High-speed mute submarine

Abstract

The invention discloses a submarine with a novel structure. High-pressure steam generated by nuclear energy is used as power to push a cylinder piston in the high-pressure cylinder to reciprocate. The air cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston to reciprocate, and seawater in the water cylinder is pressurized and pressed into the high-pressure water storage tank. The seawater in the high-pressure water storage tank is distributed to the regional water supply pipeline through the high-pressure water supply main pipeline, and finally the high-pressure seawater is supplied to the high-pressure seawater spraying module. The high-pressure seawater spraying modules are distributed on the surface of the submarine and connected through butt joints. The flat capillary nozzle sprays seawater to the tail of the submarine at a high speed, the surface of the submarine is covered with a layer of water film flowing backwards at a high speed, the water film is used for reducing the resistance of the seawater, and the water film and the recoil force of surrounding seawater are used for providing advancing power. Under the same pressure, the smaller the nozzle is, the higher the water flow speed is, and the overall backward water spraying speed is increased through the capillary nozzle. Rotary power is not needed, complex steam turbines and propellers are omitted, noise is low, and concealment is high.

Description

[0001] 1. Name: A high-speed, silent submarine.

[0002] 2. Technical field: The present invention mainly relates to underwater navigation equipment in the fields of military and engineering technology, and in particular to a new type of submarine structure and propulsion system.

[0003] 3. Background technology: The present invention originates from the thinking about the working principle of underwater vehicles and traditional propellers. Submarines are heavy weapons of great powers and have great strategic significance for safeguarding national security. Being able to sail at high speed underwater and be as silent as possible is the goal and direction that submarines have always pursued. The huge size of a submarine will generate huge seawater resistance when traveling underwater. Usually, the speed of a submarine is not fast. Speeding up to more than 30 knots requires an extremely high power system and consumes a lot of energy. Therefore, to increase the speed of a submarine, the problem of seawater resistance must be solved. Submarines generally use traditional propellers for underwater navigation. When the propeller rotates and propels, it will generate a lot of noise and have an obvious wake, which is very unfavorable to the concealed safety of the submarine. Pump-push technology can effectively improve efficiency and reduce noise, but the noise and wake are still obvious, and there are many difficulties in continuing to increase the speed. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new structure that can effectively reduce the seawater resistance during navigation and achieve silence as much as possible.

[0004] 4. Invention content: The present invention designs a submarine of a new structure, whose overall shape is an elliptical structure with slightly pointed ends and no propeller. Nuclear energy is used to generate high-pressure steam, which enters the high-pressure cylinder through the high-pressure steam pipeline and the diverter valve, and the high-pressure steam is used as a power to drive the cylinder piston in the high-pressure cylinder to reciprocate. The reciprocating motion of the cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston in the high-pressure water cylinder to reciprocate through the connecting rod. When the water cylinder piston moves, the seawater in the water cylinder is pressurized, and the pressurized seawater is pressed into the high-pressure water storage tank through the switch control of the water inlet valve and the water outlet valve. With the assistance of the high-pressure gas storage tank, the high-pressure water storage tank maintains the pressure within a certain pressure range. The seawater in the high-pressure water storage tank is supplied to the high-pressure water supply main pipeline after passing through the pressure regulating valve, and then distributed to the regional water supply pipeline by the high-pressure water supply main pipeline. The regional water supply pipeline finally supplies the high-pressure seawater to the high-pressure seawater injection module. The high-pressure seawater injection module is distributed on the surface of the submarine and sprays seawater toward the tail of the submarine through a flat capillary nozzle. Each high-pressure seawater jet module has multiple flat capillary nozzles. Multiple high-pressure seawater jet modules are connected through docking interfaces, similar to wall bricks, one by one and pasted on the surface of the submarine. The submarine surface is divided into multiple high-pressure seawater jet module areas. The seawater pressure in each area is uniformly controlled by a computer, which can balance the seawater pressure in each area. It can also achieve a small angle turn of the submarine by controlling the water spray pressure in different areas. Multiple steering nozzles are installed at the front and tail of the submarine. Multiple steering nozzles can achieve rapid turning and horizontal driving attitude control. High-pressure seawater is sprayed at high speed to the rear of the submarine through dense flat capillary nozzles, and a layer of high-speed backward-flowing water film is covered on the surface of the submarine. The water film reduces the resistance of seawater, and the recoil force of the water film and the surrounding seawater is used to provide forward power. The seawater originally pushed backward by the propeller as a whole is dispersed into a large number of flat capillary nozzles for backward spraying, which increases the overall backward water spraying speed and reduces the resistance of seawater to the submarine body because it covers the surface of the submarine. Although the thrust of each flat capillary nozzle is small, the large number of hundreds of millions of flat capillary nozzles have huge thrust when combined. The cylinder piston method eliminates the need for a complex steam turbine structure, and the piston reciprocating frequency is not high, so the noise is low. Because there is no steam turbine or propeller, the concealment is increased.

