Photovoltaic module wiring device and photovoltaic system

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic module wiring device and a photovoltaic system, and relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and the photovoltaic module wiring device comprises a wiring box and a plurality of battery packs. Wherein each battery pack is composed of one or more battery pieces. The junction box comprises an input module, a processing module and a wiring module, one end of the input module is connected with the battery packs, the other end of the input module is connected with the processing module and the wiring module, and the wiring module is further connected with the processing module. And the processing module is used for collecting the working data of the plurality of battery packs through the input module, generating a battery pack connection scheme according to the received application scene information and the working data of the plurality of battery packs, and controlling the wiring module to connect the plurality of battery packs according to the battery pack connection scheme. When the application scene information and / or the working data of the plurality of battery packs are / is changed, the processing module can automatically adjust the battery pack connection scheme, so that the photovoltaic module meets different application requirements in a distributed scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic component wiring device and a photovoltaic system. Background Art

[0002] The power generation part of the photovoltaic module is composed of multiple solar cells. The junction box connects the multiple solar cells in a fixed series, parallel or series-parallel combination to form a complete circuit and output electrical energy to the outside.

[0003] When current photovoltaic modules leave the factory, the connection relationship between multiple battery cells is fixed by the junction box, and the connection relationship between multiple battery cells cannot be changed according to different application scenarios of the photovoltaic modules. As a result, the photovoltaic modules cannot meet diverse power supply needs in distributed scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic module wiring device and a photovoltaic system so that the photovoltaic modules can meet the diverse application requirements in distributed scenarios.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: In one aspect, the present application provides a photovoltaic module wiring device, the photovoltaic module wiring device comprising a junction box and a plurality of battery packs; wherein each of the battery packs is composed of one or more battery cells; The junction box comprises an input module, a processing module and a wiring module, one end of the input module is connected to the plurality of battery packs, the other end of the input module is respectively connected to the processing module and the wiring module, and the wiring module is also connected to the processing module; The processing module is used to collect the working data of the multiple battery packs through the input module, and generate a battery pack connection plan based on the received application scenario information and the working data of the multiple battery packs, and control the wiring module to connect the multiple battery packs according to the battery pack connection plan.

[0006] Furthermore, the input module includes a plurality of groups of access terminals equal to the number of battery packs, and a group of the access terminals is connected to a group of lead-out terminals of a battery pack; Each group of the access terminals includes a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal, and each group of the lead-out terminals includes a positive lead-out terminal and a negative lead-out terminal; the positive access terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack through the positive lead-out terminal, and the negative access terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the negative lead-out terminal.

[0007] Furthermore, the wiring module includes a plurality of wiring units equal in number to the battery pack, one end of each wiring unit is connected to a group of access terminals, and the other end of each wiring unit is connected to the next group of access terminals; The wiring unit comprises a first switch and a single-pole double-throw switch, one end of the first switch and a fixed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals, the other end of the first switch is respectively connected to a first contact of the single-pole double-throw switch and a positive access terminal in a next group of access terminals, and a second contact of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to a negative access terminal in the next group of access terminals; The first switch and the single-pole double-throw switch in each of the wiring units are used to close or open according to the connection scheme generated by the processing module.

[0008] Furthermore, the wiring unit further comprises a second switch, one end of the second switch is connected to a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals, and the other end of the second switch is connected to a fixed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch; When the working data of the battery pack is abnormal, the battery pack with the abnormal working data is regarded as an abnormal battery pack, and the second switch corresponding to the abnormal battery pack is disconnected.

[0009] Furthermore, the wiring unit further comprises a third switch, and two ends of the third switch are respectively connected to a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals; When the application scenario information is an ice and snow environment, and the working data of the battery pack is abnormal, the battery pack with the abnormal working data is regarded as an abnormal battery pack, and the third switch corresponding to the abnormal battery pack is closed.

[0010] Further, the processing module includes a data acquisition unit and a processor, the input end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the plurality of access terminals, and the output end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the input end of the processor; The data collection unit is used to collect working data of the plurality of battery packs through the plurality of access terminals, and the processor is used to determine whether the battery pack is in an abnormal state according to the working data of the plurality of battery packs.

