Fixed source carbon emission monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for monitoring carbon emission of a fixed source. The method comprises the following steps: collecting carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow velocity and flue gas basic data in a flue to be detected; filtering based on the flue gas flow velocity to obtain an actual flow velocity value; obtaining corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas basic data; performing time scale alignment based on the parameter response time to obtain a corresponding parameter response time difference; based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow velocity value, the flue gas basic data and the parameter response time difference, the flue gas carbon dioxide emission is obtained. The flue gas flow velocity is accurately acquired, different response time of each data source is avoided, and the carbon emission monitoring accuracy is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide monitoring, and more particularly to a method and system for monitoring carbon emissions from fixed sources. Background Art

[0002] At present, power generation enterprises are the direct source of carbon emissions in the power industry and the source of carbon trading data in the power industry. Real-time and accurate measurement of carbon emissions on the power generation side is the basic guarantee for the smooth implementation of carbon emission rights trading. The emission factor method is simple to calculate, mature and complete, and is currently the most widely used carbon emission accounting method, but it is greatly interfered by human factors, and the calculated carbon emissions are not reliable. The online monitoring method is favored for its advantages such as simple measurement, efficient data collection and less human interference. The data required for flue carbon emission monitoring of power generation enterprises include concentration, flow rate, temperature, humidity, pressure, etc.

[0003] However, the flow rate parameters are disturbed by the noise in the environment, such as electromagnetic interference, power supply interference, and the noise of the sensor itself, which will cause deviations in the carbon emission measurement of the terminal monitoring equipment. In addition, since the flow rate, temperature, and pressure in the flue are measured in situ, while the concentration and humidity are mostly measured by extraction, the sampling points in the flue are often tens of meters or even hundreds of meters high. The flue gas will pass through the sampling pipeline from the sampling point to the machine control room on the ground. Before gas analysis, the flue gas must be pre-processed. The time scales of the two are inconsistent during calculation. Without considering the data measurement error, the calculated CO2 emissions will also cause large errors due to time inconsistency.

[0004] Therefore, how to accurately obtain the flue gas flow rate, avoid different response times of various data sources, and thus improve the accuracy of carbon emission monitoring is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and system for monitoring carbon emissions from fixed sources, which can achieve accurate acquisition of flue gas flow rate and avoid different response times of various data sources, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon emissions monitoring.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources, comprising:

[0008] Collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be tested;

[0009] Filtering is performed based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain an actual flow rate value;

[0010] Obtaining a corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas basic data;

[0011] Performing time scale alignment based on the parameter response time to obtain a corresponding parameter response time difference;

[0012] The flue gas carbon dioxide emission is obtained based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow rate value, the flue gas basic data and the parameter response time difference.

[0013] Preferably, the basic flue gas data include: flue gas static pressure, flue gas temperature and flue gas humidity.

[0014] Preferably, obtaining the actual value of the flow velocity specifically includes:

[0015] Kalman filtering is performed based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain the actual value of the flow rate

[0016] in, represents the prior state estimate at time k, K k represents the filter gain matrix, z k represents the flue gas velocity, K p Indicates the correction factor.

[0017] Preferably, the filter gain matrix K k Specifically:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, P k-1 represents the posterior estimation covariance at time k-1, Q represents the process excitation noise covariance, and R represents the measurement noise covariance.

[0020] Preferably, the carbon dioxide concentration and the flue gas humidity are both measured by an extraction method to obtain corresponding concentration response time and humidity response time.

[0021] Preferably, the extraction method is specifically:

[0022] Based on the first preset sampling flow rate, a corresponding zero-point gas is introduced into the sampling port until the corresponding sensor monitoring value is 0;

[0023] Based on the first preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding range calibration gas is introduced and timing is started until the corresponding sensor monitoring data changes, and the corresponding time is recorded as the corresponding transmission time T1;

[0024] Continue timing until the corresponding sensor monitoring data rises to the first preset proportion of the range calibration gas, and record the corresponding time as the measurement time T2;

[0025] A sum of the transmission time T1 and the measurement time T2 is used as a corresponding preliminary response time;

[0026] Repeat the preset number of times to obtain a plurality of the corresponding preliminary response times and take an average value as the corresponding final response time: concentration response time and humidity response time.

