Kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydro-thermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste resource utilization, and discloses a kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydro-thermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system and a kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydro-thermal synthesis multi-energy fusion method. Comprising a waterway output pipeline, a liquid oxygen output pipeline, a slurry output pipeline, an organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, a supercritical water gasification reactor unit, a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, a first oxidation reactor, a metal solution output unit, a gas separator and a power generation and heat supply unit, through gasification treatment of the kitchen waste, resource utilization of organic waste is realized. The supercritical water gasification reactor unit and the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit are combined, so that organic matters in the kitchen waste are efficiently converted, and the resource recovery rate is increased. The system integrates multiple technologies of kitchen waste gasification, supercritical water gasification, supercritical hydrothermal synthesis, steam power generation and metal powder preparation, high technology integration is embodied, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and energy waste is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste resource utilization, and in particular to a multi-energy fusion system and method for kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the global economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the amount of food waste generated has increased dramatically, and the annual amount of food waste has exceeded 1.3 billion tons. These wastes are rich in organic components, such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which will release odors during the natural decomposition process and become a breeding ground for bacteria, thereby exacerbating environmental pollution problems. If food waste is not treated in a timely and effective manner, it will pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and public health. At present, there are many methods for the treatment of food waste, among which anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis incineration, landfill and composting are the more common ones.

[0003] Among the traditional kitchen waste treatment technologies, landfill and incineration are dominant. Although the landfill method is simple to operate, it will occupy a large amount of land resources, and with the long-term accumulation of garbage, the leachate may penetrate into the groundwater, causing pollution to the soil and water sources. On the other hand, although incineration can effectively reduce the volume of garbage, a large amount of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide will be released during the incineration process, which will have a serious impact on air quality. At the same time, the greenhouse gases produced also exacerbate the trend of global warming.

[0004] Therefore, traditional methods of food waste disposal are facing increasing environmental and social pressures, and there is an urgent need to find more environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative technologies to cope with the increasingly serious environmental pollution problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system and method to solve the technical problem of how to improve the effective utilization of kitchen waste in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of food waste, including a water output pipeline, a liquid oxygen output pipeline, a slurry output pipeline, an organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, a supercritical water gasification reactor unit, a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, a first oxidation reactor, a metal solution output unit, a gas separator, and a power generation and heating unit; The working fluid output end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is connected to the working fluid input end of the power generation and heating unit, and the working fluid output end of the power generation and heating unit is used to provide heat to the outside and form a working fluid heat circulation loop; The output ends of the water output pipeline and the slurry output pipeline are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit; The input end of the metal solution output unit is used to input the precursor solution and the alkaline solution; The liquid oxygen output pipeline and the output end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit are respectively connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor, and the output end of the first oxidation reactor includes a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first output end and the output end of the metal solution output unit are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit for preparing metal powder; the second output end is connected to the input end of the gas separator after passing through the water output pipeline, the liquid oxygen output pipeline, the slurry output pipeline and the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline in sequence.

[0007] Preferably, the supercritical water gasification reactor unit comprises a supercritical water gasification reactor; The input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor is connected to the output ends of the water output pipeline and the slurry output pipeline respectively; The output end of the supercritical water gasification reactor is connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor; a heating device is provided on the outer surface of the supercritical water gasification reactor, and a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor, and the slag discharge port is connected to a slag discharge device.

[0008] Furthermore, the slag discharge device includes a lock hopper, and a first cooler is provided between the input end of the lock hopper and the slag discharge port at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor; the lock hopper is provided with a water injection pipeline and a slag discharge pipeline, wherein the water injection pipeline is provided with a water injection ball valve, and the slag discharge pipeline is provided with a slag discharge needle valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit includes a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor and a solid-liquid separator; The first output end of the first oxidation reactor and the output end of the metal solution output unit are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor, and the solid-liquid mixture output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor is connected to the input end of the solid-liquid separator, wherein a second cooler is provided between the solid-liquid mixture output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor and the input end of the solid-liquid separator.

