Laser shot peening shape-adjusting controllability collaborative device and method for improving forming quality of rib plate

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of forming of ribbed wallboards of aerospace and rail transit equipment, and particularly relates to a laser peening shape-adjusting controllability collaborative device and method for improving the forming quality of a rib plate, the device comprises laser peening equipment, and laser beams generated by the laser peening equipment are used for laser peening strengthening and forming of the whole rib plate; the absorption protection layer covers the light facing surface of the laser operation area of the integral rib plate; the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping equipment is used for clamping the whole rib plate; the restraint layer nozzle is used for providing a restraint layer for the surface of an operation area of the whole rib plate when the laser peening equipment works, and the restraint layer nozzle is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving equipment; the induction coil is used for heating and quenching the whole rib plate; the induction coil is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile equipment and corresponds to an operation area of the restraint layer nozzle; the induction quenching control system is used for controlling the induction coil to generate induction heat; and a chordwise forming mode and a spanwise forming mode are provided according to different laser beam and induction coil operation parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of forming ribbed wall panels for aerospace and rail transportation equipment, and in particular relates to a laser shot peening shape-adjusting and controllable collaborative device and method for improving the forming quality of ribbed panels. Background Art

[0002] Modern aircraft wing skins, high-speed rail body panels and other high-speed transport equipment structural parts are developing in the direction of lightweight, and integral panels are widely used as structural load-bearing parts instead of traditional flat panels or assembled panels. However, unlike the various parts of traditional flat panels or assembled panels, the integral panel structure is complex, and the vertical ribs, rib tops and webs are mutually constrained, making it difficult to change the thickness continuously. Moreover, the presence of vertical ribs causes this type of panel to face many technical difficulties such as the vertical ribs are easy to twist, the webs are easy to bulge, and the overall span / chord direction is difficult to coordinate deformation. Therefore, it is urgent to adopt an effective flexible integral forming method to coordinate the deformation of various parts of the integral panel to avoid the occurrence of harmful deformations such as distortion and bulge caused by traditional mechanical forming methods.

[0003] Laser shot peening is a new high-performance precision flexible forming technology derived from laser shot peening technology. This process uses high-energy short-pulse laser to induce shock waves, introduce non-uniformly distributed residual compressive stress fields in the material, causing plastic deformation and bending.

[0004] Traditional laser shot peening can effectively solve the processing and manufacturing problems of high-strength plates when operating on pure flat or pure curved workpieces. However, compared with non-pure flat or non-pure curved workpieces such as ribbed wall panels, the auxiliary heating laser beam is not easy to irradiate to the inner part opposite to the laser shot peening due to the obstruction of the rib top and vertical ribs. In addition, the introduced harmful heat provides energy for the regrowth of the refined material structure, and thus the mechanical properties requirements are difficult to guarantee.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to solve the problem of laser shot peening shape adjustment and control collaborative devices and methods to improve the rib plate forming quality. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device and method for improving the rib plate forming quality, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] Laser shot peening shape adjustment and control coordination device to improve the rib plate forming quality, including:

[0009] A laser shot peening device, the output end of which is arranged toward the integral rib plate, and the generated laser beam is used for laser shot peening strengthening and forming of the integral rib plate;

[0010] An absorption protective layer covering the light-facing surface of the laser working area of ​​the integral rib plate;

[0011] A multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device, used for clamping the integral rib plate;

[0012] A constraint layer nozzle, used for providing a constraint layer for the working area surface of the integral rib plate when the laser shot peening equipment is in operation, wherein the constraint layer nozzle is arranged on a multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device;

[0013] An induction coil is used for heating and quenching the integral stiffener; the induction coil is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device and is arranged corresponding to the operating area of ​​the constraining layer nozzle;

[0014] An induction quenching control system, used to control the induction coil to generate induction heat;

[0015] According to the different working positions of the laser beam and the induction coil, a chord-wise shaping mode and a span-wise shaping mode are provided.

[0016] Optionally, the absorbing protective layer is a heat-resistant deformable material such as a high-temperature resistant tape or a high-temperature resistant black paint, and the constraining layer is flowing water, which is also used for induction quenching.

[0017] Optionally, the induction coil includes a single-sided bonding induction coil for a planar structure and a double-sided bonding induction coil for a three-dimensional rib structure. The parameters of the induction quenching control system for inputting the induction coil current are: heating power 15kW-160kW, set temperature 200℃-1000℃.