[0027] Preferably, the flue gas flow rate, the flue gas temperature and the flue gas humidity are all measured in situ at the flue outlet, and the flow rate response time, temperature response time and humidity response time are obtained accordingly:

[0028] Based on the second preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding zero-point gas is introduced into the flue port until the corresponding sensor monitoring value is 0;

[0029] Based on the second preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding range calibration gas is introduced and timing is started until the corresponding sensor monitoring data rises to a second preset proportion of the range calibration gas, and the corresponding time is recorded as the corresponding preliminary response time;

[0030] Repeat the preset number of times to obtain a plurality of the corresponding preliminary response times and take an average value as the corresponding final response time: flow rate response time, temperature response time and humidity response time.

[0031] Preferably, obtaining the corresponding parameter response time difference specifically includes:

[0032] Selecting a maximum value as a reference response time based on the concentration response time, the flow rate response time, the static pressure response time, the temperature response time, and the humidity response time;

[0033] Based on the difference between the concentration response time, the flow rate response time, the static pressure response time, the temperature response time and the humidity response time and the benchmark response time, corresponding concentration response time difference, flow rate response time difference, static pressure response time difference, temperature response time difference and humidity response time difference are obtained.

[0034] Preferably, obtaining the flue gas carbon dioxide emission specifically includes:

[0035] Based on the actual value of the flow rate, the wet flue gas volume flow Q under standard conditions is obtained. S ;

[0036] Based on the wet flue gas volume flow Q under the standard condition S , the carbon dioxide concentration, the basic flue gas data and the parameter response time difference to obtain the flue gas carbon dioxide emission W:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, t represents the current actual time, t1 represents the flow rate response time difference, t s represents the flue gas temperature, t2 represents the temperature response time difference, B a Indicates atmospheric pressure, P s represents the flue gas static pressure, t3 represents the pressure response time difference, X SW represents smoke humidity, t4 represents humidity response time difference, C d represents the carbon dioxide concentration, and t5 represents the concentration response time difference.

[0039] A fixed source carbon emission monitoring system, comprising: a data acquisition module, a filtering module, a response time acquisition module, a time scale alignment module and a result output module;

[0040] The data acquisition module is used to collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be detected;

[0041] The filtering module is used to filter based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain an actual flow rate value;

[0042] The response time acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas basic data;

[0043] The time scale alignment module is used to perform time scale alignment based on the parameter response time to obtain a corresponding parameter response time difference;

[0044] The result output module is used to obtain flue gas carbon dioxide emissions based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow rate value, the flue gas basic data and the parameter response time difference.

[0045] It can be seen from the above technical solution that, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a fixed source carbon emissions monitoring method and system, which can accurately obtain the actual value of the flue gas flow rate according to the flow data filtering algorithm, and correct the response time difference of each parameter by aligning the time scale of the response time of each parameter, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon dioxide emissions calculation, assisting in carbon accounting, and contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1A flow chart of a method for monitoring carbon emissions from fixed sources provided by the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 A flow chart of an extraction method is provided for the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a fixed source carbon emission monitoring system.

[0050] Figure 4 The present invention provides a structural schematic diagram of a fixed source carbon emission monitoring terminal.

[0051] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a computer device is provided for the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for monitoring carbon emissions from fixed sources, comprising:

[0055] Collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be tested;

[0056] Filtering is performed based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain the actual flow rate value;

[0057] Obtain corresponding parameter response time based on carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data;

[0058] Perform time scale alignment based on parameter response time to obtain the corresponding parameter response time difference;

[0059] The flue gas carbon dioxide emissions are obtained based on the carbon dioxide concentration, actual flow rate, basic flue gas data and parameter response time difference.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources, comprising:

[0062] Collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be tested:

[0063] Preferably, the basic flue gas data include: flue gas static pressure, flue gas temperature and flue gas humidity.