[0011] Furthermore, a group of lead-out terminals are led out from the back of a battery pack, the input module is located on the back of multiple battery packs, and the input module is a flat structure; the input module is provided with multiple through holes, the shapes and positions of the multiple through holes correspond one-to-one to the shapes and positions of multiple groups of lead-out terminals, the lead-out terminals are embedded in the through holes, and are connected to the access terminals.

[0012] Furthermore, a conductive metal sheet is provided on the inner wall of the through hole, a slit is provided on the side of the conductive metal sheet, the lead terminal is embedded in the slit and adheres to the conductive metal sheet, and is connected to the access terminal. Further, the plurality of battery packs include a plurality of first battery packs and a plurality of second battery packs; The first battery group is composed of a first battery cell, and the second battery group is composed of multiple second battery cells; wherein the first battery cell is a battery cell in a photovoltaic module that is easily blocked, and the second battery cell is a battery cell in a photovoltaic module that is not easily blocked.

[0013] On the other hand, the present application further provides a photovoltaic system, which includes the photovoltaic component wiring device as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a photovoltaic module wiring device and a photovoltaic system. The photovoltaic module wiring device includes: a junction box and multiple battery packs. Each battery pack is composed of one or more battery cells. The junction box includes an input module, a processing module and a wiring module. One end of the input module is connected to the multiple battery packs, and the other end of the input module is respectively connected to the processing module and the wiring module, and the wiring module is also connected to the processing module. The processing module is used to collect the working data of the multiple battery packs through the input module, and generate a battery pack connection plan according to the received application scenario information and the working data of the multiple battery packs, and control the wiring module to connect the multiple battery packs according to the battery pack connection plan.

[0015] When the application scenario information and / or the working data of multiple battery packs change, the processing module can automatically adjust the battery pack connection plan to ensure that the wiring module can flexibly connect multiple battery packs and realize arbitrary series and parallel connections between multiple battery packs, so that the photovoltaic components can meet different application requirements in distributed scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians of the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0017] Figure 1 One of the structural schematic diagrams of a photovoltaic module wiring device provided in this application; Figure 2 One of the structural schematic diagrams of a wiring module provided in this application; Figure 3 The second structural diagram of a wiring module provided in this application; Figure 4 The second structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module wiring device provided in this application; Figure 5 The third structural diagram of a wiring module provided in this application; Figure 6 A fourth structural diagram of a wiring module provided in this application; Figure 7 This is the fifth structural schematic diagram of a wiring module provided in this application.

[0018] Figure numerals: 10 - photovoltaic module wiring device; 100 - junction box; 110 - input module; 120 - processing module; 130 - wiring module; 131 - wiring unit; 1311 - first switch; 1312 - single-pole double-throw switch; 1313 - second switch; 1314 - third switch; 200 - battery pack; 210 - first battery pack; 220 - second battery pack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, some embodiments of the present application are described in detail below. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0021] As mentioned in the background art, when current photovoltaic modules are shipped out of the factory, the series-parallel relationship between multiple cells is already fixed.

[0022] Although the series connection can significantly increase the output voltage, the total voltage of the series circuit depends on the sum of all the cells. If one of the cells fails (such as being blocked, performance degradation, etc.), the voltage of the entire series circuit will be affected. For example, in a string of series cells, if one cell is blocked by leaves, the voltage generated by it drops significantly, then the total voltage of the string of cells will be reduced according to the voltage of this "short board" cell, thus affecting the output power of the entire system.

[0023] Furthermore, since the series circuit is a continuous current path, once an open circuit fault occurs in a cell (such as a break in the internal electrode of the cell), the entire series circuit will be interrupted, causing the entire battery string to stop generating electricity. In this case, a small fault may lead to a large range of power generation losses, which has a great impact on the reliability of the system.

[0024] Parallel connection can increase the current output and has better fault tolerance. However, the voltage of parallel cells is equal to the voltage of a single cell. This means that if high voltage output is required, it cannot be achieved by simply relying on parallel connection, and other voltage conversion devices (such as DC-DC boost converters) are also required. For example, for some inverters that require high voltage input, the voltage requirements cannot be met by simply connecting cells in parallel, which increases the complexity and cost of the system.