[0010] Furthermore, the metal solution output unit includes a metal precursor solution pipeline and an alkaline solution pipeline; The input end of the metal precursor solution pipeline is provided with a precursor solution pump for inputting the precursor solution; the input end of the alkaline solution pipeline is provided with an alkaline solution pump for inputting the alkaline solution; The output ends of the metal precursor solution pipeline and the alkaline solution pipeline are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor.

[0011] Furthermore, the system also includes a second oxidation reactor; A first heat exchanger is also provided at the input end of the metal precursor solution pipeline; a second heat exchanger is also provided at the input end of the alkaline solution pipeline; The input end of the second oxidation reactor is connected to the gasification output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor, and the output end of the second oxidation reactor is connected to the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline after passing through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, a water pump and a third heat exchanger are sequentially arranged on the water output pipeline, wherein the water output pipeline is connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit through the water pump and the third heat exchanger; The liquid oxygen output pipeline is provided with a liquid oxygen pump, an air preheater and a fourth heat exchanger in sequence; wherein the liquid oxygen output pipeline is connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor through the fourth heat exchanger after passing through the liquid oxygen pump and the air preheater in sequence; The slurry output pipeline is provided with a slurry pump and a fifth heat exchanger in sequence; wherein the slurry output pipeline is connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit through the fifth heat exchanger after passing through the slurry pump; The organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is provided with a working fluid pump and a sixth heat exchanger in sequence; wherein the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is connected to the power generation and heating unit through the sixth heat exchanger after passing through the working fluid pump; The second output end of the first oxidation reactor is connected to the input end of the gas separator after passing through the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger in sequence, wherein a third cooler is provided between the sixth heat exchanger and the gas separator; The output end of the second oxidation reactor is connected to the sixth heat exchanger after passing through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in sequence.

[0013] Furthermore, the power generation and heat supply unit includes a turbine and a heat generator; The input end of the turbine is connected to the sixth heat exchanger, and the heat generator is provided with a water input end, a working fluid input end, a water output end and a working fluid output end; the water input end is used to input water source, and the water output end is used to supply heat to the outside; the working fluid input end is connected to the output end of the turbine, and the working fluid output end is connected to the input end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, forming a working fluid heat circulation loop.

[0014] Furthermore, a fourth cooler is provided on the working medium output end of the heat generator.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using a multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of food waste, based on the above-mentioned multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of food waste, comprising the following steps: The kitchen waste slurry and water are respectively preheated in the slurry output pipeline and the water output pipeline and then input into the supercritical water gasification reactor unit, hydrogen-rich gas is generated through water gasification reaction, and then the hydrogen-rich gas is input into the first oxidation reactor, a part of the hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor is oxidized to release heat, and the water output pipeline, the liquid oxygen output pipeline, the slurry output pipeline and the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline are preheated in turn and then input into the gas separator, and then hydrogen is separated by the gas separator; The metal solution output unit inputs the precursor solution and the alkaline solution into the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, and the remaining hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor enters the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit to undergo a chemical reduction reaction with the precursor solution and the alkaline solution to obtain metal powder; After the organic Rankine cycle working fluid is input into the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, it is oxidized and released heat to generate steam through the hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor, and then electricity is generated through the power generation and heating unit to form a working fluid heat cycle.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of kitchen waste. Through the gasification treatment of kitchen waste, the resource utilization of organic waste is realized, and the environmental pollution caused by landfill and incineration is reduced. The combination of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit and the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit enables the organic matter in the kitchen waste to be efficiently converted, thereby improving the resource recovery rate. Through the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline and the power generation and heating unit, the stable output of electric energy is achieved, providing a reliable energy supply for the system itself and surrounding facilities. At the same time, a variety of organic chemical substances can be dissolved through the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit to form a homogeneous reaction system, thereby greatly improving the reaction speed and facilitating the acquisition of metal powder; the system of the present invention integrates a variety of technologies of kitchen waste gasification, supercritical water gasification, supercritical hydrothermal synthesis, steam power generation and metal powder preparation, embodies a high degree of technical integration, improves energy utilization efficiency and reduces energy waste.

