Absorption type cogeneration unit and process

Abstract

The invention discloses an absorption type combined cooling and power generation unit and technology in the technical field of absorption type refrigeration and heat pumps, and the absorption type combined cooling and power generation unit comprises a generator, a condenser, an absorber, a first expansion valve, a solution pump and a pressure reducing valve, and further comprises a combined cooling and power generation assembly; the combined cooling and power generation assembly comprises a first evaporator, a second evaporator and a turbine generator. The absorption type refrigerating unit is optimally designed, so that the absorption type refrigerating unit has refrigerating and power generating functions at the same time, the absorption type refrigerating unit can still maintain high-load operation in winter or in seasons with low cold consumption requirements, redundant loads enable the absorption type refrigerating unit to generate power, the problem that the utilization rate of low-grade waste heat is reduced due to low-load operation of the absorption type refrigerating unit is solved, and the utilization rate of the low-grade waste heat is increased. In summer or when the requirement for the cooling capacity is high, assemblies, originally designed for power generation, of the unit are made to conduct refrigeration so as to meet the maximum cooling load, after the time of the maximum cooling load is over, the power generation function is automatically recovered, and the optimally-designed unit can maintain high-load operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of absorption refrigeration and heat pumps, and in particular to an absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit and process. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the absorption refrigeration unit uses low-grade waste heat to drive the thermal working medium and performs refrigeration through the phase change of the working medium (such as ammonia). The main equipment includes a generator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, an absorber 4, a solution pump 6, etc. Figure 2 As shown, the low-grade waste heat is used to heat the generator 1, and the mixed solution (referred to as rich liquid) with a certain concentration of refrigerant is delivered from the absorber 4 by the solution pump 6, so that most of the low-boiling refrigerant in the rich solution is desorbed and becomes a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which enters the condenser 2 and is cooled by the circulating water to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the first expansion valve 5, and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator 3, absorbs the heat of the medium (coolant) to be cooled and vaporizes into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the absorber 4. The high-pressure lean liquid remaining in the generator 1 after the generation process is decompressed into a low-pressure lean liquid through the pressure reducing valve 7, enters the absorber 4, and is mixed and absorbed with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the evaporator 3 to restore to the original concentration and become a room-temperature rich liquid. The room-temperature rich liquid is pressurized by the solution pump 6 and sent to the generator 1 to continue the circulation work. The circulating water is first used to cool the solution in the absorber 4 and then used to cool the condenser 2.

[0003] In winter or when the demand for cooling is not high, the unit often chooses to shut down or operate at low load, resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate of low-grade waste heat and the failure to maximize the economic benefits of the unit. In addition, in summer or when the demand for cooling is high, the heat exchange area of ​​an evaporator in the unit is often limited and the cooling capacity cannot meet the demand. If the maximum cooling condition is considered in the original design, the heat exchange area of ​​the evaporator can be enlarged to meet the maximum cooling demand. However, in actual production, the demand for maximum cooling is often not long, resulting in excess design margin and increased unit costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an absorption cogeneration unit and process to solve the problem raised in the above background technology that in winter or when the demand for cooling is not high, the unit often chooses to shut down or operate at low load, thereby reducing the utilization rate of low-grade waste heat and failing to maximize the economic benefits of the unit; and in summer or when the demand for cooling is high, the heat exchange area of ​​an evaporator in the unit is often limited and the cooling capacity cannot meet the demand.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an absorption type cogeneration unit, comprising: a generator, a condenser, an absorber, a first expansion valve, a solution pump and a pressure reducing valve, the absorption type cogeneration unit also comprising a cogeneration component; The cooling and power cogeneration component includes a first evaporator, a second evaporator and a turbine generator; The second evaporator uses the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser to absorb the heat from the heat source discharged from the generator, and uses the refrigerant that undergoes phase change under the action of the heat to drive the turbine generator to generate electricity. The second evaporator also uses the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser to absorb the heat of the external coolant. The first evaporator uses the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser to absorb the heat of the external coolant and the refrigerant after being used for power generation, so that the refrigerant after being used for power generation circulates to generate electricity.