[0005] 5. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: high-pressure steam drives the cylinder piston in the high-pressure cylinder to reciprocate, and the cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston in the high-pressure water cylinder to reciprocate through the connecting rod, pressurizing the seawater in the high-pressure water cylinder, and the pressurized seawater is pressed into the high-pressure water storage tank, and supplied to the high-pressure seawater injection module through the high-pressure water supply pipeline. The high-pressure seawater injection module sprays high-pressure seawater at high speed to the rear of the submarine through a large number of capillary nozzles, covering the entire surface of the submarine with a layer of water film flowing backward at high speed, thereby reducing the seawater resistance from the surface, and using the recoil force of the water film and the surrounding seawater to provide forward power, solving the problem of slow sailing speed of submarines due to large seawater resistance. There is no steam turbine and no propeller, so the noise is small, and there is no obvious wake, which solves the problem of high noise and weak concealment during submarine navigation.

[0006] 6. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the high-pressure seawater injection module sprays high-pressure seawater at high speed to the rear of the submarine through a huge number of capillary nozzles, covering the entire surface of the submarine with a layer of water film flowing backward at high speed, effectively reducing the resistance of seawater and increasing the speed. There is no steam turbine or propeller, so the noise is small, there is no obvious wake, and the concealment is strong. 7. Description of the drawings:

[0007] Figure 1 : Working principle diagram

[0008] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of high-pressure seawater injection module

[0009] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of overall structural layout DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] 1. System overall structure design and working principle

[0011] like Figure 1 As shown in the working principle diagram, the whole system consists of four parts: nuclear energy module, nuclear power module, high-pressure seawater generation module and high-pressure seawater injection module.

[0012] 1. Nuclear energy module: It consists of steam generator, primary circuit, secondary circuit, condenser, booster pump, etc.

[0013] Under the heating of the primary circuit, the steam generator generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, which is output to the nuclear power module through the secondary circuit through the high-pressure steam pipeline to provide power for the nuclear power module. The condenser condenses the reflux steam into water and then presses it into the steam generator through the booster pump, completing the closed-loop circulation of steam.

[0014] 2. Nuclear power module: It consists of a diverter valve, a high-pressure cylinder, a cylinder piston, a reflux valve, etc.

[0015] After being diverted by the diverter valve, the high-pressure steam enters the high-pressure cylinder through the air inlet 1 and the air inlet 2 in turn. Figure 1 As shown in the nuclear power module in the working principle diagram, when the diverter valve slider moves to the right, the left air inlet is opened, the right air inlet is closed, and the high-pressure steam enters the high-pressure cylinder through the air inlet 1. The reflux valve 1 is in a closed state, and the high-pressure steam pushes the cylinder piston to the right. When the cylinder piston moves to the right, the reflux valve 2 opens, and the steam and water on the right side of the cylinder piston enter the reflux pipe through the reflux valve 2, and then are pumped into the steam generator after condensation to complete the cycle. When the diverter valve slider moves to the left, the working process is reversed, and the high-pressure steam pushes the cylinder piston to the left through the air inlet 2. Through the diversion of the diverter valve, the high-pressure steam pushes the cylinder piston to move, providing power for the reciprocating cycle.

