Aluminum-based composite board

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum-based composite board, and relates to the technical field of metal material preparation. Compared with an existing aluminum-based composite board, the aluminum-based composite board solves the problems that an existing aluminum-based composite board is complex in composite technology, and consequently cost is high; the performance of the plate is influenced by insufficient interface bonding strength; part of preparation methods are not environment-friendly; while certain performance is improved, other performance may be sacrificed, and diversification requirements are difficult to meet; the board is divided into the inner side and the outer side, the components of the board on the inner side and the components of the board on the outer side are adaptively adjusted, the overall performance of the board is improved, and the composite board which is high in strength and rigidity and good in thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance is prepared by combining the advantages of various materials. Compared with a traditional material, the composite material is low in density, the weight of a product can be reduced, and the energy efficiency can be improved. And multiple machining methods such as extrusion, rolling and stamping are adopted for forming, parts in various shapes can be manufactured conveniently, and the requirements of different fields can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal material preparation, and in particular to an aluminum-based composite plate. Background Art

[0002] As a new type of material, aluminum-based composite panels have excellent properties such as high strength, high stiffness, good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, etc. Therefore, they have been widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic equipment and other fields.

[0003] Traditional single-material plates often fail to meet the diverse demands of modern industry for material properties. For example, although aluminum alloy plates have advantages such as light weight and corrosion resistance, they may be insufficient in strength and hardness; while other high-strength materials may have problems such as high density and high cost.

[0004] In order to overcome these limitations, aluminum-based composite panels came into being. By combining materials with different properties, we can achieve complementary advantages and obtain panels with excellent comprehensive performance.

[0005] In the past, the preparation process and performance of aluminum-based composite sheets have been explored to some extent. However, there are still some problems to be solved, such as how to further improve the interface bonding strength of the sheets, optimize the composite process to reduce costs, and improve production efficiency.

[0006] In addition, as various industries continue to increase their requirements for material performance, higher challenges have been posed to the performance of aluminum-based composite panels, such as higher strength, better heat resistance, and lower thermal expansion coefficient.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes an aluminum-based composite plate. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum-based composite plate to solve the problems raised in the background technology:

[0009] The composite process of existing aluminum-based composite panels is complex, resulting in high costs; the interface bonding strength is insufficient, affecting the performance of the panels; some preparation methods are not environmentally friendly; while improving certain properties, other properties may be sacrificed, making it difficult to meet diverse needs.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] An aluminum-based composite plate, comprising, from the inside to the outside, an inner layer, a honeycomb structure, an outer layer and a surface coating;

[0012] The inner layer and the outer layer are both composed of an aluminum matrix and a multi-component reinforcement phase;

[0013] The aluminum matrix of the inner layer is made of an aluminum alloy prepared from aluminum, silicon and copper, wherein, in terms of element addition percentage, the addition amounts of silicon and copper are 4-13% and 1-5% respectively, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0014] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer is prepared by 5-15% SiC, 0.1-1% carbon nanotubes, and 0.05-0.1% graphene by volume fraction;

[0015] The aluminum matrix of the outer layer is made of an aluminum alloy prepared from aluminum, zinc, magnesium and copper, wherein the addition amounts of zinc, magnesium and copper are 5-12%, 1-4% and 1-4% respectively, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable impurities.

[0016] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer is prepared by 15-30% SiC, 3-8% TiB2, 5-10% BN, 0.1-5% carbon nanotubes, and 0.1-1% graphene by volume fraction;

[0017] The honeycomb structure is made of 3003 aluminum alloy;

[0018] The aluminum matrix and the multi-component reinforcement phase are bonded by means of modified epoxy resin;

[0019] The surface coating is performed by nickel plating on the surface of the aluminum-based composite plate.

[0020] Preferably, the modified epoxy resin is obtained by modifying graphene and carbon fiber, wherein the content of graphene is 5%.