[0017] Furthermore, the supercritical water gasification reactor can efficiently gasify the organic matter in the food waste and convert it into gas products by utilizing the properties of supercritical water. By precisely controlling the reaction conditions, efficient conversion of organic matter can be achieved, and the quality and yield of gas products can be improved. The outer surface of the supercritical water gasification reactor is provided with a heating device, which can ensure that the required supercritical conditions are reached inside the reactor, thereby accelerating the gasification reaction process. The bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor is provided with a slag discharge port, which is connected to a slag discharge device to discharge the solid residue generated during the reaction in a timely manner.

[0018] Furthermore, the lock hopper can ensure that solid residues are stably collected and temporarily stored during the slag discharge process, preventing direct discharge of residues from causing pollution or damage to the environment and equipment. By providing a first cooler to cool the residue before it enters the lock hopper, the temperature of the residue can be reduced, the safety of the slag discharge process can be improved, and it also helps to reduce the thermal shock of the residue to subsequent processing equipment. The water injection ball valve on the water injection pipeline can adjust the water injection amount as needed to control the humidity and fluidity of the residue in the lock hopper, thereby optimizing the slag discharge effect. The slag discharge needle valve on the slag discharge pipeline can accurately control the discharge speed and discharge amount of the residue, ensuring a smooth and controllable slag discharge process.

[0019] Furthermore, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor utilizes the unique properties of supercritical water to promote chemical reactions under mild conditions and achieve efficient synthesis. The solid-liquid separator allows the products after the reaction to be quickly and effectively separated from the solid and liquid, thereby improving the purity and quality of the products. The second cooler can quickly cool the solid-liquid mixture after it is output from the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor, thereby stabilizing the properties of the product and preventing it from undergoing further chemical reactions or decomposition at high temperatures.

[0020] Furthermore, the introduction of the precursor solution pump and the alkaline solution pump can accurately control the input flow rate and speed of the metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution, thereby ensuring that the reactants enter the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor according to the predetermined ratio and conditions. By accurately adjusting the input of the metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution, the reaction conditions in the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor, such as the concentration and pH value of the reactants, can be optimized, thereby improving the reaction efficiency. At the same time, accurate control of the input of the reactants also helps to reduce the generation of by-products and improve the purity and quality of the products.

[0021] Furthermore, the second oxidation reactor receives the gasification output of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor, further oxidizes the combustible gas therein, and the released energy is recovered through the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. The recovered heat can be used to preheat the metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution, thereby achieving efficient use of energy. Furthermore, by setting up the third heat exchanger, the fourth heat exchanger, the fifth heat exchanger and the sixth heat exchanger, the system realizes multi-stage recovery and efficient utilization of energy. These heat exchangers respectively recover the heat of the oxidation reactor and provide heat to the water circuit, liquid oxygen, slurry and steam reheating cycle in turn, and transfer it to the process medium that needs to be heated; the setting of the water pump, liquid oxygen pump and slurry pump ensures that each process medium can be stably and continuously transported to the target location, providing a reliable guarantee for the subsequent chemical reaction and energy conversion. Furthermore, as the core component of the power generation and heating unit, the turbine can efficiently convert the thermal energy in the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the sixth heat exchanger into mechanical energy. This conversion process not only improves the efficiency of energy utilization, but also enables the system to generate electricity with higher efficiency. The heat generator receives the heat of the working fluid received by the turbine and transfers it to the outside world, realizing the secondary conversion of energy and improving the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system. At the same time, the output end of the heat generator is branched, and the second branch is connected to the input end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, forming a working fluid heat circulation loop. This allows steam to be recycled in the system, improving the efficiency of energy utilization.

