Nozzles for pure hydrogen gas turbines

Abstract

The embodiment of the present disclosure discloses a nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine. A specific implementation of the nozzle includes: a nozzle body, a first micro-mixing assembly, a second micro-mixing assembly, an air circulation annular member, a first hydrogen fuel pipe and a second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly; the second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly includes at least one second hydrogen fuel pipe, and the first hydrogen fuel pipe and each second hydrogen fuel pipe are arranged on the nozzle body; the nozzle body includes a fuel chamber, and the air circulation annular member is arranged in the fuel chamber; the first micro-mixing assembly includes each micro-mixing tube that is annularly arranged layer by layer around the first hydrogen fuel pipe, and the second micro-mixing assembly includes each micro-mixing tube that is annularly arranged layer by layer around the air circulation annular member, and the micro-mixing tube inclination direction and micro-mixing tube inclination angle of each micro-mixing tube group are the same. This implementation can improve the safety and life of the pure hydrogen gas turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the technical field of gas turbines, and in particular to a nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] The main task of the nozzle of a pure hydrogen gas turbine is to spray a mixture of pure hydrogen and air into the combustion chamber and make it reach an appropriate speed and distribution, so as to achieve mixing and combustion reactions in the combustion chamber. At present, the nozzle of a pure hydrogen gas turbine is usually adopted in the following way: multiple smaller mixing tubes are used to replace the traditional large-sized nozzles, thereby reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides of the gas turbine through the micro-mixed premixed combustion technology.

[0003] However, the inventors have found that when the nozzle of the above-mentioned pure hydrogen gas turbine is used, the following technical problems often occur: when a plurality of smaller mixing tubes are used to achieve premixed combustion through micro-mixed premixed combustion technology, the coupling of flame heat release-sound wave-flow field in the combustion chamber will produce thermoacoustic instability or self-excited oscillation, resulting in structural resonance of the combustion system. The violent pressure pulsation may even damage the combustion chamber structure, thereby reducing the safety and life of the pure hydrogen gas turbine.

[0004] The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure concept and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The content of this disclosure is used to introduce concepts in a brief form, which will be described in detail in the detailed implementation section below. The content of this disclosure is not intended to identify the key features or essential features of the technical solution claimed for protection, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the technical solution claimed for protection.

[0006] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide nozzles suitable for pure hydrogen gas turbines to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background technology section.

[0007] In a first aspect, some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine, the nozzle comprising: a nozzle body, a first micro-mixing component, a second micro-mixing component, an air circulation annular component, a first hydrogen fuel pipe and a second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly; the second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly comprises at least one second hydrogen fuel pipe, the first hydrogen fuel pipe and each second hydrogen fuel pipe are arranged on the nozzle body; the nozzle body comprises a fuel chamber, the air circulation annular component is arranged in the fuel chamber around the first micro-mixing component, the air circulation annular component divides the fuel chamber into a first hydrogen chamber and a second hydrogen chamber, the first hydrogen fuel pipe is communicated with the first hydrogen chamber, and each second hydrogen fuel pipe is connected to the first hydrogen chamber. The second hydrogen chamber is communicated with the above-mentioned air circulation annular member, and the outlet end of the above-mentioned air circulation annular member is communicated with the above-mentioned first hydrogen chamber and the above-mentioned second hydrogen chamber; the above-mentioned first micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, and the above-mentioned second micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, each micro-mixing tube group includes at least one micro-mixing tube, and the micro-mixing tubes included in the above-mentioned first micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the above-mentioned first hydrogen fuel pipe and are inclined layer by layer in the above-mentioned first hydrogen chamber, and the micro-mixing tubes included in the above-mentioned second micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the above-mentioned air circulation annular member and are inclined layer by layer in the above-mentioned second hydrogen chamber, and the micro-mixing tubes in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are arranged in the same annular layer, and the micro-mixing tube inclination direction and micro-mixing tube inclination angle of each micro-mixing tube in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are the same.

[0008] Optionally, for each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, there is at least one micro-mixing tube group in each micro-mixing tube group whose micro-mixing tubes are inclined in opposite directions to those of the micro-mixing tube group.

[0009] Optionally, in each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, two micro-mixing tubes corresponding to two adjacent micro-mixing tube groups have opposite inclination directions.

[0010] Optionally, in each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, two micro-mixing tubes corresponding to two adjacent micro-mixing tube groups have the same inclination angle.

[0011] Optionally, the micro-mixing tubes included in the nozzle have the same inclination angle.

[0012] Optionally, the inclination angle of the micro-mixing tube is in the range of 15 degrees to 45 degrees.

[0013] Optionally, each micro-mixing tube in the above-mentioned nozzle includes a micro-mixing tube inlet end, and the micro-mixing tube inlet end is provided with a chamfer.

[0014] Optionally, the inlet end of the air circulation annular member is provided with a chamfer.

[0015] Optionally, the nozzle is manufactured by a three-dimensional printing method.

