On-line automatic detection system for hardness of heel end of special-shaped rail

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped rail heel end hardness online automatic detection system, which belongs to the technical field of turnout rail processing, and comprises a rail top polishing system arranged on a special-shaped rail blanking frame, a surface hardness detection system and a transverse movement assembly, the rail top grinding system comprises a grinding platform, a grinding lifting seat and a grinding piece arranged on the grinding lifting seat, the grinding platform is provided with a grinding lifting driving piece used for driving the grinding lifting seat to ascend and descend, and the grinding piece is used for grinding a to-be-detected area of the special-shaped rail; the surface hardness detection system comprises a detection platform, a detection lifting seat and a hardness detection piece arranged on the detection lifting seat, and a detection lifting driving piece for driving the detection lifting seat to lift is arranged on the detection platform; and the transverse moving assembly is used for driving the grinding platform and / or the detection platform to move, so that the grinding piece and / or the hardness detection piece are / is moved above the point to be detected. The device is high in automation degree, and the hardness of the heel end of the special-shaped rail can be detected on line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turnout track processing, in particular to an online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of a special-shaped rail. Background Art

[0002] The heel ends of turnout point rails, heart rails, etc. need to be hot-die forged to form asymmetric cross-section rails into symmetrical cross-section rails so that they can be connected to the line. The performance of the original material will be significantly lost during the hot-die forging process. In order to restore the performance of the heel end after forging, the industry currently generally adopts the method of reheating after forging + air jet cooling to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties such as the hardness of the heel end. This method has high production efficiency and fast pace, and can realize automated operation process. However, after the heel end is re-heat treated, it is necessary to manually hang the heat-treated steel rail profiled heel end from the unloading rack and place it on the ground according to standard technical requirements, and then manually grind each rail at different parts of the top of the heel end rail and use a Leeb hardness tester to perform surface hardness testing. The detection efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high. The grinding quality depends on the skill level and sense of responsibility of the personnel, and the detection quality is unstable.

[0003] Patent CN117990538A discloses a hardness detection system and hardness detection method, which uses a manipulator to grab a small test piece and place it on the test platform of a desktop hardness machine through a feeding mechanism for hardness detection, and then grabs and unloads the material through the feeding mechanism. The system method can realize automatic hardness detection of the test sample without manual related operations, greatly improving the hardness detection efficiency and shortening the detection cycle, but this method is only suitable for hardness detection of small test pieces in the laboratory, and the detection position is fixed. Another patent CN116735395A discloses a mechanical parts heat treatment hardness detection system and detection method, which drives the mechanical parts to rotate and move through the loading assembly. During the rotation process, the detection mechanism will perform surface hardness detection on the mechanical parts that reach the specified position, and the acquisition module will perform image acquisition on the hardness detection parts. The storage module is responsible for image storage, and the comparison module is responsible for comparing the information of the two. The advantages of this system and method are that it can continuously perform hardness detection on multiple mechanical parts at the same time, which improves the efficiency of hardness detection. At the same time, it has a structure for automatic detection of circular indentations, which improves the accuracy of measurement. However, this system and method are not suitable for online surface hardness testing of long and special-shaped rail parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides an online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of a special-shaped rail, so as to solve the technical problem that it is difficult to perform online hardness detection on special-shaped rails.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of a profiled rail, comprising a rail top grinding system, a surface hardness detection system and a lateral movement component for being arranged on a material rack for the profiled rail;

[0006] The rail top grinding system comprises a grinding platform, a grinding lifting seat and a grinding piece arranged on the grinding lifting seat, wherein a grinding lifting driving piece for driving the grinding lifting seat to rise and fall is arranged on the grinding platform, and the grinding piece is used for grinding the area to be inspected of the special-shaped rail;

[0007] The surface hardness testing system comprises a testing platform, a testing lifting seat and a hardness testing member arranged on the testing lifting seat, wherein the testing platform is provided with a testing lifting driving member for driving the testing lifting seat to rise and fall;

[0008] The lateral movement assembly is used to drive the grinding platform and / or the detection platform to move, so that the grinding piece and / or the hardness detection piece moves above the point to be detected.