[0016] 3. High-pressure seawater generation module: It consists of connecting rod, high-pressure water cylinder, water cylinder piston, seawater purification system, high-pressure water storage tank, high-pressure gas storage tank, etc.

[0017] The movement of the cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston in the high-pressure water cylinder to move through the connecting rod. The movement of the water cylinder piston compresses the seawater in the high-pressure water cylinder and presses the high-pressure seawater into the high-pressure water storage tank.

[0018] The seawater purification system consists of a water inlet, a grid plate, a purification filter element, etc. The grid plate isolates the seawater organisms, and the purification filter element filters out the micro-debris to obtain clean seawater without debris. Because the flat capillary nozzle is very small, the purpose of seawater purification is to prevent debris from clogging the capillary nozzle.

[0019] High-pressure water storage tanks store pressurized high-pressure seawater. Because the compression of water is relatively small, the pressure will drop rapidly after a small amount of seawater is released. Therefore, a high-pressure air storage tank is needed to utilize the high compression ratio of air and maintain the high pressure of the seawater in the high-pressure water storage tank through a pressure regulating valve, so that the seawater pressure is maintained within a certain range.

[0020] The high-pressure seawater in the high-pressure water tank passes through a pressure regulating valve and is supplied to the high-pressure seawater main pipeline at a relatively stable pressure. The main pipeline then supplies the high-pressure seawater injection module through the regional water supply pipeline. The high-pressure seawater injection module ejects the high-pressure seawater through a huge number of flat capillary nozzles, forming a layer of water film flowing backward at high speed on the surface of the submarine.

[0021] 4. High-pressure seawater injection module: It consists of a docking port, a main water supply pipeline, a branch water supply pipeline, a flat capillary nozzle, etc. Water is supplied to each high-pressure seawater injection module through a regional pressure regulating valve and a regional water supply pipeline.

[0022] The regional pressure regulating valve is controlled by a computer. The surface of the submarine is divided into multiple areas and controlled separately. Separate control can maintain the pressure balance of each area. The pressure difference can also be used to achieve different jet speeds to complete small turns and horizontal driving posture control.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown in the schematic diagram of the high-pressure seawater injection module, each high-pressure seawater injection module is composed of multiple flat capillary nozzles, and the modules are connected by docking ports. Multiple high-pressure seawater injection modules are similar to wall bricks, which are connected one by one and laid on the surface of the submarine. The flat capillary nozzle opens backward and can spray high-pressure and high-speed seawater, using the reaction force to propel the submarine forward. Although the thrust of each capillary nozzle is small, a huge number of capillary nozzles can generate powerful thrust when combined.

[0024] The capillary nozzle is flat, and it looks like a very thin gap from the front. High-pressure seawater is ejected outward through this very thin gap, thus forming a water film that flows backward at high speed. The water films generated by a huge number of capillary nozzles are connected together to form a large area of ​​connected water films.

[0025] 2. System Working Process

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown in the schematic diagram of the overall structural layout, the various functional modules are installed at the front of the submarine. This is because the water inlet must be at the front and the water demand is large and the pipes are relatively thick. Installing them at the front can save a lot of pipe space.

[0027] Because of the huge number of flat capillary nozzles on the submarine surface, the original water drop shape is no longer applicable, and the overall shape is changed to an elliptical structure with slightly pointed ends. The conical head shape is conducive to the continuity of the water flow after the multiple capillary nozzles spray water, so that the submarine surface is covered with a layer of water film flowing backward at high speed. The conical tail is conducive to reducing the low pressure area at the tail of the submarine when it is traveling at high speed.