[0016] Optionally, the nozzle further includes a cooling panel, which is disposed in the fuel chamber and connected to the nozzle body, the distance between the cooling panel and the lower surface of the nozzle body is a preset height, each micro-mixing tube in the nozzle includes a micro-mixing tube body, the micro-mixing tube body includes a first section and a second section, the first section is connected to the upper surface of the nozzle body through a tapered angle, the second section passes through the cooling panel, is connected to the upper surface of the cooling panel through a rounded corner, and is connected to the lower surface of the cooling panel through a tapered angle, and the second section is also connected to the lower surface of the nozzle body through a rounded corner. The wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube of the first section is greater than the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube of the second section.

[0017] The above-mentioned various embodiments of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects: through the nozzles applicable to pure hydrogen gas turbines of some embodiments of the present disclosure, the safety and life of pure hydrogen gas turbines can be improved. Specifically, the reason for the reduced safety of pure hydrogen gas turbines is that when a plurality of smaller mixing tubes are used to realize premixed combustion through micro-mixed premixed combustion technology, the coupling of flame heat release-sound wave-flow field in the combustion chamber will produce thermoacoustic instability or self-excited oscillation, resulting in structural resonance of the combustion system, and violent pressure pulsation may even damage the combustion chamber structure, thereby reducing the safety of pure hydrogen gas turbines. Based on this, some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to a nozzle of a pure hydrogen gas turbine, the nozzle comprising: a nozzle body, a first micro-mixing component, a second micro-mixing component, an air circulation annular member, a first hydrogen fuel pipe and a second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly; the second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly comprises at least one second hydrogen fuel pipe, the first hydrogen fuel pipe and each second hydrogen fuel pipe are arranged on the nozzle body; the nozzle body comprises a fuel chamber, the air circulation annular member is arranged in the fuel chamber around the first micro-mixing component, the air circulation annular member divides the fuel chamber into a first hydrogen chamber and a second hydrogen chamber, the first hydrogen fuel pipe is communicated with the first hydrogen chamber, and each second hydrogen fuel pipe is communicated with the second hydrogen chamber The two hydrogen chambers are communicated with each other, and the outlet end of the above-mentioned air circulation annular member is communicated with the above-mentioned first hydrogen chamber and the above-mentioned second hydrogen chamber; the above-mentioned first micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, and the above-mentioned second micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, each micro-mixing tube group includes at least one micro-mixing tube, and the micro-mixing tubes included in the above-mentioned first micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the above-mentioned first hydrogen fuel pipe and are inclined layer by layer in the above-mentioned first hydrogen chamber, and the micro-mixing tubes included in the above-mentioned second micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the above-mentioned air circulation annular member and are inclined layer by layer in the above-mentioned second hydrogen chamber, and the micro-mixing tubes in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are arranged in the same annular layer, and the micro-mixing tube inclination direction and micro-mixing tube inclination angle of each micro-mixing tube group are the same. Because the micro-mixing tubes in the nozzle are tilted, a weak swirl structure can be formed. Through the interaction of the central jet and the surrounding swirl, a reflux diffusion flow field is formed, which stabilizes the flame at a position where the gas mass flow rate and the flame propagation rate are balanced. This can widen the blow-out limit, increase the working range of the combustion chamber, and reduce the number of backfires, flameouts and explosions. As a result, the safety and life of the pure hydrogen gas turbine can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of the embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent with reference to the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic and that components and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of some embodiments of the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of some embodiments of the nozzles of the present disclosure applicable to pure hydrogen gas turbines;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of some embodiments of the air circulation annular member included in the nozzle applicable to the pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of some embodiments of the first hydrogen fuel pipe included in the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of some embodiments of the nozzles of the present disclosure applicable to pure hydrogen gas turbines;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the first micro-mixing assembly included in the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0026] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0028] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0029] The names of the messages or information exchanged between the multiple devices in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of these messages or information.

[0030] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of some embodiments of the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention. Figure 1 The nozzle body 1 includes a first micro-mixing assembly 2 , a second micro-mixing assembly 3 , an air circulation annular member 4 , a first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 and a second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 .

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of some embodiments of the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention. Figure 2 The invention comprises a nozzle body 1 , a first micro-mixing assembly 2 , a second micro-mixing assembly 3 , an air circulation ring 4 , a first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 , a second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 and a cooling panel 7 .

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of some embodiments of the air circulation ring member included in the nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention. Figure 3 It includes an air circulation channel 41 and a cooling air outlet 42 .

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of some embodiments of the first hydrogen fuel pipe included in the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine disclosed in the present invention. Figure 4 It includes a hydrogen inlet channel 51 and a first hydrogen outlet hole 52 .

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional views of some embodiments of the nozzles disclosed herein that are applicable to pure hydrogen gas turbines. Figure 5 It includes a first hydrogen chamber 111, a second hydrogen chamber 112, an air intake end panel 13, an exhaust end panel 14, an air circulation channel 41, a cooling air outlet 42, a first hydrogen fuel pipe 5, a hydrogen inflow channel 51, a first hydrogen outlet 52, a second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 and a cooling panel 7.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of some embodiments of the first micro-mixing assembly included in the nozzle applicable to a pure hydrogen gas turbine of the present disclosure. Figure 6 It includes a micro-mixing tube 21 , an air inlet hole 211 and a hydrogen inlet hole 212 .