[0064] Preferably, the present embodiment uses a concentration sensor, a flow rate sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor to correspondingly collect the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate, the flue gas static pressure, the flue gas temperature and the flue gas humidity in the flue to be detected.

[0065] Filter based on the flue gas flow rate to get the actual value of the flow rate:

[0066] Preferably, since the flue gas flow rate is affected by the environment, the following method is used for filtering:

[0067]

[0068] in, represents the prior state estimate at time k, A represents the state transfer matrix, represents the posterior state estimate at time k-1 (the actual flow velocity at time k-1), B represents the matrix converted from input to state, u k-1 represents the control matrix at time k-1; w k-1 represents the noise of the prediction process;

[0069]

[0070] in, represents the prior estimated covariance at time k ( covariance), P k-1 represents the posterior estimated covariance at time k-1 ( covariance), Q represents the process excitation noise covariance;

[0071]

[0072] Where H represents the transformation matrix from state variables to measurements, and R represents the measurement noise covariance;

[0073]

[0074] in, represents the posterior state estimate at time k (actual flow velocity at time k), z k Indicates the measured value of the flow sensor, i.e., the flue gas flow rate;

[0075]

[0076] Among them, P k represents the posterior estimated covariance at time k ( covariance), I represents the identity matrix.

[0077] Since the flow velocity of the flue gas in power plants is often measured using a Pitot tube, each Pitot tube has its own correction factor K. p , so for the transfer matrix H = K in the transfer equation of Kalman filtering p , and the measured values ​​are all one-dimensional variables, A = 1, B = 0, simplifying the Kalman filter formula:

[0078] Preferably, obtaining the actual value of the flow velocity specifically includes:

[0079] Perform Kalman filtering based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain the actual flow rate value

[0080]

[0081] in, represents the prior state estimate at time k, K k represents the filter gain matrix, z k represents the flue gas velocity, K p Indicates the correction factor.

[0082] Preferably, the filter gain matrix K k Specifically:

[0083]

[0084] Among them, P k-1 represents the posterior estimation covariance at time k-1, Q represents the process excitation noise covariance, and R represents the measurement noise covariance.

[0085] Preferably, the noise w in the prediction process is ignored k-1 ,get

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Preferably, a good filtering effect is achieved by adjusting the values ​​of Q and R to minimize the interference of noise on the flue gas flow rate data. After the flue gas flow rate data is filtered by the above-mentioned Kalman filtering method, it is used as the original flow rate data below for the next step of time dimension alignment processing.

[0089] Based on the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data, the corresponding parameter response time is obtained:

[0090] Preferably, the carbon dioxide concentration and the smoke humidity are both measured by an extraction method to obtain corresponding concentration response time and humidity response time.

[0091] Preferably, the extraction method is to introduce the flue gas through a pipeline to the location of the analyzer for flue gas analysis.

[0092] Preferably, Figure 2 As shown, the extraction method is specifically:

[0093] Based on the first preset sampling flow rate, a corresponding zero-point gas is introduced into the sampling port until the corresponding sensor monitoring value is 0;

[0094] Based on the first preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding range calibration gas is introduced and timing is started until the corresponding sensor monitoring data changes, and the corresponding time is recorded as the corresponding transmission time T1;

[0095] Continue timing until the corresponding sensor monitoring data rises to the first preset ratio of the range calibration gas, and record the corresponding time as the measurement time T2;

[0096] Based on the sum of the transmission time T1 and the measurement time T2 as the corresponding preliminary response time;

[0097] Repeat the preset number of times to obtain multiple corresponding preliminary response times and take the average value as the corresponding final response time: concentration response time and humidity response time.

[0098] Preferably, the zero point gas refers to a gas that has been strictly purified and does not contain target pollutants. It is used to calibrate the zero point of the gas detection instrument to ensure that the instrument's readings are accurate and reliable.

[0099] Preferably, the calibration gas represents the concentration value or humidity value that needs to be calibrated. For example, if the concentration sensor is set to calibrate a concentration of 20%, a calibration gas with a concentration of 20% is introduced into the measuring port.