[0028] Seawater enters the submarine through the front water inlet. The grid plate installed on the surface of the submarine isolates fish and other marine organisms. Marine organisms rush to the side and rear along most of the water flow. Part of the seawater enters the seawater purification system to filter out small debris in the water to obtain relatively pure seawater and prevent debris from clogging the capillary nozzle. The purified seawater is circulated into the high-pressure water cylinder controlled by the water inlet valve 1 and the water inlet valve 2. Both sides of the water cylinder piston are filled with seawater.

[0029] The nuclear energy module generates high-pressure steam, which enters the high-pressure cylinder through the high-pressure steam pipeline, pushing the cylinder piston to reciprocate, and the reciprocating motion of the cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston in the high-pressure water cylinder to reciprocate. The purified seawater in the high-pressure water cylinder is pressurized by the reciprocating motion of the water cylinder piston, and the high-pressure seawater is pressed into the high-pressure water storage tank. With the assistance of the high-pressure gas storage tank, the high-pressure seawater is transported to the high-pressure seawater injection module through the high-pressure water supply pipeline. The high-pressure seawater injection module sprays high-pressure and high-speed seawater to the rear of the submarine to push the submarine forward. By controlling the pressure in each area and the front and rear steering nozzles, turning and horizontal driving attitude control are achieved.

[0030] 3. Feasibility Analysis

[0031] 1. High-speed analysis

[0032] As long as the water flow speed of the capillary nozzle is greater than the submarine's travel speed, that is, greater than the water flow speed around the submarine, the capillary nozzle will obtain the recoil force of the water flow around the submarine, and this recoil force will push the submarine to accelerate forward until the forward momentum and resistance are balanced and the maximum travel speed is reached. The high-speed backward-flowing water film covering the surface of the submarine greatly reduces the resistance of the water flow to the submarine, and only a small forward momentum is needed to travel at high speed. The conical head using the water film propulsion method is more conducive to reducing seawater resistance and obtaining forward recoil momentum than the water drop type.

[0033] Because a large number of cavitations will be generated when the water jet speed exceeds 50m / s, the generation of cavitations will reduce the buoyancy of the submarine, which is a very dangerous state that must be avoided, so the water jet speed needs to be gradually increased from zero with the speed. When the navigation speed increases, as long as the water jet speed is greater than the water flow speed and does not exceed 50m / s, a large number of cavitations will not be generated. Therefore, with the increase of water jet speed and speed, the speed of the submarine can be increased to a very high speed. The situation where high-speed water jetting may generate cavitation should be further demonstrated in detail during the actual design.

[0034] 2. Water consumption analysis

[0035] There needs to be enough water to maintain the continuity of the water film, and the edges of the small water film formed by each small nozzle need to be superimposed to form an overall water film to achieve full body coverage.

[0036] A simple algorithm is used to estimate the water consumption. If a 1 mm thick water film is formed on the surface of the submarine and the surface area of ​​the submarine is 5000 square meters, then the total volume of the water film is 5000m 2 (Submarine surface area) x 0.001m (water film thickness 1 mm) = 5m 3 , about 5 tons of seawater. If the thickness of the water film is 0.1 mm, then the total volume of the water film is 0.5m 3, about 0.5 tons of seawater. That is, when the water film thickness is between 0.1 and 1 mm, the water film covering the entire surface of the submarine requires about 0.5 to 5 tons of seawater.

[0037] A speed of 1 knot is equal to 0.5 m / s, and a speed of 50 knots is approximately equal to 25 m / s. Due to the influence of resistance, a water film flow speed of at least 30 m / s is required to sail at a speed exceeding 50 knots. It is possible to make a water film weighing several tons flow at a speed of 30 m / s through a large number of dense capillary nozzles.

[0038] 3. Quietness analysis

[0039] Because the submarine is pushed forward by the reaction force of the high-speed water film and the seawater around the submarine, there is no need for a propeller. Without a propeller, there is no need for rotational power, so there is no need for a steam turbine. Without a propeller and a steam turbine, the submarine will be very quiet and its concealment will be enhanced.