[0009] Optionally, the lateral movement assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic rod. The hydraulic pump is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder and connected to the hydraulic rod through a hydraulic oil pipe. The hydraulic rod includes a first-stage hydraulic rod and a second-stage hydraulic rod. The cylinder body of the first-stage hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the unloading rack, the cylinder body of the second-stage hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the first-stage hydraulic rod, the grinding platform is connected to the telescopic rod of one end of the hydraulic rod, and the detection platform is connected to the telescopic rod of the second-stage hydraulic rod.

[0010] Optionally, both the polishing platform and the inspection platform are provided with supporting members for supporting the special-shaped rail.

[0011] Optionally, the supporting member includes a movable supporting seat and a supporting lifting driving member for driving the movable supporting seat to rise and fall, and the movable supporting platform moves laterally synchronously with the polishing platform or the detection platform.

[0012] Optionally, the supporting lifting drive component includes a supporting lifting motor and a supporting lifting screw that are transmission-connected, and the supporting lifting screw is threadably matched with the movable support platform.

[0013] Optionally, while the rail top grinding system is driven by a first hydraulic rod to move to a next position for grinding, the surface hardness detection system is driven by a first hydraulic rod and a second hydraulic rod to move laterally to the grinding end position of the original rail top grinding system.

[0014] Optionally, a dust collector for absorbing grinding dust is provided on the grinding platform.

[0015] Optionally, a polishing translation drive component for driving the polishing piece to move laterally is provided on the polishing lifting seat, and the polishing translation drive component includes a polishing translation motor and a polishing translation screw which are transmission-connected, the polishing translation screw is laterally arranged and rotationally cooperates with the polishing lifting platform, and the polishing piece is threadedly cooperated with the polishing translation screw.

[0016] Optionally, the hardness detection component includes a hardness detection screw, a hardness detection control motor, an integrated sleeve, a leaf spring and a ball. The hardness detection screw rotates when driven by the hardness detection control motor so that the integrated sleeve moves slightly downward along the hardness detection screw and then contacts the detection surface. At the same time, the leaf spring is powered off and extends downward to touch the button to release the ball, so that the ball falls and hits the detection surface and then rebounds to complete the hardness detection. The rebound height of the ball is converted into a hardness value after the data is transmitted by the hardness detection data sensor line to complete the detection.

[0017] Optionally, the online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of the special-shaped rail also includes an integrated control industrial PLC system, and the data obtained from the hardness detection part detection is transmitted to the integrated control industrial PLC system to realize printing, storage and query.

[0018] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0019] 1. The surface hardness testing process has a high degree of automation, which can significantly reduce the labor intensity and difficulty of testing, and can realize online testing of the hardness of the heel end of special-shaped rails.

[0020] 2. The grinding process is more standardized and unified, the grinding depth can be precisely controlled, and online surface grinding and hardness testing of long and large rods can be realized. The human influence factor is small, and the surface hardness test data fluctuates less.

[0021] 3. Hardness test data can be stored, queried and statistically backed up in real time, which is more conducive to eliminating backward testing technologies and means and promoting equipment technology upgrades.

[0022] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a front view of the online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of the special-shaped rail of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a top view of the online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of the special-shaped rail of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the online automatic detection system for the heel end hardness of the special-shaped rail of the present invention.

[0027] Legend:

[0028] 1. Side stop of unloading rack; 2. One-stage hydraulic rod; 3. Control grinding motor; 4. Dust collector; 5. Hardness detection screw; 6. Control hardness detection motor; 7. Grinding screw sleeve one; 8. Grinding screw sleeve two; 9. Grinding translation screw; 10. Leaf spring; 11. Hardness detection data sensor line; 13. Hardness detection part; 14. Special-shaped rail heel end; 15. Mobile support seat; 16. Grinding part; 18. Hydraulic cylinder; 19. Hydraulic oil pipe; 20. Grinding lifting motor; 21. Two-stage hydraulic rod; 22. Grinding lifting screw; 23. Hardness detection lifting motor; 24. Grinding translation motor; 25. Vertical U-shaped groove; 26. Detection lifting seat; 27. Support lifting screw 4; 28. Support lifting motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0030] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.

[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses an online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of a special-shaped rail.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , an online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of a special-shaped rail, comprising a rail top grinding system, a surface hardness detection system and a lateral movement component for being arranged on a material rack of the special-shaped rail; the rail top grinding system comprises a grinding platform, a grinding lifting seat and a grinding piece arranged on the grinding lifting seat, a grinding lifting driving piece for driving the grinding lifting seat to rise and fall is arranged on the grinding platform, and the grinding piece is used to grind a to-be-detected area of ​​the special-shaped rail; the surface hardness detection system comprises a detection platform, a detection lifting seat and a hardness detection piece arranged on the detection lifting seat, and a detection lifting driving piece for driving the detection lifting seat to rise and fall is arranged on the detection platform; the lateral movement component is used to drive the grinding platform and / or the detection platform to move, so that the grinding piece and / or the hardness detection piece moves above the to-be-detected point.

