Hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding split type steel arch

Abstract

The application discloses a hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding split type steel arch, which is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, and adjacent two steel arch assemblies are connected through hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding devices, and the hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding device is composed of an upper multi-stage yielding device assembly and a lower multi-stage yielding device assembly; the upper multi-stage yielding device assembly comprises a sleeve, a connecting rod and a spherical end head, a plurality of grooves are arranged on the inner wall of the side plates of the two wing plates of the sleeve, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the grooves at intervals, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, and the spherical end head is connected with the lower end of the connecting rod; the lower multi-stage yielding device assembly comprises a lower end plate and a multi-stage yielding damper, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and one multi-stage yielding damper is installed in each through hole. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding damper is used for realizing multi-stage yielding of the steel arch, self-adapting to large deformation of different surrounding rocks, and protecting the safety of the steel arch and the tunnel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of efficient support of tunnels and control of large deformation of soft rock, and in particular to a multi-stage thread multi-stage yielding split type steel arch. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel excavation, when the tunnel passes through a fault fracture zone or soft surrounding rock, etc., the problem of large deformation of surrounding rock extrusion will occur. The pressure of the surrounding rock caused by large deformation will cause serious damage to the tunnel support, affect the construction progress, and even cause the destruction of the tunnel, and even threaten the safety of the construction personnel.

[0003] Existing research shows that yielding support is an effective technical measure to deal with the problem of large deformation of surrounding rock extrusion. In the prior art, the steel arch device for inhibiting large deformation of a tunnel disclosed in CN214997711U sets an adapter between the steel arches, and the adapter is composed of a box body, a top plate, a yielding rod, a steel arch adapter plate and a spring. A plurality of yielding rods are arranged on the top plate at both ends of the box body, and a spring is nested on the yielding rod. One end of the spring is connected with the yielding rod, and the other end is connected with the top plate. The deformation of the adapter replaces the deformation of the steel arch, thereby reducing the stress on the steel arch and protecting the steel arch. The steel arch connecting component for plug-in type spherical hinge type quantifiable yielding and the use method disclosed in patent ZL201910995638.6 set a connecting component between two steel arches, and the connecting component includes a connecting rod and a sleeve. The connecting rod includes a spherical end, a threaded end and a rod body. The sleeve is a cylindrical structure with one end closed and the other end open. An internal thread is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve near the closed end, and a one-way clamping part is arranged on the inner wall of the open end of the sleeve. By inserting the connecting rod into the sleeve, the internal thread of the sleeve and the spherical end are extruded and sheared to generate resistance, thereby realizing yielding deformation. However, the prior art has the following problems: (1) In fact, different geological conditions have different surrounding rock deformations, and the steel arch lacks self-adaptation to different surrounding rocks; (2) The large deformation of the surrounding rock is in multiple stages, and the steel arch lacks real-time self-adjustment and matching of the yielding deformation setting of each stage of the surrounding rock deformation; (3) The traditional yielding connecting rod is not firmly connected with the steel arch, and cannot effectively ensure the stability of the steel arch; and (4) The yielding device is arranged between the steel arches, and the yielding deformation amount is limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a graded threaded multi-stage pressure-relief split steel arch frame. The steel arch frame is composed of multiple steel arch frame components, and adjacent steel arch frame components are connected by a graded threaded multi-stage pressure-relief device. This device consists of a cooperating upper and lower component. Through the cooperation between the spherical end of the upper component and the multi-stage pressure-relief damper of the lower component, multi-stage pressure relief for large deformations of the steel arch frame is achieved. The ball bearings arranged on the sleeve of the upper component reduce the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch frame component.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A graded threaded multi-stage pressure-relief split steel arch frame, comprising multiple steel arch frame components, each an I-beam structure. Adjacent steel arch frame components are connected by a graded threaded multi-stage pressure-relief device, which is designated as an upper and lower steel arch frame component, respectively. The graded threaded multi-stage pressure-relief device consists of a cooperating upper and lower component, both bolted to the upper and lower steel arch frame components, respectively. The upper component includes a sleeve, a connecting rod, and a spherical end. The sleeve consists of an upper end plate and four... The upper part is a rectangular structure with a cover, assembled from two side plates. The inner wall of the side plate facing the wing plate of the steel arch frame assembly in the sleeve has multiple parallel sliding grooves. Multiple self-rotating balls are spaced apart in the sliding grooves. Multiple connecting rods are provided. The connecting rods are installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve. The spherical end is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod. The lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device includes a lower end plate and a multi-stage pressure relief damper. Multiple through holes are opened on the lower end plate. One multi-stage pressure relief damper is installed in each through hole. The lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device and the lower steel arch frame assembly are both installed in the sleeve. The connecting rods and the spherical end are both installed in the multi-stage pressure relief damper.