[0018] Optionally, the constrained layer nozzle is fixed to one side of the top of the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device after adjusting the injection angle, and the induction coil is fixed to the other side of the top of the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device. The synchronous movement refers to the synchronous movement of the relatively arranged induction coil and the constrained layer nozzle under the movement of the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device.

[0019] Optionally, the process parameters of the laser shot peening equipment are: laser energy 1J-10J, pulse width 15ns, spot diameter 2mm-5mm. The laser shot peening path adopts a "bow" shape. The laser shot peening sequence is generally to first perform the difficult spanwise forming, and then the easy-to-form chordal forming.

[0020] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of the rib plate, the laser shot peening equipment includes a laser, and the laser is electrically connected to a central integrated control system, and the central integrated control system is used to control the laser to perform laser shot peening on the integral rib plate.

[0021] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of the rib plate, the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device includes a first three-axis robotic arm, and the end of the first three-axis robotic arm is provided with a clamp for clamping the integral rib plate.

[0022] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape-adjusting and controllable collaborative device for improving the forming quality of rib plates, the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device includes a second three-axis robotic arm, and the top of the second three-axis robotic arm is connected to the constrained layer nozzle and the induction coil.

[0023] A laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plates, using the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of rib plates, comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1. Cleaning and drying the integral rib plate before forming;

[0025] S2, in the spanwise forming mode, using the laser shot peening equipment to laser shot peen the upper back of the ribs or the lower back of the ribs of the integral rib plate, and at the same time, using the induction coil to induction heat quench the upper chamfer and the lower chamfer of the ribs;

[0026] S3, in the chord-wise forming mode, using the laser shot peening equipment to laser shot peen one side of the web of the integral stiffener, and at the same time, using the induction coil to induction heat and quench the other side of the web;

[0027] S4, removing the integral rib plate that has been air-cooled to room temperature, and using the residual stress field to complete the final springback forming to obtain the integral rib plate formed with a Gaussian surface of a desired size.

[0028] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllable collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plates, in S1, the cleaning and drying of the entire rib plate includes using sandpaper, polishing cloth, alcohol and a drying box to grind, polish, clean and dry the inner and outer surfaces of each structure in turn.

[0029] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plate, in S2, before laser shot peening, the absorption protective layer is applied on the upper back of the rib or the lower back of the rib where the operation is required, and is directed toward the emission end of the laser shot peening equipment, and at the same time, the constraint layer is sprayed on the working surface through the constraint layer nozzle to form a constraint layer;

[0030] Selecting a matching induction coil, and setting induction heating parameters through the induction hardening control system to control the induction coil to perform induction heating on the lower chamfer of the vertical rib or the upper chamfer of the vertical rib;

[0031] The constrained layer operation area and the induction heating area of ​​the induction coil are synchronously moved by the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device and the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device;

[0032] The operation is started after the laser process parameters and the light spot travel path of the laser shot peening equipment are set.

[0033] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plates, in S2, when the upper back of the vertical rib is laser shot peened, the lower chamfer of the vertical rib is induction heated, and when the lower back of the vertical rib is laser shot peened, the upper chamfer of the vertical rib is induction heated.

[0034] Optional, difficult-to-form spanwise forming, generally driven by the ribs to form the rib top and web: mainly includes two parts: laser shot peening of the lower back of the ribs and the upper back of the ribs. The first part is to perform induction hardening of the lower chamfer of the ribs while laser shot peening the lower back of the ribs. The second part is to perform induction hardening of the upper chamfer of the ribs while laser shot peening the upper back of the ribs.

[0035] Easy-to-form chordal forming for inner / outer web laser peening: mainly includes outer and inner web laser peening. Outer web laser peening refers to laser peening the outer web while induction hardening the inner web. Inner web laser peening refers to laser peening the inner web while induction hardening the outer web. The lower chamfer of the rib refers to the chamfers on both sides between the rib and the web; the upper chamfer of the rib refers to the chamfers on both sides between the rib and the rib top; the lower back of the rib refers to the back area of ​​the web corresponding to the rib and the lower chamfer of the rib; the upper back of the rib refers to the back area of ​​the rib top corresponding to the rib and the upper chamfer of the rib.

