Modified machine for press and press rolls

Abstract

The invention relates to a reshaping machine for pressing and pressing rollers, comprising: a vertically directed spindle on which a reshaping tool is arranged; a first driver by means of which the main shaft can be driven to rotate about a vertically directed rotation axis; the tailstock main shaft and the main shaft are coaxially arranged, and the tailstock main shaft can move relative to the axial direction of the main shaft; a machine lower bed and a machine upper bed which are connected to one another via at least three vertically directed machine supports, the main shaft being arranged on the machine lower bed and the at least three machine supports being arranged distributed around the axis of rotation, the at least three machine supports delimiting a working space; and at least one reshaping roller which is guided along the at least one machine support in an axially displaceable and radially advanceable manner. According to the invention, it is provided that the tailstock spindle is arranged on a carriage which is axially guided and supported on at least three machine supports by means of at least one linear guide in each case in such a way that the carriage reinforces the machine supports against outward bending in the radial direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a forming machine for pressing and pressing rollers according to the preamble of claim 1, comprising: a vertically directed main shaft, on which a forming tool is arranged; a first drive, by means of which the main shaft can be driven to rotate around a vertically directed axis of rotation; a tailstock spindle, which is arranged coaxially with the main shaft and can move relative to it; a machine lower bed and a machine upper bed, which are connected to each other via at least three vertically directed machine supports, wherein the main shaft is arranged on the machine lower bed, and at least three machine supports (Maschinenstand) are arranged distributed around the axis of rotation, and the at least three machine supports define a working space; and at least one forming roller, which is guided along at least one machine support so that it can move axially and can be fed radially. Background Art

[0002] Retrofit machines with vertically directed axes of rotation have long been known. From DE 9103358 U1, a retrofit machine with two vertically directed machine supports is known. Drives for driving the main spindle and tailstock spindle individually are present not only on the lower machine bed but also on the upper machine bed. When two machine supports are used, the rigidity of the machine frame is limited.

[0003] An increased rigidity of the machine frame is achieved by arranging three machine supports, as is known, for example, from the general DE 10 2007 012 765 B4. In this known modified machine, the tailstock spindle is guided linearly displaceably along the three machine supports.

[0004] High machine rigidity is important in order to ensure precise guidance and positioning of the forming rollers and thus to achieve a high forming accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention is based on the object of specifying a retrofit machine in which a particularly high machine rigidity is provided.

[0006] This object is achieved according to the invention by a modified machine having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0007] The machine variant according to the invention is characterized in that the tailstock spindle is arranged on a slide which is axially guided and supported on at least three machine supports by means of at least one linear guide in each case in such a way that the slide reinforces the machine supports against outward bending in the radial direction.

[0008] The invention is based on the recognition that when a workpiece is pressed or rolled, significant radially directed reforming forces are exerted on the centrally supported workpiece by the reforming rollers. These processing forces are to be absorbed by a machine support, on which the individual reforming rollers are movably supported and guided. The machine support, so to speak, serves as a support and is loaded with radially outwardly directed forces during the reforming process, by which the vertical or cylindrical machine support can be bent radially outwards. Even in the case of a very rigid design of the machine support, in the case of relatively large reforming forces in the range of a few tenths of a millimeter or a few millimeters, undesired bending can occur, which can have a negative impact on the reforming accuracy.

[0009] This bending is counteracted according to one aspect of the invention in the following manner, that is, the slide for the tailstock spindle is constructed and arranged so that the slide is guided along the machine support in such a way that it reinforces the machine support to prevent bending outwards in the radial direction. Therefore, the slide acts as a transverse reinforcement, which is guided vertically along the machine support in a movable manner. The radially outwardly directed forces at the machine support, which are preferably distributed symmetrically around the axis of rotation, can be absorbed by the slide, which is particularly horizontally directed, and compensate each other. The thus caused increased rigidity of the machine against the radially outwardly directed forces leads to an increase in the shape accuracy during the modification.

[0010] According to a development of the invention, it is particularly preferred that at least one linear guide of each machine support is designed to engage in the radial direction or to form fit in the direction of radially introduced forces. In particular, guide surfaces pointing radially outwards and guide surfaces pointing radially inwards relative to the axis of rotation are present between the respective machine support and the slide, so that radially outwardly directed forces can be transmitted from the respective machine support to the slide. The slide is accordingly rigidly designed so that it can absorb radial forces from the respective supports and largely compensate for them.