[0037] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, the nozzle may include: a nozzle body 1, a first micro-mixing component 2, a second micro-mixing component 3, an air circulation annular component 4, a first hydrogen fuel pipe 5, and a second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly. Both the first micro-mixing component 2 and the second micro-mixing component 3 may be components for mixing air and pure hydrogen in the nozzle body 1. The pure hydrogen may be a gas with a hydrogen concentration of 100%. The air circulation annular component 4 may be a component of an annular structure for air circulation. The air flowing into the nozzle body 1 through the air circulation annular component 4 may cool the temperature inside the nozzle body 1. As shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the air circulation annular member 4 may include an air circulation channel 41 and a cooling air outlet 42. The first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 may be a pipe for flowing pure hydrogen into the nozzle body 1. Figure 4 As shown, the first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 may include a hydrogen inflow channel 51 and a first hydrogen outlet 52. The assembly may be an assembly for flowing pure hydrogen into the nozzle body 1. The assembly includes at least one second hydrogen fuel pipe 61. The second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 may be a pipe for flowing pure hydrogen into the nozzle body 1. The first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 and each second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 may be disposed on the nozzle body 1.

[0038] In some embodiments, the nozzle body 1 may include a fuel chamber, a side panel, an air intake end panel 13 and an exhaust end panel 14. The fuel chamber may be a chamber for mixing air and hydrogen. The air intake end panel 13 may be a panel at the end where air and hydrogen enter the fuel chamber. The air intake end panel 13 may be a panel at the end where the mixed gas flows out. The two ends of the side panel are respectively connected to the air intake end panel 13 and the exhaust end panel 14 to form a fuel chamber. The first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 may pass through the air intake end panel 13 and be fixedly mounted on the exhaust end panel 14. Figure 1 As shown, each second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 can be evenly arranged circumferentially on the side plate. The air circulation ring 4 can be arranged in the fuel chamber around the first micro-mixing component 2. As an example, the air circulation ring 4 can be arranged on the exhaust end panel 14 around the first micro-mixing component 2. Figure 5As shown, the air circulation annular member 4 can divide the fuel chamber into a first hydrogen chamber 111 and a second hydrogen chamber 112. The first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 can be in communication with the first hydrogen chamber 111. As an example, at least one first hydrogen outlet hole 52 is provided on the first hydrogen fuel pipe 5, and each first hydrogen outlet hole 52 can be in communication with the first hydrogen chamber 111. The second hydrogen fuel pipes 61 can be in communication with the second hydrogen chamber 112. As an embodiment, each second hydrogen fuel pipe 61 is provided with at least one second hydrogen outlet hole, and each second hydrogen outlet hole can be in communication with the second hydrogen chamber 112. The outlet end of the air circulation annular member 4 can be in communication with the first hydrogen chamber 111 and the second hydrogen chamber 112. As an example, at least one cooling air outlet 42 is provided at the outlet end of the air circulation annular member 4, and each cooling air outlet 42 can be communicated with the first hydrogen chamber 111 and the second hydrogen chamber 112. Thus, both hydrogen and air can enter the fuel chamber.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first micro-mixing assembly 2 may include at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups. The second micro-mixing assembly 3 may include at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups. Each micro-mixing tube group may include at least one micro-mixing tube 21. The two ends of each micro-mixing tube 21 are respectively arranged on the intake end panel 13 and the exhaust end panel 14. The micro-mixing tube 21 may be a pipe for mixing air and pure hydrogen. The material of the micro-mixing tube 21 may be a nickel-based high-temperature alloy. For example, the material of the micro-mixing tube 21 may be GH3536. Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, each micro-mixing tube 21 included in the first micro-mixing assembly 2 can be arranged in the first hydrogen chamber 111 in an annular shape layer by layer around the first hydrogen fuel pipe 5. Each micro-mixing tube 21 included in the second micro-mixing assembly 3 can be arranged in the second hydrogen chamber 112 in an annular shape layer by layer around the air circulation ring member 4. Each micro-mixing tube in each group of micro-mixing tube groups is arranged in the same annular layer, that is, each micro-mixing tube 21 located in the same ring can be a micro-mixing tube group. The micro-mixing tube inclination direction and micro-mixing tube inclination angle of each micro-mixing tube 21 in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are the same. The micro-mixing tube inclination direction can be the direction in which the central axis of the micro-mixing tube 21 is inclined relative to the central axis of the nozzle body 1. The micro-mixing tube inclination direction can be, but is not limited to, one of the following: clockwise inclination and counterclockwise inclination. The micro-mixing tube inclination angle can be the angle between the central axis of the micro-mixing tube 21 and the central axis of the nozzle body 1. The micro-mixing tube inclination angle can range from 5 degrees to 85 degrees. The micro-mixing tube 21 may include an air inlet hole 211, at least one hydrogen inlet hole 212 and a mixed gas outlet hole. The air inlet hole 211 may be a hole for air to flow into the micro-mixing tube 21. The hydrogen inlet hole 212 may be a hole for pure hydrogen to flow into the micro-mixing tube 21. The mixed gas outlet hole may be a hole for the mixed gas to flow out of the micro-mixing tube 21. The mixed gas may be a mixed gas of air and hydrogen. At least one air inlet hole is provided on the intake end panel 13. The air inlet hole may be an air inlet hole 211 for air to flow into the fuel chamber. The air inlet hole 211 of each micro-mixing tube 21 corresponds to one air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole 211 is connected to the corresponding air inlet hole. The size of the air inlet hole may be the same as the size of the inner diameter of the micro-mixing tube. At least one mixed gas outflow hole is provided on the exhaust end panel 14. The mixed gas outflow hole may be a hole for the mixed gas to flow out of the fuel chamber. The mixed gas outlet hole of each micro-mixing tube 21 corresponds to one mixed gas outflow hole and is connected. Each hydrogen inlet hole of each micro-mixing tube 21 included in the first micro-mixing assembly 2 may be communicated with the first hydrogen chamber 111 . Each hydrogen inlet hole of each micro-mixing tube 21 included in the second micro-mixing assembly 3 may be communicated with the second hydrogen chamber 112 .Thus, in the working state, air for combustion can flow into the micro-mixing tube 21 through the air inlet holes on the intake end panel 13 and the air inlet holes 211 of the micro-mixing tube 21, and hydrogen for combustion can flow into the first hydrogen chamber 111 and the second hydrogen chamber 112 through the first hydrogen fuel pipe 5 and the second hydrogen fuel pipes 61 respectively, and flow from the first hydrogen chamber 111 into the micro-mixing tubes 21 included in the first micro-mixing component 2 through the hydrogen inlet holes 212 of the micro-mixing tube 21, and flow from the second hydrogen chamber 112 into the micro-mixing tubes 21 included in the second micro-mixing component 3 through the hydrogen inlet holes 212 of the micro-mixing tube 21, and the air and hydrogen in each micro-mixing tube 21 are mixed in the corresponding micro-mixing tube 21, and finally, the mixed gas in the micro-mixing tube 21 is ejected through the mixed gas outlet holes of the corresponding micro-mixing tube 21 and the mixed gas outflow holes on the exhaust end panel 14.