[0033] The grinding lifting drive includes a grinding lifting motor and a grinding lifting screw.

[0034] By integrating the grinding and hardness testing systems, online hardness testing of special-shaped rail heels can be achieved, improving the testing efficiency of the production line, avoiding the tedious operations and inefficiencies of manual testing in traditional methods, and reducing labor intensity; secondly, the grinding system and hardness testing system can be accurately positioned above the testing point by moving the components laterally, so that grinding and hardness testing of different positions on the rail top surface can be carried out on demand, greatly improving the flexibility and accuracy of testing, ensuring a comprehensive testing range and stable data; in addition, the grinding process has a high degree of automation, and the grinding depth can be precisely controlled, ensuring the flatness of the testing surface, reducing human intervention, ensuring the accuracy of hardness testing, and enabling online measurement of the hardness of the rail heel end.

[0035] The lateral moving assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic rod. The hydraulic pump is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic rod through a hydraulic oil pipe. The hydraulic rod includes a first-stage hydraulic rod and a second-stage hydraulic rod. The cylinder body of the first-stage hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the unloading rack, the cylinder body of the second-stage hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the first-stage hydraulic rod, the grinding platform is connected to the telescopic rod of one end of the hydraulic rod, and the detection platform is connected to the telescopic rod of the second-stage hydraulic rod. Specifically, the hydraulic cylinder of the pressure system is fixed on one side of the side guard of the unloading rack. The combination of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic rod realizes the precise positioning and stable operation of each component in the system: the hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic pump provide powerful power for the entire system, so that the platform moves smoothly and quickly, and can accurately control the moving distance of the grinding and detection platforms; the hydraulic rod structure divided into one section and two sections can realize the independent drive and movement of the grinding platform and the detection platform through the telescopic cooperation of the first-stage hydraulic rod and the second-stage hydraulic rod, so that the two platforms can reach different positions according to the detection needs, respectively, and ensure the order and efficiency of grinding and hardness detection.

[0036] Both the grinding platform and the testing platform are provided with supporting parts for supporting the special-shaped rail. The supporting parts include a mobile support seat and a supporting lifting drive member for driving the mobile support seat to rise and fall. The mobile support platform moves laterally synchronously with the grinding platform or the testing platform. The supporting parts provide stable support for the special-shaped rail during the grinding and testing process, fix the special-shaped rail in a suitable position, prevent the rail from moving or tilting due to gravity or other external forces, and ensure the accuracy of grinding and hardness testing; secondly, the supporting parts can move synchronously with the movement of the grinding platform or the testing platform, ensure that the special-shaped rail is always well supported at different testing positions, avoid shaking of the rail during movement, and ensure the smooth progress of the entire grinding and testing process. In addition, the height of the support can be adjusted to accommodate special-shaped rails of different sizes, shapes and lengths, allowing the system to flexibly respond to a variety of testing needs and ensure that the area to be ground or tested is always in a suitable working position; at the same time, the use of supports helps to accurately control the grinding depth and the position of hardness testing. With stable support, the grinding and testing devices can contact the top surface of the rail more accurately, thereby achieving high-precision processing and testing of hardness and surface flatness.

[0037] The supporting lifting drive member includes a supporting lifting motor and a supporting lifting screw connected by transmission, and the supporting lifting screw is threadedly matched with the mobile support platform. The supporting lifting motor is connected to the supporting lifting screw through a transmission mechanism, and the supporting lifting motor is responsible for providing power, and the supporting lifting screw is driven to rotate axially by the rotation of the motor; the supporting lifting screw is threadedly matched with the mobile support platform, so that the rotation of the screw can drive the mobile support platform to lift; this threaded connection method can convert the rotational motion of the motor into the linear lifting motion of the mobile support platform. During the specific installation process, the supporting lifting motor is usually fixedly installed on the support platform or bracket to ensure its stable position, and the supporting lifting screw and the motor are fixed by a coupling or direct transmission connection to ensure that the screw can accurately perform lifting and lowering motion according to the rotation of the motor; at the same time, the threaded match between the supporting lifting screw and the mobile support platform must be smooth and tight, ensuring that the mobile support platform can rise or fall smoothly under the drive of the supporting lifting motor, so that the height of the platform can be flexibly adjusted to support special-shaped rails of different sizes and shapes.