[0011] A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is that at least one linear guide strip is respectively formed on the machine support, which has a radially outwardly directed guide surface, and each guide strip is associated with at least one guide element, which is supported on the carriage and bears against the radially outwardly directed guide surface of the associated guide strip for guiding the carriage. In this case, the at least one guide element on the carriage can be a guide roller, a guide ball and / or also a sliding or rolling guide shoe, which bears against the outwardly directed guide strip of the machine support in a contacting manner. This allows particularly good reinforcement.

[0012] In principle, only the main spindle can be driven in rotation in the modification machine. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the modification machine according to the invention results from the fact that a second drive (ideally of the same size) is arranged on the slide, with which the tailstock spindle can be driven in rotation about the axis of rotation and / or can be driven synchronously with respect to speed and / or angle. When modifying workpieces, which are to be driven in rotation for modification, particularly high torques can be applied via the two drives.

[0013] Another advantageous embodiment of the invention is based on the fact that the roller support for the respective at least one modification roller is movably guided along at least one machine frame and that the roller support is provided with an axial feed drive and a radial feed drive for the modification roller. This results in an overall compact design, in which each machine frame carries and guides both the slide and the roller support. Ideally, the slide and the at least one roller support are guided via the same belt. The individual roller supports can be individually controlled and adjusted via their own axial feed drive. This allows modification of workpieces with a greater variety of shapes.

[0014] According to an embodiment variant of the invention, a particularly compact arrangement of the conversion machine is achieved in that each machine support has two box columns, between which a free space is formed and in which at least one roller support for the conversion roller is guided in a movable manner. In this case, the carriages can each have a fork-shaped holder, at the ends of which a guide element for guiding on a guide strip is arranged at each of the box columns. The fork-shaped holder can surround a single machine support with two box columns and thus bring about the desired reinforced guidance on the outer sides of the two box columns.

[0015] In principle, only a single roller support or a part of a roller support can be supported on the machine frame. According to a development of the invention, it is particularly expedient to guide the roller supports accordingly on all machine frames.

[0016] Furthermore, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that at least one shaping roller is arranged at an angle of 5 to 20 degrees to the axis of rotation. In this way, when shaping the blank, a further improvement in the rolling behavior of the shaping roller at the workpiece can be achieved by the clearance angle generated at the roller outlet. By arranging the shaping roller at an angle of 5 to 20 degrees, a significant reduction in the radial roller contact surface can be achieved, so that the different peripheral speeds between the workpiece and the shaping roller are reduced to a minimum. In addition, the wear of the shaping roller is minimized permanently and the shape accuracy during shaping on cylindrical and especially conical tool geometries is improved. The shaping rollers at the respective roller supports can be passively rotatably supported. When in contact with a rotationally driven workpiece, the shaping rollers can be passively set in rotation. In order to avoid slipping at the shaping rollers and thus achieve particularly high shape accuracy, according to another embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous to provide a shaping roller drive for at least one shaping roller, with which the shaping roller can be driven at a preset rotational speed. The synchronization between the rotational speed of the workpiece or the circumferential speed in the engagement diameter of the reforming roller and the rotational speed of the reforming roller can be set and ensured via a control unit which is known in principle.

[0017] Another preferred embodiment of the invention is that at least one processing unit with a profile roller is arranged in the passage area between two machine supports. This provides a relatively large free space for arranging and feeding at least one profile roller. In this case, a plurality of profile rollers can also be arranged on the roller support with corresponding replacement devices for replacing the profile rollers in the operating position for the profile. In addition, the roller support can be provided with an angle adjustment device for the profile rollers so that the working angle and / or the profile roller geometry can be optimally adjusted to the processing task. The angle adjustment can be carried out manually or automatically.

[0018] Another particularly suitable design of the modification machine according to the present invention is achieved in the following way, that is, a connecting device for connecting the modification tool and lifting the modification tool from the main shaft is arranged at an axially movable slide. Here, the modification tool at the main shaft is loosely and replaceably supported. The modification tool can be connected to the slide via a connecting device arranged at an axially movable slide above it. For connection, a chain, one or more connecting rods or one or more other connecting elements can be used. By axially moving the slide upward, the slide can be used as a lifting device to separate the modification tool from the main shaft. This makes the replacement process of the modification tool easy. If other workpiece contours are set for processing, it may be necessary to replace the modification tool in particular.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the invention, a further improvement in the replacement can be achieved in that a tool changing device is arranged on the lower bed of the machine, which is designed to supply the modification tool to the spindle and / or remove the modification tool from the spindle. In this case, the tool device can be designed in particular as a laterally directed movement device for radially moving a loosened modification tool from the spindle or radially moving a new modification tool to the spindle.