[0022] Furthermore, the fourth cooler can adjust the temperature of the steam or heat medium flowing out of the second branch of the heat generator. Through the cooling process, it can be ensured that the heat medium reaches a suitable temperature range before entering the subsequent equipment or process, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0023] The present invention also provides a method for using a multi-energy fusion system for gasification of food waste and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis. By converting food waste slurry and water into hydrogen-rich gas, not only the resource utilization of food waste is realized, but also the environmental pressure of waste treatment is reduced. The hydrogen-rich gas is used multiple times in the system, a part of which is used for oxidation and heat release to preheat each output pipeline, and the other part is used for chemical reduction reaction in the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit to generate metal powder, thereby realizing efficient utilization of energy and recycling of materials. Through the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, the system can generate electricity using steam generated by the organic Rankine cycle working fluid and the oxidation heat release of hydrogen-rich gas, providing additional energy output for the system. It improves the self-sufficiency of the system and also helps to improve the economy and sustainability of the entire system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a first structural schematic diagram of the multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of food waste in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a second structural schematic diagram of the multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of food waste in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1. water pump; 2. liquid oxygen pump; 3. slurry pump; 4. working fluid pump; 5. air preheater; 6. first heat exchanger; 7. second heat exchanger; 8. third heat exchanger; 9. fourth heat exchanger; 10. supercritical water gasification reactor; 11. first oxidation reactor; 12. supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor; 13. precursor solution pump; 14. alkaline solution pump; 15. first cooler; 16. solid-liquid separator; 17. second cooler; 18. gas separator; 19. turbine; 20. heat generator; 21. third cooler; 22. fourth cooler; 23. lock hopper; 24. heating device; 25. second oxidation reactor; 26. fifth heat exchanger; 27. sixth heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of kitchen waste to solve the technical problem of how to improve the effective utilization of kitchen waste in the prior art.

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Example 1 See also Figure 1In one embodiment of the present invention, a multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of kitchen waste is provided, comprising a water output pipeline, a liquid oxygen output pipeline, a slurry output pipeline, an organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, a supercritical water gasification reactor unit, a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, a first oxidation reactor 11, a metal solution output unit, a gas separator 18 and a power generation and heating unit; the working fluid output end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is connected to the working fluid input end of the power generation and heating unit, and the working fluid output end of the power generation and heating unit is used to supply heat to the outside and form a working fluid heat circulation loop; the output ends of the water output pipeline and the slurry output pipeline are respectively connected to the supercritical water gasification reactor unit, the supercritical water thermal synthesis reactor unit, the first oxidation reactor 11, the metal solution output unit, the gas separator 18 and the ... The input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit; the input end of the metal solution output unit is used to input the precursor solution and the alkaline solution; the liquid oxygen output pipeline and the output end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit are respectively connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor 11, and the output end of the first oxidation reactor 11 includes a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first output end and the output end of the metal solution output unit are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit for preparing metal powder; the second output end is connected to the input end of the gas separator 18 after passing through the water output pipeline, the liquid oxygen output pipeline, the slurry output pipeline and the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline in sequence.

[0028] Specifically, the supercritical water gasification reactor unit includes a supercritical water gasification reactor 10; the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 is respectively connected to the output ends of the water output pipeline and the slurry output pipeline; the output end of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 is connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor 11; the outer surface of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 is provided with a heating device 24, and the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 is provided with a slag discharge port, and the slag discharge port is connected to the slag discharge device.

[0029] Among them, the slag discharge device includes a lock hopper 23, and a first cooler 15 is provided between the input end of the lock hopper 23 and the slag discharge port at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10; the lock hopper 23 is provided with a water injection pipeline and a slag discharge pipeline, wherein the water injection pipeline is provided with a water injection ball valve, and the slag discharge pipeline is provided with a slag discharge needle valve.

[0030] The structural principle in this embodiment is as follows: The food waste slurry and water are respectively input into the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 through the slurry output pipeline and the water output pipeline. In the supercritical water gasification reactor 10, since the temperature and pressure reach or exceed the critical point of water (temperature 374.15°C, pressure 22.12MPa), the water presents a supercritical state and has special dissolution and reaction properties. The food waste slurry is rapidly gasified in supercritical water to generate a mixed gas rich in hydrogen and other gases. In the supercritical water gasification process, solid residues are generated. These residues are discharged through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10. A first cooler 15 is provided between the slag discharge port and the lock hopper 23, which is used to cool the high-temperature residue discharged from the reactor to prevent it from causing damage to subsequent equipment. The lock hopper 23 is provided with a water injection pipeline and a slag discharge pipeline. Before slag discharge, water can be injected into the lock hopper 23 through the water injection pipeline to further cool and dilute the residue. When discharging slag, open the slag discharge needle valve, and the residue will be discharged from the system through the slag discharge pipeline under the action of gravity and water flow.