[0100] Preferably, the transition refers to a change from 0 to a value.

[0101] Preferably, T1 represents the pipeline transmission time from the sampling probe to the concentration sensor or humidity sensor; T2 represents the time from when the gas reaches the concentration sensor or humidity sensor to when the concentration sensor or humidity sensor measures a true value.

[0102] Preferably, the flue gas flow rate, flue gas temperature and flue gas humidity are all measured in situ at the flue outlet, and the flow rate response time, temperature response time and humidity response time are obtained accordingly:

[0103] Based on the second preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding zero-point gas is introduced into the flue port until the corresponding sensor monitoring value is 0;

[0104] Based on the second preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding range calibration gas is introduced and timing is started until the corresponding sensor monitoring data rises to the second preset proportion of the range calibration gas, and the corresponding time is recorded as the corresponding preliminary response time;

[0105] Repeat the preset number of times to obtain multiple corresponding preliminary response times and take the average value as the corresponding final response time: flow rate response time, temperature response time and humidity response time.

[0106] Preferably, in this embodiment, the first preset ratio and the second preset ratio are both set to 90%, and the preset number of times is set to 3 times.

[0107] Based on the parameter response time, the time scale is aligned to obtain the corresponding parameter response time difference:

[0108] Preferably, obtaining the corresponding parameter response time difference specifically includes:

[0109] Based on the concentration response time, flow rate response time, static pressure response time, temperature response time and humidity response time, a maximum value is selected as a benchmark response time;

[0110] Based on the difference between the concentration response time, flow rate response time, static pressure response time, temperature response time and humidity response time and the benchmark response time, the corresponding concentration response time difference t5, flow rate response time difference t1, static pressure response time difference t3, temperature response time difference t2 and humidity response time difference t4 are obtained.

[0111] The flue gas carbon dioxide emissions are obtained based on the carbon dioxide concentration, actual flow rate, basic flue gas data and parameter response time difference.

[0112] Preferably, obtaining flue gas carbon dioxide emissions specifically includes:

[0113] Based on the actual value of the flow rate, the wet flue gas volume flow rate Q under standard conditions is obtained S ;

[0114] Based on the wet flue gas volume flow Q under standard conditions S , carbon dioxide concentration, basic flue gas data and parameter response time difference to obtain flue gas carbon dioxide emissions W:

[0115]

[0116] Where t represents the current actual time; t1 represents the flow rate response time difference; t s represents the flue gas temperature, °C; t2 represents the temperature response time difference, B a Indicates atmospheric pressure, Pa; P s represents the flue gas static pressure, Pa; t3 represents the pressure response time difference, X SWIndicates smoke humidity, %; t4 indicates humidity response time difference, C d Indicates carbon dioxide concentration, g / m 3 ; t5 represents the concentration response time difference.

[0117] Preferably, the wet flue gas volume flow Q under standard conditions is obtained based on the actual value of the flow rate S :

[0118]

[0119] Wherein, S represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the flue to be inspected.

[0120] Preferably, the traditional carbon dioxide emission calculation formula is:

[0121]

[0122] C m =C d ×Q Sn ×10 -6

[0123] Among them, Q Sn Indicates the dry flue gas volume flow rate under standard conditions, m 3 / min,C m Indicates the flue gas carbon dioxide emission intensity, t / min.

[0124] Example 3

[0125] like Figure 3 As shown, a fixed source carbon emission monitoring system includes: a data acquisition module, a filtering module, a response time acquisition module, a time scale alignment module and a result output module;

[0126] A data acquisition module is used to collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be tested;

[0127] A filtering module, used for filtering based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain an actual flow rate value;

[0128] A response time acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data;

[0129] A time scale alignment module is used to perform time scale alignment based on parameter response time to obtain the corresponding parameter response time difference;

[0130] The result output module is used to obtain the flue gas carbon dioxide emissions based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow rate value, the basic flue gas data and the parameter response time difference.