[0021] A method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials for the inner layer, honeycomb structure, outer layer and surface coating according to the structure of the aluminum-based composite sheet, and clean the raw materials;

[0023] S2: Billet preparation: The aluminum matrix raw materials of the inner layer and the outer layer are put into the mold according to the ratio, and the corresponding multi-component reinforcement phase raw materials are added respectively, and hot pressing and sintering are performed by a hot pressing sintering machine. After the mold is cooled, the mold is removed to obtain the sample;

[0024] S3: preparing a honeycomb structure: processing 3003 aluminum alloy into hexagonal honeycomb units, and closely arranging them in an upper and lower layer staggered manner, and bonding the hexagonal honeycomb units with modified epoxy resin to obtain a honeycomb structure;

[0025] S4: Pre-pressing: stack the inner layer, honeycomb structure and outer layer in order, apply adhesive between the layers, and pre-press the stacked samples for 10 to 30 minutes with a pre-pressing pressure of 5 to 20 MPa;

[0026] S5: Preheating: Preheat the pre-pressed sample for 30 to 45 minutes at a temperature of 300-500°C;

[0027] S6: Extrusion: Place the preheated sample into the extrusion barrel of the extruder, apply pressure through the extrusion rod, make the sample plastically deform in the mold, extrude it into the required shape and size, and then cool it;

[0028] S7: Billet preparation: inspect and pre-treat the extruded sheet, and cut and trim the sheet according to the requirements of the rolling process;

[0029] S8: hot rolling: heating the plate to 350-500°C, and sending the heated plate into a hot rolling mill for multiple-pass rolling;

[0030] S9: Cold rolling: After the hot-rolled sheet is cooled to room temperature, multiple cold rolling operations are performed;

[0031] S10: Surface treatment: Cleaning of rolled plates:

[0032] Use a mixture of 400-450 mL / L phosphoric acid and 200-250 mL / L nitric acid to clean the surface of the plate for 1-5 minutes, and adjust the temperature to 18-25°C;

[0033] Use 15-28 g / L sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol to clean the surface of the board for 2-8 minutes, and adjust the temperature to 40-55°C;

[0034] Use 8-18 mL / L hydrochloric acid solution to further clean the surface of the plate for 0.5-1.5 min;

[0035] S11: Surface activation: Use a solution mixed with 0.1 g / L palladium chloride, 5-15 mL / L hydrochloric acid, and 1 g / L ammonium chloride to activate the surface of the plate for 0-60 seconds at room temperature;

[0036] S12: Nickel plating: an alkaline chemical nickel plating process is used to prepare a chemical nickel plating layer with a coating thickness of 10 to 20 μm; the process conditions are as follows: GG-178A additive 22 to 35 mL / L, GG-178B reducing agent 22 to 30 mL / L, GG-178C stabilizer 25 to 45 mL / L, operating temperature 23 to 33°C, and bath solution pH 8.5 to 9.5;

[0037] S13: Nickel sealing: Use 50g / L K2Cr2O7 to react at 85°C for 5 to 10 minutes, then take out the plate and dry it to obtain an aluminum-based composite plate.

[0038] Preferably, in S2, the sintering pressure of the inner layer is set to 10-50 MPa, the sintering temperature is set to 500-650°C, the heating rate is set to 5-15°C / min, and the holding time is set to 1-3h;

[0039] The sintering pressure of the outer layer is set to 20-40 MPa, the sintering temperature is set to 450-600°C, the heating rate is set to 3-10°C / min, and the holding time is set to 1.5-3h.

[0040] Preferably, in S6, the extrusion temperature is set to 400-500° C.; the extrusion pressure is set to 300-500 MPa; and the extrusion speed is set to 1-10 mm / s.

[0041] Preferably, in S6, the cooling rate is set to 10-100°C / s.

[0042] Preferably, in S8, the rolling force is set to 3000-5000 kN; the rolling speed is set to 8-10 m / s; and the pass reduction is set to 10%-30%.

[0043] Preferably, in S9, the reduction per pass is set to 10% to 30%; the rolling speed is 10 to 20 m / min; the tension is 10 to 50% of the material yield; wherein the reduction per pass is lower than the reduction per previous pass.