[0020] Another preferred embodiment of the transformation machine according to the invention can be achieved in that an axially movable and radially pivotable unit having a connection device for connecting the transformation tool and lifting the transformation tool from the spindle is arranged on the machine frame.

[0021] A further increase in the flexibility of the machine according to the invention can be achieved in that the tailstock spindle is provided with a pressing extension with a pressing piece, so that even in the case of a limited travel path of the tailstock spindle along the machine support, the necessary pressing contact can be achieved when machining certain workpieces.

[0022] The reshaping machine according to the invention can be used particularly flexibly. According to one embodiment variant of the invention, it is provided in particular that the machine is designed for reshaping steel wheel disks and / or steel wheels. In particular, steel wheels can be manufactured for large vehicles, such as trucks or buses. For this purpose, relatively large, heavy and / or high-strength starting workpieces are required, which are usually sheet metal blanks or semi-finished products preformed by casting, pressing or forging.

[0023] According to an improved solution of the invention, a further improvement in the modification accuracy can be achieved in that the tailstock spindle is configured with a measuring device as a positioning axis. In this way, the travel path of the tailstock spindle and thus the slide along the machine support can also be accurately determined. Here, the position measurement data can be supplied to the control unit for the control and travel of the tailstock spindle.

[0024] Another advantageous design of the present invention is that the pressing force of the tailstock spindle is configured to be adjustable and / or programmable. Here, the tailstock spindle can be provided with a corresponding feed drive. It can have a ball spindle or in particular one or more hydraulic cylinders.

[0025] According to another improvement of the invention, a further increase in processing flexibility is achieved in that the tailstock spindle is provided with an axially movable first pressing extension with a pressing ring, which first pressing extension preferably protrudes beyond a second pressing extension with a pressing sheet. By using an external first pressing extension and an internal second pressing extension, it is possible to achieve a particularly targeted pressing of the workpiece onto the modification tool at the spindle. Alternatively, only the internal pressing extension may be arranged.

[0026] In order to release the modified workpieces easily, it is advantageous if an ejector unit and / or a scraper unit is arranged on the main spindle and / or the tailstock spindle. This can in particular comprise a hydraulically actuatable cylinder with an ejector and / or a scraper element which can be adjusted in the axial direction. The ejector and / or the scraper element on the spindle side can also advantageously be used to lift the finished workpiece from the tool to the removal level and / or to lower the blank to the clamping and processing level.

[0027] In principle, only a single forming tool is arranged on the spindle. The forming tool predetermines the inner contour of the workpiece to be formed. In particular, for the production of vehicle wheels in which the rim bed extends on both sides of the radial hub region, an advantageous embodiment of the forming machine is that the tailstock spindle is designed to receive a further forming tool.

[0028] In principle, the modification roller can only be arranged at the roller support provided for this purpose. According to a further development of the invention, a further increase in modification flexibility is achieved in that the slide is designed to receive the modification roller. Thus, not only the tailstock spindle but also one or more modification rollers are supported on a slide that can be moved axially along the machine support. These can be fed radially and / or axially to the workpiece via corresponding drives in order to modify it.

[0029] According to a further development of the invention, the machine supports are preferably connected to one another in their central region via transverse struts, thereby achieving a further reinforcement with respect to radial outward bending. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention is further explained based on the preferred embodiments schematically shown in the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 : shows a top view towards an embodiment of a modified machine according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 : shows the cross section CC Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a machine;

[0033] Figure 3 :shows the Figure 1 A perspective view of the machine, with parts omitted;

[0034] Figure 4 : shows a schematic cross-sectional view through the spindle region of a modified machine according to the invention;

[0035] Figure 5 : shows a perspective view towards the machine frame;

[0036] Figure 6 : shows a side view of a modified machine according to the present invention; and

[0037] Figure 7 : Shows the cross section AA Figure 6 A cross-sectional illustration of a machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] According to the basis Figures 1 to 4 The basic structure of the modified machine 10 according to the present invention is explained by way of example. Figure 1 In the view from above, a star-shaped machine frame 24 with three machine supports 30 can be seen. A first passage area 34a, a second passage area 34b and a third passage area 34c are formed between the three vertical machine supports 30, through which the inner working space 5 is reached.