[0006] Preferably, the cooling and power cogeneration component further includes a second expansion valve, a second switch valve, a third switch valve, a fourth switch valve, a third expansion valve and a first switch valve; Among them, the second evaporator is connected to the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser through the second expansion valve, the second evaporator is connected to the heat source outlet of the generator through the second switch valve, the refrigerant inlet of the second evaporator is connected to the third switch valve, the second evaporator is connected to the turbine generator through the fourth switch valve, the second evaporator is connected to the first evaporator through the third expansion valve, and the second evaporator is connected to the absorber through the first switch valve.

[0007] Preferably, the turbine generator is used to power the solution pump.

[0008] Preferably, the first evaporator, the second evaporator, the turbine generator, the second expansion valve, the second switch valve, the third switch valve, the fourth switch valve, the third expansion valve and the first switch valve are integrated into a composite cooling and power cogeneration device, the composite cooling and power cogeneration device comprises a shell and two pipe box barrel sections, a heat exchange tube connecting the two pipe box barrel sections is arranged in the shell, a first partition is arranged in the composite cooling and power cogeneration device, the first partition divides the inner cavity of the composite cooling and power cogeneration device into a second evaporation chamber and a first evaporation chamber isolated from each other, and the second evaporation chamber and the first evaporation chamber are both composed of a shell, a pipe box barrel section and a heat exchange tube; The shell of the second evaporation chamber is provided with a first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet, a first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet, and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet. The first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is respectively connected to the second expansion valve and the third expansion valve through a three-way pipe, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the fourth switch valve, and the first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the first switch valve. The two pipe box cylinder sections of the second evaporation chamber are respectively provided with a first inlet and a first outlet, and the first inlet is respectively connected to the second switch valve and the third switch valve through a three-way pipe; A second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet and a second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet are provided on the shell of the first evaporation chamber, a medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet and a coolant inlet are provided on one pipe-box cylinder section of the first evaporation chamber, a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet and a coolant outlet are provided on another pipe-box cylinder section of the first evaporation chamber, the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet is connected to the third expansion valve, and the medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet is connected to the air outlet of the turbine generator.

[0009] Preferably, a second partition is provided in each of the two tube box sections of the first evaporation chamber, and the second partition is used to separate the medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet from the refrigerant inlet, and the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet from the refrigerant outlet.

[0010] Preferably, both the first partition plate and the second partition plate are provided with a heat insulation layer.

[0011] Preferably, a spray assembly for communicating with the first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is provided in the second evaporation chamber, and a spray assembly for communicating with the second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is provided in the first evaporation chamber.