[0044] Preferably, in S10, deionized water is used for washing twice after each cleaning is completed.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an aluminum-based composite plate having the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The present invention divides the plate into inner and outer sides, and makes adaptive adjustments to the plate components on the inner and outer sides respectively, so as to improve the overall performance of the plate, and combines the advantages of multiple materials to prepare a composite plate with high strength, high rigidity, good thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance; compared with traditional materials, it has a lower density, which helps to reduce the weight of the product and improve energy efficiency. It adopts multiple processing methods such as extrusion, rolling, and stamping for forming, which is convenient for manufacturing parts of various shapes and can meet the needs of different fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method mentioned in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0049] The present invention divides the plate into inner and outer sides, and adaptively adjusts the components of the inner and outer plates respectively to improve the overall performance of the plate. It also combines the advantages of multiple materials to prepare a composite plate with high strength, high rigidity, good thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. Compared with traditional materials, it has a lower density, which helps to reduce the weight of the product and improve energy efficiency. It adopts multiple processing methods such as extrusion, rolling, and stamping to form, which is convenient for manufacturing parts of various shapes and can meet the needs of different fields. Specifically include the following contents.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides an aluminum-based composite plate, comprising: an inner layer, a honeycomb structure, an outer layer and a surface coating;

[0052] Both the inner layer and the outer layer are composed of an aluminum matrix and a multi-component reinforcement phase;

[0053] The aluminum matrix of the inner layer is made of an aluminum alloy prepared from aluminum, silicon and copper, wherein, in terms of element addition fraction, the addition amounts of silicon and copper are 4-13% and 1-5% respectively, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0054] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer is prepared by 5-15% SiC, 0.1-1% carbon nanotubes, and 0.05-0.1% graphene by volume fraction;

[0055] The aluminum matrix of the outer layer is made of an aluminum alloy prepared from aluminum, zinc, magnesium and copper, wherein, in terms of element addition fraction, the addition amounts of zinc, magnesium and copper are 5-12%, 1-4% and 1-4% respectively, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable impurities;

[0056] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer is prepared by 15-30% SiC, 3-8% TiB2, 5-10% BN, 0.1-5% carbon nanotubes, and 0.1-1% graphene by volume fraction;

[0057] The honeycomb structure is made of 3003 aluminum alloy;

[0058] The aluminum matrix and the multi-component reinforcement phase are bonded and connected by means of modified epoxy resin; the modified epoxy resin is obtained by modifying graphene and carbon fiber, wherein the content of graphene is 5%.

[0059] The surface coating is nickel-plated on the surface of the aluminum-based composite plate.

[0060] A method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1: Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials for the inner layer, honeycomb structure, outer layer and surface coating according to the structure of the aluminum-based composite sheet, and clean the raw materials;

[0062] S2: Billet preparation: The aluminum matrix raw materials of the inner layer and the outer layer are put into the mold according to the ratio, and the corresponding multi-component reinforcement phase raw materials are added respectively, and hot pressing and sintering are performed by a hot pressing sintering machine. After the mold is cooled, the mold is removed to obtain the sample; the sintering pressure of the inner layer is set to 10-50MPa, the sintering temperature is set to 500-650℃, the heating rate is set to 5-15℃ / min, and the holding time is set to 1-3h;

[0063] The sintering pressure of the outer layer is set to 20-40 MPa, the sintering temperature is set to 450-600°C, the heating rate is set to 3-10°C / min, and the holding time is set to 1.5-3h.

[0064] S3: preparing a honeycomb structure: processing 3003 aluminum alloy into hexagonal honeycomb units, and closely arranging them in an upper and lower layer staggered manner, and bonding the hexagonal honeycomb units with modified epoxy resin to obtain a honeycomb structure;

[0065] S4: Pre-pressing: stack the inner layer, honeycomb structure and outer layer in order, apply adhesive between the layers, and pre-press the stacked samples for 10 to 30 minutes with a pre-pressing pressure of 5 to 20 MPa;

[0066] S5: Preheating: Preheat the pre-pressed sample for 30 to 45 minutes at a temperature of 300-500°C;

[0067] S6: Extrusion: Place the preheated sample into the extrusion barrel of the extruder, apply pressure through the extrusion rod, set the extrusion temperature to 400-500°C, the extrusion pressure to 300-500MPa, and the extrusion speed to 1-10mm / s. Make the sample plastically deform in the mold, extrude it into the desired shape and size, and then cool it down; the cooling rate is 10-100°C / s.