[0036] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plate, in S3, an absorption protective layer is applied on one side of the web plate and directed toward the emission end of the laser shot peening device, and at the same time, the constraint layer is sprayed on the working surface through the constraint layer nozzle to form a constraint layer;

[0037] Selecting a matching induction coil and placing it on the other side of the web, and setting induction heating parameters through the induction quenching control system to control the induction coil to perform induction heating on the web;

[0038] The constrained layer operation area and the induction heating area of ​​the induction coil are synchronously moved by the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device and the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device;

[0039] The operation is started after the laser process parameters and the light spot travel path of the laser shot peening equipment are set.

[0040] According to the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllable collaborative method for improving the forming quality of the rib plate, the integral rib plate is a medium-low thickness integral rib plate with a web thickness of 1-10mm, a vertical rib height of 1-30mm, and a rib top thickness of 1-5mm.

[0041] Optionally, the Gaussian surface shapes that can be processed by the integral rib plate include inward concave spanwise forming (cylinder), inward concave chordwise forming (cylinder), outward concave spanwise forming (cylinder) and outward concave chordwise forming (cylinder); as well as mutually composite and superimposed forming shapes, namely, one of inward concave spanwise-inward concave chordwise forming (hyperboloid), outward concave spanwise-outward concave chordwise forming, (hyperboloid) inward concave spanwise-outward concave chordwise forming (saddle surface) and outward concave spanwise-inward concave chordwise forming (saddle surface).

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0043] When in use, the ribs of the entire rib plate are inductively heated through the induction coil. Compared with the traditional method of using laser for heating, the setting of the induction coil can avoid the working surface being blocked by the ribs. It is more suitable for heating and quenching of ribbed plates, reducing uneven temperature distribution and harmful thermal effects, thereby improving mechanical properties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor:

[0045] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall stiffener structure in the initial state of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upper back of the vertical rib and the lower chamfer position of the vertical rib of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lower back of the rib and the chamfer position of the rib in the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the laser shot peening forming method of the lower back and the outer side of the web of the inward concave extension / chord-wise formed vertical rib of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the laser shot peening forming method of the upper back and inner side of the web of the outward concave / chord-wise formed vertical rib of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 It is the arc height value curve of the concave spanwise forming (cylindrical surface) of the integral rib plate laser shot peening of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 It is the arc height value curve of the spanwise edge of the integral rib plate laser shot peening inner concave spanwise and outer concave chordwise forming (saddle surface) of the present invention;

[0053] Fig. 9 It is the arc height value curve of the chord-wise edge of the integral rib plate laser shot peening inner concave spanwise and outer concave chordwise forming (saddle surface) of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.10 It is a bar graph of microhardness values ​​of the laser shot peening area of ​​the present invention;

[0055] Among them, 1. Central integrated control system; 2. Laser; 3. First three-axis robot; 31. Fixture; 4. Second three-axis robot; 41. Constraint layer nozzle; 5. Induction hardening control system; 51. Induction coil; 61. Integral rib plate; 62. Absorption protective layer; 63. Laser beam; 7. Rib top; 8. Vertical rib; 9. Web; 10. Upper back of vertical rib; 11. Lower back of vertical rib; 12. Upper chamfer of vertical rib; 13. Lower chamfer of vertical rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] Embodiment 1:

[0059] Reference Figures 1 to 10 This embodiment discloses a laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of rib plates, comprising:

[0060] A laser shot peening device, the output end of which is arranged toward the integral rib plate 61, and the generated laser beam 63 is used for laser shot peening strengthening and shaping of the integral rib plate 61;

[0061] An absorption protection layer 62 covers the light-facing surface of the laser working area of ​​the integral rib plate 61;

[0062] A multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device for clamping the integral rib plate 61;

[0063] The constraint layer nozzle 41 is used to provide a constraint layer for the working area surface of the integral rib plate 61 when the laser shot peening equipment is operating. The constraint layer nozzle 41 is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile equipment;

[0064] The induction coil 51 is used for heating and quenching the integral rib plate 61; the induction coil 51 is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device and is arranged corresponding to the working area of ​​the constraining layer nozzle 41;

[0065] An induction hardening control system 5, used to control the induction coil 51 to generate induction heat;

[0066] According to the different working positions of the laser beam 63 and the induction coil 51, there are a chord-wise shaping mode and a span-wise shaping mode.

[0067] When in use, the ribs of the integral rib plate 61 are inductively heated by the induction coil 51. Compared with the conventional method of heating with laser, the setting of the induction coil 51 can prevent the working surface from being blocked by the ribs, and is more suitable for heating and quenching of ribbed plates, reducing uneven temperature distribution and harmful thermal effects, thereby improving mechanical properties.