[0012] Preferably, an absorption cooling and power cogeneration process, using the above-mentioned absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit, comprises the following steps: When refrigeration and power generation are carried out simultaneously, the second switch valve, the fourth switch valve, the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, and the third expansion valve are opened, and the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser is divided into two paths. One path is reduced in pressure through the second expansion valve and enters the second evaporator. After absorbing the heat from the heat source from the generator, it is vaporized into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to drive the turbine generator to generate power. The used high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas, enters the first evaporator and absorbs heat, and then is reduced in pressure through the third expansion valve and enters the second evaporator again to circulate and generate power. After the power generation load is stable, the second expansion valve is closed, and the other path of high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure through the first expansion valve and enters the first evaporator. After absorbing the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas and the coolant, it enters the absorber and continues to work in a cycle. When the maximum cooling capacity is required, the second switch valve, the fourth switch valve, and the third expansion valve are closed, and the first switch valve, the third switch valve, the first expansion valve, and the second expansion valve are opened. The refrigerant is divided into two paths and enters the first evaporator and the second evaporator respectively. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser is divided into two paths and enters the first evaporator and the second evaporator after being reduced in pressure by the first expansion valve and the second expansion valve respectively. After absorbing the heat of the refrigerant, it enters the absorber and continues to work in a cycle. When there is no external cooling demand, the first switch valve and the third switch valve are closed, and the first expansion valve, the second expansion valve, the third expansion valve, the second switch valve, and the fourth switch valve are opened. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser is divided into two paths. One path is reduced in pressure through the second expansion valve and enters the second evaporator. After absorbing the heat from the heat source from the generator, it is vaporized into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to drive the turbine generator to generate electricity. The used high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas and enters the first evaporator. The other path of high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure through the first expansion valve and enters the first evaporator. After absorbing the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas, it enters the absorber and continues to circulate. After the heat absorbed by the medium-pressure exhaust gas, it is reduced in pressure through the third expansion valve and enters the second evaporator again to circulate and generate electricity. After the power generation load is stable, the second expansion valve is closed.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this application, the absorption refrigeration unit is optimized and designed so that it has the functions of refrigeration and power generation at the same time. In winter or when the demand for cooling is not high, it is still allowed to operate at a relatively high load, and the excess load is used to generate electricity, thereby solving the problem of reduced utilization of low-grade waste heat due to its low-load operation and maximizing the economic benefits of the unit; in summer or when the demand for cooling is high, the components of the unit originally designed for power generation are also allowed to perform cooling to meet the maximum cooling load. When the maximum cooling load time is over, the power generation function is automatically restored. The optimized unit can maintain high load operation, can adjust the operating conditions in time according to the cooling demand, meet the needs of the three operating conditions, and maximize the economic benefits of the unit; In this application, the heat source from the generator is reused for a second time, so the heat in the heat source is deeply recovered, and the utilization rate of energy is improved; In this application, part of the electricity generated by the turbine generator is used to drive the solution pump in the refrigeration unit, and the rest is incorporated into the power grid to provide electricity for other electrical equipment, thereby reducing the power consumption of the external power grid and saving energy and reducing emissions; In the present application, the combined cooling and power generation components in the unit are integrated into one device, which can reduce the cost of equipment and pipelines, greatly reduce the footprint of the unit, and facilitate the skid-mounting of the unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an absorption refrigeration unit in the prior art; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the composite cooling and power cogeneration device of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the EE surface structure; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the CC surface structure; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle DD surface structure; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the FF surface structure.

[0015] In the figure: 1, generator; 2, condenser; 3, evaporator; 4, absorber; 5, first expansion valve; 6, solution pump; 7, pressure reducing valve; 8, first evaporator; 9, second evaporator; 10, turbine generator; 11, second expansion valve; 12, second switch valve; 13, third switch valve; 14, fourth switch valve; 15, third expansion valve; 16, first switch valve; 17, shell; 171, second evaporation chamber; 172, first evaporation chamber; 18, pipe box cylinder section; 19. Heat exchange tube; 20. First partition; 21. Spray assembly; 22. Second partition; 23. First inlet; 24. Coolant inlet; 25. First low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet; 26. High-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet; 27. First low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet; 28. First outlet; 29. ​​Medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet; 30. Coolant outlet; 31. Second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet; 32. Second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet; 33. Medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example 1

[0018] See also Figure 1 An absorption cogeneration unit includes: a generator 1, a condenser 2, an absorber 4, a first expansion valve 5, a solution pump 6, a pressure reducing valve 7 and a cogeneration component.

[0019] See also Figure 1 The combined cooling and power generation component includes a first evaporator 8, a second evaporator 9, a turbine generator 10, a second expansion valve 11, a second switch valve 12, a third switch valve 13, a fourth switch valve 14, a third expansion valve 15 and a first switch valve 16; Among them, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the generator 1 is connected with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser 2, the lean liquid outlet of the generator 1 is connected with the lean liquid inlet of the absorber 4 through the pressure reducing valve 7, and the rich liquid inlet of the generator 1 is connected with the rich liquid outlet of the absorber 4 through the solution pump 6; the circulating water outlet of the absorber 4 is connected with the circulating water inlet of the condenser 2; the high-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 2 is connected with the low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the first evaporator 8 and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the second evaporator 9 through the first expansion valve 5 and the second expansion valve 11 respectively, and a three-way pipe is provided on the heat exchange medium inlet of the second evaporator 9, and the three-way pipe is connected with the second switch valve 12 and the third switch valve 13 respectively, and the second switch Valve 12 is connected to the heat source outlet of the generator 1, the third switch valve 13 is connected to the refrigerant supply equipment (such as the refrigerant delivery pipeline), the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the second evaporator 9 is connected to the turbine generator 10 through the fourth switch valve 14, the medium-pressure exhaust steam outlet of the turbine generator 10 is connected to the medium-pressure exhaust steam inlet of the first evaporator 8, the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet of the first evaporator 8 is connected to the low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the second evaporator 9 through the third expansion valve 15, the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the second evaporator 9 is connected to the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the absorber 4 through the first switch valve 16, and the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the first evaporator 8 is connected to the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the absorber 4.

