the powder inlet (201), and the number of the powder outlets (202) is greater than the number of the powder inlet (201); A water spray bin (3) of a cylindrical structure is fixedly connected to the bottom of the powder feeding bin (2); a gap is provided between the water spray bin (3) and the inner wall of the tank body (1); the radius of the hollow bottom opening of the cylindrical wall of the water spray bin (3) is smaller than the radius of the tank body; a water inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the water spray bin (3); a water pump is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe; an end of the water inlet pipe away from the water pump passes through the side wall of the tank body (1) and extends to the outside of the tank body (1); and a plurality of atomizing nozzles (301) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water spray bin (3); A through groove (4) for the mixed material to pass through is provided below the water spray bin (3), the through groove (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the tank body (1), a first sieve plate (401) is fixedly connected to the top of the through groove (4), a plurality of primary sieve holes for primary screening of raw materials are provided on the first sieve plate (401), a second sieve plate (402) located below the first sieve plate (401) is provided in the through groove (4), the second sieve plate (402) comprises an upper sieve plate (403) and a lower sieve plate (404), the lower sieve plate (404) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through groove (4), a plurality of springs (405) are fixedly connected to the top surface of the lower sieve plate (404), the top of the springs (405) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the upper sieve plate (403), the upper sieve plate (403) is slidably matched with the inner wall of the through groove (4), and a plurality of corresponding secondary sieve holes for secondary screening of raw materials are provided on both the upper sieve plate (403) and the lower sieve plate (404); A material taking chamber (5) is connected to one side of the bottom of the through groove (4). The material taking chamber (5) passes through the through groove (4) and the tank body (1) and extends to the outside of the tank body (1) and is connected to the through groove (4) and the outside of the tank body (1). A plurality of air holes (6) for gas to pass through are provided at the top of the material taking chamber (5) corresponding to the bottom of the side wall of the through groove (4). The air holes (6) pass through the side wall of the through groove (4). A material taking cover (7) is detachably connected to the side wall of the tank body (1) at the material taking chamber (5). A sealing ring (701) is detachably connected to the connection between the material taking cover (7) and the tank body (1); A motor (8) is embedded in the bottom wall of the through groove (4), and a sleeve (9) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (8); an end of the sleeve (9) away from the motor (8) sequentially passes through the bottom wall of the through groove (4), the upper sieve plate (403), the lower sieve plate (404) and the first sieve plate (401) to extend above the first sieve plate (401); a plurality of stirring rods (10) located between the first sieve plate (401) and the upper sieve plate (403) and a plurality of fixed blocks (11) located above the first sieve plate (401) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the sleeve (9); a crushing blade (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed blocks (11); and an elastic ball (302) located in the motion track of the fixed blocks (11) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water spray bin (3); In the step 1, corn stalks, soybean stalks, furfural residues, bone meal and 1 / 2 of the formula weight of livestock and poultry manure are mixed and put in through the feeding port (101) of the pulverizing device, and activated carbon powder is put in through several powder feeding ports (102) of the pulverizing device.

7. The process for preparing the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, the composting process requires site selection. A well-ventilated site with rain and sun protection is selected for composting, and a flat and solid cement ground is selected as the composting bottom surface.

8. The process for preparing the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, the compost pile is generally required to be 1.2-1.8 meters high and 2.3-2.8 meters wide. After the compost pile is prepared, 1-2.5 parts by weight of microbial agent are added to the compost pile.

9. The process for preparing the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 2, the compost pile is turned once a day from the 1st to the 15th day, once every 2 days from the 16th to the 25th day, and once every 3 days from the 26th to the 40th day.

10. The process for preparing the organic fertilizer with soil conditioning function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 3, the drying treatment of the mixed material after the composting treatment is heating and drying. The drying requires that the moisture content of the organic fertilizer is 5%-20% and the drying temperature is 80-120°C.

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