[0068] As an optional embodiment, the laser shot peening equipment includes a laser 2 , and the laser 2 is electrically connected to a central integrated control system 1 , and the central integrated control system 1 is used to control the laser 2 to perform laser shot peening on the integral rib plate 61 .

[0069] As an optional implementation, the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device includes a first three-axis robot arm 3 , and a clamp 31 for clamping the integral rib plate 61 is disposed at an end of the first three-axis robot arm 3 .

[0070] As an optional implementation, the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device includes a second three-axis robotic arm 4 , and the top of the second three-axis robotic arm 4 is connected to the constrained layer nozzle 41 and the induction coil 51 .

[0071] A laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plates, using the above-mentioned laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of rib plates, comprises the following steps:

[0072] S1. Clean and dry the integral rib plate 61 before forming;

[0073] S2, in the spanwise forming mode, the upper back 10 or the lower back 11 of the rib 8 of the integral rib plate 61 is laser peened by using a laser peening device, and at the same time, the upper chamfer 12 and the lower chamfer 13 of the rib 8 are induction heated and quenched by using an induction coil 51;

[0074] S3, in the chord forming mode, a laser shot peening device is used to laser shot peen one side of the web 9 of the integral rib plate 61, and at the same time, an induction coil 51 is used to induction heat and quench the other side of the web 9;

[0075] S4, removing the integral rib plate 61 that has been air-cooled to room temperature, and using the residual stress field to complete the final springback forming to obtain the integral rib plate 61 formed with a Gaussian surface of a desired size.

[0076] As an optional implementation, in S1, the cleaning and drying of the integral rib plate 61 includes the use of sandpaper, polishing cloth, alcohol and a drying box to grind, polish, clean and dry the inner and outer surfaces of each structure in sequence.

[0077] As an optional embodiment, in S2, before laser shot peening, an absorption protective layer 62 is applied on the upper back 10 or the lower back 11 of the rib to be operated, and is directed toward the emission end of the laser shot peening equipment, and is sprayed on the operating surface through the constraint layer nozzle 41 to form a constraint layer;

[0078] Select a matching induction coil 51, and set induction heating parameters through the induction hardening control system 5 to control the induction coil 51 to perform induction heating on the lower chamfer 13 of the vertical rib or the upper chamfer 12 of the vertical rib;

[0079] The constrained layer operation area and the induction heating area of ​​the induction coil 51 are moved synchronously by a multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device and a multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device;

[0080] After setting the laser process parameters and spot travel path of the laser shot peening equipment, start the operation.

[0081] As an optional implementation, in S2, when the upper back portion 10 of the vertical rib is laser shot peened, the lower chamfer 13 of the vertical rib is induction heated, and when the lower back portion 11 of the vertical rib is laser shot peened, the upper chamfer 12 of the vertical rib is induction heated.

[0082] As an optional embodiment, in S3, an absorption protective layer 62 is applied on one side of the web 9 and directed toward the emission end of the laser shot peening device, and at the same time, the constraint layer is sprayed on the working surface through the constraint layer nozzle 41 to form a constraint layer;

[0083] Select a matching induction coil 51 and place it on the other side of the web 9, and set the induction heating parameters through the induction quenching control system 5 to control the induction coil 51 to induction heat the web 9;

[0084] The constrained layer operation area and the induction heating area of ​​the induction coil 51 are moved synchronously by a multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device and a multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device;

[0085] After setting the laser process parameters and spot travel path of the laser shot peening equipment, start the operation.

[0086] As an optional implementation, the integral rib plate 61 is a medium-low thickness integral rib plate with a web 9 thickness of 1-10 mm, a vertical rib 8 height of 1-30 mm, and a rib top 7 thickness of 1-5 mm.

[0087] The principle of the present invention is: according to the Gaussian surface shape of the required integral rib plate 61, for the spanwise forming which is difficult to form, the rib top 7 and the web 9 are formed by the vertical rib 8; for the chordwise forming which is easy to form, the inner / outer side of the web 9 is laser shot peened. In this process, the skin effect of the induction quenching technology is used to quickly heat the rib plate surface to the quenching temperature, and the auxiliary forming heat source is converted into a quenching strengthening heat source by water cooling, while the mechanical properties such as hardness of the material are improved while the spanwise / chordwise flexible and coordinated deformation is achieved, and finally the integral rib plate shape adjustment and controllable integrated collaborative manufacturing is realized.