[0025] It can be seen that series connection and parallel connection have their own advantages and disadvantages. Different connection methods are needed for different application scenarios to meet diverse power supply needs. However, the connection method between multiple cells in photovoltaic modules is currently fixed, which makes photovoltaic modules unable to meet diverse power supply needs in distributed scenarios.

[0026] In view of this, please refer to Figure 1 The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic module wiring device 10, including a junction box 100 and a plurality of battery packs 200. Each battery pack 200 is composed of one or more battery cells in the photovoltaic module.

[0027] The junction box 100 includes an input module 110, a processing module 120 and a junction module 130. One end of the input module 110 is connected to a plurality of battery packs 200, and the other end of the input module 110 is respectively connected to the processing module 120 and the junction module 130, and the junction module 130 is also connected to the processing module 120.

[0028] The processing module 120 is used to collect the working data of multiple battery packs through the input module 110, and generate a battery pack connection plan according to the received application scenario information and the working data of multiple battery packs, and control the wiring module 130 to connect multiple battery packs 200 according to the battery pack connection plan.

[0029] Based on the above design, according to actual needs, one cell in the photovoltaic module can be used as a battery group 200, or multiple cells can be connected in series and / or in parallel to form a battery group 200, thereby obtaining multiple battery groups 200. Multiple battery groups 200 are connected to the junction box 100 through the input module 110, and the processing module 120 can read the working data of multiple battery groups through the input module 110, and the processing module 120 can also receive application scenario information sent from the outside, and the processing module 120 generates a battery group connection plan based on the application scenario information and the working data of multiple battery groups. When the application scenario information and / or the working data of multiple battery groups change, the processing module 120 can automatically adjust the battery group connection plan to ensure that the wiring module 130 can flexibly connect multiple battery groups 200, so that the photovoltaic module can meet different application requirements in distributed scenarios.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, the junction box 100 further includes an output module. The output module is connected to the junction module 130, and the output module is used to output the electric energy generated by the multiple battery packs 200 after being connected through the junction module 130 to the outside. Optionally, the output module can be one output bus or multiple output buses to meet different application requirements in distributed component scenarios.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the input module 110 includes a plurality of groups of input terminals, the number of which is equal to the number of the battery packs 200 , and a group of input terminals is connected to a group of lead-out terminals of a battery pack 200 .

[0032] Each group of input terminals includes a positive input terminal and a negative input terminal, and each group of lead terminals includes a positive lead terminal and a negative lead terminal. The input terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 200 through the positive lead terminal, and the negative input terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack 200 through the negative lead terminal.

[0033] It should be noted that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a battery pack 200 are led out as a positive lead terminal and a negative lead terminal respectively, and the positive lead terminal and the negative lead terminal of the same battery pack 200 are regarded as a group of lead terminals.

[0034] In an alternative embodiment, see Figure 2 The wiring module 130 includes a plurality of wiring units 131, the number of which is equal to the number of the battery pack 200. One end of each wiring unit 131 is connected to a group of access terminals, and the other end of each wiring unit 131 is connected to the next group of access terminals.

[0035] The wiring unit 131 includes a first switch 1311 and a single-pole double-throw switch 1312. One end of the first switch 1311 and a fixed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 are respectively connected to a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals, the other end of the first switch 1311 is respectively connected to a first contact 1 of the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 and a positive access terminal in the next group of access terminals, and a second contact 2 of the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 is connected to a negative access terminal in the next group of access terminals.

[0036] The first switch 1311 and the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 in each wiring unit 131 are used to close or open according to the connection scheme generated by the processing module 120, so as to realize arbitrary series and parallel connection between multiple battery packs 200.

[0037] To better understand the connection relationship between the first switch 1311, the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 and the battery pack 200, please refer to Figure 3 Assuming that the photovoltaic assembly wiring device 10 includes three battery groups, the input module 110 includes three groups of access terminals, and the wiring module 130 includes three wiring units 131 .