[0031] Specifically, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit includes a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 and a solid-liquid separator 16; the first output end of the first oxidation reactor 11 and the output end of the metal solution output unit are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12, and the solid-liquid mixture output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 is connected to the input end of the solid-liquid separator 16, wherein a second cooler 17 is provided between the solid-liquid mixture output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 and the input end of the solid-liquid separator 16.

[0032] Among them, the metal solution output unit includes a metal precursor solution pipeline and an alkaline solution pipeline; a precursor solution pump 13 is provided at the input end of the metal precursor solution pipeline for inputting the precursor solution; an alkaline solution pump 14 is provided at the input end of the alkaline solution pipeline for inputting the alkaline solution; the output ends of the metal precursor solution pipeline and the alkaline solution pipeline are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12.

[0033] The structural principle of this embodiment is as follows: The metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution are respectively input into the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 through the metal precursor solution pipeline and the alkaline solution pipeline. The input ends of the two pipelines are respectively provided with a precursor solution pump 13 and an alkaline solution pump 14, which are used to accurately control the input flow and pressure of the two solutions. At the same time, the first output end of the first oxidation reactor 11 is also connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12, and the partially oxidized hydrogen-rich gas or other reaction medium is introduced into the reactor. These reaction media may react chemically with the metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution to promote the synthesis of the metal.

[0034] Among them, according to Figure 2As shown, the system also includes a second oxidation reactor 25; a first heat exchanger 6 is also provided at the input end of the metal precursor solution pipeline; a second heat exchanger 7 is also provided at the input end of the alkaline solution pipeline; the input end of the second oxidation reactor 25 is connected to the gasification output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12, and the output end of the second oxidation reactor 25 is connected to the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline after passing through the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 in sequence.

[0035] The structural principle of this embodiment is as follows: Before being input into the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12, the metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution are preheated by the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7, respectively. The purpose of preheating is to increase the temperature of the raw materials so that they are closer to the temperature required for the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reaction, thereby saving energy and improving the reaction efficiency. The heat required for preheating comes from the heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the second oxidation reactor 25. The output end of the second oxidation reactor 25 passes through the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 in turn, transferring heat to the metal precursor solution and the alkaline solution to achieve heat recycling. The gas after the oxidation reaction in the second oxidation reactor 25 enters the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline. In the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, the organic Rankine cycle working fluid is heated and generates steam, which drives the turbine 19 to generate electricity. The waste heat generated during the power generation process can be further used to preheat other media or recycled into the system to maximize the utilization of energy.

[0036] Among them, a water pump 1 and a third heat exchanger 8 are sequentially arranged on the water output pipeline, wherein the water output pipeline is connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit through the water pump 1 through the third heat exchanger 8; a liquid oxygen pump 2, an air preheater 5 and a fourth heat exchanger 9 are sequentially arranged on the liquid oxygen output pipeline; wherein the liquid oxygen output pipeline is sequentially connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor 11 through the fourth heat exchanger 9 after passing through the liquid oxygen pump 2 and the air preheater 5; a slurry pump 3 and a fifth heat exchanger 26 are sequentially arranged on the slurry output pipeline; wherein the slurry output pipeline is connected to the supercritical water gasification reactor unit through the fifth heat exchanger 26 after passing through the slurry pump 3 The input end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is provided with a working fluid pump 4 and a sixth heat exchanger 27 in sequence; wherein the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is connected to the power generation and heating unit through the sixth heat exchanger 27 after passing through the working fluid pump 4; the second output end of the first oxidation reactor 11 is connected to the input end of the gas separator 18 after passing through the third heat exchanger 8, the fourth heat exchanger 9, the fifth heat exchanger 26 and the sixth heat exchanger 27 in sequence, wherein a third cooler 21 is provided between the sixth heat exchanger 27 and the gas separator 18; the output end of the second oxidation reactor 25 is connected to the sixth heat exchanger 27 after passing through the first heat exchanger 6 and the second heat exchanger 7 in sequence.