[0088] The specific operation process is as follows:

[0089] Step S1: For the integral rib plate 61 of the Gaussian surface forming shape of the required size, before forming, the inner and outer surfaces of each structure are ground, polished, cleaned and dried in sequence using sandpaper, polishing cloth, alcohol and a drying box for pretreatment.

[0090] Step S2: For the spanwise forming with great forming difficulty, laser shot peening is performed on the upper / lower back of the rib 8 to drive the overall forming of the rib top 7 and the web 9, and at the same time, induction hardening of the upper / lower chamfer of the rib 8 is performed. First, the absorption protective layer 62 is attached to the upper / lower back of the rib 8 required by the integral rib plate 61, and then fixed on the fixture 31 of the first three-axis robot 3, and the constraint layer is sprayed through the constraint layer nozzle 41 on the second three-axis robot 4, and the constraint layer is selected as water. Secondly, according to the upper / lower chamfer of the rib 8, a suitable induction coil 51 is selected, and it is fixed on the second three-axis robot 4 and moves synchronously with the constraint layer. The induction coil 51 is controlled by the induction hardening control system 5. Then, the induction hardening control system 5 is turned on and the induction heating parameters are input. Finally, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are turned on, and the laser process parameters and the spot walking path are set. The laser 2 is controlled to emit a laser beam 63, and the operation of the first three-axis robot 3 and the second three-axis robot 4 is controlled by the central integrated control system 1. After the laser shot peening is completed, the induction hardening control system 5 is turned off.

[0091] Step S3: For the chord-wise forming that is easy to form, the inner / outer side of the web 9 is formed, and the other side of the web 9 is induction hardened at the same time. First, after the absorption protective layer 62 is attached to one side of the web 9, it is fixed on the fixture 31 of the first three-axis robot 3, and the constraining layer is sprayed through the constraining layer nozzle 41 on the second three-axis robot 4. Then, a suitable induction coil 51 is selected on the other side of the web 9, and is placed on the second three-axis robot 4 to move synchronously with the constraining layer. The induction coil 51 is controlled by the induction hardening control system 5.

[0092] Finally, the induction hardening control system 5, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are also turned on in sequence, and the induction heating parameters and laser process parameters of the first step are input respectively. After the laser shot peening is completed, the induction hardening control system 5, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are turned off.

[0093] Step S4: removing the integral rib plate 61 that has been air-cooled to room temperature, and using the residual stress field to complete the final springback forming.

[0094] In the above scheme, the web 9 of the integral rib plate 61 to be formed is 1-10 mm thick, the vertical rib 8 is 1-30 mm high, and the rib top 7 is 1-5 mm thick. The pretreatment includes grinding, polishing, cleaning and drying.

[0095] In the above scheme, the Gaussian surface shapes of the integral rib plate 61 that can be obtained include inward concave spanwise forming (cylindrical surface), inward concave chordwise forming (cylindrical surface), outward concave spanwise forming (cylindrical surface) and outward concave chordwise forming (cylindrical surface); as well as mutually composite and superimposed forming shapes, namely, one of inward concave spanwise-inward concave chordwise forming (hyperboloid), outward concave spanwise-outward concave chordwise forming (hyperboloid), inward concave spanwise-outward concave chordwise forming (saddle surface) and outward concave spanwise-inward concave chordwise forming (saddle surface).

[0096] In the above scheme, the spanwise forming, which is difficult to form, drives the rib top 7 and the web 9 to form through the vertical rib 8: it mainly includes two parts: laser shot peening forming of the lower back 11 of the vertical rib and the upper back 10 of the vertical rib. The first part, that is, while laser shot peening the lower back 11 of the vertical rib, the induction hardening of the lower chamfer 13 of the vertical rib is carried out. The second part, that is, while laser shot peening the upper back 10 of the vertical rib, the induction hardening of the upper chamfer 12 of the vertical rib is carried out. The chordal forming, which is easy to form, performs laser shot peening forming of the inner / outer side of the web 9: it mainly includes laser shot peening forming of the outer and inner sides of the web 9. Laser shot peening forming of the outer side of the web 9 refers to induction hardening of the inner side of the web 9 while laser shot peening the outer side of the web 9. Laser shot peening forming of the inner side of the web 9 refers to induction hardening of the outer side of the web 9 while laser shot peening the inner side of the web 9. The lower chamfer 13 of the vertical rib refers to the chamfers on both sides between the vertical rib 8 and the web 9; the upper chamfer 12 of the vertical rib refers to the chamfers on both sides between the vertical rib 8 and the rib top 7; the lower back 11 of the vertical rib refers to the back area of ​​the web 9 corresponding to the vertical rib 8 and the lower chamfer 13 of the vertical rib; the upper back 10 of the vertical rib refers to the back area of ​​the vertical rib 8 and the rib top 7 corresponding to the upper chamfer 12 of the vertical rib.