[0038] The positive electrode of battery pack A is connected to the positive access terminal A+ in the first group of access terminals through the positive lead-out terminal, and the negative electrode of battery pack A is connected to the negative access terminal A- in the first group of access terminals through the negative lead-out terminal.

[0039] Similarly, the positive and negative electrodes of battery pack B are respectively connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the negative access terminal B- in the second group of access terminals, and the positive and negative electrodes of battery pack C are respectively connected to the positive access terminal C+ and the negative access terminal C- in the third group of access terminals.

[0040] In the first wiring unit, the first switch One end and a single-pole double-throw switch The fixed contacts of the first switch are respectively connected to the positive access terminal A+ and the negative access terminal A- in the first set of access terminals. The other end of the single-pole double-throw switch The first contact A1 of the second group of access terminals is connected to the positive access terminal B+, a single-pole double-throw switch The second contact A2 is connected to the negative input terminal B- in the second group of input terminals.

[0041] In the second wiring unit, the first switch One end and a single-pole double-throw switch The fixed contacts of the first switch are respectively connected to the positive access terminal B+ and the negative access terminal B- in the second set of access terminals. The other end of the single-pole double-throw switch The first contact B1 and the positive access terminal C+ in the third set of access terminals are connected, and the single-pole double-throw switch The second contact B2 is connected to the negative input terminal C- in the third group of input terminals.

[0042] In the third wiring unit, the first switch One end and a single-pole double-throw switch The fixed contacts of the first switch are respectively connected to the positive access terminal C+ and the negative access terminal C- in the third group of access terminals. The other end of the single-pole double-throw switch The first contact C1 and the output module are connected to the single-pole double-throw switch The second contact C2 is connected to the output module.

[0043] If battery pack A and battery pack B are to be connected in series, the first switch Disconnect, SPDT switch If the battery pack A and the battery pack B are to be connected in parallel, the first switch Closed, single-pole double-throw switch Connected to the second contact A2.

[0044] That is, under the control of the processing module 120, multiple first switches 1311 and multiple single-pole double-throw switches 1312 can realize arbitrary series and parallel connections between multiple battery groups, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic components can meet different application requirements in distributed scenarios.

[0045] In addition, the cells in the photovoltaic module will cause local heating when blocked by foreign objects, which is called the hot spot effect. The hot spot effect will reduce the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, accelerate the aging of the photovoltaic module, and even cause safety hazards. The existing solution is to connect the bypass diode in parallel with the battery string. When a cell in the battery string has abnormal current and voltage, the part of the battery string connected in parallel with the bypass diode will be short-circuited to avoid the hot spot effect. However, this method has the following problems: When the PV module is working normally and there is no hot spot phenomenon, the bypass diode is in the reverse cutoff state, but in fact the diode will also have a certain leakage current in the reverse direction, which will cause a small energy loss. Although the leakage current of a single diode is very small, in a large-scale PV power station, the leakage current of the diodes in many PV modules accumulates, and the total energy loss cannot be ignored. When the hot spot phenomenon occurs, the bypass diode is turned on to bypass the faulty cell, and the diode itself has a forward conduction voltage drop, which will cause a certain voltage drop and energy loss, reducing the overall output energy of the PV module.

[0046] The bypass diode is a semiconductor device that needs to be produced using specific materials and manufacturing processes, and it has a certain cost. In a photovoltaic module, each cell or cell string needs to be connected in parallel with a bypass diode. For large-scale photovoltaic power stations, a large number of bypass diodes will increase the hardware cost of the entire photovoltaic system. It requires certain labor and material costs to correctly install the bypass diode into the photovoltaic module and connect it to the cell. This includes operations such as welding and wiring, which increases the complexity and cost of the production and installation of photovoltaic modules.

[0047] To reduce energy loss and costs, see Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, the plurality of battery packs 200 include a plurality of first battery packs 210 and a plurality of second battery packs 220. The first battery pack 210 is composed of a first battery cell, and the second battery pack 220 is composed of a plurality of second battery cells.

[0048] It should be noted that the first solar cell is a solar cell located in a photovoltaic module that is easily shielded, and the second solar cell is a solar cell located in a photovoltaic module that is not easily shielded.