[0068] S7: Billet preparation: inspect and pre-treat the extruded sheet, and cut and trim the sheet according to the requirements of the rolling process;

[0069] S8: Hot rolling: Heat the plate to 350-500°C, and send the heated plate into a hot rolling mill for multiple-pass rolling; set the rolling force to 3000-5000 kN; the rolling speed to 8-10 m / s; and the pass reduction to 10%-30%.

[0070] S9: Cold rolling: After the hot-rolled plate is cooled to room temperature, multiple cold rolling operations are performed; the pass reduction is set to 10% to 30%; the rolling speed is 10 to 20 m / min; the tension is 10 to 50% of the material yield strength; wherein the reduction of each pass is lower than the reduction of the previous pass.

[0071] S10: Surface treatment: Cleaning of rolled plates:

[0072] Use a mixture of 400-450 mL / L phosphoric acid and 200-250 mL / L nitric acid to clean the surface of the plate for 1-5 minutes, and adjust the temperature to 18-25°C;

[0073] Use 15-28 g / L sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol to clean the surface of the board for 2-8 minutes, and adjust the temperature to 40-55°C;

[0074] Use 8-18 mL / L hydrochloric acid solution to further clean the surface of the plate for 0.5-1.5 min;

[0075] Wash twice with deionized water after each cleaning step.

[0076] S11: Surface activation: Use a solution mixed with 0.1 g / L palladium chloride, 5-15 mL / L hydrochloric acid, and 1 g / L ammonium chloride to activate the surface of the plate for 0-60 seconds at room temperature;

[0077] S12: Nickel plating: an alkaline chemical nickel plating process is used to prepare a chemical nickel plating layer with a coating thickness of 10 to 20 μm; the process conditions are as follows: GG-178A additive 22 to 35 mL / L, GG-178B reducing agent 22 to 30 mL / L, GG-178C stabilizer 25 to 45 mL / L, operating temperature 23 to 33°C, and bath solution pH 8.5 to 9.5;

[0078] S13: Nickel sealing: Use 50g / L K2Cr2O7 to react at 85°C for 5 to 10 minutes, then take out the plate and dry it to obtain an aluminum-based composite plate.

[0079] Embodiment 2:

[0080] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of embodiment 1, except that the addition amounts of silicon and copper in the aluminum matrix of the inner layer are 4% and 1%, respectively;

[0081] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer is prepared by 5% SiC, 0.1% carbon nanotubes, and 0.05% graphene by volume fraction;

[0082] The addition amounts of zinc, magnesium, and copper in the aluminum matrix of the outer layer are 5%, 1%, and 1%, respectively;

[0083] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer is prepared by 15% SiC, 3% TiB2, 5% BN, 0.1% carbon nanotubes, and 0.1% graphene by volume fraction.

[0084] Embodiment 3:

[0085] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of embodiment 1, except that the addition amounts of silicon and copper in the aluminum matrix of the inner layer are 8% and 3%, respectively;

[0086] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer is prepared by 10% SiC, 0.5% carbon nanotubes, and 0.08% graphene by volume fraction;

[0087] The addition amounts of zinc, magnesium, and copper in the aluminum matrix of the outer layer are 9%, 3%, and 3%, respectively;

[0088] The multi-reinforced phase of the outer layer is prepared by 23% SiC, 5% TiB2, 8% BN, 3% carbon nanotubes, and 0.5% graphene by volume fraction.