[0020] An absorption cooling and power cogeneration process includes three modes, and the specific steps are as follows: The first method is that when refrigeration and power generation are carried out simultaneously (in winter or when the demand for cooling capacity is not high), the second switch valve 12, the fourth switch valve 14, the first expansion valve 5, the second expansion valve 11, and the third expansion valve 15 are opened, and the first switch valve 16 and the third switch valve 13 are in a closed state. The heat source enters the generator 1, and the rich liquid inside the generator 1 is analyzed into a lean liquid and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser 2 and exchanges heat with the circulating water to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths. One path is decompressed into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the second expansion valve 11, and enters the second evaporator 9. After absorbing the heat from the heat source coming out of the generator 1 (the used heat source in the generator 1 enters the second evaporator 9 through the second switch valve 12), it is vaporized into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the turbine generator 10 through the fourth switch valve 14 to drive the turbine generator 1. 0 works to generate electricity, and the used high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas, which is discharged from the turbine generator 10 and enters the first evaporator 8. Another high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the first expansion valve 5 and enters the first evaporator 8. A part of it is used to absorb the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas, and the other part is used to absorb the heat of the refrigerant transported from the outside, so that the refrigerant is cooled and the outside is cooled. After absorbing the heat, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the absorber 4 to continue the cycle (the lean liquid generated in the generator 1 enters the absorber 4 through the pressure reducing valve 7 and mixes with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant to form a rich liquid, which is transported to the generator 1 by the solution pump 6 for recycling). The medium-pressure exhaust gas is converted into medium-pressure liquid refrigerant after absorbing the heat, and is decompressed into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the third expansion valve 15 and enters the second evaporator 9 again to generate electricity in a cycle. After the power generation load is stable, the second expansion valve 11 is closed; The second type is that when there is a maximum cooling capacity demand (the unit does not generate electricity at this time), the second switch valve 12, the fourth switch valve 14, and the third expansion valve 15 are closed, and the first switch valve 16, the third switch valve 13, the first expansion valve 5, and the second expansion valve 11 are opened. The external refrigerant is divided into two paths, one of which enters the second evaporator 9 through the third switch valve 13, and the other enters the first evaporator 8. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths, which are respectively decompressed into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the first expansion valve 5 and the second expansion valve 11 and then enter the first evaporator 8 and the second evaporator 9. After absorbing the heat of the refrigerant, the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced to provide cooling for the outside world. After absorbing the heat, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the absorber 4 to continue the cycle (the working mode of the generator 1, the condenser 2 and the absorber 4 and other components refer to the steps in the first mode and are not described in detail here); The third type is that when there is no external cooling demand (at this time the unit is all used for power generation), the first switch valve 16 and the third switch valve 13 are closed, and the first expansion valve 5, the second expansion valve 11, the third expansion valve 15, the second switch valve 12, and the fourth switch valve 14 are opened. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths. One path is reduced in pressure through the second expansion valve 11 and enters the second evaporator 9. After absorbing the heat from the heat source of the generator 1, it is vaporized into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the turbine generator 10 through the fourth switch valve 14 to drive the turbine generator 10 to generate power. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes The medium-pressure exhaust gas enters the first evaporator 8, and the other high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed through the first expansion valve 5 and enters the first evaporator 8. After absorbing the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas, it enters the absorber 4 and continues to circulate. After the medium-pressure exhaust gas absorbs the heat, the medium-pressure exhaust gas becomes medium-pressure liquid refrigerant after absorbing the heat. After being decompressed into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the third expansion valve 15, it enters the second evaporator 9 again for cyclic power generation. After the power generation load stabilizes, the second expansion valve 11 is closed (the working mode of the generator 1, condenser 2, absorber 4 and other components refers to the steps in the first mode and is not described in detail here).