[0049] For example, photovoltaic modules are basically installed at a certain inclination angle. At this time, the cells located at the bottom of the photovoltaic module are more likely to be blocked by dust and water accumulation, causing damage. On the contrary, the cells located in the middle and high parts of the photovoltaic module are less likely to be blocked. Therefore, when designing the battery pack, the cells at the bottom of the photovoltaic module (i.e., the easily blocked part) are used as the first cells, and the cells in the middle and high parts of the photovoltaic module (i.e., the less easily blocked part) are used as the second cells. A single first cell is used as a first battery group 210, and multiple second cells are connected in series and / or in parallel to form a second battery group 220, so as to reduce the impact of damage to a single first cell on the photovoltaic module as a whole, thereby reducing costs.

[0050] In the embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 5The wiring unit 131 further includes a second switch 1313 . One end of the second switch 1313 is connected to a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals, and the other end of the second switch 1313 is connected to a fixed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 .

[0051] Furthermore, the processing module 120 includes a data acquisition unit and a processor, wherein the input end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the plurality of access terminals, and the output end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the input end of the processor.

[0052] The data acquisition unit is used to collect the working data of multiple battery packs through multiple groups of access terminals, and send the working data of multiple battery packs to the processor. The processor is used to determine whether the battery pack is in an abnormal state according to the working data of the multiple battery packs. The working data of the battery pack includes current data and voltage data.

[0053] When the battery pack 200 is blocked by foreign objects and produces a hot spot effect, the working data of the battery pack 200 is abnormal, and the processor determines that the battery pack is an abnormal battery pack, and controls the second switch 1313 corresponding to the abnormal battery pack to be disconnected. Then, the processor controls the wiring module 130 to connect the remaining normal battery packs in series and parallel according to the application scenario information. During operation, the processor regularly detects the working data of each battery pack. When it is found that the working data of a battery pack is abnormal and / or the application scenario information has changed, the processor readjusts the battery pack connection plan so that the wiring module 130 can flexibly connect multiple battery packs 200.

[0054] It can be seen that the present application can timely disconnect the battery pack blocked by foreign objects and avoid the hot spot effect by setting the second switch 1313 at the positive and negative poles of each battery pack 200 and controlling the closing and opening of multiple second switches 1313 through the data acquisition unit and the processor. Compared with the bypass diode method used in the prior art, the second switch 1313 used in the present application not only reduces energy loss but also greatly reduces hardware cost.

[0055] Furthermore, since the number of cells in the multiple battery groups in the present application is considered based on the installation scenario of the photovoltaic module, that is, the cells in the photovoltaic module that are easily blocked are treated as a separate battery group. When blocked, the branch of the battery group formed by a single cell is disconnected by the second switch 1313, and the circuit is reconnected, thereby reducing the impact of damage to a single cell on the photovoltaic module as a whole, thereby further reducing costs.

[0056] For a better understanding, the following Figure 6 The four battery packs shown in the figure are used as an example. First, the processor determines whether the power generation state of the battery pack is normal based on the battery pack operation sent by the data acquisition unit. If it is not normal, the second switch ( , , , ) is disconnected to open the circuit of the abnormal battery group. Then, the processor controls the closing or opening of each switch in combination with the working data of the remaining battery groups (i.e. normal battery groups) and the application scenario information, so that the photovoltaic module can meet the diverse needs in distributed scenarios.

[0057] For example, assuming that only the working data of battery pack A among the four battery packs is abnormal, the processor controls the second switch Disconnect the remaining second switch , , When the application scenario information received by the processor indicates that the photovoltaic module needs to output high current and low voltage, the processor generates a connection scheme for connecting battery groups B, C, and D in series, and controls each switch in the wiring module 130 to close or open (i.e. , , All disconnected, Closed with B1, Closed with C1, With D1 closed, high current and low voltage output are achieved.