[0039] Arranged at the first channel region 34a is a removal device 60 having a conveyor belt as a conveyor device 64. The workpieces can be brought out of the working space 5 onto the conveyor device 64 by means of a gripper (not shown) from a scraping device (not shown).

[0040] Arranged at the second channel region 34b is a supply device 70 having a gripper 72. The gripper 72 can separate and receive the blank from a conveying or providing device (not shown), then supply it to the working space 5 and place it on a reforming tool (not shown).

[0041] An additional processing unit 40 may be arranged at the third channel region 34 c , which will be explained in more detail below.

[0042] according to Figure 2 The machine frame 24 has a machine lower bed 26 and a plate-shaped machine upper bed 28 , which are firmly connected to one another via three vertical machine supports 30 .

[0043] A spindle 12 with a forming tool 14 for receiving a workpiece 1 is arranged on the lower bed 26 of the machine. The spindle 12 with the forming tool 14 is driven to rotate around the rotation axis 18 via a first drive 16. An ejector unit 80 is arranged below the spindle 12. The ejector unit 80 is used for loading (the workpiece 1 is transferred by the supply device 70 to position and clamp the workpiece 1 on the rotation axis 18 and then clamp it on the forming tool 14) and for unloading, releasing and ejecting the workpiece from the forming tool 14 and then transferring it to the removal device 60.

[0044] If an aluminum wheel is to be processed as workpiece 1, it is expedient for the ejector unit 80 to engage in the wheel center so as not to damage the sensitive aluminum workpiece. In the wheel center, the wall thickness is greatest.

[0045] If a steel wheel or a steel wheel disk is to be machined as workpiece 1, it is expedient for the scraper unit 81 to engage at the outer edge of the workpiece in order not to damage the sensitive steel workpiece and / or to raise it to the removal level over the scraper plate 82. The cylinders for the manipulation may be integrated symmetrically with respect to the center in the lower bed 26 of the machine.

[0046] A second drive 22 is arranged on the machine bed 28, which drives the tailstock spindle 20 to rotate around the rotation axis 18 via a common transmission device. The tailstock spindle 20 and the second drive 22 are supported on a horizontally directed, plate-shaped and box-shaped reinforced slide 21, which can move axially along a vertical machine support 30. For this, a hydraulic adjustment cylinder 23 is arranged on the machine bed 28. The spindle 12 and the tailstock spindle 20 coaxial therewith are arranged in a working space 5 defined by three machine supports 30. The tailstock spindle 20 can be provided with an axially movable pressing extension 25 with a pressing ring 27, which protrudes beyond the first pressing extension with a pressing sheet.

[0047] Each machine support 30 is constructed from two box columns 31, between which a free space is formed. In this free space, a roller support 36 with a modified roller 37 can be supported in a feedable manner, such as Figure 4 . The radial roller supports 36 are oriented horizontally. Three radial roller supports 36 can be arranged offset by 120 degrees from one another. In the embodiment shown, the feed drive in the radial direction is carried out by servo-controlled hydraulic cylinders, as in the axial direction, the vertical adjustment is carried out via servo-controlled hydraulic cylinders. They can also be electric. The roller supports 36 can be moved mechanically completely independently of one another, respectively with radial and axial feed for the reforming roller 37.

[0048] At the third channel region 34 c , an additional machining unit 40 may be provided for carrying out further machining operations on the workpiece.

[0049] The structure of the machine frame 24 is Figure 5 In addition to the reinforcement by the slide, the columnar machine supports 30 can also be connected in their respective central region via horizontal transverse struts 32 to the respectively adjacent machine supports 30 and thus be additionally reinforced. Figure 5 The arrangement of the roller support 36 between the two box columns 31 of the machine frame 30 is also clearly visible in FIG.

[0050] according to Figure 6 The section AA in FIG. 1 shows the guiding of the slide 21 along the machine support 30 according to the invention, wherein the sectional view in FIG. Figure 7In this case, two linear guides 90 are arranged along each machine support 30 , which linear guides 90 extend parallel to the axis of rotation 18 .