[0097] In the above scheme, the absorbing protective layer is a heat-resistant deformable material such as a high-temperature resistant tape and a high-temperature resistant black paint, and the restraining layer is flowing water, which is also used for induction quenching.

[0098] In the above scheme, the induction coil 51 includes a single-sided bonding induction coil for a planar structure and a double-sided bonding induction coil for a three-dimensional rib structure. The parameters of the induction heating equipment used to input the induction coil current are: heating power 15kW-160kW, set temperature 200℃-1000℃. Synchronous movement means that the induction coil 51 fixed on the opposite side and the flowing water move synchronously under the movement of the second three-axis robot 4.

[0099] In the above scheme, the process parameters of laser shot peening span / chord forming are: laser energy 1J-10J, pulse width 15ns, spot diameter 2mm-5mm. The laser shot peening path adopts a "bow" shape. The overall sequence of laser shot peening is to first perform the difficult span forming, and then the easy forming chord forming;

[0100] In the above scheme, laser shot peening stress forming refers to removing the integral rib plate 61 cooled to room temperature from the special fixture 31 and completing the final forming by using the residual stress field.

[0101] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0102] 1. The present invention uses laser-induced shock waves to control the residual stress field distribution of the entire rib plate and produce different degrees of bending deformation, thereby realizing the flexible forming of Gaussian surfaces such as cylindrical surfaces, saddle surfaces and hyperbolic surfaces of the entire rib plate that are not pure planes or pure curved surfaces;

[0103] 2. The present invention drives the rib top and web to form in the span direction through the vertical ribs of the integral rib plate, so as to achieve coordinated deformation of the joints of the various structures of the integral rib plate, alleviate the occurrence of harmful deformations such as distortion and bulge caused by traditional mechanical forming methods to a certain extent, and improve the forming quality of the integral rib plate;

[0104] 3. During the laser shot peening process, the auxiliary forming heat source is converted into a quenching and strengthening heat source by rapid cooling, thereby improving the mechanical properties of the material while achieving coordinated deformation in the span / chord directions, and ultimately achieving integrated collaborative manufacturing of overall rib plate shape adjustment and controllability.

[0105] Embodiment 2:

[0106] This embodiment is one of the application examples of the device and method of embodiment 1.

[0107] Step S1: For the integral rib plate 61 of the concave span forming (cylindrical surface), the dimensions are: the web 9 thickness is 2 mm, the vertical rib 8 height is 6 mm, and the rib top 7 thickness is 1 mm. Before forming, the internal and external structural surfaces are ground, polished, cleaned and dried in sequence using sandpaper, polishing cloth, alcohol and drying box.

[0108] Step S2: For the spanwise forming with great forming difficulty, the first step is to form the whole through laser shot peening of the lower back of the rib 11 to drive the forming of the rib top 7 and the web 9, and at the same time perform induction quenching of the lower chamfer 13 of the rib. First, after applying high temperature resistant black paint on the lower back of the rib 11, it is fixed on the fixture 31 of the first three-axis robot 3, and sprayed with running water through the constraint layer nozzle 41 on the second three-axis robot 4. Secondly, the lower chamfer 13 of the rib opposite to the lower back of the rib 11 selects the double-sided bonding induction coil 51, and is placed on the second three-axis robot 4, and moves synchronously with the running water layer; wherein, the heating of the induction coil 51 is controlled by the induction quenching control system 5. Then, the induction quenching control system 5 is turned on, and the induction heating parameters are input as follows: heating power 50kW, set temperature 300℃. Finally, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are turned on, and the laser process parameters are set as follows: laser energy 8J, pulse width 15ns, spot diameter 2mm, and the process parameters of the "bow" shaped shot peening path are used for laser shot peening. The laser 2 is controlled to emit a laser beam 63, and the first three-axis robot arm 3 and the second three-axis robot arm 4 are controlled by the central integrated control system 1. After the laser peening is completed, the induction hardening control system 5 is turned off.

[0109] Step S3: No chord-wise forming is required.