[0021] It should be noted that the absorption refrigeration unit is optimized to have the functions of both refrigeration and power generation. In winter or when the demand for cooling is not high, it is still allowed to operate at a relatively high load, and the excess load is used to generate electricity, thereby solving the problem of reduced utilization of low-grade waste heat due to its low-load operation and maximizing the economic benefits of the unit. In summer or when the demand for cooling is high, the components of the unit originally designed for power generation are also used for cooling to meet the maximum cooling load. When the maximum cooling load period is over, the power generation function is automatically restored.

[0022] In this embodiment, as a further optimized solution, please refer to Figure 1 A part of the electricity generated by the turbine generator 10 is used to drive the solution pump 6 in the refrigeration unit, and the rest is connected to the power grid to provide electricity for other electrical equipment, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0023] Example 2

[0024] As a further optimized solution of Example 1, please refer to Figure 3-Figure 7The first evaporator 8, the second evaporator 9, the turbine generator 10, the second expansion valve 11, the second switch valve 12, the third switch valve 13, the fourth switch valve 14, the third expansion valve 15 and the first switch valve 16 are integrated into a composite cogeneration device (i.e., the cogeneration components are integrated into one device). The composite cogeneration device includes a shell 17 and two tube box barrel sections 18. The two tube box barrel sections 18 are respectively installed at the two ends of the shell 17. A tube sheet is provided between the tube box barrel section 18 and the shell 17. A plurality of heat exchange tubes 19 are provided in the inner cavity of the shell 17. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes 19 pass through the two tube sheets respectively, so that the two tube box barrel sections 18 are connected. A first partition 20 is provided in the composite cogeneration device. The first partition 20 divides the inner cavity of the composite cogeneration device into a second evaporation chamber 171 and a first evaporation chamber 172 that are isolated from each other. The second evaporation chamber 171 and the first evaporation chamber 172 are both composed of the shell 17, the tube box barrel section 18 and the heat exchange tube 19. Among them, the shell 17 of the second evaporation chamber 171 is provided with a first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 27, a first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 25, and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 26. The first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 27 is respectively connected to the second expansion valve 11 and the third expansion valve 15 through a three-way pipe (the second expansion valve 11 is connected to the high-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser 2), the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 26 is connected to the fourth switch valve 14, the fourth switch valve 14 is connected to the turbine generator 10, the first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 25 is connected to the first switch valve 16 (the first switch valve 16 is connected to the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the absorber 4), and the two pipe box cylinder sections 18 of the second evaporation chamber 171 are respectively provided with a first inlet 23 and a first outlet 28, the first inlet 23 is respectively connected to the second switch valve 12 and the third switch valve 13 through a three-way pipe, the second switch valve 12 is connected to the heat source outlet of the generator 1, and the third switch valve 13 is connected to the coolant supply equipment (such as the coolant delivery pipeline); A second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 31 and a second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 32 ​​are provided on the shell 17 of the first evaporation chamber 172 (the second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 31 is communicated with the first expansion valve 5, and the second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 32 ​​is communicated with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the absorber 4), a medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet 33 and a coolant inlet 24 are provided on one tube box barrel section 18 of the first evaporation chamber 172, a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet 29 and a coolant outlet 30 are provided on another tube box barrel section 18 of the first evaporation chamber 172, the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet 29 is communicated with the third expansion valve 15, and the medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet 33 is communicated with the gas outlet of the turbine generator 10; A second partition 22 is provided in each of the two tube box barrel sections 18 of the first evaporation chamber 172. The second partition 22 is used to separate the medium-pressure exhaust gas inlet 33 from the refrigerant inlet 24, and the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet 29 from the refrigerant outlet 30, so that the medium-pressure exhaust gas and the refrigerant will not mix together when entering the interior of the tube box barrel section 18.

[0025] In this embodiment, as a further optimized solution, please refer to Figure 3-7 The first partition 20 and the second partition 22 are both coated with an insulating layer; a spray assembly 21 for communicating with the first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 27 is provided in the second evaporation chamber 171, and a spray assembly 21 for communicating with the second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 31 is provided in the first evaporation chamber 172, and the spray assembly 21 includes a pipeline and a nozzle installed on the pipeline.