[0040] 5. Existing Problems and Solutions

[0041] 1. Structural design of the nozzle: The larger the nozzle cross-sectional area, the thicker the water film, the greater the recoil force obtained, but the greater the water requirement. In order to reduce water consumption, the nozzle cross-sectional area needs to be reduced as much as possible, because the water film needs to have enough area to ensure the continuity and integrity of the water film, and the thickness of the water film can only be reduced as much as possible. When the thickness of the water film is reduced, the injection distance is short and the thrust will also be reduced, so the number of nozzles needs to be increased. Combined with various factors, the nozzle structure, shape, size and other parameters require complex calculations and repeated experiments to find the most suitable nozzle shape and parameters.

[0042] 2. Calculation and experiment: From high-pressure steam power output to high-pressure seawater injection module ejecting high-pressure seawater, to the continuous generation of water film, all involve fluid mechanics, as well as pressure, materials, structure, layout and many other aspects, which require complex calculations and experiments and need to be solved by professionals.

[0043] VI. Conclusion

[0044] The nuclear energy module generates high-pressure steam, which enters the high-pressure cylinder through the high-pressure steam pipeline, pushing the cylinder piston to reciprocate, and the reciprocating motion of the cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston in the high-pressure water cylinder to reciprocate, and the purified seawater in the high-pressure water cylinder is pressurized by the reciprocating motion of the water cylinder piston. The high-pressure seawater is pressed into the high-pressure water storage tank, and with the assistance of the high-pressure gas storage tank, the high-pressure seawater is transported to the high-pressure seawater injection module through the high-pressure water supply pipeline. The high-pressure seawater injection module sprays high-pressure and high-speed seawater to the rear of the submarine to push the submarine forward.

[0045] As long as the water flow speed of the capillary nozzle is greater than the submarine's travel speed, that is, greater than the water flow speed around the submarine, the capillary nozzle will obtain the recoil force of the water flow around the submarine, and this recoil force will push the submarine to accelerate forward until the forward power and resistance are balanced and the maximum travel speed is reached. The high-speed backward-flowing water film covering the surface of the submarine greatly reduces the resistance of the water flow to the submarine, and only a small forward power is needed to travel at high speed. The conical head using water film propulsion is more conducive to reducing seawater resistance and obtaining forward recoil power than the water drop type. There is no steam turbine or propeller, so the noise is small and there is no obvious wake, which improves concealment.

Claims

1. The present invention discloses a high-speed silent submarine, whose overall shape is an elliptical structure with slightly pointed ends and no propeller. Nuclear energy is used to generate high-pressure steam as a power to drive the cylinder piston in the high-pressure cylinder to reciprocate. The reciprocating motion of the cylinder piston drives the water cylinder piston in the high-pressure water cylinder to reciprocate through the connecting rod, pressurizes the seawater in the high-pressure water cylinder and presses it into the high-pressure water storage tank, and the high-pressure seawater in the high-pressure water storage tank is supplied to the high-pressure seawater injection module. The high-pressure seawater injection module is distributed on the surface of the submarine, and sprays seawater toward the tail of the submarine through a flat capillary nozzle, covering the surface of the submarine with a layer of water film flowing backward at a high speed.

2. The high-pressure seawater jet module according to claim 1 has a plurality of flat capillary nozzles, and the plurality of high-pressure seawater jet modules are connected through a docking port, similar to being connected and pasted one by one on the surface of a submarine like wall bricks. A large number of flat capillary nozzles spray high-pressure seawater at high speed to the rear of the submarine, forming a layer of water film flowing backward at high speed, using the water film to reduce the seawater resistance, and using the recoil force of the water film and the surrounding seawater to provide forward power.

3. According to Claims 1 and 2, the method of using the cylinder piston to drive the water cylinder piston eliminates the complex energy conversion structure in the middle. There is no steam turbine or propeller, and the noise is low and the concealment is strong.

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