[0040] Optionally, for each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, there is at least one group of micro-mixing tube groups in each micro-mixing tube group whose micro-mixing tube inclination direction is opposite to that of the above-mentioned micro-mixing tube group. As an example, the first micro-mixing component 2 may include 3 groups of micro-mixing tube groups, which are arranged in order from near to far with respect to the above-mentioned first hydrogen fuel pipe 5, namely, the first group of micro-mixing tube groups, the second group of micro-mixing tube groups and the third group of micro-mixing tube groups. When the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of each micro-mixing tube 21 corresponding to the above-mentioned first group of micro-mixing tube groups is clockwise, the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of each micro-mixing tube corresponding to the second group of micro-mixing tube groups and the third group of micro-mixing tube groups can be counterclockwise. The setting mode of each micro-mixing tube group included in the second micro-mixing component 3 can be the same as the setting mode of each micro-mixing tube group included in the first micro-mixing component 2, which will not be repeated here. In this way, the sound waves of the combustion in the nozzle can be propagated to different directions, so that the waves in different directions can collide with each other and weaken each other's propagation. Then, the sound waves in different directions can damp each other during the propagation process, reduce the vibration frequency and amplitude of the sound waves, and destroy the thermoacoustic coupling in the combustion process. Thus, the thermoacoustic oscillation can be reduced.

[0041] Optionally, in each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, two micro-mixing tubes corresponding to two adjacent micro-mixing tube groups have opposite inclination directions. Figure 6As shown, the first micro-mixing assembly 2 may include 5 groups of micro-mixing tube groups, which are arranged in order from near to far with respect to the above-mentioned first hydrogen fuel pipe 5, namely the first group of micro-mixing tube groups, the second group of micro-mixing tube groups, the third group of micro-mixing tube groups, the fourth group of micro-mixing tube groups and the fifth group of micro-mixing tube groups. When the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of each micro-mixing tube 21 corresponding to the above-mentioned first group of micro-mixing tube groups is clockwise, the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of the second group of micro-mixing tube groups may be counterclockwise, the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of the third group of micro-mixing tube groups may be clockwise, the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of the fourth group of micro-mixing tube groups may be counterclockwise, and the micro-mixing tube inclination direction of the fifth group of micro-mixing tube groups may be clockwise. The arrangement of each micro-mixing tube group included in the second micro-mixing assembly 3 may be the same as the arrangement of each micro-mixing tube group included in the first micro-mixing assembly 2, which will not be repeated here. Thus, two adjacent groups of micro-mixing tubes can generate acoustic waves burning in opposite directions, and a shear layer can be formed between the opposite swirls generated on the exhaust end panel side. The interaction of the shear layer will promote the formation of vortices, and the interaction of the vortices can promote better mixing of the fuel and the surrounding air. Therefore, the opposite swirl will enhance the entrainment and mixing effect of the fuel jet on the exhaust side of the nozzle, thereby improving the mixing efficiency and fuel utilization, avoiding the large number of local high-temperature areas and hot spots, enhancing the combustion effect, and improving the uniformity of the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution.

[0042] Optionally, in each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, the two micro-mixing tubes corresponding to the two adjacent micro-mixing tube groups have the same inclination angle. Figure 6 As shown, the inclination angles of the micro-mixing tubes corresponding to the first micro-mixing tube group, the second micro-mixing tube group, the third micro-mixing tube group, the fourth micro-mixing tube group and the fifth micro-mixing tube group can all be 30 degrees, thereby facilitating processing.