[0037] The power generation and heat supply unit includes a turbine 19 and a heat generator 20; the input end of the turbine 19 is connected to the sixth heat exchanger 27, and the heat generator 20 is provided with a water channel input end, a working fluid input end, a water channel output end, and a working fluid output end; the water channel input end is used to input water, and the water channel output end is used to supply heat to the outside; the working fluid input end is connected to the output end of the turbine 19, and the working fluid output end is connected to the input end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline to form a working fluid heat circulation loop. A fourth cooler 22 is provided on the working fluid output end of the heat generator 20.

[0038] In summary, the present invention provides a multi-energy fusion system for gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of food waste, which realizes the resource utilization of organic waste through the gasification treatment of food waste and reduces the environmental pollution caused by landfill and incineration. The combination of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit and the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit enables the organic matter in the food waste to be efficiently converted, thereby improving the resource recovery rate. Through the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline and the power generation and heating unit, the stable output of electric energy is achieved, providing a reliable energy supply for the system itself and surrounding facilities. At the same time, a variety of organic chemicals can be dissolved through the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit to form a homogeneous reaction system, thereby greatly improving the reaction speed and facilitating the acquisition of metal powder; the system of the present invention integrates a variety of technologies of food waste gasification, supercritical water gasification, supercritical hydrothermal synthesis, steam power generation and metal powder preparation, embodies a high degree of technical integration, improves energy utilization efficiency and reduces energy waste.

[0039] Example 2 The present invention also provides a method for using a kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system, comprising the following steps: The kitchen waste slurry and water are driven by the slurry pump 3 and the water pump 1 in the slurry output pipeline and the water output pipeline respectively, and after being preheated by the fifth heat exchanger 26 and the third heat exchanger 8, enter the supercritical water gasification reactor 10.

[0040] Hydrogen-rich gas is generated by water gasification reaction in the supercritical water gasification reactor 10, and then the hydrogen-rich gas is input into the first oxidation reactor 11. At the same time, the water injection ball valve of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 is opened when discharging slag, water is injected into the lock hopper 23, and then the water injection ball valve is closed; then the slag discharge needle valve is quickly opened. The supercritical water in the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 transports the slag particles at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor 10 to the first cooler 15 for cooling, and then the mixture enters the lock hopper 23. When the pressure of the entire system reaches equilibrium, the slag discharge needle valve will be closed. At this time, the lock hopper 23 is completely isolated from the reactor system. Then the water injection ball valve is opened, and the liquid-solid mixture in the lock hopper 23 is discharged.

[0041] A portion of the hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor 11 is oxidized and releases heat to increase the enthalpy of the mixed product, and preheats the water output pipeline, liquid oxygen output pipeline, slurry output pipeline and organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline in turn, and then is input into the gas separator 18 through the third cooler 21, and hydrogen is separated by the gas separator 18.

[0042] The precursor solution pump 13 and the alkaline solution pump 14 are turned on, so that the precursor solution and the alkaline solution are input into the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 through the metal precursor solution pipeline and the alkaline solution pipeline. At this time, the remaining hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor 11 enters the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, undergoes a chemical reduction reaction with the precursor solution and the alkaline solution, and is separated by the solid-liquid separator 16 to obtain metal powder.

[0043] The working fluid pump 4 is turned on to oxidize the organic Rankine cycle working fluid through the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline through the hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor 11 to release heat and generate steam. The working fluid steam enters the mechanical expansion turbine 19, performs work to generate electrical energy, and while generating electricity and heat for the outside through the heat generator 20, it releases heat and condenses into liquid in the fourth cooler 22, and returns to the sixth heat exchanger 27 through the working fluid pump 4 to form a heat cycle loop.

[0044] In this embodiment, the hydrogen-rich gas produced by the supercritical water gasification reaction of the kitchen waste is first oxidized and released through the first oxidation reactor 11 to provide heat for the gasification reactor. The remaining hydrogen-rich gas enters the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 to replace the expensive chemical reducing agent and reduce the ultrafine metal powder. At the same time, in this embodiment, the remaining hydrogen-rich gas in the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12 enters the second oxidation reactor 25 for re-oxidation to provide heat for the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor 12. At the same time, the water output pipeline, liquid oxygen output pipeline, slurry output pipeline and organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline can be preheated in turn and then input into the gas separator 18, and hydrogen is separated by the gas separator 18.