[0007] The multi-stage pressure damper includes a damping cylinder and a bottom sealing plate. The damping cylinder has multiple threads inside, and the inner diameter of each thread decreases from top to bottom. The bottom sealing plate is located at the bottom of the damping cylinder and is used to seal the bottom of the damping cylinder.

[0008] The damping cylinder is equipped with a one-way snap-fit ​​buckle at the top.

[0009] The one-way clamping buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, the arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner periphery of the opening end of the damping cylinder, the outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected with the damping cylinder through a rotatable piece, and a hole allowing the connecting rod to pass through is formed between the inner sides of the plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates.

[0010] The upper end plate of the upper assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device is connected with the connecting plate of the upper steel arch assembly, and the lower end plate of the lower assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device is connected with the connecting plate of the lower steel arch assembly through a bolt structure.

[0011] The positions and numbers of the spherical end heads of the upper assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device correspond to the positions and numbers of the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers of the lower assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device.

[0012] The spherical end heads of the upper assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device and the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers of the lower assembly of the multi-stage pressure releasing device are arranged in an array, the spherical end heads are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the upper steel arch assembly, and the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers are evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the lower steel arch assembly.

[0013] The advantages of the present application are:

[0014] (1) The spherical end head abuts and shears the first stage thread, when the deformation of the steel arch reaches a certain critical value, the spherical end head abuts and shears the second stage thread, automatically starts the second stage deformation, and the spherical end head abuts and shears the third stage thread, automatically starts the third stage deformation, and realizes the multi-stage pressure releasing of the large deformation of the steel arch;

[0015] (2) The steel arch can be self-adapted to different surrounding rocks through the stage thread according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformation, and the steel arch is protected;

[0016] (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the multi-stage pressure releasing device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch itself, and prevent the steel arch from being twisted and crushed;

[0017] (4) The steel arch is inserted into the sleeve and a plurality of connecting rods are inserted into the damping cylinder, which not only can guide the deformation direction of the steel arch, but also can increase the overall stability between the steel arch and the pressure releasing device, and when the pressure releasing device deforms, the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch can be reduced through the balls arranged on the side plate of the sleeve;

[0018] (5) The multi-stage pressure releasing dampers are arranged at the lower part of the lower end plate, the upper end plate and the lower end plate can be completely attached when the multi-stage pressure releasing dampers reach the limit of deformation, the small space between the steel arches is fully utilized, the deformation space of the steel arches is increased, and the stability of the steel arches is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steel arch of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the graded thread multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the components on the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the components of the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view of the middle section (BB);

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the upper steel arch frame assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the lower steel arch frame assembly of the present invention;

[0029] like Figures 1-10 As shown in the figure, the markings represent:

[0030] a. Steel arch frame;

[0031] 1. Multi-stage pressure relief device with graded thread; 2. Steel arch frame assembly;

[0032] 11. Upper component of the multi-stage pressure relief device; 12. Lower component of the multi-stage pressure relief device;

[0033] 111. Sleeve, 112. Upper end plate, 113. Side plate, 114. Connecting rod, 115. Spherical end, 116. Screw hole, 117. Slide groove, 118. Ball bearing;

[0034] 121. Lower end plate; 122. Through hole; 123. Multi-stage pressure damper; 124. Damping cylinder; 125. Bottom sealing end plate; 126. First stage thread; 127. Second stage thread; 128. Third stage thread; 129. One-way snap-fit.