[0089] Embodiment 4:

[0090] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of embodiment 1, except that the addition amounts of silicon and copper in the aluminum matrix of the inner layer are 13% and 5%, respectively;

[0091] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer is prepared by 15% SiC, 1% carbon nanotubes, and 0.1% graphene by volume fraction;

[0092] The addition amounts of zinc, magnesium, and copper in the aluminum matrix of the outer layer are 12%, 4%, and 4%, respectively;

[0093] The multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer is prepared by 30% SiC, 8% TiB2, 10% BN, 5% carbon nanotubes, and 1% graphene by volume fraction.

[0094] Comparative Example 1:

[0095] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the amount of silicon added to the aluminum matrix of the inner layer of this embodiment is 0 / 3% / 14%.

[0096] Comparative Example 2:

[0097] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the amount of copper added to the aluminum matrix of the inner layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.5% / 6%.

[0098] Comparative Example 3:

[0099] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of SiC in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer of this embodiment is 0 / 4% / 16%.

[0100] Comparative Example 4:

[0101] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.05% / 1.5%.

[0102] Comparative Example 5:

[0103] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of graphene in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the internal layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.01% / 0.15%.

[0104] Comparative Example 6:

[0105] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the amount of zinc added to the aluminum matrix of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 4% / 13%.

[0106] Comparative Example 7:

[0107] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the amount of magnesium added to the aluminum matrix of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.1% / 5%.

[0108] Comparative Example 8:

[0109] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the amount of copper added to the aluminum matrix of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.1% / 5%.

[0110] Comparative Example 9:

[0111] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of SiC in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 14% / 31%.

[0112] Comparative Example 10:

[0113] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of TiB2 in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 2% / 9%.

[0114] Comparative Example 11:

[0115] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of BN in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 4% / 11%.

[0116] Comparative Example 12:

[0117] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of carbon nanotubes in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.01% / 5%.

[0118] Comparative Example 13:

[0119] The aluminum-based composite plate of this embodiment is substantially the same as the aluminum-based composite plate of Embodiment 3, except that the addition amount of graphene in the multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer of this embodiment is 0 / 0.01% / 2%.

[0120] The aluminum-based composite plate materials prepared in the above-mentioned Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 13 were used to prepare aluminum-based composite plates according to the preparation method of Example 1, and the performance of the prepared plates was tested. For details, please refer to Table 1:

[0121] Table 1 Performance test results of aluminum-based composite panels prepared by Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 13

[0122]

[0123]

[0124]

[0125] As can be seen from the table, the tensile strength of the present invention is as high as 518MPa, the yield strength is as high as 411MPa, the Brinell hardness is as high as 162HBW, and the corrosion rate is only 0.64g / m 2 ·d, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance are better than the control group. The density is not higher than 2.9g / cm 3 Compared with traditional materials, it has a lower density, can reduce the weight of the product and improve the application effect.

[0126] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum-based composite sheet, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes: an inner layer, a honeycomb structure, an outer layer and a surface coating; The inner layer and the outer layer are both composed of an aluminum matrix and a multi-component reinforcement phase; The aluminum matrix of the inner layer is made of an aluminum alloy prepared from aluminum, silicon and copper, wherein, in terms of element addition percentage, the addition amounts of silicon and copper are 4-13% and 1-5% respectively, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable impurities; The multi-component reinforcement phase of the inner layer is prepared by 5-15% SiC, 0.1-1% carbon nanotubes, and 0.05-0.1% graphene by volume fraction; The aluminum matrix of the outer layer is made of an aluminum alloy prepared from aluminum, zinc, magnesium and copper, wherein the addition amounts of zinc, magnesium and copper are 5-12%, 1-4% and 1-4% respectively, and the rest are aluminum and unavoidable impurities. The multi-component reinforcement phase of the outer layer is prepared by 15-30% SiC, 3-8% TiB2, 5-10% BN, 0.1-5% carbon nanotubes, and 0.1-1% graphene by volume fraction; The honeycomb structure is made of 3003 aluminum alloy; The aluminum matrix and the multi-component reinforcement phase are bonded by means of modified epoxy resin; The surface coating is performed by nickel plating on the surface of the aluminum-based composite plate.

2. The aluminum-based composite sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified epoxy resin is obtained by modifying graphene and carbon fiber, wherein the content of graphene is 5%.