[0043] Optionally, the micro-mixing tubes 21 included in the nozzle may have the same inclination angle. In practice, the micro-mixing tube inclination angles of the micro-mixing tubes 21 included in the first micro-mixing assembly 2 and the micro-mixing tube inclination angles of the micro-mixing tubes 21 included in the second micro-mixing assembly 3 may be the same. This facilitates processing.

[0044] Optionally, the inclination angle of the micro-mixing tube may be in the range of 15 to 45 degrees, thereby improving the mixing effect of the mixed gas in the micro-mixing tube and reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides.

[0045] Optionally, each micro-mixing tube 21 in the nozzle may include a micro-mixing tube inlet end. The micro-mixing tube inlet end may be an end for air to flow into the micro-mixing tube 21. In practice, the micro-mixing tube inlet end may be an end where the air inlet hole 211 of the micro-mixing tube 21 is located. The micro-mixing tube inlet end may be provided with a chamfer. There is no limitation on the angle of the chamfer. For example, the angle of the chamfer is 45 degrees. In this way, the turbulent dissipation caused by the disturbance of the air flow velocity can be reduced, the intake uniformity can be improved, and the mixing effect of air and pure hydrogen can be increased.

[0046] Optionally, the inlet end of the air circulation annular member 4 may be provided with a chamfer, thereby reducing turbulent dissipation caused by air velocity disturbance, improving intake uniformity, and thus improving the mixing effect of air and pure hydrogen.

[0047] Optionally, the nozzle is manufactured by a three-dimensional printing method.

[0048] In the process of adopting technical solutions to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the following technical problem 2 is often accompanied: the micro-mixing tube in the nozzle is tilted. During the printing process, insufficient support will cause the metal powder to not be burned through, resulting in a large amount of oxide layer, causing cracks in the micro-mixing tube. How to detect whether there are cracks in the micro-mixing tube to reduce the risk of air leakage in the micro-mixing tube. In response to the above technical problem 2, the conventional solution is generally: after the nozzle is printed, the printed nozzle will be inspected for cracks through a crack detection device. However, the above conventional solution still has the following problem: crack detection is performed after the nozzle is printed. If the crack detection fails, the manufactured nozzle cannot be used, resulting in a waste of production resources.

[0049] Therefore, in the face of the above technical problem "how to detect whether there are cracks in the micro-mixing tube to reduce the risk of gas leakage in the micro-mixing tube", the following solutions can be adopted:

[0050] Optionally, the nozzle is manufactured by performing a three-dimensional printing method on a nozzle manufacturing device. The nozzle manufacturing device may include but is not limited to a main control chip, an image acquisition component and a three-dimensional printing device. The main control chip may be a microcontroller. The main control chip may be communicatively connected with the three-dimensional printing device and the image acquisition component.

[0051] Optionally, the nozzle is manufactured by configuring a main control chip included in a nozzle manufacturing device to execute the following three-dimensional printing method:

[0052] The first step is to obtain the nozzle structure information of the nozzle to be manufactured in response to the detection of the print start information. The print start information may represent the information of the nozzle that needs to start printing. For example, the print start information may be "start". The nozzle to be manufactured may be a unique identifier of the nozzle to be manufactured. The nozzle to be manufactured may be a nozzle waiting to be manufactured. For example, the nozzle to be manufactured may be a nozzle number. The nozzle structure information may represent the structure of the nozzle. The nozzle structure information may include but is not limited to a nozzle structure diagram. The nozzle structure diagram may be a three-dimensional structure diagram of the nozzle. In practice, the nozzle manufacturing device may obtain the nozzle structure information of the nozzle to be manufactured from the database through a wired connection or a wireless connection in response to the detection of the print start information. It should be noted that the wireless connection method may include but is not limited to a 3G / 4G connection, a WiFi connection, a Bluetooth connection, a WiMAX connection, a Zigbee connection, a UWB (ultra wideband) connection, and other wireless connection methods currently known or to be developed in the future.

[0053] The second step is to control the above-mentioned three-dimensional printing device to perform a nozzle manufacturing operation according to the above-mentioned nozzle structure information, and control the above-mentioned image acquisition component to perform an image acquisition operation to obtain a nozzle image sequence. Among them, the above-mentioned three-dimensional printing device can be a three-dimensional printer for printing metal materials. The above-mentioned nozzle manufacturing operation can be an operation of printing a nozzle. The above-mentioned image acquisition component can include but is not limited to a camera. The above-mentioned image acquisition operation can be an operation of taking an image. The above-mentioned image acquisition component can be arranged on the outer side of the nozzle included in the above-mentioned three-dimensional printing device. As an example, the above-mentioned camera can be arranged on the side of the nozzle, and the lens of the camera is aimed at the base of the three-dimensional printing device.

[0054] The third step is to perform crack detection processing on each nozzle image included in the nozzle image sequence to obtain a crack detection result, wherein the crack detection result can indicate whether there is a crack in the structure included in the printed nozzle.

[0055] In the process of adopting technical solutions to solve the technical problems in the background technology, the following technical problem three is often accompanied: how to detect cracks. In response to the above technical problem three, the conventional solution is generally: using a neural network model to perform real-time detection on the images collected by the image acquisition device. However, the above conventional solution still has the following problems: the image acquisition device is set on the outer side of the nozzle, and the nozzle will vibrate during the printing process, resulting in blurred nozzle images and uneven image illumination. Directly performing crack detection on the collected nozzle image results in low accuracy of crack detection results, thereby causing a waste of production resources.