[0038] While the rail top grinding system is driven by a hydraulic rod to move to the next position for grinding, the surface hardness detection system is driven by a hydraulic rod and a second hydraulic rod to move horizontally to the grinding end position of the original rail top grinding system. This design realizes the synchronous operation of grinding and hardness detection, that is, when the grinding system completes the grinding of a position, the detection system immediately moves to the grinding end position to start detection, which greatly reduces the waiting time during the grinding and detection process, realizes continuous, assembly line operation, and improves the overall detection efficiency; secondly, since the movement trajectory design of the two systems does not interfere with each other, the hardness detection system follows up to the grinding completion area while the grinding system moves to the next position for operation, ensuring seamless connection between detection and grinding, reducing repeated positioning and adjustment time, ensuring smooth production rhythm, and realizing a continuous, efficient and accurate online detection process for grinding and hardness detection.

[0039] The grinding platform is equipped with a dust collector for absorbing grinding dust. The dust collector can effectively reduce the metal dust and particles generated during the grinding process and prevent the accumulation of these dusts in the workshop, thereby significantly improving the air quality, reducing the dust concentration in the air, and protecting the respiratory health of operators. Secondly, the dust collector prevents dust from accumulating on the surface of the equipment, reduces the wear and poor lubrication of mechanical parts, extends the service life of the equipment, and reduces the maintenance frequency and cost. In addition, keeping the grinding area clean helps ensure the standardization and consistency of the grinding process, and prevents dust from affecting the grinding depth and the flatness of the test surface, thereby improving the accuracy of hardness testing and the consistency of data.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The polishing lifting seat is provided with a polishing translation drive member for driving the polishing part to move laterally. The polishing translation drive member includes a polishing translation motor and a polishing translation lead screw connected by transmission. The polishing translation lead screw is arranged horizontally and cooperates with the rotation of the polishing lifting platform. The polishing part cooperates with the polishing translation lead screw thread. The polishing lifting seat is provided with a polishing lead screw sleeve 1 and a polishing lead screw sleeve 2 that cooperate with the polishing translation lead screw. The polishing translation drive member is composed of a polishing translation motor and a polishing translation lead screw connected by transmission. The polishing translation lead screw is arranged horizontally and cooperates with the rotation of the polishing lifting platform. The polishing part cooperates with the thread of the polishing translation lead screw to achieve smooth and controllable movement of the polishing part in the lateral direction. The polishing part includes a control polishing motor and a polishing head connected to the control polishing motor. This design allows the system to automatically adjust the position of the polishing part according to the detection requirements, ensuring that each point to be detected can be polished evenly and accurately, improving the overall polishing quality and detection accuracy. At the same time, the automated control of the grinding translation drive reduces manual intervention, improves operational efficiency and production speed, and reduces the possibility of human error. In addition, the threaded fit between the lead screw and the grinding part provides good power transmission and stability, allowing the grinding part to remain stable during movement, avoiding vibration and offset, thereby ensuring the repeatability of grinding depth and position.

[0041] The hardness detection part includes a hardness detection screw, a control hardness detection motor, an integrated sleeve, a leaf spring and a ball. The hardness detection screw rotates under the drive of the control hardness detection motor, so that the integrated sleeve moves slightly downward along the hardness detection screw and contacts the detection surface. At the same time, the leaf spring is powered off and extends downward to touch the button to release the ball, so that the ball falls and hits the detection surface and then rebounds and falls to complete the hardness detection. The rebound height of the ball is converted into a hardness value after the data is transmitted by the hardness detection data sensor line to complete the detection. The control hardness detection motor drives the hardness detection screw to rotate, so that the integrated sleeve moves slightly downward along the screw and contacts the surface to be detected, ensuring that the detection head can be accurately positioned and apply appropriate pressure. When the system is powered off, the leaf spring will extend downward, touch the button to release the ball, and make it fall and impact the detection surface. The falling and rebounding process of the ball is measured by the hardness detection data sensor line. This height is converted into a specific hardness value, thereby completing the hardness detection. The whole process has a high degree of automation, which reduces manual intervention and improves the repeatability and accuracy of the detection.