[0035] 21. Upper steel arch frame assembly, 22. Lower steel arch frame assembly, 23. Connecting plate, 24. Bolt, 25. Nut. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0037] Example: Figures 1-10 As shown, this embodiment relates to a graded threaded multi-stage pressure relief split steel arch frame. The steel arch frame a is composed of multiple steel arch frame components 2. The steel arch frame components 2 are I-beam structures. Adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are connected by a graded threaded multi-stage pressure relief device 1. The two adjacent steel arch frame components 2 are the upper steel arch frame component 21 and the lower steel arch frame component 22, respectively.

[0038] like Figures 1-10 As shown, the graded thread multi-stage pressure relief device 1 consists of an upper multi-stage pressure relief device 11 and a lower multi-stage pressure relief device 12 that cooperate with each other. The upper multi-stage pressure relief device 11 and the lower multi-stage pressure relief device 12 are respectively installed on the upper steel arch frame assembly 21 and the lower steel arch frame assembly 22 by bolt connection.

[0039] The upper component 11 of the multi-stage pressure relief device includes a sleeve 111, a connecting rod 114, and a spherical end 115. The sleeve 111 is a rectangular structure with a cover on the upper part, assembled from an upper end plate 112 and four side plates 113. The inner wall of the two side plates 113 facing the wing plates of the steel arch frame assembly 2 in the sleeve 111 is provided with multiple parallel sliding grooves 117. Multiple self-rotating balls 118 are spaced apart in the sliding grooves 117. That is, the balls 118 cannot move along the vertical direction of the sliding grooves 117, but can rotate. There are four connecting rods 114, which are arranged in an array. The connecting rods 114 are installed on the upper end plate 112 and located in the sleeve 111. The spherical end 115 is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 114. The four spherical ends 115 are located on both sides of the web of the upper steel arch frame assembly 21.

[0040] The lower assembly 12 of the multi-stage pressure relief device comprises a lower end plate 121 and multi-stage pressure relief dampers 123, the cross-sectional size of the lower assembly 12 (the lower end plate 121) of the multi-stage pressure relief device, the cross-sectional size of the lower steel arch assembly 22 and the cross-sectional size inside the sleeve 111 correspond to each other, the lower assembly 12 of the multi-stage pressure relief device and the lower steel arch assembly 22 are both installed inside the sleeve 111 and move along the extension direction inside the sleeve 111, four through holes 122 are formed on the lower end plate 121, and one multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 is welded or threadedly connected and installed in each through hole 122, the positions and numbers of the spherical end heads 115 of the upper assembly 11 of the multi-stage pressure relief device correspond to the positions and numbers of the multi-stage pressure relief dampers 123 of the lower assembly 12 of the multi-stage pressure relief device respectively, and the four multi-stage pressure relief dampers 123 are located on both sides of the web of the lower steel arch assembly 22 respectively. The multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 comprises a damping cylinder 124 and a bottom sealing end plate 125, the damping cylinder 124 is internally provided with multi-stage threads, the inner diameter of each stage of threads of the multi-stage threads decreases from top to bottom, in the embodiment, the multi-stage threads are three-stage threads, the three-stage threads comprise a first sub-stage thread 126, a second sub-stage thread 127 and a third sub-stage thread 128 arranged from top to bottom in sequence, the inner diameter of the first sub-stage thread 126 is greater than that of the second sub-stage thread 127, and the inner diameter of the second sub-stage thread 127 is greater than that of the third sub-stage thread 128, the bottom sealing end plate 125 is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124 and is used for sealing the bottom end of the damping cylinder 124, and the connecting rod 114 and the spherical end head 115 are both installed in the damping cylinder 124 of the multi-stage pressure relief damper 123. In addition, the top of the damping cylinder 124 is provided with a one-way clamping buckle 129, the one-way clamping buckle 129 can limit the spherical end head 115 and prevent the spherical end head 115 from moving out of the damping cylinder 124, the one-way clamping buckle 129 is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, and the arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner periphery of the opening end of the damping cylinder 124, in the embodiment, four arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged, the outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected to the damping cylinder 124 through a rotatable piece (a torsional spring can be selected), and a hole through which the connecting rod 114 passes is formed between the inner sides of the four arc-shaped rotating plates. Under normal conditions, the arc-shaped rotating plates are in a horizontal state, when the arc-shaped rotating plates are subjected to a downward force, the arc-shaped rotating plates rotate downward, when the downward force disappears, the arc-shaped rotating plates rotate back to the horizontal state, and when the arc-shaped rotating plates are subjected to an upward force, the arc-shaped rotating plates remain in the horizontal state and do not rotate upward.