[0056] Therefore, in the face of the above technical problem 3 "how to detect cracks", we jointly with image processing R&D personnel adopted the following solution:

[0057] Step 1: Deblur the nozzle image to obtain a first nozzle image. In practice, the execution subject may deblur the nozzle image by a preset image deblurring algorithm to obtain the first nozzle image. The preset image deblurring algorithm may be a preset algorithm for deblurring an image. For example, the preset image deblurring algorithm may be a preset image deblurring algorithm based on MPRNet (multi-stage progressive image restoration net).

[0058] Step 2: Perform nozzle detection processing on the first nozzle image to obtain a nozzle area image. In practice, the execution subject may perform nozzle detection processing on the first nozzle image by using a preset target detection algorithm to obtain a nozzle area image. The preset target detection algorithm may be a pre-set algorithm for target detection. For example, the preset target detection algorithm may be a target detection algorithm based on a neural network.

[0059] Step 3: determine the nozzle area image as the initial nozzle area image, and perform the following image correction steps:

[0060] Image correction step 1: spatially transform the initial nozzle area image to obtain a first transformed nozzle image. In practice, the execution subject may spatially transform the initial nozzle area image using a preset color space transformation algorithm to obtain a first transformed nozzle image. The preset color space transformation algorithm may be an algorithm for transforming an RGB image into an HSV image.

[0061] Image correction step 2, determining the spatial component information set of the above-mentioned first converted nozzle image. The spatial component information in the above-mentioned spatial component information set may be a corresponding spatial component value. For example, if the corresponding spatial component is hue (H), the spatial component information may be the hue value of the first converted nozzle image. If the corresponding spatial component is saturation (S), the spatial component information may be the saturation of the first converted nozzle image. If the corresponding spatial component is brightness (V), the spatial component information may be the brightness of the first converted nozzle image.

[0062] In the third image correction step, the spatial component information in the spatial component information set that satisfies a preset brightness information condition is determined as the target spatial component information. The preset brightness information condition may be: the spatial component information is brightness.

[0063] Image correction step 4: In response to determining that the target spatial component information satisfies the preset component condition, the first converted nozzle area image is determined as the nozzle area image to be detected. In practice, the preset component condition may be that the brightness in the target spatial component information is less than or equal to a preset brightness value. The preset brightness value may be a preset brightness value that represents the brightness of the image and does not need to be adjusted. For example, the preset brightness value may be 125.

[0064] Image correction step five: in response to determining that the target spatial component information does not meet the preset component condition, the first converted nozzle area image is subjected to histogram equalization processing to obtain a balanced nozzle image. In practice, the execution subject may, in response to determining that the target spatial component information does not meet the preset component condition, perform histogram equalization processing on the first converted nozzle area image using a preset histogram equalization processing algorithm to obtain a balanced nozzle image. The preset histogram equalization processing algorithm may be a pre-set algorithm for performing histogram equalization processing on an image.

[0065] Image correction step six: performing gamma transformation on the equalized nozzle image to obtain a transformed nozzle image.

[0066] Image correction step seven: determining the transformed nozzle image as the initial nozzle area image, and continuing to perform the image correction step.

[0067] Step 4, frequency domain filtering is performed on the image of the nozzle area to be detected to obtain a filtered nozzle image. In practice, first, the execution subject can transform the image of the nozzle area to be detected by a preset Fourier transform algorithm to obtain a spectrum image. Secondly, the spectrum image is filtered by a preset bandpass filter to obtain a filtered spectrum image. Finally, the filtered spectrum image is inversely transformed by a preset inverse Fourier transform algorithm to obtain a filtered nozzle image. In this way, the image texture details lost during the gamma transform can be enhanced.

[0068] Step 5: Perform color conversion on the filtered nozzle image to obtain a second converted nozzle image. In practice, the execution subject may perform color conversion on the filtered nozzle image using a preset color conversion algorithm to obtain a second converted nozzle image. The preset color conversion algorithm may be a pre-set algorithm for converting an HSV image into an RGB image.

[0069] Step 6: Perform crack detection processing on the second converted nozzle image to obtain a crack detection result. In practice, the execution subject may input the second converted nozzle image into a pre-trained crack detection model to obtain a crack detection result. The crack detection model may be a classification model that takes the second converted nozzle image as input and the crack detection result as output. The classification model may be a support vector machine or a convolutional neural network.