[0058] Assume that the working data of the four battery packs are normal, the voltage and current of a single battery cell in each battery pack are 0.6V / 1.5A, the voltage and current of battery packs A and B are 0.6V / 1.5A (i.e., battery packs A and B are composed of a single battery cell), and the voltage and current of battery packs C and D are 1.2V / 1.5A (i.e., battery packs C and D are composed of two battery cells connected in series). At this time, the second switch , , , All are closed. Battery packs A and B can be connected in series first, and then connected in parallel with battery packs C and D to output a voltage of 1.2V. The advantage of this situation is that battery packs A and B may be the cells that are more easily blocked in the photovoltaic module. If they are treated as a single battery pack, the branch of a single cell can be disconnected when blocked, and the circuit can be reconnected, reducing the impact of damage to a single cell on the entire module, thereby reducing costs.

[0059] The processing module 120 can select several common current or voltage forms for output, such as high current and low voltage, low current and high voltage. Among them, high voltage and low current can be applied to the scenario where the energy storage device is far away from the component. The use of relatively high voltage and relatively low current can effectively reduce the loss in transmission. The high current and low voltage mode can achieve rapid energy storage in the scenario where the energy storage device is close to the component. In addition, a constant current or voltage within a certain range can also be achieved.

[0060] Furthermore, when the application scenario information is an ice and snow environment, the accumulated snow may block the cells in the photovoltaic module and require manual cleaning.

[0061] As a possible implementation, please refer again to Figure 2 , the first switch 1311 corresponding to the covered battery pack (i.e. the battery pack with abnormal working data) can be closed, the single-pole double-throw switch 1312 and the first contact 1 can be closed, the battery pack can be short-circuited to generate heat and automatically melt the snow.

[0062] As another possible implementation, see Figure 7 , the wiring unit 131 also includes a third switch 1314. The two ends of the third switch 1314 are respectively connected to the positive access terminal and the negative access terminal in a group of access terminals. When the application scenario information is an ice and snow environment, and the working data of the battery pack is abnormal, the battery pack with abnormal working data is regarded as an abnormal battery pack, and the third switch 1314 corresponding to the abnormal battery pack is closed, so that the abnormal battery pack is short-circuited to generate heat to automatically melt the snow, without the need for manual snow cleaning.

[0063] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, a group of lead-out terminals of the battery pack is led out from the back of the battery pack and is convex. The input module 110 is located on the back of the plurality of battery packs, and the input module 110 is a flat plate structure, so that the junction box 100 replaces the back plate in the traditional photovoltaic module, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect.

[0064] The input module 110 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the shapes and positions of the plurality of through holes correspond to the shapes and positions of the plurality of lead terminals. For example, if a set of lead terminals of the battery pack is an inverted truncated cone structure, the corresponding through hole is also an inverted truncated cone structure and has the same size. The lead terminals on the back of the battery pack are embedded in the through holes and connected to the access terminals.

[0065] Specifically, a conductive metal sheet is disposed on the inner wall of the through hole, a slit is provided on the side of the conductive metal sheet, and the lead-out terminal on the back of the battery pack is embedded in the slit and closely fits the conductive metal sheet and is connected to the input terminal. Optionally, a protective layer is also provided on the outer layer of the conductive metal sheet.

[0066] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present application also provides a photovoltaic system, which includes the photovoltaic component wiring device 10 as described in any of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0067] In summary, the embodiments of the present application provide a photovoltaic module wiring device and a photovoltaic system, wherein the photovoltaic module wiring device includes: a junction box and a plurality of battery packs. Each battery pack is composed of one or more battery cells. The junction box includes an input module, a processing module and a wiring module, one end of the input module is connected to the plurality of battery packs, the other end of the input module is respectively connected to the processing module and the wiring module, and the wiring module is also connected to the processing module. The processing module is used to collect the working data of the plurality of battery packs through the input module, and generate a battery pack connection scheme according to the received application scenario information and the working data of the plurality of battery packs, and control the wiring module to connect the plurality of battery packs according to the battery pack connection scheme.

[0068] When the application scenario information and / or the working data of multiple battery packs change, the processing module can automatically adjust the battery pack connection plan to ensure that the wiring module can flexibly connect multiple battery packs and realize arbitrary series and parallel connections between multiple battery packs, so that the photovoltaic components can meet different application requirements in distributed scenarios.