[0042] The online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of the special-shaped rail also includes an integrated control industrial PLC system. The data obtained from the hardness test piece is transmitted to the integrated control industrial PLC system for printing, storage and query. As the core control unit of the entire detection system, the PLC system can receive and process the data obtained by the hardness test piece in real time to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the data. By transmitting the detected hardness value to the PLC system, the system can realize automatic printing and output, which is convenient for operators to obtain the test results immediately, and conduct on-site monitoring and recording. In addition, the PLC system has a powerful data storage function, which can store a large amount of test data in the database in an orderly manner, which is convenient for subsequent query and analysis. This not only improves the efficiency of data management, but also ensures the integrity and traceability of the data, providing a reliable basis for quality control and production optimization.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of special-shaped rails, characterized by: It includes a rail top grinding system, a surface hardness detection system and a lateral movement component for setting on the material rack of the special-shaped rail; The rail top grinding system comprises a grinding platform, a grinding lifting seat and a grinding piece arranged on the grinding lifting seat, wherein a grinding lifting driving piece for driving the grinding lifting seat to rise and fall is arranged on the grinding platform, and the grinding piece is used for grinding the area to be inspected of the special-shaped rail; The surface hardness detection system includes a detection platform, a detection lifting seat, and a hardness detection piece arranged on the detection lifting seat. The detection platform is provided with a detection lifting driving piece for driving the detection lifting seat to rise and fall; the lateral movement component is used to drive the grinding platform and / or the detection platform to move, so that the grinding piece and / or the hardness detection piece moves above the point to be detected.

2. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 1 is characterized by: The lateral movement assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic rod. The hydraulic pump is arranged in the hydraulic cylinder and is connected to the hydraulic rod through a hydraulic oil pipe. The hydraulic rod includes a first-stage hydraulic rod and a second-stage hydraulic rod. The cylinder body of the first-stage hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the unloading rack, the cylinder body of the second-stage hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod of the first-stage hydraulic rod, the grinding platform is connected to the telescopic rod of one end of the hydraulic rod, and the detection platform is connected to the telescopic rod of the second-stage hydraulic rod.

3. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 2 is characterized by: The polishing platform and the detection platform are both provided with supporting parts for supporting the special-shaped rail.

4. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 3 is characterized by: The supporting member comprises a movable supporting seat and a supporting lifting driving member for driving the movable supporting seat to lift and lower. The movable supporting platform moves laterally synchronously with the grinding platform or the detection platform.

5. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 4 is characterized by: The supporting lifting drive member comprises a supporting lifting motor and a supporting lifting lead screw which are transmission-connected, and the supporting lifting lead screw is threadably matched with the movable supporting platform.

6. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 5 is characterized by: When the rail top grinding system moves to the next position for grinding under the drive of the first hydraulic rod, the surface hardness detection system moves laterally to the grinding end position of the original rail top grinding system under the drive of the first hydraulic rod and the second hydraulic rod.

7. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 6 is characterized by: The grinding platform is provided with a dust collector for absorbing grinding dust.

8. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 7 is characterized by: The polishing lifting seat is provided with a polishing translation driving member for driving the polishing piece to move laterally, the polishing translation driving member includes a polishing translation motor and a polishing translation lead screw which are transmission-connected, the polishing translation lead screw is laterally arranged and rotationally cooperates with the polishing lifting platform, and the polishing piece is threadedly cooperated with the polishing translation lead screw.

9. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hardness detection component includes a hardness detection screw, a control hardness detection motor, an integrated shaft sleeve, a leaf spring and a ball. The hardness detection screw rotates under the drive of the control hardness detection motor so that the integrated shaft sleeve moves slightly downward along the hardness detection screw and then contacts the detection surface. At the same time, the leaf spring is powered off and extends downward to touch the button to release the ball, so that the ball falls and hits the detection surface and then rebounds to complete the hardness detection. The rebound height of the ball is converted into a hardness value after the data is transmitted by the hardness detection data sensor line to complete the detection.

10. The online automatic detection system for the heel-end hardness of the special-shaped rail according to claim 9, characterized in that: The online automatic detection system for the hardness of the heel end of the special-shaped rail also includes an industrial PLC system with integrated control. The data obtained from the hardness detection part detection is transmitted to the industrial PLC system with integrated control to realize printing, storage and query.

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