[0041] The upper end plate 112 of the upper assembly 11 of the multi-stage pressure relief device is connected with the connecting plate 23 of the upper steel arch assembly 21 through a bolt structure, and the lower end plate 121 of the lower assembly 12 of the multi-stage pressure relief device is connected with the connecting plate 23 of the lower steel arch assembly 22 through a bolt structure. The connecting plate 23 of the lower steel arch assembly 22 is provided with a placement hole for placing the multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 (the damping cylinder 124), and the upper end plate 112 of the upper assembly 11 of the multi-stage pressure relief device, the connecting plate 23 of the upper steel arch assembly 21, the lower end plate 121 of the lower assembly 12 of the multi-stage pressure relief device and the connecting plate 23 of the lower steel arch assembly 22 are all provided with four screw holes 116 arranged in an array, and the bolt structure is composed of a bolt 24 and a nut 25.

[0042] As shown in Figures 1-10 The working method of the multi-stage pressure relief device with hierarchical threads is as follows:

[0043] When the spherical end head 115 extrudes the one-way clamping buckle 129 downward, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates downward, so that the spherical end head 115 enters the damping cylinder 124, and when the spherical end head 115 completely enters the damping cylinder 124, the arc-shaped rotating plate rotates back to the horizontal state, the connecting rod 114 is located in the hole formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plate, the one-way clamping buckle 129 can limit the spherical end head 115 from separating from the damping cylinder 124, and the hole formed between the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plate guides the connecting rod 114. The spherical end head 115 abuts and shears the first hierarchical thread, when the steel arch a deforms to a certain critical value, the spherical end head 115 abuts and shears the second hierarchical thread, automatically starts the secondary deformation, and the spherical end head 115 abuts and shears the third hierarchical thread, automatically starts the tertiary deformation, realizes the multi-stage pressure relief of the large deformation of the steel arch a. When the multi-stage pressure relief damper 123 deforms to the limit, the upper end plate 112 and the lower end plate 121 can completely adhere to each other, the small space between the steel arch a can be fully utilized, the deformation amount of the steel arch a can be increased, and the stability of the steel arch a can be enhanced. In this process, the friction between the sleeve 111 and the lower steel arch assembly 22 can be reduced through the arrangement of the balls 118 on the side plates 113 of the sleeve 111.