[0070] The above crack detection method and its related contents, as an inventive point of the embodiments of the present disclosure, solve the technical problem that "the image acquisition device is set on the outer side of the nozzle, and the nozzle will generate a jitter phenomenon during the printing process, resulting in a blurred image of the nozzle and uneven image illumination. The crack detection is directly performed on the acquired nozzle image, resulting in a low accuracy of the crack detection result, thereby causing a waste of production resources". The factors that lead to the waste of production resources are often as follows: the image acquisition device is set on the outer side of the nozzle, and the nozzle will generate a jitter phenomenon during the printing process, resulting in a blurred image of the nozzle and uneven image illumination. The crack detection is directly performed on the acquired nozzle image, resulting in a low accuracy of the crack detection result, thereby causing a waste of production resources. If the above factors are solved, the effect of saving production resources can be achieved. In order to achieve this effect, the nozzle of some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the process of printing by a three-dimensional printing device, uses an image acquisition device to detect in real time whether the structure of the printed nozzle has cracks, and when performing crack detection, first. The acquired nozzle image is deblurred, so that the clarity of the detected nozzle image can be improved. Secondly, the image contrast is improved by judging the image brightness. When the image brightness does not meet the requirements, the image is enhanced by histogram equalization and gamma conversion until the image brightness meets the detection requirements, thereby improving the nozzle image quality. After that, the nozzle image is filtered again in the frequency domain to enhance the texture details of the image, thereby further improving the image quality for crack detection, thereby improving the accuracy of crack detection results and saving production resources.

[0071] In the fourth step, in response to determining that each crack detection result set meets a preset detection condition, the 3D printing device is controlled to continue to perform the nozzle manufacturing operation. The preset detection condition may be that each crack detection result indicates that no crack exists.

[0072] Step 5: In response to detecting the printing completion information, the three-dimensional printing device is controlled to perform a stop printing operation to obtain a printing nozzle. The printing completion information may indicate that the nozzle printing is completed. For example, the printing completion information may be "finish". The stop printing operation may be an operation to stop the printing nozzle.

[0073] In a sixth step, in response to determining that each crack detection result obtained does not satisfy the preset detection condition, the three-dimensional printing device is controlled to execute the printing stop operation.

[0074] The above technical scheme and its related contents, as an inventive point of an embodiment of the present disclosure, solve the technical problem of "performing crack detection after nozzle printing is completed, and if the crack detection fails, the manufactured nozzle cannot be used, resulting in a waste of production resources". The factors that lead to the waste of production resources are often as follows: after the nozzle printing is completed, crack detection is performed again, and if the crack detection fails, the manufactured nozzle cannot be used, resulting in a waste of production resources. If the above factors are solved, the effect of saving production resources can be achieved. In order to achieve this effect, the nozzles of some embodiments of the present disclosure, during the printing process through the three-dimensional printing device, detect in real time whether there are cracks in the printed nozzle structure by setting an image acquisition device, and stop printing in time when cracks exist, thereby reducing the consumption of production resources.

[0075] Optionally, the nozzle may further include a cooling panel 7. The cooling panel 7 may be a panel for cooling the micro-mixing tube by air. Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the cooling panel 7 may be disposed in the fuel chamber and connected to the nozzle body 1. The distance between the cooling panel 7 and the lower surface of the nozzle body 1 is a preset height. The lower surface of the nozzle body 1 may be the upper surface of the exhaust end panel 14. The preset height may be 10 mm. Each micro-mixing tube in the nozzle may include a micro-mixing tube body. The micro-mixing tube body may include a first section and a second section. As an example, the first section may be a portion at one end where the air inlet hole of the micro-mixing tube is located. The second section may be a portion of a section where the mixed gas outlet hole is located. The length of the first section may range from 7 to 8 mm. The first section is connected to the upper surface of the nozzle body 1 through a tapered angle. The upper surface of the nozzle body 1 may be the lower surface of the intake end panel 13. The second section may penetrate the cooling panel 7, be connected to the upper surface of the cooling panel 7 through a fillet, and be connected to the lower surface of the cooling panel 7 through a tapered angle. The second section is also connected to the lower surface of the nozzle body 1 through a fillet. The wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube of the first section is greater than the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube of the second section. Among them, the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube can be the thickness of the tube wall of the micro-mixing tube. The difference between the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube in the first section and the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube in the second section can be 0.5 mm. Therefore, firstly, by adding fillets between the upper surfaces of the exhaust end panel and the cooling panel and the micro-mixing tube, excessive stress can be prevented, thereby reducing the phenomenon of cracks between the micro-mixing tube and the baffle. Secondly, by adding a taper angle at the intersection of the lower surfaces of the intake end panel and the cooling panel with the micro-mixing tube, the taper angle can be used as a supporting structure and the phenomenon of reducing the appearance of an oxide layer. Finally, by increasing the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube near the lower surface of the intake end, the phenomenon of misalignment between the intake end panel and the micro-mixing tube during 3D printing can be reduced, thereby reducing hydrogen leakage.