3. A method for preparing an aluminum-based composite sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Raw material preparation: Prepare the raw materials for the inner layer, honeycomb structure, outer layer and surface coating according to the structure of the aluminum-based composite sheet, and clean the raw materials; S2: Billet preparation: The aluminum matrix raw materials of the inner layer and the outer layer are put into the mold according to the ratio, and the corresponding multi-component reinforcement phase raw materials are added respectively, and hot pressing and sintering are performed by a hot pressing sintering machine. After the mold is cooled, the mold is removed to obtain the sample; S3: preparing a honeycomb structure: processing 3003 aluminum alloy into hexagonal honeycomb units, and closely arranging them in an upper and lower layer staggered manner, and bonding the hexagonal honeycomb units with modified epoxy resin to obtain a honeycomb structure; S4: Pre-pressing: stack the inner layer, honeycomb structure and outer layer in order, apply adhesive between the layers, and pre-press the stacked samples for 10 to 30 minutes with a pre-pressing pressure of 5 to 20 MPa; S5: Preheating: Preheat the pre-pressed sample for 30 to 45 minutes at a temperature of 300-500°C; S6: Extrusion: Place the preheated sample into the extrusion barrel of the extruder, apply pressure through the extrusion rod, make the sample plastically deform in the mold, extrude it into the required shape and size, and then cool it; S7: Billet preparation: inspect and pre-treat the extruded sheet, and cut and trim the sheet according to the requirements of the rolling process; S8: hot rolling: heating the plate to 350-500°C, and sending the heated plate into a hot rolling mill for multiple-pass rolling; S9: Cold rolling: After the hot-rolled sheet is cooled to room temperature, multiple cold rolling operations are performed; S10: Surface treatment: Cleaning of rolled plates: Use a mixture of 400-450 mL / L phosphoric acid and 200-250 mL / L nitric acid to clean the surface of the plate for 1-5 minutes, and adjust the temperature to 18-25°C; Use 15-28 g / L sodium sulfate of fatty alcohol to clean the surface of the board for 2-8 minutes, and adjust the temperature to 40-55°C; Use 8-18 mL / L hydrochloric acid solution to further clean the surface of the plate for 0.5-1.5 min; S11: Surface activation: Use a solution of 0.1 g / L palladium chloride, 5-15 mL / L hydrochloric acid, and 1 g / L ammonium chloride to activate the surface of the plate for 0-60 seconds at room temperature; S12: Nickel plating: an alkaline chemical nickel plating process is used to prepare a chemical nickel plating layer with a coating thickness of 10 to 20 μm; the process conditions are as follows: GG-178A additive 22 to 35 mL / L, GG-178B reducing agent 22 to 30 mL / L, GG-178C stabilizer 25 to 45 mL / L, operating temperature 23 to 33°C, and bath solution pH 8.5 to 9.5; S13: Nickel sealing: Use 50g / L K2Cr2O7 to react at 85°C for 5 to 10 minutes, then take out the plate and dry it to obtain an aluminum-based composite plate.

4. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the sintering pressure of the inner layer is set to 10-50 MPa, the sintering temperature is set to 500-650°C, the heating rate is set to 5-15°C / min, and the holding time is set to 1-3h; The sintering pressure of the outer layer is set to 20-40 MPa, the sintering temperature is set to 450-600°C, the heating rate is set to 3-10°C / min, and the holding time is set to 1.5-3h.

5. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S6, the extrusion temperature is set to 400-500°C; the extrusion pressure is set to 300-500 MPa; and the extrusion speed is set to 1-10 mm / s.

6. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the step S6, the cooling rate is set to 10 to 100°C / s.

7. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S8, the rolling force is set to 3000-5000 kN; the rolling speed is set to 8-10 m / s; and the pass reduction is set to 10%-30%.

8. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S9, the pass reduction is set to 10% to 30%; the rolling speed is 10 to 20 m / min; the tension is 10 to 50% of the material yield; wherein the reduction in each pass is lower than the reduction in the previous pass.

9. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S10, after each cleaning is completed, washing is performed twice with deionized water.

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