[0044] The beneficial technical effects of the embodiment are as follows:

[0045] (1) The spherical end head abuts and shears the first hierarchical thread, when the steel arch deforms to a certain critical value, the spherical end head abuts and shears the second hierarchical thread, automatically starts the secondary deformation, and the spherical end head abuts and shears the third hierarchical thread, automatically starts the tertiary deformation, realizes the multi-stage pressure relief of the large deformation of the steel arch;

[0046] (2) The hierarchical thread can adapt to different surrounding rocks according to different geological conditions or surrounding rock deformations, and protect the steel arch;

[0047] (3) When the surrounding rock pressure or deformation is large, the multi-stage pressure-releasing device can reduce the deformation of the steel arch itself and prevent the steel arch from being crushed and twisted;

[0048] (4) The steel arch insertion sleeve and the multiple connecting rods insertion damping cylinder are arranged, which can not only guide the deformation direction of the steel arch, but also increase the overall stability between the steel arch and the pressure-releasing device. Meanwhile, when the pressure-releasing device deforms, the friction between the sleeve and the steel arch can be reduced through the arrangement of the rolling balls on the side plate of the sleeve;

[0049] (5) The multi-stage pressure-releasing damper is arranged at the lower part of the lower end plate. When the multi-stage pressure-releasing damper deforms to the limit, the upper end plate and the lower end plate can be completely attached, the small space between the steel arches is fully utilized, the deformation space of the steel arch is increased, and the stability of the steel arch is enhanced.

[0050] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can recognize that various improvements and changes can be made to the present application without departing from the scope defined by the claims, and therefore, detailed description is not given here.

Claims

1. A hierarchical thread multi-stage yielding split steel arch, characterized in that: The steel arch is composed of a plurality of steel arch assemblies, the steel arch assembly is an I-shaped steel structure, two adjacent steel arch assemblies are connected by a hierarchical thread multi-stage pressure device, the two adjacent steel arch assemblies are an upper steel arch assembly and a lower steel arch assembly, the hierarchical thread multi-stage pressure device is composed of a multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and a multi-stage pressure device lower assembly, the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly are respectively installed on the upper steel arch assembly and the lower steel arch assembly by bolt connection.

2. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable split steel arch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The multi-stage pressure device upper assembly includes a sleeve, a connecting rod and a spherical end, the sleeve is a rectangular structure with a cover assembled by an upper end plate and four side plates, the inner walls of the side plates facing the wings of the steel arch assembly are provided with a plurality of parallel sliding grooves, a plurality of self-rotating balls are arranged in the sliding grooves, the connecting rod is provided with a plurality of connecting rods, the connecting rod is installed on the upper end plate and located in the sleeve, the spherical end is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly includes a lower end plate and a multi-stage pressure damper, a plurality of through holes are formed in the lower end plate, and each through hole is provided with a multi-stage pressure damper, the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly and the lower steel arch assembly are installed in the sleeve, and the connecting rod and the spherical end are installed in the multi-stage pressure damper.

3. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable split steel arch as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The multi-stage pressure damper includes a damping cylinder and a bottom end plate, the damping cylinder is internally provided with a plurality of hierarchical threads, the inner diameter of each hierarchical thread decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom end plate is arranged at the bottom end of the damping cylinder and used for closing the bottom end of the damping cylinder.

4. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable split steel arch as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The top of the damping cylinder is provided with a one-way clamping buckle.

5. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable split steel arch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The one-way clamping buckle is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped rotating plates, the arc-shaped rotating plates are arranged along the inner circumference of the opening end of the damping cylinder, the outer side of each arc-shaped rotating plate is connected to the damping cylinder through a rotatable piece, and the inner sides of the arc-shaped rotating plates form a hole through which the connecting rod passes.

6. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable split steel arch as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The upper end plate of the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and the connecting plate of the upper steel arch assembly are connected by a bolt structure, and the lower end plate of the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly and the connecting plate of the lower steel arch assembly are connected by a bolt structure.

7. The hierarchical thread multi-stage yieldable split steel arch as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The positions and numbers of the spherical end of the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly correspond to the positions and numbers of the multi-stage pressure damper of the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly. The spherical end of the multi-stage pressure device upper assembly and the multi-stage pressure damper of the multi-stage pressure device lower assembly are arranged in an array, the spherical end is evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the upper steel arch assembly, and the multi-stage pressure damper is evenly distributed on both sides of the web plate of the lower steel arch assembly.

Images