[0026] It should be noted that when the combined cooling and power generation components are integrated into one device, the working mode of an absorption combined cooling and power generation unit also includes three modes. The specific steps are as follows: The first method is that when refrigeration and power generation are carried out simultaneously (in winter or when the demand for cooling capacity is not high), the second switch valve 12, the fourth switch valve 14, the first expansion valve 5, the second expansion valve 11, and the third expansion valve 15 are opened, and the first switch valve 16 and the third switch valve 13 are in the closed state. The heat source enters the generator 1, and the rich liquid inside the generator 1 is analyzed into lean liquid and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser 2 and exchanges heat with the circulating water to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths. One path is reduced in pressure by the second expansion valve 11 to become a low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the first low-pressure liquid refrigerant is discharged from the condenser 2. The used high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the second evaporation chamber 171 through the second switch valve 12 and the first inlet 23, and then is sprayed onto the surface of the heat exchange tube 19 from the spray assembly 21. After absorbing the heat from the heat source of the generator 1 (the used heat source in the generator 1 enters the heat exchange tube 19 of the second evaporation chamber 171 through the second switch valve 12 and the first inlet 23), it is vaporized into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then is discharged from the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 26, and enters the turbine generator 10 through the fourth switch valve 14 to drive the turbine generator 10 to generate power. The used high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas, which is discharged from the turbine generator 10 and passes through the medium-pressure exhaust gas inlet 33. In the heat exchange tube 19 entering the first evaporation chamber 172, another high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the first expansion valve 5, enters the first evaporation chamber 172 from the second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 31, and is then sprayed onto the surface of the heat exchange tube 19 by the spray assembly 21. A part of it is used to absorb the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas, and the other part is used to absorb the heat of the refrigerant transported from the outside (the refrigerant enters the heat exchange tube 19 of the first evaporation chamber 172 through the refrigerant inlet 24), so that the refrigerant is cooled. The cooled refrigerant is discharged from the refrigerant outlet 30 to provide cooling for the outside. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and becomes a low-pressure gas. The gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 32, and then enters the absorber 4 to continue the circulation work (the lean liquid generated in the generator 1 enters the absorber 4 through the pressure reducing valve 7 and mixes with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant to form a rich liquid, and the rich liquid is transported to the generator 1 by the solution pump 6 for recycling), the medium-pressure exhausted gas is converted into medium-pressure liquid refrigerant after absorbing heat and is discharged from the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet 29, and after being reduced in pressure to become a low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the third expansion valve 15, it passes through the first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 27 and enters the second evaporation chamber 171 again for cyclic power generation. After the power generation load is stable, the second expansion valve 11 is closed; The second method is that when the maximum cooling capacity is required (the unit does not generate electricity at this time), the second switch valve 12, the fourth switch valve 14, and the third expansion valve 15 are closed, and the first switch valve 16, the third switch valve 13, the first expansion valve 5, and the second expansion valve 11 are opened. The external refrigerant is divided into two paths, one path passes through the third switch valve 13 and enters the heat exchange tube 19 of the second evaporation chamber 171 from the first inlet 23, and the other path passes through the refrigerant inlet 24 and enters the heat exchange tube 19 of the first evaporation chamber 172. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths, which are respectively reduced in pressure into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the first expansion valve 5 and the second expansion valve 11 and then enter the first evaporation chamber 172 (the low-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 31 and is then sprayed to the first evaporation chamber 172 through the spray assembly 21). The surface of the heat exchange tube 19), the second evaporation chamber 171 (the low-pressure liquid refrigerant passes through the first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet 27, and then is sprayed onto the surface of the heat exchange tube 19 through the spray assembly 21), and is used to absorb the heat of the coolant to reduce the temperature of the coolant and provide cooling for the outside (the coolant is discharged from the coolant outlet 30 in one way and from the first outlet 28 in another way), and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat and becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the absorber 4 (the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant is discharged from the first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 25 in one way and from the second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 32 ​​in another way), and continues to work in a cycle (the working mode of the generator 1, the condenser 2 and the absorber 4 and other components refers to the steps in the first mode of this embodiment, and is not described in detail here); The third type is that when there is no external cooling demand (at this time, the unit is all used for power generation), the first switch valve 16 and the third switch valve 13 are closed, and the first expansion valve 5, the second expansion valve 11, the third expansion valve 15, the second switch valve 12, and the fourth switch valve 14 are opened. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser 2 is divided into two paths. One path is reduced in pressure through the second expansion valve 11 and enters the second evaporation chamber 171. After absorbing the heat from the heat source of the generator 1, it is vaporized into a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the turbine generator 10 through the fourth switch valve 14 to drive the turbine generator 10 to generate power. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant after use becomes a medium-pressure exhausted gas and enters the first evaporation chamber 1 In 72, another path of high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed through the first expansion valve 5 and enters the first evaporation chamber 172, absorbs the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas and then enters the absorber 4 to continue the circulation work. After the medium-pressure exhaust gas is heated, the medium-pressure exhaust gas is converted into medium-pressure liquid refrigerant after absorbing the heat. After being decompressed into low-pressure liquid refrigerant through the third expansion valve 15, it enters the second evaporation chamber 171 again to circulate and generate electricity. After the power generation load is stable, the second expansion valve 11 is closed (for the detailed flow method, please refer to the process of the first mode in this implementation, and the working methods of the generator 1, condenser 2, absorber 4 and other components refer to the steps in the first mode, which are not described in detail here).