[0110] Step S4: removing the integral rib plate 61 that has been air-cooled to room temperature, and using the residual stress field to complete the final springback forming.

[0111] Example 2 is the forming effect of the integral rib plate laser shot peening coordinated shape adjustment and controllability, and the edge arc height value curve of the spanwise adjustment of the concave spanwise forming (cylindrical) integral rib plate is measured by a laser rangefinder, and the microhardness value of the shot peening area is measured by a microhardness tester. The measurement results show that within a certain processing error range, the forming ability of the formed part is significantly higher than that of the existing traditional shot peening technology, and the microhardness is significantly improved, achieving the forming effect of coordinated shape adjustment and controllability.

[0112] Embodiment 3:

[0113] This embodiment is another application example of the device and method of embodiment 1.

[0114] Step S1: For the integral rib plate 61 formed in the concave span-outward concave chord direction (saddle surface), the dimensions are: the web 9 thickness is 3 mm, the vertical rib 8 height is 5 mm, and the rib top 7 thickness is 3 mm. Before forming, the internal and external structural surfaces are ground, polished, cleaned and dried in sequence using sandpaper, polishing cloth, alcohol and drying box.

[0115] Step S2: For the spanwise forming with great forming difficulty, the first step is to form the whole through laser shot peening of the lower back of the rib 11 to drive the forming of the rib top 7 and the web 9, and at the same time perform induction quenching of the lower chamfer 13 of the rib. First, after applying high temperature resistant black paint on the lower back of the rib 11, it is fixed on the fixture 31 of the first three-axis robot 3, and sprayed with running water through the constraint layer nozzle 41 on the second three-axis robot 4. Secondly, the lower chamfer 13 of the rib opposite to the lower back of the rib 11 selects the double-sided bonding induction coil 51, and is placed on the second three-axis robot 4, and moves synchronously with the running water layer; wherein, the heating of the induction coil 51 is controlled by the induction quenching control system 5. Then, the induction quenching control system 5 is turned on, and the induction heating parameters are input as follows: heating power 80kW, set temperature 400℃. Finally, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are turned on, and the laser process parameters are set as follows: laser energy 5J, pulse width 15ns, spot diameter 3mm, and the process parameters of the "bow" shaped shot peening path are used for laser shot peening. The laser 2 is controlled to emit a laser beam, and the first three-axis robot arm 3 and the second three-axis robot arm 4 are controlled by the central integrated control system 1. After the laser shot peening is completed, the induction hardening control system 5 is turned off.

[0116] Step S3: For the chord-wise forming that is easy to form, the inner side of the web 9 is formed by laser shot peening, and the outer side of the web 9 corresponding to the inner side of the web 9 is induction hardened at the same time. First, after applying high-temperature resistant black paint on the inner side of the web 9, it is fixed on the fixture 31 of the first three-axis robot 3, and water is sprayed through the constrained layer nozzle 41 on the second three-axis robot 4. Secondly, the outer side of the web 9 corresponding to the inner side of the web 9 is selected to be fitted with a single-sided induction coil 51, and is placed on the second three-axis robot 4 to move synchronously with the water layer. Then, the induction quenching control system 5 is turned on, and the induction heating parameters of the first step mentioned above are also input for induction heating. Finally, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are turned on, and the laser process parameters of the first step mentioned above are also input. After the laser shot peening is completed, the induction quenching control system 5, the central integrated control system 1 and the laser 2 are turned off.

[0117] Step S4: removing the integral rib plate 61 that has been air-cooled to room temperature, and using the residual stress field to complete the final springback forming.

[0118] Example 3 is the forming effect of the integral rib plate laser shot peening coordinated shape adjustment and controllability, and the edge arc height value curve of the span / chord adjustment of the integral rib plate formed in the inward concave span direction and outward concave chord direction (saddle surface) is measured by a laser rangefinder, and the microhardness value of the shot peening area is measured by a microhardness tester. The measurement results show that within a certain processing error range, the forming ability of the formed part is significantly higher than that of the existing traditional shot peening technology, and the microhardness is significantly improved, achieving the forming effect of coordinated shape adjustment and controllability.