[0069] In addition, the number of cells in the battery pack in this application is determined according to the installation scenario of the photovoltaic module. That is, the cells in the photovoltaic module that are easily blocked are treated as a battery pack. When blocked, the branch of a single cell can be disconnected (that is, the second switch corresponding to the abnormal battery pack is disconnected), and the circuit is reconnected, which not only avoids the hot spot phenomenon caused by foreign objects blocking, but also reduces the impact of damage to a single cell on the photovoltaic module as a whole, thereby reducing costs.

[0070] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0071] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present application can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present application. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the present application. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module wiring device, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module wiring device comprises a junction box and a plurality of battery groups; wherein each of the battery groups is composed of one or more battery cells; The junction box comprises an input module, a processing module and a wiring module, one end of the input module is connected to the plurality of battery packs, the other end of the input module is respectively connected to the processing module and the wiring module, and the wiring module is also connected to the processing module; The processing module is used to collect the working data of the multiple battery packs through the input module, and generate a battery pack connection plan based on the received application scenario information and the working data of the multiple battery packs, and control the wiring module to connect the multiple battery packs according to the battery pack connection plan.

2. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input module includes a plurality of groups of access terminals equal to the number of battery packs, and a group of the access terminals is connected to a group of lead-out terminals of a battery pack; Each group of the access terminals includes a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal, and each group of the lead-out terminals includes a positive lead-out terminal and a negative lead-out terminal; the positive access terminal is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack through the positive lead-out terminal, and the negative access terminal is connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack through the negative lead-out terminal.

3. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wiring module includes a plurality of wiring units equal in number to the battery pack, one end of each wiring unit is connected to a group of access terminals, and the other end of each wiring unit is connected to the next group of access terminals; The wiring unit comprises a first switch and a single-pole double-throw switch, one end of the first switch and a fixed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals, the other end of the first switch is respectively connected to a first contact of the single-pole double-throw switch and a positive access terminal in a next group of access terminals, and a second contact of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to a negative access terminal in the next group of access terminals; The first switch and the single-pole double-throw switch in each of the wiring units are used to close or open according to the connection scheme generated by the processing module.

4. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wiring unit further comprises a second switch, one end of the second switch is connected to a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals, and the other end of the second switch is connected to a fixed contact of the single-pole double-throw switch; When the working data of the battery pack is abnormal, the battery pack with the abnormal working data is regarded as an abnormal battery pack, and the second switch corresponding to the abnormal battery pack is disconnected.

5. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wiring unit further includes a third switch, and two ends of the third switch are respectively connected to a positive access terminal and a negative access terminal in a group of access terminals; When the application scenario information is an ice and snow environment, and the working data of the battery pack is abnormal, the battery pack with the abnormal working data is regarded as an abnormal battery pack, and the third switch corresponding to the abnormal battery pack is closed.

6. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The processing module includes a data acquisition unit and a processor, the input end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the plurality of access terminals, and the output end of the data acquisition unit is connected to the input end of the processor; The data collection unit is used to collect working data of the plurality of battery packs through the plurality of access terminals, and the processor is used to determine whether the battery pack is in an abnormal state according to the working data of the plurality of battery packs.

7. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A group of lead-out terminals are led out from the back of a battery pack, the input module is located on the back of multiple battery packs, and the input module is a flat structure; the input module is provided with multiple through holes, the shapes and positions of the multiple through holes correspond one to one with the shapes and positions of multiple groups of lead-out terminals, the lead terminals are embedded in the through holes, and are connected to the access terminals.

8. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A conductive metal sheet is disposed on the inner wall of the through hole, a slit is formed on the side of the conductive metal sheet, and the lead-out terminal is embedded in the slit and adheres to the conductive metal sheet and is connected to the access terminal.

9. The photovoltaic module wiring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of battery packs include a plurality of first battery packs and a plurality of second battery packs; The first battery group is composed of a first battery cell, and the second battery group is composed of multiple second battery cells; wherein the first battery cell is a battery cell in a photovoltaic module that is easily blocked, and the second battery cell is a battery cell in a photovoltaic module that is not easily blocked.

10. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The photovoltaic system comprises the photovoltaic component wiring device according to any one of claims 1-9.

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