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit, comprising: A generator (1), a condenser (2), an absorber (4), a first expansion valve (5), a solution pump (6) and a pressure reducing valve (7), characterized in that: the absorption type combined cooling and power generation unit also includes a combined cooling and power generation component; The cooling and power cogeneration component comprises a first evaporator (8), a second evaporator (9) and a turbine generator (10); The second evaporator (9) uses the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser (2) to absorb the heat of the heat source discharged from the generator (1), and uses the refrigerant that undergoes a phase change under the action of the heat to drive the turbine generator (10) to generate electricity. The second evaporator (9) also uses the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser (2) to absorb the heat of the external coolant. The first evaporator (8) uses the liquid refrigerant discharged from the condenser (2) to absorb the heat of the external coolant and the refrigerant after use for power generation, so that the refrigerant after use for power generation circulates to generate electricity.

2. The absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling and power cogeneration component further comprises a second expansion valve (11), a second switch valve (12), a third switch valve (13), a fourth switch valve (14), a third expansion valve (15) and a first switch valve (16); The second evaporator (9) is connected to the liquid refrigerant outlet of the condenser (2) through the second expansion valve (11), the second evaporator (9) is connected to the heat source outlet of the generator (1) through the second switch valve (12), the refrigerant inlet of the second evaporator (9) is connected to the third switch valve (13), the second evaporator (9) is connected to the turbine generator (10) through the fourth switch valve (14), the second evaporator (9) is connected to the first evaporator (8) through the third expansion valve (15), and the second evaporator (9) is connected to the absorber (4) through the first switch valve (16).

3. The absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbine generator (10) is used to supply power to the solution pump (6).