[0045] In this embodiment, the hydrogen produced by the supercritical water gasification of food waste can directly participate in the subsequent supercritical hydrothermal synthesis process, replacing expensive reducing agents. This method significantly shortens the reaction time of supercritical hydrothermal synthesis and reduces the dependence on traditional chemical reducing agents. Reduces production costs. The supercritical water gasification process and the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis process are easy to control. A clean, efficient, low-cost, continuous and controllable preparation of ultrafine metal powder is achieved. Through supercritical water gasification technology, food waste is effectively converted into hydrogen, realizing the high value of waste. In addition, this treatment method effectively reduces the cost of food waste treatment. At the same time, the supercritical water gasification technology is used to convert food waste into hydrogen, promoting the green development of the economy. The heat of the oxidation product is recovered by different heat exchangers to preheat water, liquid oxygen, slurry and working fluid in turn, so that the reactor quickly reaches the target temperature, reducing the energy loss of the system and improving the energy efficiency of the system. The organic Rankine cycle system recovers the waste heat in the oxidation product after heat exchange for low-temperature power generation. While reducing the energy loss of the system, additional electricity is also harvested. Bringing additional income, it is more competitive in economic terms.

[0046] In summary, the method for using a multi-energy fusion system for gasification of food waste and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis provided in this embodiment converts food waste slurry and water into hydrogen-rich gas, which not only realizes the resource utilization of food waste, but also reduces the environmental pressure of waste treatment. The hydrogen-rich gas is used many times in the system, one part is used for oxidation and heat release to preheat each output pipeline, and the other part is used for chemical reduction reaction in the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit to generate metal powder, thereby realizing efficient utilization of energy and recycling of materials. Through the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, the system can generate electricity using steam generated by the organic Rankine cycle working fluid and the oxidation heat release of hydrogen-rich gas, providing additional energy output for the system. It improves the self-sufficiency of the system and also helps to improve the economy and sustainability of the entire system.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents, and any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system, characterized in that: It comprises a water output pipeline, a liquid oxygen output pipeline, a slurry output pipeline, an organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, a supercritical water gasification reactor unit, a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, a first oxidation reactor (11), a metal solution output unit, a gas separator (18), and a power generation and heating unit; The working fluid output end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is connected to the working fluid input end of the power generation and heating unit, and the working fluid output end of the power generation and heating unit is used to provide heat to the outside and form a working fluid heat circulation loop; The output ends of the water output pipeline and the slurry output pipeline are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit; The input end of the metal solution output unit is used to input the precursor solution and the alkaline solution; The liquid oxygen output pipeline and the output end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit are respectively connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor (11); the output end of the first oxidation reactor (11) comprises a first output end and a second output end, wherein the first output end and the output end of the metal solution output unit are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit for preparing metal powder; and the second output end is connected to the input end of the gas separator (18) after passing through the water output pipeline, the liquid oxygen output pipeline, the slurry output pipeline and the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline in sequence.

2. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercritical water gasification reactor unit comprises a supercritical water gasification reactor (10); The input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor (10) is respectively connected to the output ends of the water output pipeline and the slurry output pipeline; The output end of the supercritical water gasification reactor (10) is connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor (11); a heating device (24) is provided on the outer surface of the supercritical water gasification reactor (10); a slag discharge port is provided at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor (10), and the slag discharge port is connected to a slag discharge device.

3. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slag discharge device comprises a lock hopper (23), wherein a first cooler (15) is provided between an input end of the lock hopper (23) and a slag discharge port at the bottom of the supercritical water gasification reactor (10); a water injection pipeline and a slag discharge pipeline are provided on the lock hopper (23), wherein a water injection ball valve is provided on the water injection pipeline, and a slag discharge needle valve is provided on the slag discharge pipeline.

4. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit comprises a supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (12) and a solid-liquid separator (16); The first output end of the first oxidation reactor (11) and the output end of the metal solution output unit are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (12), and the solid-liquid mixture output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (12) is connected to the input end of the solid-liquid separator (16), wherein a second cooler (17) is provided between the solid-liquid mixture output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (12) and the input end of the solid-liquid separator (16).

5. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal solution output unit includes a metal precursor solution pipeline and an alkaline solution pipeline; The input end of the metal precursor solution pipeline is provided with a precursor solution pump (13) for inputting the precursor solution; An alkaline solution pump (14) is provided at the input end of the alkaline solution pipeline for inputting the alkaline solution; The output ends of the metal precursor solution pipeline and the alkaline solution pipeline are respectively connected to the input end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (12).

6. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system also includes a second oxidation reactor (25); A first heat exchanger (6) is also provided at the input end of the metal precursor solution pipeline; a second heat exchanger (7) is also provided at the input end of the alkaline solution pipeline; The input end of the second oxidation reactor (25) is connected to the gasification output end of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor (12), and the output end of the second oxidation reactor (25) is connected to the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline after passing through the first heat exchanger (6) and the second heat exchanger (7) in sequence.

7. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A water pump (1) and a third heat exchanger (8) are provided in sequence on the water output pipeline, wherein the water output pipeline is connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit via the water pump (1) and the third heat exchanger (8); The liquid oxygen output pipeline is provided with a liquid oxygen pump (2), an air preheater (5) and a fourth heat exchanger (9) in sequence; wherein the liquid oxygen output pipeline passes through the liquid oxygen pump (2) and the air preheater (5) in sequence and then is connected to the input end of the first oxidation reactor (11) through the fourth heat exchanger (9); The slurry output pipeline is provided with a slurry pump (3) and a fifth heat exchanger (26) in sequence; wherein the slurry output pipeline is connected to the input end of the supercritical water gasification reactor unit through the slurry pump (3) and the fifth heat exchanger (26); A working fluid pump (4) and a sixth heat exchanger (27) are provided in sequence on the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline; wherein the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline is connected to the power generation and heating unit through the sixth heat exchanger (27) after passing through the working fluid pump (4); The second output end of the first oxidation reactor (11) is connected to the input end of the gas separator (18) after passing through the third heat exchanger (8), the fourth heat exchanger (9), the fifth heat exchanger (26) and the sixth heat exchanger (27) in sequence, wherein a third cooler (21) is provided between the sixth heat exchanger (27) and the gas separator (18); The output end of the second oxidation reactor (25) passes through the first heat exchanger (6) and the second heat exchanger (7) in sequence and is then connected to the sixth heat exchanger (27).

8. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power generation and heat supply unit comprises a turbine (19) and a heat generator (20); The input end of the turbine (19) is connected to the sixth heat exchanger (27), and the heat generator (20) is provided with a water input end, a working fluid input end, a water output end, and a working fluid output end; the water input end is used to input a water source, and the water output end is used to supply heat to the outside; the working fluid input end is connected to the output end of the turbine (19), and the working fluid output end is connected to the input end of the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, forming a working fluid heat circulation loop.

9. The kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A fourth cooler (22) is provided at the working medium output end of the heat generator (20).

10. A method for using a kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system, characterized in that: A kitchen waste gasification and supercritical hydrothermal synthesis multi-energy fusion system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: The kitchen waste slurry and water are respectively preheated in the slurry output pipeline and the water output pipeline and then input into the supercritical water gasification reactor unit, hydrogen-rich gas is generated through the water gasification reaction, and then the hydrogen-rich gas is input into the first oxidation reactor (11), a part of the hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor (11) is oxidized to release heat, and the water output pipeline, the liquid oxygen output pipeline, the slurry output pipeline and the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline are preheated in turn and then input into the gas separator (18), and then hydrogen is separated by the gas separator (18); The metal solution output unit inputs the precursor solution and the alkaline solution into the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit, and the remaining hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor (11) enters the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor unit to undergo a chemical reduction reaction with the precursor solution and the alkaline solution to obtain metal powder; After the organic Rankine cycle working fluid is input into the organic Rankine cycle power generation pipeline, it is oxidized by the hydrogen-rich gas in the first oxidation reactor (11) to release heat to generate steam, and then generates electricity through the power generation and heating unit to form a working fluid heat cycle.

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