[0131] Example 4

[0132] like Figure 4 As shown, a fixed source carbon emission monitoring terminal includes: an analog acquisition module, an electrical isolation module, a central processing module, a signal distributor, a monitoring sensor, a wireless communication module and a power management module;

[0133] The monitoring sensor, the signal distributor, the electrical isolation module, the analog acquisition module, the central processing module and the wireless communication module are connected in sequence;

[0134] The power management module is respectively connected with the central processing module, the wireless communication module, the analog acquisition module and the electrical isolation module;

[0135] Monitoring sensor, used to collect carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be tested;

[0136] A signal distributor, used for receiving the collected sensor data and sending it to the analog acquisition module;

[0137] The analog acquisition module is used to collect the analog data sorted by the signal distributor and send it to the central processing module;

[0138] The electrical isolation module is between the specific connected line and the analog acquisition module to protect the normal operation of the internal processor system;

[0139] A central processing module is used to receive the collected sensor simulation data, filter based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain the actual flow rate value, obtain the corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the basic flue gas data, align the time scale based on the parameter response time to obtain the corresponding parameter response time difference, and obtain the flue gas carbon dioxide emission based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow rate value, the basic flue gas data and the parameter response time difference;

[0140] The wireless communication module exchanges information with the central processing module through a serial bus and is used to transmit information with the outside world;

[0141] The power manager provides stable power to each device.

[0142] Preferably, the central processing module uses STM32F429AH6 as a processing chip, and the central processing module connects each analog acquisition module through a synchronous bus, provides a synchronous control signal, and ensures that the connected analog acquisition module performs data acquisition synchronously. At the same time, the information interaction interface of each analog acquisition module is connected with a CAN bus, so that the connected several analog acquisition modules can upload the data collected by themselves to the central processing module in an orderly manner.

[0143] Preferably, the local storage function of the central processing module locally saves data once when the fixed source carbon emission online monitoring terminal uploads data to the main station through the wireless communication module, so as to facilitate subsequent data verification.

[0144] Preferably, the central processing module is provided with a human-computer interaction interface, and the human-computer interaction interface provides the operator with a configuration method for each acquisition port, including the acquisition content of each port (temperature, concentration, humidity, static pressure and flow rate and other parameters), response time (parameters required for response time difference calculation), physical range (range corresponding to the parameter), analog range (the original signal range collected by the analog acquisition module, the voltage signal can be 0-5V, 0-10V, and the current signal can be 4-20mA);

[0145] Preferably, the analog acquisition module is STM32F103VET6, which can be divided into a voltage acquisition module and a current acquisition module according to the type of the acquired signal.

[0146] Preferably, the wireless communication module contains an ESAM encryption chip FM15160508-03, and when wireless information is transmitted with the outside world, the information is encrypted and then uploaded.

[0147] Example 5

[0148] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, including a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus;

[0149] Memory, used to store computer programs;

[0150] The processor, when used to execute the program stored in the memory, can implement a method for monitoring carbon emissions from fixed sources as in Example 1 or 2.

[0151] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 41, a communication interface 42, a memory 43 and a communication bus 44, wherein the processor 41, the communication interface 42 and the memory 43 communicate with each other via the communication bus 44. The processor 41 may call the logic instructions in the memory 43 to execute a method for monitoring carbon emissions from a fixed source in Embodiment 1 or 2.

[0152] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 43 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of the present invention.

[0153] The aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0154] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention discloses a method and system for monitoring carbon emissions from fixed sources. According to the flow data filtering algorithm, the actual value of the flue gas flow rate can be accurately obtained, and by aligning the time scales of the response times of various parameters, the response time differences of various parameters are corrected, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon dioxide emission calculations, assisting in carbon accounting, and contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction optimization.

[0155] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0156] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources, characterized in that: include: Collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be tested; Filtering is performed based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain an actual flow rate value; Obtaining a corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas basic data; Performing time scale alignment based on the parameter response time to obtain a corresponding parameter response time difference; The flue gas carbon dioxide emission is obtained based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow rate value, the flue gas basic data and the parameter response time difference.

2. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic flue gas data include: flue gas static pressure, flue gas temperature and flue gas humidity.

3. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining the actual value of the flow velocity specifically includes: Kalman filtering is performed based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain the actual value of the flow rate in, represents the prior state estimate at time k, K k represents the filter gain matrix, z k represents the flue gas velocity, K p Indicates the correction factor.

4. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filter gain matrix K k Specifically: Among them, P k-1 represents the posterior estimation covariance at time k-1, Q represents the process excitation noise covariance, and R represents the measurement noise covariance.

5. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide concentration and the smoke humidity are both measured by an extraction method to obtain corresponding concentration response time and humidity response time.

6. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 5, characterized in that: The extraction method is specifically as follows: Based on the first preset sampling flow rate, a corresponding zero-point gas is introduced into the sampling port until the corresponding sensor monitoring value is 0; Based on the first preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding range calibration gas is introduced and timing is started until the corresponding sensor monitoring data changes, and the corresponding time is recorded as the corresponding transmission time T1; Continue timing until the corresponding sensor monitoring data rises to the first preset proportion of the range calibration gas, and record the corresponding time as the measurement time T2; A sum of the transmission time T1 and the measurement time T2 is used as a corresponding preliminary response time; Repeat the preset number of times to obtain a plurality of the corresponding preliminary response times and take an average value as the corresponding final response time: concentration response time and humidity response time.

7. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 6, characterized in that: The flue gas flow rate, the flue gas temperature and the flue gas humidity are all measured in situ at the flue outlet, and the flow rate response time, temperature response time and humidity response time are obtained accordingly: Based on the second preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding zero-point gas is introduced into the flue port until the corresponding sensor monitoring value is 0; Based on the second preset sampling flow rate, the corresponding range calibration gas is introduced and timing is started until the corresponding sensor monitoring data rises to a second preset proportion of the range calibration gas, and the corresponding time is recorded as the corresponding preliminary response time; Repeat the preset number of times to obtain a plurality of the corresponding preliminary response times and take an average value as the corresponding final response time: flow rate response time, temperature response time and humidity response time.

8. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 7, characterized in that: Get the corresponding parameter response time difference, including: Selecting a maximum value as a reference response time based on the concentration response time, the flow rate response time, the static pressure response time, the temperature response time, and the humidity response time; Based on the difference between the concentration response time, the flow rate response time, the static pressure response time, the temperature response time and the humidity response time and the benchmark response time, corresponding concentration response time difference, flow rate response time difference, static pressure response time difference, temperature response time difference and humidity response time difference are obtained.

9. A method for monitoring carbon emissions from stationary sources according to claim 8, characterized in that: Obtaining the flue gas carbon dioxide emission specifically includes: Based on the actual value of the flow rate, the wet flue gas volume flow Q under standard conditions is obtained. S ; Based on the wet flue gas volume flow Q under the standard condition S , the carbon dioxide concentration, the basic flue gas data and the parameter response time difference to obtain the flue gas carbon dioxide emission W: Among them, t represents the current actual time, t1 represents the flow rate response time difference, t s represents the flue gas temperature, t2 represents the temperature response time difference, B a Indicates atmospheric pressure, P s represents the flue gas static pressure, t3 represents the pressure response time difference, X SW represents smoke humidity, t4 represents humidity response time difference, C d represents the carbon dioxide concentration, and t5 represents the concentration response time difference.

10. A fixed source carbon emission monitoring system, applied to a fixed source carbon emission monitoring method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, filtering module, response time acquisition module, time scale alignment module and result output module; The data acquisition module is used to collect the carbon dioxide concentration, flue gas flow rate and basic flue gas data in the flue to be detected; The filtering module is used to filter based on the flue gas flow rate to obtain an actual flow rate value; The response time acquisition module is used to obtain the corresponding parameter response time based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the flue gas flow rate and the flue gas basic data; The time scale alignment module is used to perform time scale alignment based on the parameter response time to obtain a corresponding parameter response time difference; The result output module is used to obtain flue gas carbon dioxide emissions based on the carbon dioxide concentration, the actual flow rate value, the flue gas basic data and the parameter response time difference.

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