4. The absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first evaporator (8), the second evaporator (9), the turbine generator (10), the second expansion valve (11), the second switch valve (12), the third switch valve (13), the fourth switch valve (14), the third expansion valve (15) and the first switch valve (16) are integrated into a composite cooling and power cogeneration device, the composite cooling and power cogeneration device comprising a shell (17) and two pipe box barrel sections (18), the shell (17) being provided with a heat exchange tube (19) communicating with the two pipe box barrel sections (18), the composite cooling and power cogeneration device being provided with a first partition (20), the first partition (20) dividing the inner cavity of the composite cooling and power cogeneration device into a second evaporation chamber (171) and a first evaporation chamber (172) which are isolated from each other, the second evaporation chamber (171) and the first evaporation chamber (172) both being composed of a shell (17), a pipe box barrel section (18) and a heat exchange tube (19); The shell (17) of the second evaporation chamber (171) is provided with a first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet (27), a first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (25), and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (26); the first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet (27) is communicated with the second expansion valve (11) and the third expansion valve (15) respectively through a three-way pipe; the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (26) is communicated with the fourth switch valve (14); the first low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (25) is communicated with the first switch valve (16); the two pipe box cylinder sections (18) of the second evaporation chamber (171) are provided with a first inlet (23) and a first outlet (28) respectively; the first inlet (23) is communicated with the second switch valve (12) and the third switch valve (13) respectively through a three-way pipe; A second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet (31) and a second low-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (32) are provided on the shell (17) of the first evaporation chamber (172); a medium-pressure exhaust gas inlet (33) and a coolant inlet (24) are provided on one tube box barrel section (18) of the first evaporation chamber (172); a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet (29) and a coolant outlet (30) are provided on another tube box barrel section (18) of the first evaporation chamber (172); the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet (29) is connected to the third expansion valve (15); and the medium-pressure exhaust gas inlet (33) is connected to the gas outlet of the turbine generator (10).

5. The absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second partition plate (22) is provided in each of the two tube box barrel sections (18) of the first evaporation chamber (172), and the second partition plate (22) is used to separate the medium-pressure exhausted gas inlet (33) from the coolant inlet (24), and the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet (29) from the coolant outlet (30).

6. The absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: A heat insulation layer is provided on both the first partition plate (20) and the second partition plate (22).

7. The absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: A spray assembly (21) for communicating with a first low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet (27) is provided in the second evaporation chamber (171), and a spray assembly (21) for communicating with a second low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet (31) is provided in the first evaporation chamber (172).

8. An absorption cooling and power cogeneration process, using an absorption cooling and power cogeneration unit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When refrigeration and power generation are performed simultaneously, the second switch valve (12), the fourth switch valve (14), the first expansion valve (5), the second expansion valve (11), and the third expansion valve (15) are opened, and the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser (2) is divided into two paths. One path is decompressed through the second expansion valve (11) and enters the second evaporator (9). After absorbing the heat from the heat source from the generator (1), it is vaporized into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to drive the turbine generator (10) to generate power. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant after use becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas, enters the first evaporator (8), absorbs heat, and is decompressed through the third expansion valve (15) and enters the second evaporator (9) again to circulate power generation. After the power generation load is stabilized, the second expansion valve (11) is closed, and the other path of high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed through the first expansion valve (5) and enters the first evaporator (8). After absorbing the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas and the refrigerant, it enters the absorber (4) and continues to work in a cycle. When the maximum cooling capacity is required, the second switch valve (12), the fourth switch valve (14), and the third expansion valve (15) are closed, and the first switch valve (16), the third switch valve (13), the first expansion valve (5), and the second expansion valve (11) are opened. The refrigerant is divided into two paths and enters the first evaporator (8) and the second evaporator (9) respectively. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser (2) is divided into two paths and enters the first evaporator (8) and the second evaporator (9) after being decompressed by the first expansion valve (5) and the second expansion valve (11). After absorbing the heat of the refrigerant, the refrigerant enters the absorber (4) and continues the cycle. When there is no external cooling demand, the first switch valve (16) and the third switch valve (13) are closed, and the first expansion valve (5), the second expansion valve (11), the third expansion valve (15), the second switch valve (12), and the fourth switch valve (14) are opened. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the condenser (2) is divided into two paths. One path is decompressed through the second expansion valve (11) and enters the second evaporator (9). After absorbing the heat from the heat source from the generator (1), it is vaporized into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to drive the turbine generator (10) to generate power. The used high-pressure gaseous refrigerant becomes medium-pressure exhaust gas and enters the first evaporator (8). The other path of high-pressure liquid refrigerant is decompressed through the first expansion valve (5) and enters the first evaporator (8). After absorbing the heat of the medium-pressure exhaust gas, it enters the absorber (4) and continues to work in a cycle. After the heat absorbed by the medium-pressure exhaust gas, the medium-pressure exhaust gas is decompressed through the third expansion valve (15) and enters the second evaporator (9) again to generate power in a cycle. After the power generation load is stabilized, the second expansion valve (11) is closed.

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