[0119] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0120] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of rib plate, characterized in that: include: A laser shot peening device, the output end of which is arranged toward the integral rib plate (61), and the generated laser beam (63) is used to perform laser shot peening strengthening and shaping on the integral rib plate (61); An absorption protection layer (62) covering the light-facing surface of the laser operation area of ​​the integral rib plate (61); A multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device, used for clamping the integral rib plate (61); A constraint layer nozzle (41) is used to provide a constraint layer for the surface of the working area of ​​the integral rib plate (61) when the laser shot peening equipment is in operation, and the constraint layer nozzle (41) is arranged on a multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device; an induction coil (51) for heating and quenching the integral rib plate (61); the induction coil (51) is arranged on the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting mobile device and is arranged corresponding to the operating area of ​​the constrained layer nozzle (41); An induction quenching control system (5) for controlling the induction coil (51) to generate induction heat; According to the different working positions of the laser beam (63) and the induction coil (51), a chord-wise forming mode and a span-wise forming mode are provided.

2. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser shot peening equipment comprises a laser (2), wherein the laser (2) is electrically connected to a central integrated control system (1), and the central integrated control system (1) is used to control the laser (2) to perform laser shot peening on the integral rib plate (61).

3. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device comprises a first three-axis mechanical arm (3), and a clamp (31) for clamping the integral rib plate (61) is provided at the end of the first three-axis mechanical arm (3).

4. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability coordination device for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device comprises a second three-axis mechanical arm (4), the top of which is connected to the constrained layer nozzle (41) and the induction coil (51).

5. A laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the forming quality of rib plates, using the laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative device for improving the forming quality of rib plates according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, cleaning and drying the integral rib plate (61) before forming; S2, in the spanwise forming mode, using the laser shot peening equipment to laser shot peen the rib upper back portion (10) or the rib lower back portion (11) of the rib (8) of the integral rib plate (61), and at the same time, using the induction coil (51) to perform induction heating quenching on the rib upper chamfer (12) and the rib lower chamfer (13) of the rib (8); S3, in the chord-wise forming mode, using the laser shot peening equipment to laser shot peen one side of the web (9) of the integral rib plate (61), and at the same time, using the induction coil (51) to induction heat quench the other side of the web (9); S4, removing the integral rib plate (61) that has been air-cooled to room temperature, and using the residual stress field to complete the final springback forming to obtain the integral rib plate (61) formed with a Gaussian surface of a desired size.

6. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In S1, the cleaning and drying of the integral rib plate (61) includes the use of sandpaper, polishing cloth, alcohol and a drying box to sequentially grind, polish, clean and dry the inner and outer surfaces of each structure.

7. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 5 is characterized in that: In S2, before laser shot peening, the absorption protection layer (62) is applied on the upper back portion (10) or the lower back portion (11) of the rib where the operation is to be performed, and is directed toward the emission end of the laser shot peening device, and is sprayed on the operation surface through the constraint layer nozzle (41) to form a constraint layer; Selecting a matching induction coil (51), and setting induction heating parameters through the induction hardening control system (5) to control the induction coil (51) to perform induction heating on the lower chamfer (13) of the vertical rib or the upper chamfer (12) of the vertical rib; The constrained layer operation area and the induction heating area of ​​the induction coil (51) are moved synchronously by means of the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device and the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device; The operation is started after the laser process parameters and the light spot travel path of the laser shot peening equipment are set.

8. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S2, when the upper back portion (10) of the vertical rib is laser shot peened, the lower chamfer (13) of the vertical rib is induction heated, and when the lower back portion (11) of the vertical rib is laser shot peened, the upper chamfer (12) of the vertical rib is induction heated.

9. The laser shot peening shape adjustment and controllability collaborative method for improving the rib plate forming quality according to claim 5, characterized in that: In S3, an absorption protective layer (62) is applied on one side of the web (9) and directed toward the emission end of the laser shot peening device, and is sprayed on the working surface through the constraint layer nozzle (41) to form a constraint layer; Selecting a matching induction coil (51) to be placed on the other side of the web (9), and setting induction heating parameters through the induction quenching control system (5) to control the induction coil (51) to perform induction heating on the web (9); The constrained layer operation area and the induction heating area of ​​the induction coil (51) are moved synchronously by means of the multi-degree-of-freedom clamping device and the multi-degree-of-freedom supporting and moving device; The operation is started after the laser process parameters and the light spot travel path of the laser shot peening equipment are set.

10. The laser shot peening shape control coordination method for improving the forming quality of the rib plate according to claim 5 The method is characterized by: The integral rib plate (61) is the web plate (9) with a thickness of 1-10 mm. The vertical ribs (8) have a height of 1-30 mm and the rib tops (7) have a thickness of 1-5 mm, which is a medium to low thickness integral rib plate.

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