[0076] The above-mentioned various embodiments of the present disclosure have the following beneficial effects: through the nozzles applicable to pure hydrogen gas turbines of some embodiments of the present disclosure, the safety and life of pure hydrogen gas turbines can be improved. Specifically, the reason for the reduced safety of pure hydrogen gas turbines is that when a plurality of smaller mixing tubes are used to realize premixed combustion through micro-mixed premixed combustion technology, the coupling of flame heat release-sound wave-flow field in the combustion chamber will produce thermoacoustic instability or self-excited oscillation, resulting in structural resonance of the combustion system, and mild pressure pulsation may even damage the combustion chamber structure, thereby reducing the safety of pure hydrogen gas turbines. Based on this, some embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to a nozzle of a pure hydrogen gas turbine, the nozzle comprising: a nozzle body, a first micro-mixing component, a second micro-mixing component, an air circulation annular member, a first hydrogen fuel pipe and a second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly; the second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly comprises at least one second hydrogen fuel pipe, the first hydrogen fuel pipe and each second hydrogen fuel pipe are arranged on the nozzle body; the nozzle body comprises a fuel chamber, the air circulation annular member is arranged in the fuel chamber around the first micro-mixing component, the air circulation annular member divides the fuel chamber into a first hydrogen chamber and a second hydrogen chamber, the first hydrogen fuel pipe is communicated with the first hydrogen chamber, and each second hydrogen fuel pipe is communicated with the second hydrogen chamber The two hydrogen chambers are communicated with each other, and the outlet end of the above-mentioned air circulation annular member is communicated with the above-mentioned first hydrogen chamber and the above-mentioned second hydrogen chamber; the above-mentioned first micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, and the above-mentioned second micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, each micro-mixing tube group includes at least one micro-mixing tube, and the micro-mixing tubes included in the above-mentioned first micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the above-mentioned first hydrogen fuel pipe and are inclined layer by layer in the above-mentioned first hydrogen chamber, and the micro-mixing tubes included in the above-mentioned second micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the above-mentioned air circulation annular member and are inclined layer by layer in the above-mentioned second hydrogen chamber, and the micro-mixing tubes in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are arranged in the same annular layer, and the micro-mixing tube inclination direction and micro-mixing tube inclination angle of each micro-mixing tube group are the same. Because the micro-mixing tubes in the nozzle are tilted, a weak swirl structure can be formed. Through the interaction of the central jet and the surrounding swirl, a reflux diffusion flow field is formed, which stabilizes the flame at a position where the gas mass flow rate and the flame propagation rate are balanced. This can widen the blow-out limit, increase the working range of the combustion chamber, and reduce the number of backfires, flameouts and explosions. As a result, the safety and life of the pure hydrogen gas turbine can be improved.

[0077] The above descriptions are only some preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above-mentioned inventive concept. For example, the above-mentioned features are replaced with the technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure (but not limited to) and the technical solutions formed.

Claims

1. A nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine, wherein: The nozzle comprises: a nozzle body, a first micro-mixing assembly, a second micro-mixing assembly, an air circulation annular member, a first hydrogen fuel pipe and a second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly; The second hydrogen fuel pipe assembly includes at least one second hydrogen fuel pipe, the first hydrogen fuel pipe and each second hydrogen fuel pipe are disposed on the nozzle body; The nozzle body includes a fuel chamber, the air circulation annular member is arranged in the fuel chamber around the first micro-mixing assembly, the air circulation annular member divides the fuel chamber into a first hydrogen chamber and a second hydrogen chamber, the first hydrogen fuel pipe is in communication with the first hydrogen chamber, the second hydrogen fuel pipes are in communication with the second hydrogen chamber, and the outlet end of the air circulation annular member is in communication with the first hydrogen chamber and the second hydrogen chamber; The first micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, the second micro-mixing assembly includes at least two groups of micro-mixing tube groups, each micro-mixing tube group includes at least one micro-mixing tube, the micro-mixing tubes included in the first micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the first hydrogen fuel pipe and are tilted layer by layer in the first hydrogen chamber, the micro-mixing tubes included in the second micro-mixing assembly are arranged in an annular shape around the air circulation annular member and are tilted layer by layer in the second hydrogen chamber, the micro-mixing tubes in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are arranged in the same annular layer, and the micro-mixing tube inclination direction and micro-mixing tube inclination angle of each micro-mixing tube in each group of micro-mixing tube groups are the same.

2. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: For each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, there is at least one micro-mixing tube group in each micro-mixing tube group whose micro-mixing tubes are inclined in the opposite direction to the micro-mixing tubes of the micro-mixing tube group.

3. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 2, wherein: In each of the micro-mixing tube groups included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, two micro-mixing tubes corresponding to two adjacent micro-mixing tube groups have opposite inclination directions.

4. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: In each micro-mixing tube group included in the at least two micro-mixing tube groups, two micro-mixing tubes corresponding to two adjacent micro-mixing tube groups have the same inclination angle.

5. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 4, wherein: The micro-mixing tubes included in the nozzle have the same inclination angle.

6. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: The inclination angle of the micro-mixing tube ranges from 15 degrees to 45 degrees.

7. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: Each micro-mixing tube in the nozzle includes a micro-mixing tube inlet end, and the micro-mixing tube inlet end is provided with a chamfer.

8. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: The inlet end of the air circulation annular member is provided with a chamfer.

9. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 1, wherein: The nozzle is manufactured by a three-dimensional printing method.

10. The nozzle suitable for a pure hydrogen gas turbine according to claim 9, wherein: The nozzle also includes a cooling panel, which is arranged in the fuel chamber and connected to the nozzle body. The distance between the cooling panel and the lower surface of the nozzle body is a preset height. Each micro-mixing tube in the nozzle includes a micro-mixing tube body, and the micro-mixing tube body includes a first section and a second section. The first section is connected to the upper surface of the nozzle body through a tapered angle, and the second section passes through the cooling panel, is connected to the upper surface of the cooling panel through a rounded corner, and is connected to the lower surface of the cooling panel through a tapered angle. The second section is also connected to the lower surface of the nozzle body through a rounded corner. The wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube of the first section is greater than the wall thickness of the micro-mixing tube of the second section.

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