[0051] Each linear guide 90 has a rail-like guide strip 92, which is mounted at the radial inside of one of the machine supports 30. In order to form a lateral undercut, a concave recess is provided at the side of the guide strip 92. At the facing side of the slide 21, a corresponding U-shaped guide element 96 is mounted, which engages with a projection into the recess of the guide strip 92, wherein radially directed forces can be received by the guide element 96 via the radially outwardly directed guide surface 94. The slide 21 can thus contribute to further strengthening the machine frame 24, which significantly improves the shape accuracy, especially when retrofitting large vehicle wheels.

Claims

1. A modified machine for pressing and rolling, having a vertically oriented spindle (12), on which a shaping tool (14) is arranged, a first drive (16), by means of which the spindle (12) can be driven in rotation about a vertically oriented axis of rotation (18), a tailstock spindle (20) arranged coaxially with the spindle (12) and capable of axial movement relative thereto, A machine lower bed (26) and a machine upper bed (28), which are connected to one another via at least three vertically oriented machine supports (30), wherein: The spindle (12) is arranged on the machine lower bed (26), and at least three machine supports (30) are arranged distributed around the rotation axis (18), the at least three machine supports (30) delimiting a working space (5), and at least one reforming roller (37) which is guided along at least one machine support (30) so as to be axially movable and radially advanceable, It is characterized in that The tailstock spindle (20) is arranged on a slide (21), which is axially guided and supported on the at least three machine supports (30) by means of at least one linear guide device (90) in each case, so that the slide (21) reinforces the machine supports (30) against outward bending in the radial direction.

2. The modified machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least one linear guide (90) is configured to engage rearwardly in a radial direction.

3. The modified machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: At least one linear guide strip (92) is formed on each of the machine supports (30), the linear guide strip (92) having a guide surface (94) pointing radially outward, and At least one guide element (96) is associated with each guide strip (92), which is supported on the slide (21) and, for guiding the slide (21), rests on a radially outwardly directed guide surface (94) of the associated guide strip (92).

4. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A second drive (22) is arranged on the slide (21), by means of which the tailstock spindle (20) can be driven to rotate about the rotation axis (18).

5. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that A roller support (36) for at least one reforming roller (37) is movably guided along at least one machine support (30) and is provided with an axial feed drive and a radial feed drive for the reforming roller (37).

6. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Each machine support (30) has two box-shaped columns (31) between which a free space is formed, and At least one roller support (36) for the shaping roller (37) is guided in a movable manner in the free space.

7. The modified machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A roller support (36) is respectively guided on all machine supports (30).

8. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The at least one reforming roller (37) is arranged at an angle of 5° to 20° to the rotation axis (18).

9. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that A shaping roller drive is provided for at least one shaping roller (37), by means of which the shaping roller (37) can be driven at a predefined rotational speed.

10. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that At least one machining unit (40) having a reforming roller (37) is arranged in the passage region (34) between the two machine supports (30).

11. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that A connecting device for connecting the shaping tool (14) and lifting the shaping tool (14) from the spindle (12) is arranged on the axially movable slide (21).

12. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that A tool changing device is arranged on the machine lower bed (26), and is configured to supply the modification tool (14) to the spindle (12) and / or remove the modification tool (14) from the spindle (12).

13. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that The tailstock spindle (20) is provided with a pressing extension portion having a pressing sheet.

14. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that The transformation machine (10) is designed for transforming steel wheel discs and / or steel wheels.

15. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterised in that The tailstock spindle (20) is configured with a measuring device as a positioning axis.

16. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that The pressing force of the tailstock spindle (20) is configured to be adjustable and / or programmable.

17. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that The tailstock spindle (20) is provided with an axially movable first pressing extension (25) with a pressing ring (27), wherein the first pressing extension preferably protrudes beyond a second pressing extension (25) with a pressing sheet.

18. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that An ejector unit (80) is arranged on the main spindle (12) and / or the tailstock spindle (20).

19. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that The tailstock spindle (20) is configured to receive another modification tool.

20. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that The slide (21) is configured to receive a reforming roller (37).

21. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that A CNC controller is provided which supports complete virtual imaging of the development process and / or commissioning of the retrofit machine.

22. A modified machine according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterised in that The machine supports (30) are connected to one another in their central region via transverse struts (32).

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